Climate and average weather in Tonota
In Tonota, the summers are hot, fairly dry, and mostly clear and the winters are warm and clear.
Over the course of the year, the temperature in Tonota typically varies from 8°C to 32°C, and is rarely below 4°C or above 38°C. October is the hottest month of the year, while July is the coldest.
Based on the travel score, the best time of year to visit Tonota for warm-weather activities is from late April to early September.
- Hottest
- Oct
- 32°
- Coldest
- Jul
- 8°
- Wettest
- Jan
- 99 mm
- Driest
- Aug
- 1 mm
- Rain / yr
- 432 mm
- 59 wet days
- Daylight
- 10.7–13.3 h
- shortest–longest
- Elevation
- 959 m
- 21.4°S
- Clearest
- Aug
- 15% cloud
Tonota is village located in the Central District of Botswana.
Air quality: WHO Ambient Air Quality Database. Density & description: Wikidata (CC0), GeoNames.
Tonota weather by month, at a glance
The whole year in one picture — sky, rain, humidity, temperature and travel score. Click any band to jump to its full chart.
Each stripe is one measure across the whole year, stacked so a single day reads top to bottom. The sky band runs overcast grey on top down to clear blue at the base — more blue means sunnier — followed by the rainfall curve, the humidity band, a temperature strip that tints each stretch of the year by how warm its average high is, and the travel-score line at the foot. Scan straight down any date to read that day across every measure at once; the score climbs highest around late April to early September.
Temperature through the year
Daily average highs and lows in Tonota, from 1991–2020 of climate data. The shaded bands show the range most days fall in — 10th to 90th percentile.
The hot season lasts 5.7 months, from September 14 to March 6, with daily high temperatures above 30°C. The hottest month of the year in Tonota is October, with an average high of 32°C and low of 18°C.
The cool season lasts 2.0 months, from June 2 to July 31, with daily high temperatures below 24°C. The coldest month of the year in Tonota is July, with an average low of 8°C and high of 23°C.
Days typically run about 13°C warmer than nights, with the widest day–night swing (around 16°C) in August.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Avg high (°C) | 31 | 30 | 30 | 28 | 26 | 24 | 23 | 27 | 30 | 32 | 32 | 31 |
| Avg low (°C) | 21 | 20 | 19 | 16 | 11 | 8 | 8 | 11 | 15 | 18 | 20 | 20 |
| Avg high (°C) | Avg low (°C) | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 31 | 21 |
| Feb | 30 | 20 |
| Mar | 30 | 19 |
| Apr | 28 | 16 |
| May | 26 | 11 |
| Jun | 24 | 8 |
| Jul | 23 | 8 |
| Aug | 27 | 11 |
| Sep | 30 | 15 |
| Oct | 32 | 18 |
| Nov | 32 | 20 |
| Dec | 31 | 20 |
How hot and cold Tonota really feels
The felt-temperature range through the year — heat index on the day's high (summer humidity), wind chill on the night's low (winter wind). The dashed lines are the plain thermometer; the gap is how much hotter or colder it really feels.
On the hottest afternoons, once humidity is folded in, Tonota feels like about 32°C (around November 5). About 27 days a year carry some heat stress, peaking in November.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Feels-like high (°C) | 31 | 30 | 30 | 28 | 26 | 23 | 23 | 26 | 30 | 32 | 32 | 31 |
| Air high (°C) | 31 | 30 | 30 | 28 | 26 | 24 | 23 | 27 | 30 | 32 | 32 | 31 |
| Feels-like low (°C) | 20 | 20 | 19 | 15 | 11 | 6 | 6 | 10 | 15 | 18 | 20 | 20 |
| Air low (°C) | 21 | 20 | 19 | 16 | 11 | 8 | 8 | 11 | 15 | 18 | 20 | 20 |
| Feels-like high (°C) | Air high (°C) | Feels-like low (°C) | Air low (°C) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 31 | 31 | 20 | 21 |
| Feb | 30 | 30 | 20 | 20 |
| Mar | 30 | 30 | 19 | 19 |
| Apr | 28 | 28 | 15 | 16 |
| May | 26 | 26 | 11 | 11 |
| Jun | 23 | 24 | 6 | 8 |
| Jul | 23 | 23 | 6 | 8 |
| Aug | 26 | 27 | 10 | 11 |
| Sep | 30 | 30 | 15 | 15 |
| Oct | 32 | 32 | 18 | 18 |
| Nov | 32 | 32 | 20 | 20 |
| Dec | 31 | 31 | 20 | 20 |
Average hourly temperature in Tonota
A compact picture of the whole year, hour by hour: each column is a day, each row an hour, and the color is the modeled average temperature. Darker overlays mark night, lighter ones the civil-twilight hours around sunrise and sunset.
Read left to right for the day of the year and top to bottom for the hour of the day; the color is the modeled temperature, cool blues through to hot reds on the same scale as the other charts. A vertical slice is a single day's swing — coolest just before dawn, warmest in the mid-afternoon — while a horizontal slice follows one hour across the seasons. The darker overlay marks night and the lighter one the twilight around sunrise and sunset. Colors run warmest on October afternoons, near 32°C, and coldest before dawn in July, near 8°C.
Tonota weather by month
Every month at a glance. Click a month for its detailed page.
| Month | High / Low (°C) | Rainfall (mm) | Wet days | Daylight (hours) | Travel score |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 31° / 21° | 99 | 11.4 | 13.2 | 4.5 |
| Feb | 30° / 20° | 88 | 9.1 | 12.7 | 4.9 |
| Mar | 30° / 19° | 46 | 6.8 | 12.2 | 5.7 |
| Apr | 28° / 16° | 13 | 2.8 | 11.5 | 7.4 |
| May | 26° / 11° | 5 | 1.2 | 11 | 8.9 |
| Jun | 24° / 8° | 5 | 0.7 | 10.7 | 9.3 |
| Jul | 23° / 8° | 4 | 0.5 | 10.8 | 9.1 |
| Aug | 27° / 11° | 1 | 0.1 | 11.3 | 8.9 |
| Sep | 30° / 15° | 6 | 1.3 | 11.9 | 6.6 |
| Oct | 32° / 18° | 16 | 3.5 | 12.5 | 5.0 |
| Nov | 32° / 20° | 54 | 8.9 | 13 | 4.2 |
| Dec | 31° / 20° | 97 | 12.6 | 13.3 | 4.3 |
Chance of rain
How likely it is to rain on a typical day, and how that shifts across the wetter and drier seasons.
Tonota gets about 432 mm of precipitation a year. On a typical day the chance of rain is some rain, but that rises and falls sharply with the seasons.
The wetter season lasts 5.3 months, from around Oct 27 to Apr 4, peaking in December at about 41% chance on a given day. The drier stretch runs the rest of the year, bottoming out around Aug 4.
January is the wettest month by volume, with 99 mm over about 11 wet days; August is the driest, with 1 mm.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rain on a day (%) | 37 | 32 | 22 | 10 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 5 | 12 | 29 | 39 |
| Rain days | 11 | 9 | 7 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 4 | 9 | 13 |
| Rain on a day (%) | Rain days | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 37 | 11 |
| Feb | 32 | 9 |
| Mar | 22 | 7 |
| Apr | 10 | 3 |
| May | 4 | 1 |
| Jun | 2 | 1 |
| Jul | 1 | 1 |
| Aug | 0 | 0 |
| Sep | 5 | 1 |
| Oct | 12 | 4 |
| Nov | 29 | 9 |
| Dec | 39 | 13 |
Monthly rainfall
Over a full year, Tonota collects about 432 mm of rain across 59 wet days — roughly 36 mm in an average month.
It doesn’t fall evenly. January is the wettest month with 99 mm, while August is the driest at just 1 mm. The three wettest months alone bring about 66% of the year’s total.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rainfall (mm) | 99 | 88 | 46 | 13 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 1 | 6 | 16 | 54 | 97 |
| Rain days | 11 | 9 | 7 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 4 | 9 | 13 |
| Rainfall (mm) | Rain days | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 99 | 11 |
| Feb | 88 | 9 |
| Mar | 46 | 7 |
| Apr | 13 | 3 |
| May | 5 | 1 |
| Jun | 5 | 1 |
| Jul | 4 | 1 |
| Aug | 1 | 0 |
| Sep | 6 | 1 |
| Oct | 16 | 4 |
| Nov | 54 | 9 |
| Dec | 97 | 13 |
Clouds and sunshine
How often the daytime sky is clear, partly cloudy or overcast.
In Tonota, the average share of the sky covered by clouds shows significant seasonal variation over the course of the year.
The clearer part of the year begins around April 13 and lasts for 6.4 months, ending around October 25. The clearest month is May, when the sky is clear, mostly clear, or partly cloudy 90% of the time on average.
The cloudier part of the year begins around October 26 and lasts for 5.6 months, ending around April 12. The cloudiest month is December, when it is overcast or mostly cloudy 52% of the time.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clearer (%) | 55 | 60 | 66 | 77 | 90 | 88 | 86 | 90 | 88 | 80 | 58 | 48 |
| Cloudier (%) | 45 | 40 | 34 | 23 | 10 | 12 | 14 | 10 | 12 | 20 | 42 | 52 |
| Clearer (%) | Cloudier (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 55 | 45 |
| Feb | 60 | 40 |
| Mar | 66 | 34 |
| Apr | 77 | 23 |
| May | 90 | 10 |
| Jun | 88 | 12 |
| Jul | 86 | 14 |
| Aug | 90 | 10 |
| Sep | 88 | 12 |
| Oct | 80 | 20 |
| Nov | 58 | 42 |
| Dec | 48 | 52 |
Daylight, sunrise and sunset
Hours of daylight through the year, with sunrise and sunset times.
The gold band is daylight — sunrise runs along its lower edge, sunset along the upper — so it widens toward summer and pinches toward winter, with night the dark area above and below. The longest day, around January 1, brings about 13 h 18 min of light; the shortest, around June 7, only 10 h 42 min — a swing of roughly 2 h 36 min.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Daylight (h) | 13.2 | 12.7 | 12.2 | 11.5 | 11.0 | 10.7 | 10.8 | 11.3 | 11.9 | 12.5 | 13.0 | 13.3 |
| Sunrise (AM) | 5:44 | 6:03 | 6:15 | 6:25 | 6:37 | 6:49 | 6:51 | 6:36 | 6:08 | 5:40 | 5:24 | 5:27 |
| Sunset (PM) | 6:55 | 6:47 | 6:24 | 5:56 | 5:36 | 5:31 | 5:40 | 5:52 | 6:01 | 6:10 | 6:27 | 6:45 |
| Daylight (h) | Sunrise (AM) | Sunset (PM) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 13.2 | 5:44 | 6:55 |
| Feb | 12.7 | 6:03 | 6:47 |
| Mar | 12.2 | 6:15 | 6:24 |
| Apr | 11.5 | 6:25 | 5:56 |
| May | 11.0 | 6:37 | 5:36 |
| Jun | 10.7 | 6:49 | 5:31 |
| Jul | 10.8 | 6:51 | 5:40 |
| Aug | 11.3 | 6:36 | 5:52 |
| Sep | 11.9 | 6:08 | 6:01 |
| Oct | 12.5 | 5:40 | 6:10 |
| Nov | 13.0 | 5:24 | 6:27 |
| Dec | 13.3 | 5:27 | 6:45 |
Sunny days
How many genuinely sunny days each month brings — days the sky stays clear or mostly clear — banded into plain-language zones.
Tonota averages about 19 sunny days a month — counting the days the sky stays clear or mostly clear — with a clear seasonal swing between 9 and 26 days.
The sunnier stretch runs 6.3 months, from around Apr 13 to Oct 21. The sunniest month is September, with roughly 25 sunny days (brilliant).
The greyest month is December, down near 10 sunny days — about 61% fewer than the September peak.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sunny days | 11 | 11 | 15 | 20 | 25 | 24 | 24 | 26 | 25 | 21 | 12 | 10 |
| Sky | Mixed | Mixed | Mixed | Bright | Brilliant | Brilliant | Brilliant | Brilliant | Brilliant | Bright | Mixed | Mixed |
| Sunny days | Sky | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 11 | Mixed |
| Feb | 11 | Mixed |
| Mar | 15 | Mixed |
| Apr | 20 | Bright |
| May | 25 | Brilliant |
| Jun | 24 | Brilliant |
| Jul | 24 | Brilliant |
| Aug | 26 | Brilliant |
| Sep | 25 | Brilliant |
| Oct | 21 | Bright |
| Nov | 12 | Mixed |
| Dec | 10 | Mixed |
Humidity comfort
Share of days at each humidity comfort level, based on the dew point — the measure that tracks how muggy it actually feels.
Humidity comfort is graded by the dew point — the temperature at which the air would be fully saturated — because it tracks how muggy it actually feels far better than relative humidity does. A low dew point feels dry and crisp; a high one feels sticky and oppressive no matter the reading on a humidity gauge.
In Tonota, how humid it feels changes dramatically over the year.
The more humid part of the year lasts 4.9 months, from around November 10 to April 7. The muggiest month is December, when the air feels humid, muggy or worse about 62% of the time.
The most comfortable stretch runs from around April 8 to November 9, and May is the most comfortable month — the air is dry or comfortable 99% of the time.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dry (%) | 13 | 13 | 22 | 54 | 92 | 99 | 100 | 99 | 92 | 71 | 41 | 15 |
| Comfortable (%) | 22 | 25 | 31 | 31 | 7 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 8 | 23 | 26 | 22 |
| Humid (%) | 30 | 31 | 31 | 13 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 6 | 26 | 35 |
| Muggy (%) | 34 | 30 | 16 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 7 | 27 |
| Oppressive (%) | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Dry (%) | Comfortable (%) | Humid (%) | Muggy (%) | Oppressive (%) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 13 | 22 | 30 | 34 | 1 |
| Feb | 13 | 25 | 31 | 30 | 1 |
| Mar | 22 | 31 | 31 | 16 | 0 |
| Apr | 54 | 31 | 13 | 3 | 0 |
| May | 92 | 7 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| Jun | 99 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Jul | 100 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Aug | 99 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Sep | 92 | 8 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| Oct | 71 | 23 | 6 | 0 | 0 |
| Nov | 41 | 26 | 26 | 7 | 0 |
| Dec | 15 | 22 | 35 | 27 | 0 |
Wind
Average wind speed through the year, banded into plain-language speed zones so a number reads as 'breezy' or 'calm' without knowing the scale.
This is the average sustained wind speed at the standard 10 metres above open ground — the steady flow a weather station reports, not the sharper gusts that come and go, which can run half again as fast. It's the number that says whether a place is generally breezy or calm.
Across the year, average wind speed in Tonota is typically light breeze, near 13 km/h, and varies moderately with the seasons.
The windier part of the year lasts 3.7 months, from around Aug 18 to Dec 7. The windiest month is October, averaging about 15 km/h (light breeze).
The calmer part of the year runs from around Mar 20 to Aug 17, with May the calmest month at about 11 km/h.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wind speed (km/h) | 13 | 13 | 13 | 12 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 14 | 13 |
| Feels | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | calm | calm | calm | calm | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze |
| Wind speed (km/h) | Feels | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 13 | light breeze |
| Feb | 13 | light breeze |
| Mar | 13 | light breeze |
| Apr | 12 | calm |
| May | 11 | calm |
| Jun | 11 | calm |
| Jul | 11 | calm |
| Aug | 13 | light breeze |
| Sep | 14 | light breeze |
| Oct | 15 | light breeze |
| Nov | 14 | light breeze |
| Dec | 13 | light breeze |
Best time to visit Tonota
To characterize how pleasant the weather is in Tonota throughout the year, we compute two travel scores — one for general sightseeing, one for beach and pool weather.
Around late April, Tonota is still near the start of its best-weather window — great conditions with the peak-season crowds not yet at full swing.
Inferred from the travel-score curve; month-by-month visitor numbers are a planned addition.
The travel score favors clear, rainless days with daytime highs between 18°C and 28°C. Based on this score, the best time of year to visit Tonota for general outdoor tourist activities is from mid April to early September, with a peak score in the last week of July.
The travel score (filled area), and its constituents: the temperature score (red line), the cloud cover score (blue line), and the precipitation score (green line).
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Travel score (0–10) | 4.5 | 4.9 | 5.7 | 7.4 | 8.9 | 9.2 | 9.1 | 8.9 | 6.6 | 5.0 | 4.3 | 4.3 |
| Rating | fair | fair | good | good | ideal | ideal | ideal | ideal | good | fair | fair | fair |
| Travel score (0–10) | Rating | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 4.5 | fair |
| Feb | 4.9 | fair |
| Mar | 5.7 | good |
| Apr | 7.4 | good |
| May | 8.9 | ideal |
| Jun | 9.2 | ideal |
| Jul | 9.1 | ideal |
| Aug | 8.9 | ideal |
| Sep | 6.6 | good |
| Oct | 5.0 | fair |
| Nov | 4.3 | fair |
| Dec | 4.3 | fair |
The beach/pool score favors clear, rainless days with daytime highs between 24°C and 34°C. Based on this score, the best times of year to visit Tonota for hot-weather activities run from early March to mid June and again from late July to late October, with a peak score in the first week of September.
The beach/pool score (filled area), and its constituents: the temperature score (red line), the cloud cover score (blue line), and the precipitation score (green line).
What to pack for Tonota, by month
Month by month, what's worth putting in the bag — from the temperature range, rain chance, sun and wind. Tap a month for a quick packing note.
For a warm-season trip around October (highs near 32°C), the essentials are light clothes and sun protection. In the cold season around July (highs near 23°C), pack light clothes and a warm layer.
In October, Tonota sees daytime highs around 32°C and nights near 18°C. Pack light clothes and sun protection. About 4 days see rain.
UV index (midday) in Tonota by month
Clear-sky midday UV index through the year, shaded by the WHO exposure levels — how much sun protection each month calls for.
Under clear skies, the midday UV index in Tonota peaks around January 18 at about 15 (extreme) — sunscreen, a hat and midday shade are essential. It bottoms out near June 19 at about 6 (high).
The index reaches 3 or more — the level where the WHO recommends sun protection — every month of the year.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UV index (midday) | 15 | 14 | 13 | 9 | 7 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 10 | 11 | 13 | 13 |
| Level | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Very high | Very high | High | High | Very high | Very high | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme |
| UV index (midday) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 15 | Extreme |
| Feb | 14 | Extreme |
| Mar | 13 | Extreme |
| Apr | 9 | Very high |
| May | 7 | Very high |
| Jun | 6 | High |
| Jul | 7 | High |
| Aug | 8 | Very high |
| Sep | 10 | Very high |
| Oct | 11 | Extreme |
| Nov | 13 | Extreme |
| Dec | 13 | Extreme |
Average hourly UV index in Tonota
Modeled clear-sky UV for every hour of every day — when in the day sun protection actually matters.
The whole year hour by hour: each column is a day, each row an hour, and the color is the modeled clear-sky UV index — the midday peak scaled down as the sun sits lower in the sky. Darker overlays mark night, lighter ones the civil-twilight hours around sunrise and sunset.
UV falls off far faster than brightness as the sun drops, so even in January the burn window is concentrated in the middle of the day: about 9 hours a day reach index 3 (protection recommended), and 7 hours reach 6 or more. Mornings and late afternoons stay comparatively gentle year round.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UV ≥ 3 (h/day) | 9 | 8.5 | 8 | 7 | 6 | 5.5 | 6 | 6.5 | 7 | 8 | 8.5 | 8.5 |
| UV ≥ 6 (h/day) | 7 | 6.5 | 6 | 4.5 | 3 | 1.5 | 2.5 | 4 | 5 | 5.5 | 6.5 | 6.5 |
| UV ≥ 3 (h/day) | UV ≥ 6 (h/day) | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 9 | 7 |
| Feb | 8.5 | 6.5 |
| Mar | 8 | 6 |
| Apr | 7 | 4.5 |
| May | 6 | 3 |
| Jun | 5.5 | 1.5 |
| Jul | 6 | 2.5 |
| Aug | 6.5 | 4 |
| Sep | 7 | 5 |
| Oct | 8 | 5.5 |
| Nov | 8.5 | 6.5 |
| Dec | 8.5 | 6.5 |
Growing season
Tonota is frost-free year round — even the coldest nights rarely reach freezing, so there is no start or end to the growing season.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Frost-free chance (%) | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
| Frost nights | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Frost-free chance (%) | Frost nights | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 100 | 0 |
| Feb | 100 | 0 |
| Mar | 100 | 0 |
| Apr | 100 | 0 |
| May | 100 | 0 |
| Jun | 100 | 0 |
| Jul | 100 | 0 |
| Aug | 100 | 0 |
| Sep | 100 | 0 |
| Oct | 100 | 0 |
| Nov | 100 | 0 |
| Dec | 100 | 0 |
Growing degree days
Growing degree days tally heat above 10°C: each day adds however many degrees its average temperature runs over that threshold, and cold days add nothing. Tonota banks about 4,374 degree days a year, and the running total — which growers use to time plantings and predict maturity — climbs fastest around November.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Growing degree days (°C·days) | 484 | 426 | 439 | 354 | 267 | 177 | 170 | 267 | 373 | 465 | 472 | 480 |
| Growing degree days (°C·days) | |
|---|---|
| Jan | 484 |
| Feb | 426 |
| Mar | 439 |
| Apr | 354 |
| May | 267 |
| Jun | 177 |
| Jul | 170 |
| Aug | 267 |
| Sep | 373 |
| Oct | 465 |
| Nov | 472 |
| Dec | 480 |
Solar energy
Average daily shortwave solar energy reaching the ground, banded into brightness zones so the number means something at a glance.
Solar energy is how much sunlight actually reaches the ground each day, measured in kilowatt-hours per square metre (kWh/m²) — the combined effect of how long the sun is up, how high it climbs, and how much cloud gets in the way. It's the raw fuel a solar panel has to work with: for scale, 1 kWh/m² a day is dim and wintry, while 7+ is desert-bright.
Tonota receives about 5.7 kWh/m² a day of solar energy on average — bright — with a clear seasonal swing between 4.1 and 6.8 kWh/m².
The brighter stretch of the year lasts 6.7 months, from around Aug 29 to Mar 20. The brightest month is October, averaging about 6.8 kWh/m² (intense).
The dimmest month is July, down near 4.4 kWh/m² — roughly 36% less than the October peak.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | 6.4 | 6.2 | 5.8 | 5.2 | 4.8 | 4.2 | 4.3 | 5.3 | 6.2 | 6.8 | 6.6 | 6.4 |
| Level | Intense | Intense | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense |
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 6.4 | Intense |
| Feb | 6.2 | Intense |
| Mar | 5.8 | Bright |
| Apr | 5.2 | Bright |
| May | 4.8 | Bright |
| Jun | 4.2 | Bright |
| Jul | 4.3 | Bright |
| Aug | 5.3 | Bright |
| Sep | 6.2 | Intense |
| Oct | 6.8 | Intense |
| Nov | 6.6 | Intense |
| Dec | 6.4 | Intense |
Where is Tonota?
Tonota sits at 21.4°S, 27.5°E, 959 m above sea level, in Botswana. The nearest listed city is Francistown, 31 km away.
Topography around Tonota
How much the land rises and falls, and what covers it, within 3, 16 and 80 km of Tonota.
Within 3 km, the terrain around Tonota has only modest variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 44 m around an average of 958 m above sea level; within 16 km, only modest variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 127 m; within 80 km, significant variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 465 m.
The land around Tonota is covered by shrubs (38%) and artificial surfaces (35%) within 3 km, shrubs (64%) within 16 km, and shrubs (79%) within 80 km.
Botswana travel facts
- Travel advisory
- Level 2
- Exercise Increased Caution
- Power plugs
- Type D / G / M
- 230 V · 50 Hz
- Prices
- ≈ 38% of US
- price level, 2025
- GDP per capita
- $7,778
- 2025
- Happiness
- 3.5 / 10
- World Happiness, 2025
- Safe drinking water
- 63%
- of population, 2024
- Homicide rate
- 11.4
- per 100k, 2021
- Road deaths
- 26.4
- per 100k/yr, 2019
- Income group
- Upper middle
- World Bank
- Religion
Sources: World Bank, US State Department, World Happiness Report, WHO/UNICEF, EF EPI, CIA World Factbook.
Data sources
Temperature, precipitation, cloud, humidity, wind and solar figures are a 1991–2020 climatology for Tonota (-21.4424°, 27.4615°, elevation 959 m), computed from hourly ERA5 reanalysis — contains modified Copernicus Climate Change Service information. Sun figures are astronomical calculations, not observations. City data © GeoNames, CC BY 4.0. Map outlines from Natural Earth (public domain); interactive map © Google. UV index is derived from CAMS (Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service) clear-sky UV data — contains modified Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service information. Topography is sampled from the Copernicus DEM GLO-90 elevation model (© ESA/Airbus) and ESA WorldCover 2021 land cover (CC BY 4.0).