Climate and average weather in São Francisco
In São Francisco, the weather is sweltering, wet, and partly cloudy and remarkably steady, with daytime highs holding near sweltering levels all year. The wettest stretch peaks around December.
Over the course of the year, the temperature in São Francisco typically varies from 18°C to 34°C, and is rarely below 16°C or above 38°C. October is the hottest month of the year, while June is the coldest.
Based on the travel score, the best time of year to visit São Francisco for warm-weather activities is from late April to late August.
- Hottest
- Oct
- 34°
- Coldest
- Jun
- 19°
- Wettest
- Dec
- 176 mm
- Driest
- Jul
- 0 mm
- Rain / yr
- 837 mm
- 91 wet days
- Daylight
- 11.1–12.9 h
- shortest–longest
- Elevation
- 465 m
- 15.9°S
- Clearest
- Aug
- 28% cloud
São Francisco is town in Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Air quality: WHO Ambient Air Quality Database. Density & description: Wikidata (CC0), GeoNames.
São Francisco weather by month, at a glance
The whole year in one picture — sky, rain, humidity, temperature and travel score. Click any band to jump to its full chart.
Each stripe is one measure across the whole year, stacked so a single day reads top to bottom. The sky band runs overcast grey on top down to clear blue at the base — more blue means sunnier — followed by the rainfall curve, the humidity band, a temperature strip that tints each stretch of the year by how warm its average high is, and the travel-score line at the foot. Scan straight down any date to read that day across every measure at once; the score climbs highest around late April to late August.
Temperature through the year
Daily average highs and lows in São Francisco, from 1991–2020 of climate data. The shaded bands show the range most days fall in — 10th to 90th percentile.
Temperatures in São Francisco stay fairly even through the year, without a distinct hot or cool season. The warmest month is October, with an average high of 34°C and low of 22°C; the coolest is June, with an average low of 19°C and high of 30°C.
Days typically run about 10°C warmer than nights, with the widest day–night swing (around 12°C) in September.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Avg high (°C) | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 30 | 30 | 30 | 31 | 33 | 34 | 31 | 31 |
| Avg low (°C) | 22 | 22 | 22 | 21 | 20 | 19 | 18 | 19 | 21 | 22 | 22 | 22 |
| Avg high (°C) | Avg low (°C) | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 31 | 22 |
| Feb | 31 | 22 |
| Mar | 31 | 22 |
| Apr | 31 | 21 |
| May | 30 | 20 |
| Jun | 30 | 19 |
| Jul | 30 | 18 |
| Aug | 31 | 19 |
| Sep | 33 | 21 |
| Oct | 34 | 22 |
| Nov | 31 | 22 |
| Dec | 31 | 22 |
How hot and cold São Francisco really feels
The felt-temperature range through the year — heat index on the day's high (summer humidity), wind chill on the night's low (winter wind). The dashed lines are the plain thermometer; the gap is how much hotter or colder it really feels.
On the hottest afternoons, once humidity is folded in, São Francisco feels like about 34°C (around September 29). About 234 days a year carry some heat stress, peaking in September.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Feels-like high (°C) | 33 | 33 | 33 | 32 | 31 | 30 | 30 | 31 | 33 | 34 | 32 | 32 |
| Air high (°C) | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 30 | 30 | 30 | 31 | 33 | 34 | 31 | 31 |
| Feels-like low (°C) | 22 | 22 | 22 | 21 | 20 | 19 | 18 | 19 | 21 | 22 | 22 | 22 |
| Air low (°C) | 22 | 22 | 22 | 21 | 20 | 19 | 18 | 19 | 21 | 22 | 22 | 22 |
| Feels-like high (°C) | Air high (°C) | Feels-like low (°C) | Air low (°C) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 33 | 31 | 22 | 22 |
| Feb | 33 | 31 | 22 | 22 |
| Mar | 33 | 31 | 22 | 22 |
| Apr | 32 | 31 | 21 | 21 |
| May | 31 | 30 | 20 | 20 |
| Jun | 30 | 30 | 19 | 19 |
| Jul | 30 | 30 | 18 | 18 |
| Aug | 31 | 31 | 19 | 19 |
| Sep | 33 | 33 | 21 | 21 |
| Oct | 34 | 34 | 22 | 22 |
| Nov | 32 | 31 | 22 | 22 |
| Dec | 32 | 31 | 22 | 22 |
Average hourly temperature in São Francisco
A compact picture of the whole year, hour by hour: each column is a day, each row an hour, and the color is the modeled average temperature. Darker overlays mark night, lighter ones the civil-twilight hours around sunrise and sunset.
Read left to right for the day of the year and top to bottom for the hour of the day; the color is the modeled temperature, cool blues through to hot reds on the same scale as the other charts. A vertical slice is a single day's swing — coolest just before dawn, warmest in the mid-afternoon — while a horizontal slice follows one hour across the seasons. The darker overlay marks night and the lighter one the twilight around sunrise and sunset. Colors run warmest on October afternoons, near 34°C, and coldest before dawn in June, near 19°C.
São Francisco weather by month
Every month at a glance. Click a month for its detailed page.
| Month | High / Low (°C) | Rainfall (mm) | Wet days | Daylight (hours) | Travel score |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 31° / 22° | 138 | 14.2 | 12.8 | 4.0 |
| Feb | 31° / 22° | 103 | 12 | 12.5 | 4.0 |
| Mar | 31° / 22° | 123 | 13.4 | 12.1 | 4.1 |
| Apr | 31° / 21° | 43 | 6.7 | 11.7 | 4.9 |
| May | 30° / 20° | 11 | 2.2 | 11.3 | 5.8 |
| Jun | 30° / 19° | 2 | 0.4 | 11.1 | 6.5 |
| Jul | 30° / 18° | 0 | 0 | 11.1 | 6.6 |
| Aug | 31° / 19° | 2 | 0.4 | 11.5 | 5.7 |
| Sep | 33° / 21° | 10 | 1.8 | 11.9 | 4.1 |
| Oct | 34° / 22° | 63 | 7.4 | 12.4 | 3.4 |
| Nov | 31° / 22° | 166 | 15.9 | 12.7 | 3.7 |
| Dec | 31° / 22° | 176 | 16.7 | 12.9 | 3.8 |
Chance of rain
How likely it is to rain on a typical day, and how that shifts across the wetter and drier seasons.
São Francisco gets about 837 mm of precipitation a year. On a typical day the chance of rain is some rain, but that rises and falls sharply with the seasons.
The wetter season lasts 5.8 months, from around Oct 20 to Apr 13, peaking in December at about 58% chance on a given day. The drier stretch runs the rest of the year, bottoming out around Jul 10.
December is the wettest month by volume, with 176 mm over about 17 wet days; July is the driest, with 0 mm.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rain on a day (%) | 46 | 43 | 42 | 22 | 7 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 7 | 24 | 52 | 54 |
| Rain days | 14 | 12 | 13 | 7 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 7 | 16 | 17 |
| Rain on a day (%) | Rain days | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 46 | 14 |
| Feb | 43 | 12 |
| Mar | 42 | 13 |
| Apr | 22 | 7 |
| May | 7 | 2 |
| Jun | 1 | 0 |
| Jul | 0 | 0 |
| Aug | 1 | 0 |
| Sep | 7 | 2 |
| Oct | 24 | 7 |
| Nov | 52 | 16 |
| Dec | 54 | 17 |
Monthly rainfall
Over a full year, São Francisco collects about 837 mm of rain across 91 wet days — roughly 70 mm in an average month.
It doesn’t fall evenly. December is the wettest month with 176 mm, while July is the driest at just 0 mm. The three wettest months alone bring about 57% of the year’s total.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rainfall (mm) | 138 | 103 | 123 | 43 | 11 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 10 | 63 | 166 | 176 |
| Rain days | 14 | 12 | 13 | 7 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 7 | 16 | 17 |
| Rainfall (mm) | Rain days | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 138 | 14 |
| Feb | 103 | 12 |
| Mar | 123 | 13 |
| Apr | 43 | 7 |
| May | 11 | 2 |
| Jun | 2 | 0 |
| Jul | 0 | 0 |
| Aug | 2 | 0 |
| Sep | 10 | 2 |
| Oct | 63 | 7 |
| Nov | 166 | 16 |
| Dec | 176 | 17 |
Clouds and sunshine
How often the daytime sky is clear, partly cloudy or overcast.
In São Francisco, the average share of the sky covered by clouds shows significant seasonal variation over the course of the year.
The clearer part of the year begins around April 9 and lasts for 6.3 months, ending around October 16. The clearest month is July, when the sky is clear, mostly clear, or partly cloudy 85% of the time on average.
The cloudier part of the year begins around October 17 and lasts for 5.7 months, ending around April 8. The cloudiest month is December, when it is overcast or mostly cloudy 72% of the time.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clearer (%) | 36 | 41 | 46 | 64 | 69 | 79 | 85 | 84 | 77 | 57 | 32 | 28 |
| Cloudier (%) | 64 | 59 | 54 | 36 | 31 | 21 | 15 | 16 | 23 | 43 | 68 | 72 |
| Clearer (%) | Cloudier (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 36 | 64 |
| Feb | 41 | 59 |
| Mar | 46 | 54 |
| Apr | 64 | 36 |
| May | 69 | 31 |
| Jun | 79 | 21 |
| Jul | 85 | 15 |
| Aug | 84 | 16 |
| Sep | 77 | 23 |
| Oct | 57 | 43 |
| Nov | 32 | 68 |
| Dec | 28 | 72 |
Daylight, sunrise and sunset
Hours of daylight through the year, with sunrise and sunset times.
The gold band is daylight — sunrise runs along its lower edge, sunset along the upper — so it widens toward summer and pinches toward winter, with night the dark area above and below. The longest day, around January 1, brings about 12 h 54 min of light; the shortest, around May 29, only 11 h 06 min — a swing of roughly 1 h 48 min.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Daylight (h) | 12.8 | 12.5 | 12.1 | 11.7 | 11.3 | 11.1 | 11.1 | 11.5 | 11.9 | 12.4 | 12.7 | 12.9 |
| Sunrise (AM) | 6:43 | 6:58 | 7:06 | 7:10 | 7:18 | 7:28 | 7:31 | 7:20 | 6:56 | 6:34 | 6:22 | 6:27 |
| Sunset (PM) | 7:34 | 7:30 | 7:12 | 6:49 | 6:33 | 6:31 | 6:39 | 6:47 | 6:51 | 6:55 | 7:07 | 7:24 |
| Daylight (h) | Sunrise (AM) | Sunset (PM) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 12.8 | 6:43 | 7:34 |
| Feb | 12.5 | 6:58 | 7:30 |
| Mar | 12.1 | 7:06 | 7:12 |
| Apr | 11.7 | 7:10 | 6:49 |
| May | 11.3 | 7:18 | 6:33 |
| Jun | 11.1 | 7:28 | 6:31 |
| Jul | 11.1 | 7:31 | 6:39 |
| Aug | 11.5 | 7:20 | 6:47 |
| Sep | 11.9 | 6:56 | 6:51 |
| Oct | 12.4 | 6:34 | 6:55 |
| Nov | 12.7 | 6:22 | 7:07 |
| Dec | 12.9 | 6:27 | 7:24 |
Sunny days
How many genuinely sunny days each month brings — days the sky stays clear or mostly clear — banded into plain-language zones.
São Francisco averages about 12 sunny days a month — counting the days the sky stays clear or mostly clear — with a clear seasonal swing between 3 and 21 days.
The sunnier stretch runs 6.1 months, from around Apr 16 to Oct 17. The sunniest month is August, with roughly 20 sunny days (bright).
The greyest month is November, down near 5 sunny days — about 77% fewer than the August peak.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sunny days | 7 | 7 | 9 | 13 | 15 | 18 | 20 | 21 | 18 | 12 | 5 | 5 |
| Sky | Gloomy | Mixed | Mixed | Mixed | Mixed | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Mixed | Gloomy | Gloomy |
| Sunny days | Sky | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 7 | Gloomy |
| Feb | 7 | Mixed |
| Mar | 9 | Mixed |
| Apr | 13 | Mixed |
| May | 15 | Mixed |
| Jun | 18 | Bright |
| Jul | 20 | Bright |
| Aug | 21 | Bright |
| Sep | 18 | Bright |
| Oct | 12 | Mixed |
| Nov | 5 | Gloomy |
| Dec | 5 | Gloomy |
Humidity comfort
Share of days at each humidity comfort level, based on the dew point — the measure that tracks how muggy it actually feels.
Humidity comfort is graded by the dew point — the temperature at which the air would be fully saturated — because it tracks how muggy it actually feels far better than relative humidity does. A low dew point feels dry and crisp; a high one feels sticky and oppressive no matter the reading on a humidity gauge.
In São Francisco, how humid it feels changes dramatically over the year.
The more humid part of the year lasts 6.7 months, from around October 27 to May 19. The muggiest month is March, when the air feels humid, muggy or worse about 99% of the time.
The most comfortable stretch runs from around May 20 to October 26, and August is the most comfortable month — the air is dry or comfortable 98% of the time.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dry (%) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 6 | 25 | 56 | 70 | 51 | 24 | 3 | 0 |
| Comfortable (%) | 5 | 3 | 1 | 7 | 31 | 56 | 42 | 28 | 33 | 28 | 10 | 3 |
| Humid (%) | 19 | 23 | 19 | 36 | 45 | 17 | 3 | 2 | 13 | 26 | 24 | 20 |
| Muggy (%) | 50 | 51 | 55 | 47 | 17 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 20 | 49 | 52 |
| Oppressive (%) | 26 | 24 | 25 | 10 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 13 | 26 |
| Dry (%) | Comfortable (%) | Humid (%) | Muggy (%) | Oppressive (%) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 0 | 5 | 19 | 50 | 26 |
| Feb | 0 | 3 | 23 | 51 | 24 |
| Mar | 0 | 1 | 19 | 55 | 25 |
| Apr | 0 | 7 | 36 | 47 | 10 |
| May | 6 | 31 | 45 | 17 | 0 |
| Jun | 25 | 56 | 17 | 1 | 0 |
| Jul | 56 | 42 | 3 | 0 | 0 |
| Aug | 70 | 28 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
| Sep | 51 | 33 | 13 | 4 | 0 |
| Oct | 24 | 28 | 26 | 20 | 2 |
| Nov | 3 | 10 | 24 | 49 | 13 |
| Dec | 0 | 3 | 20 | 52 | 26 |
Wind
Average wind speed through the year, banded into plain-language speed zones so a number reads as 'breezy' or 'calm' without knowing the scale.
This is the average sustained wind speed at the standard 10 metres above open ground — the steady flow a weather station reports, not the sharper gusts that come and go, which can run half again as fast. It's the number that says whether a place is generally breezy or calm.
Across the year, average wind speed in São Francisco is typically calm, near 9 km/h, and varies little with the seasons.
The windier part of the year lasts 5.3 months, from around May 28 to Nov 4. The windiest month is September, averaging about 11 km/h (calm).
The calmer part of the year runs from around Nov 5 to May 27, with March the calmest month at about 7 km/h.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wind speed (km/h) | 8 | 7 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 10 | 11 | 11 | 10 | 8 | 7 |
| Feels | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm |
| Wind speed (km/h) | Feels | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 8 | calm |
| Feb | 7 | calm |
| Mar | 7 | calm |
| Apr | 8 | calm |
| May | 9 | calm |
| Jun | 10 | calm |
| Jul | 10 | calm |
| Aug | 11 | calm |
| Sep | 11 | calm |
| Oct | 10 | calm |
| Nov | 8 | calm |
| Dec | 7 | calm |
Hazard calendar for São Francisco
When the seasonal hazards worth planning around — the rainy season, tropical-cyclone risk and dust haze — are active through the year.
São Francisco's rainy season runs November–March, when most of the year's rain falls.
Best time to visit São Francisco
To characterize how pleasant the weather is in São Francisco throughout the year, we compute two travel scores — one for general sightseeing, one for beach and pool weather.
Around mid August, São Francisco is still near the tail of its best-weather window — great conditions with the peak-season crowds already thinning.
Inferred from the travel-score curve; month-by-month visitor numbers are a planned addition.
The travel score favors clear, rainless days with daytime highs between 18°C and 28°C. Based on this score, the best time of year to visit São Francisco for general outdoor tourist activities is from late April to late August, with a peak score in the first week of July.
The travel score (filled area), and its constituents: the temperature score (red line), the cloud cover score (blue line), and the precipitation score (green line).
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Travel score (0–10) | 4.0 | 4.0 | 4.1 | 4.9 | 5.8 | 6.5 | 6.6 | 5.7 | 4.1 | 3.4 | 3.7 | 3.8 |
| Rating | fair | fair | fair | fair | good | good | good | good | fair | poor | fair | fair |
| Travel score (0–10) | Rating | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 4.0 | fair |
| Feb | 4.0 | fair |
| Mar | 4.1 | fair |
| Apr | 4.9 | fair |
| May | 5.8 | good |
| Jun | 6.5 | good |
| Jul | 6.6 | good |
| Aug | 5.7 | good |
| Sep | 4.1 | fair |
| Oct | 3.4 | poor |
| Nov | 3.7 | fair |
| Dec | 3.8 | fair |
The beach/pool score favors clear, rainless days with daytime highs between 24°C and 34°C. Based on this score, the best time of year to visit São Francisco for hot-weather activities is from mid April to late September, with a peak score in the second week of July.
The beach/pool score (filled area), and its constituents: the temperature score (red line), the cloud cover score (blue line), and the precipitation score (green line).
What to pack for São Francisco, by month
Month by month, what's worth putting in the bag — from the temperature range, rain chance, sun and wind. Tap a month for a quick packing note.
São Francisco packs about the same all year — highs hold near 34°C. Across the year the things worth having are light clothes and sun protection.
In October, São Francisco sees daytime highs around 34°C and nights near 22°C. Pack light clothes and sun protection. About 7 days see rain.
UV index (midday) in São Francisco by month
Clear-sky midday UV index through the year, shaded by the WHO exposure levels — how much sun protection each month calls for.
Under clear skies, the midday UV index in São Francisco peaks around February 16 at about 15 (extreme) — sunscreen, a hat and midday shade are essential. It bottoms out near July 11 at about 8 (very high).
The index reaches 3 or more — the level where the WHO recommends sun protection — every month of the year.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UV index (midday) | 14 | 15 | 14 | 12 | 9 | 8 | 8 | 10 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 13 |
| Level | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Very high | Very high | Very high | Very high | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme |
| UV index (midday) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 14 | Extreme |
| Feb | 15 | Extreme |
| Mar | 14 | Extreme |
| Apr | 12 | Extreme |
| May | 9 | Very high |
| Jun | 8 | Very high |
| Jul | 8 | Very high |
| Aug | 10 | Very high |
| Sep | 12 | Extreme |
| Oct | 13 | Extreme |
| Nov | 14 | Extreme |
| Dec | 13 | Extreme |
Average hourly UV index in São Francisco
Modeled clear-sky UV for every hour of every day — when in the day sun protection actually matters.
The whole year hour by hour: each column is a day, each row an hour, and the color is the modeled clear-sky UV index — the midday peak scaled down as the sun sits lower in the sky. Darker overlays mark night, lighter ones the civil-twilight hours around sunrise and sunset.
UV falls off far faster than brightness as the sun drops, so even in February the burn window is concentrated in the middle of the day: about 8.5 hours a day reach index 3 (protection recommended), and 7 hours reach 6 or more. Mornings and late afternoons stay comparatively gentle year round.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UV ≥ 3 (h/day) | 8.5 | 8.5 | 8 | 7.5 | 7 | 6.5 | 6.5 | 7 | 7.5 | 8.5 | 8.5 | 8.5 |
| UV ≥ 6 (h/day) | 6.5 | 7 | 6.5 | 6 | 4.5 | 4 | 3.5 | 5 | 5.5 | 6.5 | 7 | 6.5 |
| UV ≥ 3 (h/day) | UV ≥ 6 (h/day) | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 8.5 | 6.5 |
| Feb | 8.5 | 7 |
| Mar | 8 | 6.5 |
| Apr | 7.5 | 6 |
| May | 7 | 4.5 |
| Jun | 6.5 | 4 |
| Jul | 6.5 | 3.5 |
| Aug | 7 | 5 |
| Sep | 7.5 | 5.5 |
| Oct | 8.5 | 6.5 |
| Nov | 8.5 | 7 |
| Dec | 8.5 | 6.5 |
Growing season
São Francisco is frost-free year round — even the coldest nights rarely reach freezing, so there is no start or end to the growing season.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Frost-free chance (%) | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
| Frost nights | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Frost-free chance (%) | Frost nights | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 100 | 0 |
| Feb | 100 | 0 |
| Mar | 100 | 0 |
| Apr | 100 | 0 |
| May | 100 | 0 |
| Jun | 100 | 0 |
| Jul | 100 | 0 |
| Aug | 100 | 0 |
| Sep | 100 | 0 |
| Oct | 100 | 0 |
| Nov | 100 | 0 |
| Dec | 100 | 0 |
Growing degree days
Growing degree days tally heat above 10°C: each day adds however many degrees its average temperature runs over that threshold, and cold days add nothing. São Francisco banks about 5,849 degree days a year, and the running total — which growers use to time plantings and predict maturity — climbs fastest around October.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Growing degree days (°C·days) | 510 | 467 | 511 | 486 | 470 | 427 | 435 | 470 | 517 | 558 | 496 | 502 |
| Growing degree days (°C·days) | |
|---|---|
| Jan | 510 |
| Feb | 467 |
| Mar | 511 |
| Apr | 486 |
| May | 470 |
| Jun | 427 |
| Jul | 435 |
| Aug | 470 |
| Sep | 517 |
| Oct | 558 |
| Nov | 496 |
| Dec | 502 |
Solar energy
Average daily shortwave solar energy reaching the ground, banded into brightness zones so the number means something at a glance.
Solar energy is how much sunlight actually reaches the ground each day, measured in kilowatt-hours per square metre (kWh/m²) — the combined effect of how long the sun is up, how high it climbs, and how much cloud gets in the way. It's the raw fuel a solar panel has to work with: for scale, 1 kWh/m² a day is dim and wintry, while 7+ is desert-bright.
São Francisco receives about 5.6 kWh/m² a day of solar energy on average — bright — with a clear seasonal swing between 4.6 and 6.5 kWh/m².
The brighter stretch of the year lasts 3.2 months, from around Aug 17 to Nov 21. The brightest month is October, averaging about 6.4 kWh/m² (intense).
The dimmest month is June, down near 4.6 kWh/m² — roughly 28% less than the October peak.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | 6.2 | 6.3 | 5.6 | 5.3 | 4.8 | 4.5 | 4.8 | 5.6 | 6.3 | 6.4 | 5.7 | 5.9 |
| Level | Intense | Intense | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Intense | Intense | Bright | Bright |
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 6.2 | Intense |
| Feb | 6.3 | Intense |
| Mar | 5.6 | Bright |
| Apr | 5.3 | Bright |
| May | 4.8 | Bright |
| Jun | 4.5 | Bright |
| Jul | 4.8 | Bright |
| Aug | 5.6 | Bright |
| Sep | 6.3 | Intense |
| Oct | 6.4 | Intense |
| Nov | 5.7 | Bright |
| Dec | 5.9 | Bright |
Where is São Francisco?
São Francisco sits at 15.9°S, 44.9°W, 465 m above sea level, in Brazil. The nearest listed city is Brasília de Minas, 54 km away.
Topography around São Francisco
How much the land rises and falls, and what covers it, within 3, 16 and 80 km of São Francisco.
Within 3 km, the terrain around São Francisco has only modest variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 68 m around an average of 473 m above sea level; within 16 km, significant variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 258 m; within 80 km, significant variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 474 m.
The land around São Francisco is covered by grassland (27%) and artificial surfaces (20%) within 3 km, shrubs (34%), grassland (28%) and trees (24%) within 16 km, and shrubs (49%), grassland (24%) and trees (23%) within 80 km.
Brazil travel facts
- Travel advisory
- Level 2
- Exercise Increased Caution
- Power plugs
- Type C / N
- 127 / 220 V · 60 Hz
- Prices
- ≈ 46% of US
- price level, 2025
- GDP per capita
- $10,713
- 2025
- Happiness
- 6.6 / 10
- World Happiness, 2025
- Safe drinking water
- 89%
- of population, 2024
- Homicide rate
- 19.3
- per 100k, 2023
- Road deaths
- 16
- per 100k/yr, 2019
- Income group
- Upper middle
- World Bank
- English
- Low
- EF EPI 482
- Religion
Sources: World Bank, US State Department, World Happiness Report, WHO/UNICEF, EF EPI, CIA World Factbook.
Data sources
Temperature, precipitation, cloud, humidity, wind and solar figures are a 1991–2020 climatology for São Francisco (-15.9486°, -44.8644°, elevation 465 m), computed from hourly ERA5 reanalysis — contains modified Copernicus Climate Change Service information. Sun figures are astronomical calculations, not observations. City data © GeoNames, CC BY 4.0. Map outlines from Natural Earth (public domain); interactive map © Google. UV index is derived from CAMS (Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service) clear-sky UV data — contains modified Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service information. Topography is sampled from the Copernicus DEM GLO-90 elevation model (© ESA/Airbus) and ESA WorldCover 2021 land cover (CC BY 4.0).