Climate and average weather in Ende
In Ende, the weather is muggy, hot, wet, and partly cloudy and remarkably steady, with daytime highs holding near hot levels all year. The wettest stretch peaks around December.
Over the course of the year, the temperature in Ende typically varies from 22°C to 31°C, and is rarely below 20°C or above 33°C. October is the hottest month of the year, while February is the coldest.
Based on the travel score, the best time of year to visit Ende for warm-weather activities is from late May to late September.
- Hottest
- Oct
- 31°
- Coldest
- Feb
- 24°
- Wettest
- Dec
- 320 mm
- Driest
- Aug
- 10 mm
- Rain / yr
- 1831 mm
- 201 wet days
- Daylight
- 11.5–12.5 h
- shortest–longest
- Elevation
- 31 m
- 8.8°S
- Clearest
- Sep
- 46% cloud
Ende is capital of Ende Regency, Indonesia.
Air quality: WHO Ambient Air Quality Database. Density & description: Wikidata (CC0), GeoNames.
Ende weather by month, at a glance
The whole year in one picture — sky, rain, humidity, temperature and travel score. Click any band to jump to its full chart.
Each stripe is one measure across the whole year, stacked so a single day reads top to bottom. The sky band runs overcast grey on top down to clear blue at the base — more blue means sunnier — followed by the rainfall curve, the humidity band, a temperature strip that tints each stretch of the year by how warm its average high is, and the travel-score line at the foot. Scan straight down any date to read that day across every measure at once; the score climbs highest around late May to late September.
Temperature through the year
Daily average highs and lows in Ende, from 1991–2020 of climate data. The shaded bands show the range most days fall in — 10th to 90th percentile.
Temperatures in Ende stay fairly even through the year, without a distinct hot or cool season. The warmest month is October, with an average high of 31°C and low of 24°C; the coolest is February, with an average low of 24°C and high of 29°C.
Days typically run about 7°C warmer than nights year-round.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Avg high (°C) | 29 | 29 | 29 | 30 | 30 | 29 | 29 | 30 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 30 |
| Avg low (°C) | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 23 | 22 | 22 | 22 | 22 | 24 | 24 | 24 |
| Avg high (°C) | Avg low (°C) | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 29 | 24 |
| Feb | 29 | 24 |
| Mar | 29 | 24 |
| Apr | 30 | 24 |
| May | 30 | 23 |
| Jun | 29 | 22 |
| Jul | 29 | 22 |
| Aug | 30 | 22 |
| Sep | 31 | 22 |
| Oct | 31 | 24 |
| Nov | 31 | 24 |
| Dec | 30 | 24 |
How hot and cold Ende really feels
The felt-temperature range through the year — heat index on the day's high (summer humidity), wind chill on the night's low (winter wind). The dashed lines are the plain thermometer; the gap is how much hotter or colder it really feels.
On the hottest afternoons, once humidity is folded in, Ende feels like about 35°C (around November 9). About 278 days a year carry some heat stress, peaking in November.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Feels-like high (°C) | 33 | 32 | 33 | 34 | 33 | 32 | 31 | 31 | 33 | 34 | 35 | 34 |
| Air high (°C) | 29 | 29 | 29 | 30 | 30 | 29 | 29 | 30 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 30 |
| Feels-like low (°C) | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 23 | 22 | 22 | 22 | 22 | 24 | 24 | 24 |
| Air low (°C) | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 23 | 22 | 22 | 22 | 22 | 24 | 24 | 24 |
| Feels-like high (°C) | Air high (°C) | Feels-like low (°C) | Air low (°C) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 33 | 29 | 24 | 24 |
| Feb | 32 | 29 | 24 | 24 |
| Mar | 33 | 29 | 24 | 24 |
| Apr | 34 | 30 | 24 | 24 |
| May | 33 | 30 | 23 | 23 |
| Jun | 32 | 29 | 22 | 22 |
| Jul | 31 | 29 | 22 | 22 |
| Aug | 31 | 30 | 22 | 22 |
| Sep | 33 | 31 | 22 | 22 |
| Oct | 34 | 31 | 24 | 24 |
| Nov | 35 | 31 | 24 | 24 |
| Dec | 34 | 30 | 24 | 24 |
Average hourly temperature in Ende
A compact picture of the whole year, hour by hour: each column is a day, each row an hour, and the color is the modeled average temperature. Darker overlays mark night, lighter ones the civil-twilight hours around sunrise and sunset.
Read left to right for the day of the year and top to bottom for the hour of the day; the color is the modeled temperature, cool blues through to hot reds on the same scale as the other charts. A vertical slice is a single day's swing — coolest just before dawn, warmest in the mid-afternoon — while a horizontal slice follows one hour across the seasons. The darker overlay marks night and the lighter one the twilight around sunrise and sunset. Colors run warmest on October afternoons, near 31°C, and coldest before dawn in February, near 24°C.
Ende weather by month
Every month at a glance. Click a month for its detailed page.
| Month | High / Low (°C) | Rainfall (mm) | Wet days | Daylight (hours) | Travel score |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 29° / 24° | 312 | 30.1 | 12.5 | 2.8 |
| Feb | 29° / 24° | 300 | 27.2 | 12.3 | 2.8 |
| Mar | 29° / 24° | 287 | 27.7 | 12.1 | 3.1 |
| Apr | 30° / 24° | 173 | 21.2 | 11.8 | 3.6 |
| May | 30° / 23° | 83 | 12 | 11.6 | 4.7 |
| Jun | 29° / 22° | 37 | 7.7 | 11.5 | 5.5 |
| Jul | 29° / 22° | 23 | 4.9 | 11.5 | 6.0 |
| Aug | 30° / 22° | 10 | 3 | 11.7 | 6.0 |
| Sep | 31° / 22° | 24 | 4.3 | 11.9 | 5.4 |
| Oct | 31° / 24° | 68 | 10.9 | 12.2 | 4.3 |
| Nov | 31° / 24° | 195 | 22.6 | 12.4 | 3.2 |
| Dec | 30° / 24° | 320 | 29 | 12.5 | 2.8 |
Chance of rain
How likely it is to rain on a typical day, and how that shifts across the wetter and drier seasons.
Ende gets about 1831 mm of precipitation a year. On a typical day the chance of rain is very wet, but that rises and falls sharply with the seasons.
The wetter season lasts 5.6 months, from around Nov 4 to Apr 23, peaking in January at about 99% chance on a given day. The drier stretch runs the rest of the year, bottoming out around Aug 17.
December is the wettest month by volume, with 320 mm over about 29 wet days; August is the driest, with 10 mm.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rain on a day (%) | 97 | 97 | 90 | 69 | 39 | 27 | 16 | 9 | 15 | 36 | 74 | 93 |
| Rain days | 30 | 27 | 28 | 21 | 12 | 8 | 5 | 3 | 4 | 11 | 23 | 29 |
| Rain on a day (%) | Rain days | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 97 | 30 |
| Feb | 97 | 27 |
| Mar | 90 | 28 |
| Apr | 69 | 21 |
| May | 39 | 12 |
| Jun | 27 | 8 |
| Jul | 16 | 5 |
| Aug | 9 | 3 |
| Sep | 15 | 4 |
| Oct | 36 | 11 |
| Nov | 74 | 23 |
| Dec | 93 | 29 |
Monthly rainfall
Over a full year, Ende collects about 1831 mm of rain across 201 wet days — roughly 153 mm in an average month.
It doesn’t fall evenly. December is the wettest month with 320 mm, while August is the driest at just 10 mm. The three wettest months alone bring about 51% of the year’s total.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rainfall (mm) | 312 | 300 | 287 | 173 | 83 | 37 | 23 | 10 | 24 | 68 | 195 | 320 |
| Rain days | 30 | 27 | 28 | 21 | 12 | 8 | 5 | 3 | 4 | 11 | 23 | 29 |
| Rainfall (mm) | Rain days | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 312 | 30 |
| Feb | 300 | 27 |
| Mar | 287 | 28 |
| Apr | 173 | 21 |
| May | 83 | 12 |
| Jun | 37 | 8 |
| Jul | 23 | 5 |
| Aug | 10 | 3 |
| Sep | 24 | 4 |
| Oct | 68 | 11 |
| Nov | 195 | 23 |
| Dec | 320 | 29 |
Clouds and sunshine
How often the daytime sky is clear, partly cloudy or overcast.
In Ende, the average share of the sky covered by clouds shows significant seasonal variation over the course of the year.
The clearer part of the year begins around April 21 and lasts for 6.9 months, ending around November 16. The clearest month is September, when the sky is clear, mostly clear, or partly cloudy 66% of the time on average.
The cloudier part of the year begins around November 17 and lasts for 5.1 months, ending around April 20. The cloudiest month is February, when it is overcast or mostly cloudy 92% of the time.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clearer (%) | 9 | 8 | 21 | 36 | 51 | 52 | 58 | 65 | 66 | 60 | 40 | 13 |
| Cloudier (%) | 91 | 92 | 79 | 64 | 49 | 48 | 42 | 35 | 34 | 40 | 60 | 87 |
| Clearer (%) | Cloudier (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 9 | 91 |
| Feb | 8 | 92 |
| Mar | 21 | 79 |
| Apr | 36 | 64 |
| May | 51 | 49 |
| Jun | 52 | 48 |
| Jul | 58 | 42 |
| Aug | 65 | 35 |
| Sep | 66 | 34 |
| Oct | 60 | 40 |
| Nov | 40 | 60 |
| Dec | 13 | 87 |
Daylight, sunrise and sunset
Hours of daylight through the year, with sunrise and sunset times.
The gold band is daylight — sunrise runs along its lower edge, sunset along the upper — so it widens toward summer and pinches toward winter, with night the dark area above and below. The longest day, around January 1, brings about 12 h 30 min of light; the shortest, around May 26, only 11 h 30 min — a swing of roughly 1 hour.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Daylight (h) | 12.5 | 12.3 | 12.1 | 11.8 | 11.6 | 11.5 | 11.5 | 11.7 | 11.9 | 12.2 | 12.4 | 12.5 |
| Sunrise (AM) | 5:49 | 5:59 | 6:01 | 5:59 | 6:02 | 6:09 | 6:13 | 6:06 | 5:49 | 5:32 | 5:26 | 5:34 |
| Sunset (PM) | 6:17 | 6:17 | 6:05 | 5:48 | 5:38 | 5:38 | 5:45 | 5:49 | 5:46 | 5:44 | 5:51 | 6:05 |
| Daylight (h) | Sunrise (AM) | Sunset (PM) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 12.5 | 5:49 | 6:17 |
| Feb | 12.3 | 5:59 | 6:17 |
| Mar | 12.1 | 6:01 | 6:05 |
| Apr | 11.8 | 5:59 | 5:48 |
| May | 11.6 | 6:02 | 5:38 |
| Jun | 11.5 | 6:09 | 5:38 |
| Jul | 11.5 | 6:13 | 5:45 |
| Aug | 11.7 | 6:06 | 5:49 |
| Sep | 11.9 | 5:49 | 5:46 |
| Oct | 12.2 | 5:32 | 5:44 |
| Nov | 12.4 | 5:26 | 5:51 |
| Dec | 12.5 | 5:34 | 6:05 |
Sunny days
How many genuinely sunny days each month brings — days the sky stays clear or mostly clear — banded into plain-language zones.
Ende averages about 7 sunny days a month — counting the days the sky stays clear or mostly clear — with a clear seasonal swing between 0 and 14 days.
The sunnier stretch runs 6.8 months, from around Apr 24 to Nov 15. The sunniest month is September, with roughly 14 sunny days (mixed).
The greyest month is January, down near 1 sunny days — about 95% fewer than the September peak.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sunny days | 1 | 0 | 2 | 5 | 8 | 8 | 10 | 12 | 13 | 12 | 7 | 1 |
| Sky | Gloomy | Gloomy | Gloomy | Gloomy | Mixed | Mixed | Mixed | Mixed | Mixed | Mixed | Gloomy | Gloomy |
| Sunny days | Sky | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 1 | Gloomy |
| Feb | 0 | Gloomy |
| Mar | 2 | Gloomy |
| Apr | 5 | Gloomy |
| May | 8 | Mixed |
| Jun | 8 | Mixed |
| Jul | 10 | Mixed |
| Aug | 12 | Mixed |
| Sep | 13 | Mixed |
| Oct | 12 | Mixed |
| Nov | 7 | Gloomy |
| Dec | 1 | Gloomy |
Humidity comfort
Share of days at each humidity comfort level, based on the dew point — the measure that tracks how muggy it actually feels.
Humidity comfort is graded by the dew point — the temperature at which the air would be fully saturated — because it tracks how muggy it actually feels far better than relative humidity does. A low dew point feels dry and crisp; a high one feels sticky and oppressive no matter the reading on a humidity gauge.
Ende is humid all year round — on a typical day the air feels at least humid, and there is no real dry season to wait for.
The stickiest month is January, when it feels muggy, oppressive or miserable about 100% of the time. Even in August, the mildest month, the air is dry or comfortable only 1% of the time.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Comfortable (%) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Humid (%) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 7 | 18 | 28 | 13 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| Muggy (%) | 0 | 0 | 1 | 8 | 33 | 54 | 67 | 65 | 67 | 41 | 6 | 0 |
| Oppressive (%) | 99 | 97 | 95 | 90 | 63 | 39 | 15 | 7 | 19 | 58 | 91 | 94 |
| Miserable (%) | 1 | 3 | 4 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 6 |
| Comfortable (%) | Humid (%) | Muggy (%) | Oppressive (%) | Miserable (%) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 0 | 0 | 0 | 99 | 1 |
| Feb | 0 | 0 | 0 | 97 | 3 |
| Mar | 0 | 0 | 1 | 95 | 4 |
| Apr | 0 | 0 | 8 | 90 | 1 |
| May | 0 | 1 | 33 | 63 | 2 |
| Jun | 0 | 7 | 54 | 39 | 0 |
| Jul | 0 | 18 | 67 | 15 | 0 |
| Aug | 1 | 28 | 65 | 7 | 0 |
| Sep | 0 | 13 | 67 | 19 | 0 |
| Oct | 0 | 1 | 41 | 58 | 0 |
| Nov | 0 | 0 | 6 | 91 | 3 |
| Dec | 0 | 0 | 0 | 94 | 6 |
Wind
Average wind speed through the year, banded into plain-language speed zones so a number reads as 'breezy' or 'calm' without knowing the scale.
This is the average sustained wind speed at the standard 10 metres above open ground — the steady flow a weather station reports, not the sharper gusts that come and go, which can run half again as fast. It's the number that says whether a place is generally breezy or calm.
Wind in Ende is steady company: average speeds sit near 5 km/h — calm — in every month of the year, with no meaningful windy or calm season.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wind speed (km/h) | 4 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 5 | 4 | 4 |
| Feels | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm |
| Wind speed (km/h) | Feels | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 4 | calm |
| Feb | 5 | calm |
| Mar | 4 | calm |
| Apr | 4 | calm |
| May | 5 | calm |
| Jun | 6 | calm |
| Jul | 6 | calm |
| Aug | 6 | calm |
| Sep | 6 | calm |
| Oct | 5 | calm |
| Nov | 4 | calm |
| Dec | 4 | calm |
Hazard calendar for Ende
When the seasonal hazards worth planning around — the rainy season, tropical-cyclone risk and dust haze — are active through the year.
Ende sits in the South Indian Ocean cyclone belt; the season peaks January–March.
Ende's monsoon runs November–April, when most of the year's rain falls.
Best time to visit Ende
To characterize how pleasant the weather is in Ende throughout the year, we compute two travel scores — one for general sightseeing, one for beach and pool weather.
Around late September, Ende is still near the tail of its best-weather window — great conditions with the peak-season crowds already thinning.
Inferred from the travel-score curve; month-by-month visitor numbers are a planned addition.
The travel score favors clear, rainless days with daytime highs between 18°C and 28°C. Based on this score, the best time of year to visit Ende for general outdoor tourist activities is from late May to late September, with a peak score in the last week of July.
The travel score (filled area), and its constituents: the temperature score (red line), the cloud cover score (blue line), and the precipitation score (green line).
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Travel score (0–10) | 2.8 | 2.8 | 3.1 | 3.6 | 4.7 | 5.5 | 6.0 | 6.0 | 5.4 | 4.3 | 3.2 | 2.8 |
| Rating | poor | poor | poor | fair | fair | fair | good | good | fair | fair | poor | poor |
| Travel score (0–10) | Rating | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 2.8 | poor |
| Feb | 2.8 | poor |
| Mar | 3.1 | poor |
| Apr | 3.6 | fair |
| May | 4.7 | fair |
| Jun | 5.5 | fair |
| Jul | 6.0 | good |
| Aug | 6.0 | good |
| Sep | 5.4 | fair |
| Oct | 4.3 | fair |
| Nov | 3.2 | poor |
| Dec | 2.8 | poor |
The beach/pool score favors clear, rainless days with daytime highs between 24°C and 34°C. Based on this score, the best time of year to visit Ende for hot-weather activities is from late May to mid October, with a peak score in the third week of August.
The beach/pool score (filled area), and its constituents: the temperature score (red line), the cloud cover score (blue line), and the precipitation score (green line).
What to pack for Ende, by month
Month by month, what's worth putting in the bag — from the temperature range, rain chance, sun and wind. Tap a month for a quick packing note.
Ende packs about the same all year — highs hold near 31°C. Across the year the things worth having are light clothes, rain gear and sun protection.
In October, Ende sees daytime highs around 31°C and nights near 24°C. Pack light clothes and sun protection. Worth having: rain gear. About 11 days see rain.
Sea temperature near Ende
Average ocean temperature at the nearest coast, month by month, banded into swim-comfort zones — the other half of the beach question.
The sea offshore is warmest in December at about 30°C and coldest in August near 26°C.
The water stays above 20°C all year — warm enough for a swim any month.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sea temperature (°C) | 29 | 29 | 29 | 29 | 28 | 27 | 27 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 |
| Comfort | Tropical | Tropical | Tropical | Tropical | Tropical | Warm | Warm | Warm | Warm | Tropical | Tropical | Tropical |
| Sea temperature (°C) | Comfort | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 29 | Tropical |
| Feb | 29 | Tropical |
| Mar | 29 | Tropical |
| Apr | 29 | Tropical |
| May | 28 | Tropical |
| Jun | 27 | Warm |
| Jul | 27 | Warm |
| Aug | 26 | Warm |
| Sep | 27 | Warm |
| Oct | 28 | Tropical |
| Nov | 29 | Tropical |
| Dec | 30 | Tropical |
UV index (midday) in Ende by month
Clear-sky midday UV index through the year, shaded by the WHO exposure levels — how much sun protection each month calls for.
Under clear skies, the midday UV index in Ende peaks around March 11 at about 15 (extreme) — sunscreen, a hat and midday shade are essential. It bottoms out near July 10 at about 10 (very high).
The index reaches 3 or more — the level where the WHO recommends sun protection — every month of the year.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UV index (midday) | 13 | 15 | 15 | 14 | 11 | 10 | 10 | 12 | 14 | 13 | 12 | 13 |
| Level | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Very high | Very high | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme |
| UV index (midday) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 13 | Extreme |
| Feb | 15 | Extreme |
| Mar | 15 | Extreme |
| Apr | 14 | Extreme |
| May | 11 | Extreme |
| Jun | 10 | Very high |
| Jul | 10 | Very high |
| Aug | 12 | Extreme |
| Sep | 14 | Extreme |
| Oct | 13 | Extreme |
| Nov | 12 | Extreme |
| Dec | 13 | Extreme |
Average hourly UV index in Ende
Modeled clear-sky UV for every hour of every day — when in the day sun protection actually matters.
The whole year hour by hour: each column is a day, each row an hour, and the color is the modeled clear-sky UV index — the midday peak scaled down as the sun sits lower in the sky. Darker overlays mark night, lighter ones the civil-twilight hours around sunrise and sunset.
UV falls off far faster than brightness as the sun drops, so even in March the burn window is concentrated in the middle of the day: about 8.5 hours a day reach index 3 (protection recommended), and 6.5 hours reach 6 or more. Mornings and late afternoons stay comparatively gentle year round.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UV ≥ 3 (h/day) | 8.5 | 8.5 | 8.5 | 8 | 7.5 | 7 | 7 | 7.5 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 |
| UV ≥ 6 (h/day) | 6.5 | 6.5 | 6.5 | 6 | 5.5 | 5 | 5 | 6 | 6.5 | 6 | 6 | 6.5 |
| UV ≥ 3 (h/day) | UV ≥ 6 (h/day) | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 8.5 | 6.5 |
| Feb | 8.5 | 6.5 |
| Mar | 8.5 | 6.5 |
| Apr | 8 | 6 |
| May | 7.5 | 5.5 |
| Jun | 7 | 5 |
| Jul | 7 | 5 |
| Aug | 7.5 | 6 |
| Sep | 8 | 6.5 |
| Oct | 8 | 6 |
| Nov | 8 | 6 |
| Dec | 8 | 6.5 |
Growing season
Ende is frost-free year round — even the coldest nights rarely reach freezing, so there is no start or end to the growing season.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Frost-free chance (%) | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
| Frost nights | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Frost-free chance (%) | Frost nights | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 100 | 0 |
| Feb | 100 | 0 |
| Mar | 100 | 0 |
| Apr | 100 | 0 |
| May | 100 | 0 |
| Jun | 100 | 0 |
| Jul | 100 | 0 |
| Aug | 100 | 0 |
| Sep | 100 | 0 |
| Oct | 100 | 0 |
| Nov | 100 | 0 |
| Dec | 100 | 0 |
Growing degree days
Growing degree days tally heat above 10°C: each day adds however many degrees its average temperature runs over that threshold, and cold days add nothing. Ende banks about 6,030 degree days a year, and the running total — which growers use to time plantings and predict maturity — climbs fastest around November.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Growing degree days (°C·days) | 513 | 458 | 511 | 502 | 517 | 476 | 478 | 486 | 496 | 540 | 527 | 526 |
| Growing degree days (°C·days) | |
|---|---|
| Jan | 513 |
| Feb | 458 |
| Mar | 511 |
| Apr | 502 |
| May | 517 |
| Jun | 476 |
| Jul | 478 |
| Aug | 486 |
| Sep | 496 |
| Oct | 540 |
| Nov | 527 |
| Dec | 526 |
Solar energy
Average daily shortwave solar energy reaching the ground, banded into brightness zones so the number means something at a glance.
Solar energy is how much sunlight actually reaches the ground each day, measured in kilowatt-hours per square metre (kWh/m²) — the combined effect of how long the sun is up, how high it climbs, and how much cloud gets in the way. It's the raw fuel a solar panel has to work with: for scale, 1 kWh/m² a day is dim and wintry, while 7+ is desert-bright.
Ende receives about 5.7 kWh/m² a day of solar energy on average — bright — with a clear seasonal swing between 4.9 and 6.8 kWh/m².
The brighter stretch of the year lasts 3.8 months, from around Aug 10 to Dec 3. The brightest month is October, averaging about 6.7 kWh/m² (intense).
The dimmest month is June, down near 4.9 kWh/m² — roughly 27% less than the October peak.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | 5.4 | 5.4 | 5.6 | 5.5 | 5.2 | 4.9 | 5.1 | 5.8 | 6.5 | 6.8 | 6.3 | 5.4 |
| Level | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Intense | Intense | Intense | Bright |
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 5.4 | Bright |
| Feb | 5.4 | Bright |
| Mar | 5.6 | Bright |
| Apr | 5.5 | Bright |
| May | 5.2 | Bright |
| Jun | 4.9 | Bright |
| Jul | 5.1 | Bright |
| Aug | 5.8 | Bright |
| Sep | 6.5 | Intense |
| Oct | 6.8 | Intense |
| Nov | 6.3 | Intense |
| Dec | 5.4 | Bright |
Where is Ende?
Ende sits at 8.8°S, 121.7°E, 31 m above sea level, in Indonesia. The nearest listed city is Maumere, 65 km away.
Topography around Ende
How much the land rises and falls, and what covers it, within 3, 16 and 80 km of Ende.
Within 3 km, the terrain around Ende has large variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 714 m around an average of 82 m above sea level; within 16 km, very significant variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 1,623 m; within 80 km, very significant variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 2,150 m.
The land around Ende is covered by trees (52%), water (26%) and artificial surfaces (20%) within 3 km, trees (50%) and water (48%) within 16 km, and water (65%) and trees (30%) within 80 km.
Indonesia travel facts
- Travel advisory
- Level 2
- Exercise Increased Caution
- Power plugs
- Type C / F
- 230 V · 50 Hz
- Prices
- ≈ 29% of US
- price level, 2025
- GDP per capita
- $5,060
- 2025
- Happiness
- 5.6 / 10
- World Happiness, 2025
- Safe drinking water
- 30%
- of population, 2024
- Homicide rate
- 0.3
- per 100k, 2022
- Road deaths
- 11.3
- per 100k/yr, 2019
- Income group
- Upper middle
- World Bank
- English
- Low
- EF EPI 471
- Religion
Sources: World Bank, US State Department, World Happiness Report, WHO/UNICEF, EF EPI, CIA World Factbook.
Data sources
Temperature, precipitation, cloud, humidity, wind and solar figures are a 1991–2020 climatology for Ende (-8.8432°, 121.6623°, elevation 31 m), computed from hourly ERA5 reanalysis — contains modified Copernicus Climate Change Service information. Sun figures are astronomical calculations, not observations. City data © GeoNames, CC BY 4.0. Map outlines from Natural Earth (public domain); interactive map © Google. Tropical-cyclone seasons are the published climatological basin seasons (NOAA National Hurricane Center / regional warning centres). Sea temperatures are the NOAA OISST v2.1 1991–2020 monthly climatology (public domain), sampled at the nearest ocean point. UV index is derived from CAMS (Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service) clear-sky UV data — contains modified Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service information. Topography is sampled from the Copernicus DEM GLO-90 elevation model (© ESA/Airbus) and ESA WorldCover 2021 land cover (CC BY 4.0).