Climate and average weather in San Cataldo
In San Cataldo, the summers are hot, dry, and clear and the winters are cool and partly cloudy.
Over the course of the year, the temperature in San Cataldo typically varies from 3°C to 30°C, and is rarely below -1°C or above 34°C. August is the hottest month of the year, while January is the coldest.
Based on the travel score, the best times of year to visit San Cataldo for warm-weather activities are from late April to late July and late August to early November.
- Hottest
- Aug
- 30°
- Coldest
- Jan
- 3°
- Wettest
- Oct
- 62 mm
- Driest
- Jul
- 5 mm
- Rain / yr
- 465 mm
- 74 wet days
- Daylight
- 9.4–14.6 h
- shortest–longest
- Elevation
- 625 m
- 37.5°N
- Clearest
- Jul
- 10% cloud
San Cataldo is chief town of the homonym municipality.
Air quality: WHO Ambient Air Quality Database. Density & description: Wikidata (CC0), GeoNames.
San Cataldo weather by month, at a glance
The whole year in one picture — sky, rain, humidity, temperature and travel score. Click any band to jump to its full chart.
Each stripe is one measure across the whole year, stacked so a single day reads top to bottom. The sky band runs overcast grey on top down to clear blue at the base — more blue means sunnier — followed by the rainfall curve, the humidity band, a temperature strip that tints each stretch of the year by how warm its average high is, and the travel-score line at the foot. Scan straight down any date to read that day across every measure at once; the score climbs highest around late April to late July.
Temperature through the year
Daily average highs and lows in San Cataldo, from 1991–2020 of climate data. The shaded bands show the range most days fall in — 10th to 90th percentile.
The hot season lasts 3.4 months, from June 8 to September 18, with daily high temperatures above 26°C. The hottest month of the year in San Cataldo is August, with an average high of 30°C and low of 19°C.
The cool season lasts 4.1 months, from November 25 to March 28, with daily high temperatures below 16°C. The coldest month of the year in San Cataldo is January, with an average low of 3°C and high of 12°C.
Days typically run about 10°C warmer than nights, with the widest day–night swing (around 12°C) in July.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Avg high (°C) | 12 | 13 | 15 | 18 | 23 | 27 | 30 | 30 | 26 | 22 | 17 | 13 |
| Avg low (°C) | 3 | 3 | 5 | 8 | 12 | 16 | 18 | 19 | 16 | 13 | 8 | 5 |
| Avg high (°C) | Avg low (°C) | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 12 | 3 |
| Feb | 13 | 3 |
| Mar | 15 | 5 |
| Apr | 18 | 8 |
| May | 23 | 12 |
| Jun | 27 | 16 |
| Jul | 30 | 18 |
| Aug | 30 | 19 |
| Sep | 26 | 16 |
| Oct | 22 | 13 |
| Nov | 17 | 8 |
| Dec | 13 | 5 |
Average hourly temperature in San Cataldo
A compact picture of the whole year, hour by hour: each column is a day, each row an hour, and the color is the modeled average temperature. Darker overlays mark night, lighter ones the civil-twilight hours around sunrise and sunset.
Read left to right for the day of the year and top to bottom for the hour of the day; the color is the modeled temperature, cool blues through to hot reds on the same scale as the other charts. A vertical slice is a single day's swing — coolest just before dawn, warmest in the mid-afternoon — while a horizontal slice follows one hour across the seasons. The darker overlay marks night and the lighter one the twilight around sunrise and sunset. Colors run warmest on August afternoons, near 30°C, and coldest before dawn in January, near 3°C.
San Cataldo weather by month
Every month at a glance. Click a month for its detailed page.
| Month | High / Low (°C) | Rainfall (mm) | Wet days | Daylight (hours) | Travel score |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 12° / 3° | 53 | 8 | 9.7 | 3.5 |
| Feb | 13° / 3° | 53 | 8.1 | 10.6 | 3.6 |
| Mar | 15° / 5° | 49 | 8.6 | 11.7 | 4.7 |
| Apr | 18° / 8° | 47 | 8.3 | 12.9 | 6.1 |
| May | 23° / 12° | 25 | 4.6 | 14 | 7.9 |
| Jun | 27° / 16° | 17 | 3.3 | 14.5 | 7.7 |
| Jul | 30° / 18° | 5 | 1 | 14.3 | 6.6 |
| Aug | 30° / 19° | 11 | 2.4 | 13.4 | 6.3 |
| Sep | 26° / 16° | 37 | 5.8 | 12.3 | 7.6 |
| Oct | 22° / 13° | 62 | 7.4 | 11 | 7.4 |
| Nov | 17° / 8° | 56 | 8.1 | 10 | 5.9 |
| Dec | 13° / 5° | 51 | 7.9 | 9.5 | 4.1 |
Chance of rain
How likely it is to rain on a typical day, and how that shifts across the wetter and drier seasons.
San Cataldo gets about 465 mm of precipitation a year. On a typical day the chance of rain is some rain, but that rises and falls sharply with the seasons.
The wetter season lasts 7.5 months, from around Sep 17 to May 3, peaking in March at about 31% chance on a given day. The drier stretch runs the rest of the year, bottoming out around Jul 13.
October is the wettest month by volume, with 62 mm over about 7 wet days; July is the driest, with 5 mm.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rain on a day (%) | 26 | 30 | 28 | 26 | 16 | 11 | 4 | 8 | 19 | 24 | 27 | 25 |
| Rain days | 8 | 8 | 9 | 8 | 5 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 8 |
| Rain on a day (%) | Rain days | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 26 | 8 |
| Feb | 30 | 8 |
| Mar | 28 | 9 |
| Apr | 26 | 8 |
| May | 16 | 5 |
| Jun | 11 | 3 |
| Jul | 4 | 1 |
| Aug | 8 | 2 |
| Sep | 19 | 6 |
| Oct | 24 | 7 |
| Nov | 27 | 8 |
| Dec | 25 | 8 |
Monthly rainfall
Over a full year, San Cataldo collects about 465 mm of rain across 74 wet days — roughly 39 mm in an average month.
It doesn’t fall evenly. October is the wettest month with 62 mm, while July is the driest at just 5 mm. The three wettest months alone bring about 37% of the year’s total.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rainfall (mm) | 53 | 53 | 49 | 47 | 25 | 17 | 5 | 11 | 37 | 62 | 56 | 51 |
| Rain days | 8 | 8 | 9 | 8 | 5 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 8 |
| Rainfall (mm) | Rain days | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 53 | 8 |
| Feb | 53 | 8 |
| Mar | 49 | 9 |
| Apr | 47 | 8 |
| May | 25 | 5 |
| Jun | 17 | 3 |
| Jul | 5 | 1 |
| Aug | 11 | 2 |
| Sep | 37 | 6 |
| Oct | 62 | 7 |
| Nov | 56 | 8 |
| Dec | 51 | 8 |
Clouds and sunshine
How often the daytime sky is clear, partly cloudy or overcast.
In San Cataldo, the average share of the sky covered by clouds shows significant seasonal variation over the course of the year.
The clearer part of the year begins around May 6 and lasts for 4.8 months, ending around September 29. The clearest month is July, when the sky is clear, mostly clear, or partly cloudy 99% of the time on average.
The cloudier part of the year begins around September 30 and lasts for 7.2 months, ending around May 5. The cloudiest month is January, when it is overcast or mostly cloudy 45% of the time.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clearer (%) | 55 | 58 | 63 | 66 | 74 | 87 | 99 | 96 | 79 | 66 | 59 | 57 |
| Cloudier (%) | 45 | 42 | 37 | 34 | 26 | 13 | 1 | 4 | 21 | 34 | 41 | 43 |
| Clearer (%) | Cloudier (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 55 | 45 |
| Feb | 58 | 42 |
| Mar | 63 | 37 |
| Apr | 66 | 34 |
| May | 74 | 26 |
| Jun | 87 | 13 |
| Jul | 99 | 1 |
| Aug | 96 | 4 |
| Sep | 79 | 21 |
| Oct | 66 | 34 |
| Nov | 59 | 41 |
| Dec | 57 | 43 |
Daylight, sunrise and sunset
Hours of daylight through the year, with sunrise and sunset times.
The gold band is daylight — sunrise runs along its lower edge, sunset along the upper — so it widens toward summer and pinches toward winter, with night the dark area above and below. The longest day, around June 14, brings about 14 h 36 min of light; the shortest, around December 13, only 9 h 24 min — a swing of roughly 5 h 12 min.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Daylight (h) | 9.7 | 10.6 | 11.7 | 12.9 | 14.0 | 14.5 | 14.3 | 13.4 | 12.3 | 11.0 | 10.0 | 9.5 |
| Sunrise (AM) | 7:23 | 7:02 | 6:23 | 5:35 | 5:00 | 4:47 | 4:59 | 5:25 | 5:51 | 6:19 | 6:51 | 7:17 |
| Sunset (PM) | 5:04 | 5:36 | 6:05 | 6:33 | 7:01 | 7:21 | 7:20 | 6:52 | 6:05 | 5:20 | 4:48 | 4:43 |
| Daylight (h) | Sunrise (AM) | Sunset (PM) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 9.7 | 7:23 | 5:04 |
| Feb | 10.6 | 7:02 | 5:36 |
| Mar | 11.7 | 6:23 | 6:05 |
| Apr | 12.9 | 5:35 | 6:33 |
| May | 14.0 | 5:00 | 7:01 |
| Jun | 14.5 | 4:47 | 7:21 |
| Jul | 14.3 | 4:59 | 7:20 |
| Aug | 13.4 | 5:25 | 6:52 |
| Sep | 12.3 | 5:51 | 6:05 |
| Oct | 11.0 | 6:19 | 5:20 |
| Nov | 10.0 | 6:51 | 4:48 |
| Dec | 9.5 | 7:17 | 4:43 |
Sunny days
How many genuinely sunny days each month brings — days the sky stays clear or mostly clear — banded into plain-language zones.
San Cataldo averages about 17 sunny days a month — counting the days the sky stays clear or mostly clear — with a clear seasonal swing between 10 and 29 days.
The sunnier stretch runs 4.5 months, from around May 9 to Sep 22. The sunniest month is July, with roughly 29 sunny days (brilliant).
The greyest month is December, down near 10 sunny days — about 64% fewer than the July peak.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sunny days | 11 | 11 | 13 | 14 | 17 | 23 | 29 | 27 | 18 | 14 | 12 | 11 |
| Sky | Mixed | Mixed | Mixed | Mixed | Bright | Brilliant | Brilliant | Brilliant | Bright | Mixed | Mixed | Mixed |
| Sunny days | Sky | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 11 | Mixed |
| Feb | 11 | Mixed |
| Mar | 13 | Mixed |
| Apr | 14 | Mixed |
| May | 17 | Bright |
| Jun | 23 | Brilliant |
| Jul | 29 | Brilliant |
| Aug | 27 | Brilliant |
| Sep | 18 | Bright |
| Oct | 14 | Mixed |
| Nov | 12 | Mixed |
| Dec | 11 | Mixed |
Humidity comfort
Share of days at each humidity comfort level, based on the dew point — the measure that tracks how muggy it actually feels.
Humidity comfort is graded by the dew point — the temperature at which the air would be fully saturated — because it tracks how muggy it actually feels far better than relative humidity does. A low dew point feels dry and crisp; a high one feels sticky and oppressive no matter the reading on a humidity gauge.
In San Cataldo, how humid it feels changes dramatically over the year.
The more humid part of the year lasts 3.7 months, from around June 27 to October 18. The muggiest month is August, when the air feels humid, muggy or worse about 38% of the time.
The most comfortable stretch runs from around October 19 to June 26, and April is the most comfortable month — the air is dry or comfortable 100% of the time.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dry (%) | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 93 | 65 | 35 | 21 | 26 | 54 | 90 | 99 |
| Comfortable (%) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 7 | 31 | 46 | 41 | 41 | 35 | 9 | 1 |
| Humid (%) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 19 | 34 | 30 | 10 | 1 | 0 |
| Muggy (%) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 4 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Dry (%) | Comfortable (%) | Humid (%) | Muggy (%) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 100 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Feb | 100 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Mar | 100 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Apr | 100 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| May | 93 | 7 | 0 | 0 |
| Jun | 65 | 31 | 5 | 0 |
| Jul | 35 | 46 | 19 | 1 |
| Aug | 21 | 41 | 34 | 4 |
| Sep | 26 | 41 | 30 | 3 |
| Oct | 54 | 35 | 10 | 0 |
| Nov | 90 | 9 | 1 | 0 |
| Dec | 99 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
Wind
Average wind speed through the year, banded into plain-language speed zones so a number reads as 'breezy' or 'calm' without knowing the scale.
This is the average sustained wind speed at the standard 10 metres above open ground — the steady flow a weather station reports, not the sharper gusts that come and go, which can run half again as fast. It's the number that says whether a place is generally breezy or calm.
Wind in San Cataldo is steady company: average speeds sit near 9 km/h — calm — in every month of the year, with no meaningful windy or calm season.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wind speed (km/h) | 9 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 9 | 8 | 8 | 7 | 8 | 8 | 9 | 9 |
| Feels | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm |
| Wind speed (km/h) | Feels | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 9 | calm |
| Feb | 10 | calm |
| Mar | 10 | calm |
| Apr | 10 | calm |
| May | 9 | calm |
| Jun | 8 | calm |
| Jul | 8 | calm |
| Aug | 7 | calm |
| Sep | 8 | calm |
| Oct | 8 | calm |
| Nov | 9 | calm |
| Dec | 9 | calm |
Best time to visit San Cataldo
To characterize how pleasant the weather is in San Cataldo throughout the year, we compute two travel scores — one for general sightseeing, one for beach and pool weather.
Around mid July, San Cataldo is still near the tail of its best-weather window — great conditions with the peak-season crowds already thinning.
Inferred from the travel-score curve; month-by-month visitor numbers are a planned addition.
The travel score favors clear, rainless days with daytime highs between 18°C and 28°C. Based on this score, the best times of year to visit San Cataldo for general outdoor tourist activities run from late April to late July and again from late August to early November, with a peak score in the last week of May.
The travel score (filled area), and its constituents: the temperature score (red line), the cloud cover score (blue line), and the precipitation score (green line).
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Travel score (0–10) | 3.5 | 3.5 | 4.7 | 6.2 | 7.9 | 7.7 | 6.6 | 6.4 | 7.5 | 7.4 | 5.9 | 4.1 |
| Rating | poor | fair | fair | good | ideal | ideal | good | good | ideal | good | good | fair |
| Travel score (0–10) | Rating | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 3.5 | poor |
| Feb | 3.5 | fair |
| Mar | 4.7 | fair |
| Apr | 6.2 | good |
| May | 7.9 | ideal |
| Jun | 7.7 | ideal |
| Jul | 6.6 | good |
| Aug | 6.4 | good |
| Sep | 7.5 | ideal |
| Oct | 7.4 | good |
| Nov | 5.9 | good |
| Dec | 4.1 | fair |
The beach/pool score favors clear, rainless days with daytime highs between 24°C and 34°C. Based on this score, the best time of year to visit San Cataldo for hot-weather activities is from early June to mid September, with a peak score in the second week of July.
The beach/pool score (filled area), and its constituents: the temperature score (red line), the cloud cover score (blue line), and the precipitation score (green line).
What to pack for San Cataldo, by month
Month by month, what's worth putting in the bag — from the temperature range, rain chance, sun and wind. Tap a month for a quick packing note.
For a warm-season trip around August (highs near 30°C), the essentials are light clothes and sun protection. In the cold season around January (highs near 12°C), pack a warm layer and rain gear.
In August, San Cataldo sees daytime highs around 30°C and nights near 19°C. Pack light clothes and sun protection.
Sea temperature near San Cataldo
Average ocean temperature at the nearest coast, month by month, banded into swim-comfort zones — the other half of the beach question.
The sea at the nearest coast (about 41 km away) is warmest in August at about 26°C and coldest in February near 15°C.
It's comfortable for a long swim from Jun 5 to Nov 12 — about 5.3 months when the water holds above 20°C.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sea temperature (°C) | 15 | 15 | 15 | 16 | 18 | 21 | 24 | 26 | 24 | 22 | 20 | 17 |
| Comfort | Cool | Bracing | Bracing | Cool | Cool | Refreshing | Refreshing | Warm | Warm | Refreshing | Cool | Cool |
| Sea temperature (°C) | Comfort | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 15 | Cool |
| Feb | 15 | Bracing |
| Mar | 15 | Bracing |
| Apr | 16 | Cool |
| May | 18 | Cool |
| Jun | 21 | Refreshing |
| Jul | 24 | Refreshing |
| Aug | 26 | Warm |
| Sep | 24 | Warm |
| Oct | 22 | Refreshing |
| Nov | 20 | Cool |
| Dec | 17 | Cool |
UV index (midday) in San Cataldo by month
Clear-sky midday UV index through the year, shaded by the WHO exposure levels — how much sun protection each month calls for.
Under clear skies, the midday UV index in San Cataldo peaks around July 15 at about 10 (extreme) — sunscreen, a hat and midday shade are essential. It bottoms out near December 21 at about 2 (low).
The index reaches 3 or more — the level where the WHO recommends sun protection — in 9 months of the year.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UV index (midday) | 2 | 4 | 6 | 5 | 5 | 9 | 10 | 9 | 7 | 5 | 3 | 2 |
| Level | Moderate | Moderate | High | Moderate | High | Very high | Extreme | Very high | High | High | Moderate | Low |
| UV index (midday) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 2 | Moderate |
| Feb | 4 | Moderate |
| Mar | 6 | High |
| Apr | 5 | Moderate |
| May | 5 | High |
| Jun | 9 | Very high |
| Jul | 10 | Extreme |
| Aug | 9 | Very high |
| Sep | 7 | High |
| Oct | 5 | High |
| Nov | 3 | Moderate |
| Dec | 2 | Low |
Average hourly UV index in San Cataldo
Modeled clear-sky UV for every hour of every day — when in the day sun protection actually matters.
The whole year hour by hour: each column is a day, each row an hour, and the color is the modeled clear-sky UV index — the midday peak scaled down as the sun sits lower in the sky. Darker overlays mark night, lighter ones the civil-twilight hours around sunrise and sunset.
UV falls off far faster than brightness as the sun drops, so even in July the burn window is concentrated in the middle of the day: about 8.5 hours a day reach index 3 (protection recommended), and 6 hours reach 6 or more. Mornings and late afternoons stay comparatively gentle year round.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UV ≥ 3 (h/day) | 0 | 3.5 | 5.5 | 5 | 6.5 | 8.5 | 8.5 | 7.5 | 6.5 | 5 | 0 | 0 |
| UV ≥ 6 (h/day) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5.5 | 6 | 4.5 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| UV ≥ 3 (h/day) | UV ≥ 6 (h/day) | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 0 | 0 |
| Feb | 3.5 | 0 |
| Mar | 5.5 | 0 |
| Apr | 5 | 0 |
| May | 6.5 | 0 |
| Jun | 8.5 | 5.5 |
| Jul | 8.5 | 6 |
| Aug | 7.5 | 4.5 |
| Sep | 6.5 | 3 |
| Oct | 5 | 0 |
| Nov | 0 | 0 |
| Dec | 0 | 0 |
Air quality in San Cataldo by month
Average fine-particle pollution (PM2.5) through the year — so you can see which months the air is worst, not just the yearly average.
Air quality in San Cataldo is worst in April — around 17 µg/m³ PM2.5 (moderate), about 1.6× the cleanest month (December, 11 µg/m³).
Modeled monthly averages (CAMS reanalysis, 2015–2024).
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PM2.5 (µg/m³) | 12 | 14 | 16 | 17 | 16 | 15 | 14 | 14 | 13 | 13 | 11 | 11 |
| Level | Good | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Good | Good |
| PM2.5 (µg/m³) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 12 | Good |
| Feb | 14 | Moderate |
| Mar | 16 | Moderate |
| Apr | 17 | Moderate |
| May | 16 | Moderate |
| Jun | 15 | Moderate |
| Jul | 14 | Moderate |
| Aug | 14 | Moderate |
| Sep | 13 | Moderate |
| Oct | 13 | Moderate |
| Nov | 11 | Good |
| Dec | 11 | Good |
Growing season
San Cataldo is mild enough that a frost-free day stays more likely than not even in midwinter. Nights are reliably above freezing from about February 26 to December 26 (304 days); outside that window a hard frost is an occasional risk.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Frost-free chance (%) | 86 | 86 | 96 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 94 |
| Frost nights | 31 | 25 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 |
| Frost-free chance (%) | Frost nights | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 86 | 31 |
| Feb | 86 | 25 |
| Mar | 96 | 0 |
| Apr | 100 | 0 |
| May | 100 | 0 |
| Jun | 100 | 0 |
| Jul | 100 | 0 |
| Aug | 100 | 0 |
| Sep | 100 | 0 |
| Oct | 100 | 0 |
| Nov | 100 | 0 |
| Dec | 94 | 5 |
Growing degree days
Growing degree days tally heat above 10°C: each day adds however many degrees its average temperature runs over that threshold, and cold days add nothing. San Cataldo banks about 2,190 degree days a year, and the running total — which growers use to time plantings and predict maturity — climbs fastest around August.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Growing degree days (°C·days) | 0 | 0 | 6 | 79 | 217 | 347 | 440 | 447 | 336 | 230 | 86 | 2 |
| Growing degree days (°C·days) | |
|---|---|
| Jan | 0 |
| Feb | 0 |
| Mar | 6 |
| Apr | 79 |
| May | 217 |
| Jun | 347 |
| Jul | 440 |
| Aug | 447 |
| Sep | 336 |
| Oct | 230 |
| Nov | 86 |
| Dec | 2 |
Solar energy
Average daily shortwave solar energy reaching the ground, banded into brightness zones so the number means something at a glance.
Solar energy is how much sunlight actually reaches the ground each day, measured in kilowatt-hours per square metre (kWh/m²) — the combined effect of how long the sun is up, how high it climbs, and how much cloud gets in the way. It's the raw fuel a solar panel has to work with: for scale, 1 kWh/m² a day is dim and wintry, while 7+ is desert-bright.
San Cataldo receives about 4.9 kWh/m² a day of solar energy on average — bright — with a clear seasonal swing between 2.1 and 7.7 kWh/m².
The brighter stretch of the year lasts 6.0 months, from around Mar 20 to Sep 19. The brightest month is July, averaging about 7.6 kWh/m² (intense).
The dimmest month is December, down near 2.1 kWh/m² — roughly 72% less than the July peak.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | 2.4 | 3.3 | 4.7 | 5.9 | 6.8 | 7.5 | 7.6 | 6.7 | 5.0 | 3.7 | 2.5 | 2.1 |
| Level | Moderate | Moderate | Bright | Bright | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Bright | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate |
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 2.4 | Moderate |
| Feb | 3.3 | Moderate |
| Mar | 4.7 | Bright |
| Apr | 5.9 | Bright |
| May | 6.8 | Intense |
| Jun | 7.5 | Intense |
| Jul | 7.6 | Intense |
| Aug | 6.7 | Intense |
| Sep | 5.0 | Bright |
| Oct | 3.7 | Moderate |
| Nov | 2.5 | Moderate |
| Dec | 2.1 | Moderate |
Where is San Cataldo?
San Cataldo sits at 37.5°N, 14.0°E, 625 m above sea level, in Italy. The nearest listed city is Caltanissetta, 7.0 km away.
Topography around San Cataldo
How much the land rises and falls, and what covers it, within 3, 16 and 80 km of San Cataldo.
Within 3 km, the terrain around San Cataldo has significant variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 368 m around an average of 555 m above sea level; within 16 km, large variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 765 m; within 80 km, very significant variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 1,958 m.
The land around San Cataldo is covered by grassland (45%) and trees (28%) within 3 km, cropland (45%) and grassland (37%) within 16 km, and grassland (34%), water (28%) and cropland (22%) within 80 km.
Italy travel facts
- Travel advisory
- Level 2
- Exercise Increased Caution
- Power plugs
- Type C / F / L
- 230 V · 50 Hz
- Prices
- ≈ 69% of US
- price level, 2025
- GDP per capita
- $43,309
- 2025
- Happiness
- 6.6 / 10
- World Happiness, 2025
- Safe drinking water
- 97%
- of population, 2024
- Homicide rate
- 0.6
- per 100k, 2023
- Road deaths
- 5.3
- per 100k/yr, 2019
- Income group
- High
- World Bank
- English
- Moderate
- EF EPI 513
- Religion
Sources: World Bank, US State Department, World Happiness Report, WHO/UNICEF, EF EPI, CIA World Factbook.
Data sources
Temperature, precipitation, cloud, humidity, wind and solar figures are a 1991–2020 climatology for San Cataldo (37.4841°, 13.9854°, elevation 625 m), computed from hourly ERA5 reanalysis — contains modified Copernicus Climate Change Service information. Sun figures are astronomical calculations, not observations. City data © GeoNames, CC BY 4.0. Map outlines from Natural Earth (public domain); interactive map © Google. Sea temperatures are the NOAA OISST v2.1 1991–2020 monthly climatology (public domain), sampled at the nearest ocean point. UV index is derived from CAMS (Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service) clear-sky UV data — contains modified Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service information. Monthly air-quality (PM2.5) seasonality is from the CAMS EAC4 reanalysis (Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service), scaled to the WHO annual mean where available. Topography is sampled from the Copernicus DEM GLO-90 elevation model (© ESA/Airbus) and ESA WorldCover 2021 land cover (CC BY 4.0).