Climate and average weather in Sendai
In Sendai, the summers are humid, warm, wet, and mostly cloudy and the winters are cold, snowy, and partly cloudy.
Over the course of the year, the temperature in Sendai typically varies from -3°C to 27°C, and is rarely below -7°C or above 32°C. August is the hottest month of the year, while January is the coldest.
Based on the travel score, the best time of year to visit Sendai for warm-weather activities is from late April to late October.
- Hottest
- Aug
- 27°
- Coldest
- Jan
- -3°
- Wettest
- Jul
- 187 mm
- Driest
- Feb
- 49 mm
- Rain / yr
- 1311 mm
- 147 wet days
- Daylight
- 9.3–14.7 h
- shortest–longest
- Elevation
- 53 m
- 38.3°N
- Clearest
- Nov
- 57% cloud
Sendai is city in Miyagi Prefecture, Japan.
- Air quality
- Good
- PM2.5 7 µg/m³ · 2010
- Density
- 1,395/km²
- people per km²
- Founded
- 1889
Air quality: WHO Ambient Air Quality Database. Density & description: Wikidata (CC0), GeoNames.
Sendai weather by month, at a glance
The whole year in one picture — sky, rain, humidity, temperature and travel score. Click any band to jump to its full chart.
Each stripe is one measure across the whole year, stacked so a single day reads top to bottom. The sky band runs overcast grey on top down to clear blue at the base — more blue means sunnier — followed by the rainfall curve, the humidity band, a temperature strip that tints each stretch of the year by how warm its average high is, and the travel-score line at the foot. Scan straight down any date to read that day across every measure at once; the score climbs highest around late April to late October.
Temperature through the year
Daily average highs and lows in Sendai, from 1991–2020 of climate data. The shaded bands show the range most days fall in — 10th to 90th percentile.
The hot season lasts 3.5 months, from June 12 to September 26, with daily high temperatures above 22°C. The hottest month of the year in Sendai is August, with an average high of 27°C and low of 21°C.
The cool season lasts 3.3 months, from December 5 to March 15, with daily high temperatures below 8°C. The coldest month of the year in Sendai is January, with an average low of -3°C and high of 4°C.
Days typically run about 7°C warmer than nights, with the widest day–night swing (around 9°C) in April.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Avg high (°C) | 4 | 4 | 8 | 14 | 19 | 22 | 26 | 27 | 24 | 18 | 12 | 6 |
| Avg low (°C) | -3 | -3 | 0 | 5 | 11 | 16 | 20 | 21 | 17 | 11 | 4 | 0 |
| Avg high (°C) | Avg low (°C) | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 4 | -3 |
| Feb | 4 | -3 |
| Mar | 8 | 0 |
| Apr | 14 | 5 |
| May | 19 | 11 |
| Jun | 22 | 16 |
| Jul | 26 | 20 |
| Aug | 27 | 21 |
| Sep | 24 | 17 |
| Oct | 18 | 11 |
| Nov | 12 | 4 |
| Dec | 6 | 0 |
How hot and cold Sendai really feels
The felt-temperature range through the year — heat index on the day's high (summer humidity), wind chill on the night's low (winter wind). The dashed lines are the plain thermometer; the gap is how much hotter or colder it really feels.
On the coldest nights, wind chill pulls the feels-like down to about -8°C (around February 1), with roughly 131 freezing days a year (feels-like at or below 0°C), worst in February.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Feels-like high (°C) | 4 | 4 | 8 | 14 | 19 | 22 | 26 | 28 | 24 | 18 | 12 | 6 |
| Air high (°C) | 4 | 4 | 8 | 14 | 19 | 22 | 26 | 27 | 24 | 18 | 12 | 6 |
| Feels-like low (°C) | -7 | -7 | -4 | 3 | 10 | 16 | 20 | 21 | 17 | 10 | 2 | -4 |
| Air low (°C) | -3 | -3 | 0 | 5 | 11 | 16 | 20 | 21 | 17 | 11 | 4 | 0 |
| Feels-like high (°C) | Air high (°C) | Feels-like low (°C) | Air low (°C) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 4 | 4 | -7 | -3 |
| Feb | 4 | 4 | -7 | -3 |
| Mar | 8 | 8 | -4 | 0 |
| Apr | 14 | 14 | 3 | 5 |
| May | 19 | 19 | 10 | 11 |
| Jun | 22 | 22 | 16 | 16 |
| Jul | 26 | 26 | 20 | 20 |
| Aug | 28 | 27 | 21 | 21 |
| Sep | 24 | 24 | 17 | 17 |
| Oct | 18 | 18 | 10 | 11 |
| Nov | 12 | 12 | 2 | 4 |
| Dec | 6 | 6 | -4 | 0 |
Average hourly temperature in Sendai
A compact picture of the whole year, hour by hour: each column is a day, each row an hour, and the color is the modeled average temperature. Darker overlays mark night, lighter ones the civil-twilight hours around sunrise and sunset.
Read left to right for the day of the year and top to bottom for the hour of the day; the color is the modeled temperature, cool blues through to hot reds on the same scale as the other charts. A vertical slice is a single day's swing — coolest just before dawn, warmest in the mid-afternoon — while a horizontal slice follows one hour across the seasons. The darker overlay marks night and the lighter one the twilight around sunrise and sunset. Colors run warmest on August afternoons, near 27°C, and coldest before dawn in January, near -3°C.
Sendai weather by month
Every month at a glance. Click a month for its detailed page.
| Month | High / Low (°C) | Rainfall (mm) | Wet days | Snow days | Daylight (hours) | Travel score |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 4° / -3° | 63 | 10.9 | 9.9 | 9.6 | 0.0 |
| Feb | 4° / -3° | 49 | 9.2 | 7.7 | 10.5 | 0.0 |
| Mar | 8° / -0° | 87 | 11.6 | 5.4 | 11.7 | 1.4 |
| Apr | 14° / 5° | 94 | 11.2 | 1.1 | 13 | 4.0 |
| May | 19° / 11° | 103 | 11.4 | 0 | 14 | 5.8 |
| Jun | 22° / 16° | 129 | 13.4 | 0 | 14.6 | 5.8 |
| Jul | 26° / 20° | 187 | 17.4 | 0 | 14.4 | 5.3 |
| Aug | 27° / 21° | 169 | 16.2 | 0 | 13.5 | 5.4 |
| Sep | 24° / 17° | 167 | 14.3 | 0 | 12.3 | 5.8 |
| Oct | 18° / 11° | 141 | 11 | 0 | 11 | 5.6 |
| Nov | 12° / 4° | 63 | 9.3 | 0.9 | 9.9 | 3.3 |
| Dec | 6° / -0° | 58 | 11 | 6 | 9.4 | 0.6 |
Chance of rain
How likely it is to rain on a typical day, and how that shifts across the wetter and drier seasons.
Sendai gets about 1311 mm of precipitation a year. On a typical day the chance of rain is often wet, but that rises and falls sharply with the seasons.
The wetter season lasts 3.8 months, from around Jun 9 to Oct 2, peaking in July at about 59% chance on a given day. The drier stretch runs the rest of the year, bottoming out around Nov 3.
July is the wettest month by volume, with 187 mm over about 17 wet days; February is the driest, with 49 mm. Some of the cold-season precipitation falls as snow.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rain on a day (%) | 35 | 34 | 37 | 38 | 36 | 46 | 56 | 52 | 48 | 35 | 32 | 35 |
| Rain days | 11 | 9 | 12 | 11 | 11 | 13 | 17 | 16 | 14 | 11 | 9 | 11 |
| Rain on a day (%) | Rain days | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 35 | 11 |
| Feb | 34 | 9 |
| Mar | 37 | 12 |
| Apr | 38 | 11 |
| May | 36 | 11 |
| Jun | 46 | 13 |
| Jul | 56 | 17 |
| Aug | 52 | 16 |
| Sep | 48 | 14 |
| Oct | 35 | 11 |
| Nov | 32 | 9 |
| Dec | 35 | 11 |
Monthly rainfall
Over a full year, Sendai collects about 1311 mm of rain across 147 wet days — roughly 109 mm in an average month.
It doesn’t fall evenly. July is the wettest month with 187 mm, while February is the driest at just 49 mm. The three wettest months alone bring about 40% of the year’s total, and some of the cold-season precipitation falls as snow.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rainfall (mm) | 63 | 49 | 87 | 94 | 103 | 129 | 187 | 169 | 167 | 141 | 63 | 58 |
| Rain days | 11 | 9 | 12 | 11 | 11 | 13 | 17 | 16 | 14 | 11 | 9 | 11 |
| Snow days | 10 | 8 | 5 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 6 |
| Rainfall (mm) | Rain days | Snow days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 63 | 11 | 10 |
| Feb | 49 | 9 | 8 |
| Mar | 87 | 12 | 5 |
| Apr | 94 | 11 | 1 |
| May | 103 | 11 | 0 |
| Jun | 129 | 13 | 0 |
| Jul | 187 | 17 | 0 |
| Aug | 169 | 16 | 0 |
| Sep | 167 | 14 | 0 |
| Oct | 141 | 11 | 0 |
| Nov | 63 | 9 | 1 |
| Dec | 58 | 11 | 6 |
Snow in Sendai
Average snowy days through the year, the snow-season span, and estimated snowfall — for ski trips and the perennial 'will there be snow at Christmas?' question.
Sendai averages about 31 snowy days a year. Snow season runs roughly Nov 10 to Apr 24 — about 5.5 months.
February is snowiest, with roughly 9 days of snow and an estimated 38 cm of snowfall. Over the year that adds up to an estimated 147 cm of snow.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Snow days | 10 | 8 | 5 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 6 |
| Snowfall (cm) | 48 | 38 | 28 | 7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 24 |
| Snow days | Snowfall (cm) | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 10 | 48 |
| Feb | 8 | 38 |
| Mar | 5 | 28 |
| Apr | 1 | 7 |
| May | 0 | 0 |
| Jun | 0 | 0 |
| Jul | 0 | 0 |
| Aug | 0 | 0 |
| Sep | 0 | 0 |
| Oct | 0 | 0 |
| Nov | 1 | 2 |
| Dec | 6 | 24 |
Clouds and sunshine
How often the daytime sky is clear, partly cloudy or overcast.
In Sendai, the average share of the sky covered by clouds shows significant seasonal variation over the course of the year.
The clearer part of the year begins around October 11 and lasts for 6.7 months, ending around May 3. The clearest month is November, when the sky is clear, mostly clear, or partly cloudy 55% of the time on average.
The cloudier part of the year begins around May 4 and lasts for 5.3 months, ending around October 10. The cloudiest month is July, when it is overcast or mostly cloudy 79% of the time.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clearer (%) | 51 | 47 | 47 | 46 | 39 | 26 | 21 | 28 | 31 | 45 | 55 | 52 |
| Cloudier (%) | 49 | 53 | 53 | 54 | 61 | 74 | 79 | 72 | 69 | 55 | 45 | 48 |
| Clearer (%) | Cloudier (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 51 | 49 |
| Feb | 47 | 53 |
| Mar | 47 | 53 |
| Apr | 46 | 54 |
| May | 39 | 61 |
| Jun | 26 | 74 |
| Jul | 21 | 79 |
| Aug | 28 | 72 |
| Sep | 31 | 69 |
| Oct | 45 | 55 |
| Nov | 55 | 45 |
| Dec | 52 | 48 |
Daylight, sunrise and sunset
Hours of daylight through the year, with sunrise and sunset times.
The gold band is daylight — sunrise runs along its lower edge, sunset along the upper — so it widens toward summer and pinches toward winter, with night the dark area above and below. The longest day, around June 17, brings about 14 h 42 min of light; the shortest, around December 17, only 9 h 18 min — a swing of roughly 5 h 24 min.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Daylight (h) | 9.6 | 10.5 | 11.7 | 13.0 | 14.0 | 14.6 | 14.4 | 13.5 | 12.3 | 11.0 | 9.9 | 9.4 |
| Sunrise (AM) | 6:57 | 6:35 | 5:55 | 5:07 | 4:31 | 4:17 | 4:30 | 4:56 | 5:24 | 5:52 | 6:25 | 6:52 |
| Sunset (PM) | 4:34 | 5:07 | 5:37 | 6:07 | 6:35 | 6:56 | 6:55 | 6:26 | 5:38 | 4:51 | 4:18 | 4:13 |
| Daylight (h) | Sunrise (AM) | Sunset (PM) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 9.6 | 6:57 | 4:34 |
| Feb | 10.5 | 6:35 | 5:07 |
| Mar | 11.7 | 5:55 | 5:37 |
| Apr | 13.0 | 5:07 | 6:07 |
| May | 14.0 | 4:31 | 6:35 |
| Jun | 14.6 | 4:17 | 6:56 |
| Jul | 14.4 | 4:30 | 6:55 |
| Aug | 13.5 | 4:56 | 6:26 |
| Sep | 12.3 | 5:24 | 5:38 |
| Oct | 11.0 | 5:52 | 4:51 |
| Nov | 9.9 | 6:25 | 4:18 |
| Dec | 9.4 | 6:52 | 4:13 |
Sunny days
How many genuinely sunny days each month brings — days the sky stays clear or mostly clear — banded into plain-language zones.
Sendai averages about 7 sunny days a month — counting the days the sky stays clear or mostly clear — with a clear seasonal swing between 2 and 10 days.
The sunnier stretch runs 3.4 months, from around Oct 4 to Jan 14. The sunniest month is November, with roughly 9 sunny days (mixed).
The greyest month is July, down near 3 sunny days — about 67% fewer than the November peak.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sunny days | 7 | 6 | 7 | 9 | 8 | 4 | 3 | 5 | 5 | 9 | 9 | 8 |
| Sky | Gloomy | Gloomy | Gloomy | Mixed | Gloomy | Gloomy | Gloomy | Gloomy | Gloomy | Mixed | Mixed | Gloomy |
| Sunny days | Sky | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 7 | Gloomy |
| Feb | 6 | Gloomy |
| Mar | 7 | Gloomy |
| Apr | 9 | Mixed |
| May | 8 | Gloomy |
| Jun | 4 | Gloomy |
| Jul | 3 | Gloomy |
| Aug | 5 | Gloomy |
| Sep | 5 | Gloomy |
| Oct | 9 | Mixed |
| Nov | 9 | Mixed |
| Dec | 8 | Gloomy |
Humidity comfort
Share of days at each humidity comfort level, based on the dew point — the measure that tracks how muggy it actually feels.
Humidity comfort is graded by the dew point — the temperature at which the air would be fully saturated — because it tracks how muggy it actually feels far better than relative humidity does. A low dew point feels dry and crisp; a high one feels sticky and oppressive no matter the reading on a humidity gauge.
In Sendai, how humid it feels changes dramatically over the year.
The more humid part of the year lasts 3.8 months, from around June 8 to September 30. The muggiest month is August, when the air feels humid, muggy or worse about 95% of the time.
The most comfortable stretch runs from around October 1 to June 7, and April is the most comfortable month — the air is dry or comfortable 100% of the time.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dry (%) | 100 | 100 | 100 | 99 | 80 | 22 | 1 | 0 | 15 | 74 | 99 | 100 |
| Comfortable (%) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 17 | 34 | 9 | 5 | 23 | 17 | 1 | 0 |
| Humid (%) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 31 | 24 | 14 | 27 | 7 | 0 | 0 |
| Muggy (%) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 12 | 37 | 32 | 23 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| Oppressive (%) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 29 | 46 | 12 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Miserable (%) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Dry (%) | Comfortable (%) | Humid (%) | Muggy (%) | Oppressive (%) | Miserable (%) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 100 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Feb | 100 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Mar | 100 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Apr | 99 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| May | 80 | 17 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Jun | 22 | 34 | 31 | 12 | 1 | 0 |
| Jul | 1 | 9 | 24 | 37 | 29 | 1 |
| Aug | 0 | 5 | 14 | 32 | 46 | 3 |
| Sep | 15 | 23 | 27 | 23 | 12 | 1 |
| Oct | 74 | 17 | 7 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| Nov | 99 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Dec | 100 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Wind
Average wind speed through the year, banded into plain-language speed zones so a number reads as 'breezy' or 'calm' without knowing the scale.
This is the average sustained wind speed at the standard 10 metres above open ground — the steady flow a weather station reports, not the sharper gusts that come and go, which can run half again as fast. It's the number that says whether a place is generally breezy or calm.
Across the year, average wind speed in Sendai is typically calm, near 9 km/h, and varies moderately with the seasons.
The windier part of the year lasts 6.0 months, from around Nov 4 to May 6. The windiest month is February, averaging about 12 km/h (calm).
The calmer part of the year runs from around May 7 to Nov 3, with July the calmest month at about 6 km/h.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wind speed (km/h) | 12 | 12 | 11 | 10 | 9 | 7 | 6 | 6 | 8 | 9 | 9 | 11 |
| Feels | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm |
| Wind speed (km/h) | Feels | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 12 | calm |
| Feb | 12 | calm |
| Mar | 11 | calm |
| Apr | 10 | calm |
| May | 9 | calm |
| Jun | 7 | calm |
| Jul | 6 | calm |
| Aug | 6 | calm |
| Sep | 8 | calm |
| Oct | 9 | calm |
| Nov | 9 | calm |
| Dec | 11 | calm |
Hazard calendar for Sendai
When the seasonal hazards worth planning around — the rainy season, tropical-cyclone risk and dust haze — are active through the year.
Sendai sits in the Pacific typhoon belt; the season peaks July–October.
Sendai's rainy season runs March–October, when most of the year's rain falls.
Best time to visit Sendai
To characterize how pleasant the weather is in Sendai throughout the year, we compute two travel scores — one for general sightseeing, one for beach and pool weather.
Around late October, Sendai is still near the tail of its best-weather window — great conditions with the peak-season crowds already thinning.
Inferred from the travel-score curve; month-by-month visitor numbers are a planned addition.
The travel score favors clear, rainless days with daytime highs between 18°C and 28°C. Based on this score, the best time of year to visit Sendai for general outdoor tourist activities is from late April to late October, with a peak score in the last week of May.
The travel score (filled area), and its constituents: the temperature score (red line), the cloud cover score (blue line), and the precipitation score (green line).
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Travel score (0–10) | 0.0 | 0.1 | 1.4 | 4.0 | 5.8 | 5.7 | 5.4 | 5.4 | 5.8 | 5.6 | 3.3 | 0.7 |
| Rating | poor | poor | poor | fair | good | good | fair | fair | good | good | poor | poor |
| Travel score (0–10) | Rating | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 0.0 | poor |
| Feb | 0.1 | poor |
| Mar | 1.4 | poor |
| Apr | 4.0 | fair |
| May | 5.8 | good |
| Jun | 5.7 | good |
| Jul | 5.4 | fair |
| Aug | 5.4 | fair |
| Sep | 5.8 | good |
| Oct | 5.6 | good |
| Nov | 3.3 | poor |
| Dec | 0.7 | poor |
The beach/pool score favors clear, rainless days with daytime highs between 24°C and 34°C. Based on this score, the best time of year to visit Sendai for hot-weather activities is from early July to late September, with a peak score in the first week of August.
The beach/pool score (filled area), and its constituents: the temperature score (red line), the cloud cover score (blue line), and the precipitation score (green line).
What to pack for Sendai, by month
Month by month, what's worth putting in the bag — from the temperature range, rain chance, sun and wind. Tap a month for a quick packing note.
For a warm-season trip around August (highs near 27°C), the essentials are light clothes and rain gear. In the cold season around January (highs near 4°C), pack a warm layer, a heavy coat and rain gear.
In August, Sendai sees daytime highs around 27°C and nights near 21°C. Pack light clothes and rain gear. About 16 days see rain.
Sea temperature near Sendai
Average ocean temperature at the nearest coast, month by month, banded into swim-comfort zones — the other half of the beach question.
The sea at the nearest coast (about 28 km away) is warmest in August at about 24°C and coldest in March near 9°C.
It's comfortable for a long swim from Jul 7 to Oct 10 — about 3.2 months when the water holds above 20°C.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sea temperature (°C) | 11 | 9 | 9 | 10 | 14 | 18 | 21 | 24 | 23 | 19 | 17 | 14 |
| Comfort | Bracing | Bracing | Bracing | Bracing | Bracing | Cool | Refreshing | Refreshing | Refreshing | Cool | Cool | Bracing |
| Sea temperature (°C) | Comfort | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 11 | Bracing |
| Feb | 9 | Bracing |
| Mar | 9 | Bracing |
| Apr | 10 | Bracing |
| May | 14 | Bracing |
| Jun | 18 | Cool |
| Jul | 21 | Refreshing |
| Aug | 24 | Refreshing |
| Sep | 23 | Refreshing |
| Oct | 19 | Cool |
| Nov | 17 | Cool |
| Dec | 14 | Bracing |
UV index (midday) in Sendai by month
Clear-sky midday UV index through the year, shaded by the WHO exposure levels — how much sun protection each month calls for.
Under clear skies, the midday UV index in Sendai peaks around August 16 at about 9 (very high) — sunscreen, a hat and midday shade are essential. It bottoms out near January 1 at about 2 (low).
The index reaches 3 or more — the level where the WHO recommends sun protection — in 8 months of the year.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UV index (midday) | 2 | 3 | 4 | 6 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 9 | 8 | 5 | 3 | 2 |
| Level | Low | Moderate | Moderate | High | Very high | Very high | Very high | Very high | Very high | High | Moderate | Low |
| UV index (midday) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 2 | Low |
| Feb | 3 | Moderate |
| Mar | 4 | Moderate |
| Apr | 6 | High |
| May | 8 | Very high |
| Jun | 8 | Very high |
| Jul | 8 | Very high |
| Aug | 9 | Very high |
| Sep | 8 | Very high |
| Oct | 5 | High |
| Nov | 3 | Moderate |
| Dec | 2 | Low |
Average hourly UV index in Sendai
Modeled clear-sky UV for every hour of every day — when in the day sun protection actually matters.
The whole year hour by hour: each column is a day, each row an hour, and the color is the modeled clear-sky UV index — the midday peak scaled down as the sun sits lower in the sky. Darker overlays mark night, lighter ones the civil-twilight hours around sunrise and sunset.
UV falls off far faster than brightness as the sun drops, so even in August the burn window is concentrated in the middle of the day: about 8 hours a day reach index 3 (protection recommended), and 5 hours reach 6 or more. Mornings and late afternoons stay comparatively gentle year round.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UV ≥ 3 (h/day) | 0 | 0 | 4 | 6.5 | 7.5 | 7.5 | 8 | 8 | 7 | 4.5 | 0 | 0 |
| UV ≥ 6 (h/day) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1.5 | 4.5 | 4 | 4.5 | 5 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| UV ≥ 3 (h/day) | UV ≥ 6 (h/day) | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 0 | 0 |
| Feb | 0 | 0 |
| Mar | 4 | 0 |
| Apr | 6.5 | 1.5 |
| May | 7.5 | 4.5 |
| Jun | 7.5 | 4 |
| Jul | 8 | 4.5 |
| Aug | 8 | 5 |
| Sep | 7 | 4 |
| Oct | 4.5 | 0 |
| Nov | 0 | 0 |
| Dec | 0 | 0 |
Growing season
The growing season in Sendai typically lasts about 269 days, from around March 19 to December 12 — the span where a frost-free day is more likely than not. It is reliably frost-free from April 9 to November 17.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Frost-free chance (%) | 15 | 16 | 48 | 93 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 90 | 46 |
| Frost nights | 31 | 28 | 31 | 8 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 12 | 31 |
| Frost-free chance (%) | Frost nights | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 15 | 31 |
| Feb | 16 | 28 |
| Mar | 48 | 31 |
| Apr | 93 | 8 |
| May | 100 | 0 |
| Jun | 100 | 0 |
| Jul | 100 | 0 |
| Aug | 100 | 0 |
| Sep | 100 | 0 |
| Oct | 100 | 0 |
| Nov | 90 | 12 |
| Dec | 46 | 31 |
Growing degree days
Growing degree days tally heat above 10°C: each day adds however many degrees its average temperature runs over that threshold, and cold days add nothing. Sendai banks about 1,698 degree days a year, and the running total — which growers use to time plantings and predict maturity — climbs fastest around August.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Growing degree days (°C·days) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 16 | 150 | 263 | 389 | 433 | 309 | 134 | 4 | 0 |
| Growing degree days (°C·days) | |
|---|---|
| Jan | 0 |
| Feb | 0 |
| Mar | 0 |
| Apr | 16 |
| May | 150 |
| Jun | 263 |
| Jul | 389 |
| Aug | 433 |
| Sep | 309 |
| Oct | 134 |
| Nov | 4 |
| Dec | 0 |
Solar energy
Average daily shortwave solar energy reaching the ground, banded into brightness zones so the number means something at a glance.
Solar energy is how much sunlight actually reaches the ground each day, measured in kilowatt-hours per square metre (kWh/m²) — the combined effect of how long the sun is up, how high it climbs, and how much cloud gets in the way. It's the raw fuel a solar panel has to work with: for scale, 1 kWh/m² a day is dim and wintry, while 7+ is desert-bright.
Sendai receives about 3.7 kWh/m² a day of solar energy on average — moderate — with a clear seasonal swing between 2.0 and 5.4 kWh/m².
The brighter stretch of the year lasts 6.1 months, from around Mar 2 to Sep 4. The brightest month is May, averaging about 5.3 kWh/m² (bright).
The dimmest month is December, down near 2.1 kWh/m² — roughly 61% less than the May peak.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | 2.5 | 3.3 | 4.3 | 5.1 | 5.3 | 4.8 | 4.3 | 4.2 | 3.5 | 3.0 | 2.4 | 2.1 |
| Level | Moderate | Moderate | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate |
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 2.5 | Moderate |
| Feb | 3.3 | Moderate |
| Mar | 4.3 | Bright |
| Apr | 5.1 | Bright |
| May | 5.3 | Bright |
| Jun | 4.8 | Bright |
| Jul | 4.3 | Bright |
| Aug | 4.2 | Bright |
| Sep | 3.5 | Moderate |
| Oct | 3.0 | Moderate |
| Nov | 2.4 | Moderate |
| Dec | 2.1 | Moderate |
Where is Sendai?
Sendai sits at 38.3°N, 140.9°E, 53 m above sea level, in Japan. The nearest listed city is Natori-shi, 11 km away.
What Sendai looks like
Topography around Sendai
How much the land rises and falls, and what covers it, within 3, 16 and 80 km of Sendai.
Within 3 km, the terrain around Sendai has only modest variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 173 m around an average of 67 m above sea level; within 16 km, significant variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 513 m; within 80 km, very significant variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 1,978 m.
The land around Sendai is covered by artificial surfaces (74%) and trees (24%) within 3 km, trees (44%) and artificial surfaces (29%) within 16 km, and trees (57%) and water (26%) within 80 km.
Japan travel facts
- Travel advisory
- Level 1
- Exercise Normal Precautions
- Power plugs
- Type A / B
- 100 V · 50 / 60 Hz
- Prices
- ≈ 65% of US
- price level, 2025
- GDP per capita
- $35,951
- 2025
- Happiness
- 6.1 / 10
- World Happiness, 2025
- Safe drinking water
- 99%
- of population, 2024
- Homicide rate
- 0.2
- per 100k, 2023
- Road deaths
- 3.6
- per 100k/yr, 2019
- Income group
- High
- World Bank
- English
- Very low
- EF EPI 446
- Religion
Sources: World Bank, US State Department, World Happiness Report, WHO/UNICEF, EF EPI, CIA World Factbook.
Data sources
Temperature, precipitation, cloud, humidity, wind and solar figures are a 1991–2020 climatology for Sendai (38.2667°, 140.8667°, elevation 53 m), computed from hourly ERA5 reanalysis — contains modified Copernicus Climate Change Service information. Sun figures are astronomical calculations, not observations. City data © GeoNames, CC BY 4.0. Map outlines from Natural Earth (public domain); interactive map © Google. Tropical-cyclone seasons are the published climatological basin seasons (NOAA National Hurricane Center / regional warning centres). Sea temperatures are the NOAA OISST v2.1 1991–2020 monthly climatology (public domain), sampled at the nearest ocean point. UV index is derived from CAMS (Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service) clear-sky UV data — contains modified Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service information. Topography is sampled from the Copernicus DEM GLO-90 elevation model (© ESA/Airbus) and ESA WorldCover 2021 land cover (CC BY 4.0).