Climate and average weather in Lumbini
In Lumbini, the summers are humid, sweltering, showery, and mostly clear and the winters are mild and mostly clear.
Over the course of the year, the temperature in Lumbini typically varies from 9°C to 36°C, and is rarely below 7°C or above 41°C. May is the hottest month of the year, while January is the coldest.
Based on the travel score, the best time of year to visit Lumbini for warm-weather activities is from early November to early March.
- Hottest
- May
- 36°
- Coldest
- Jan
- 9°
- Wettest
- Jul
- 414 mm
- Driest
- Nov
- 5 mm
- Rain / yr
- 1412 mm
- 124 wet days
- Daylight
- 10.3–13.7 h
- shortest–longest
- Elevation
- 0 m
- 27.5°N
- Clearest
- Nov
- 18% cloud
Lumbini weather by month, at a glance
The whole year in one picture — sky, rain, humidity, temperature and travel score. Click any band to jump to its full chart.
Each stripe is one measure across the whole year, stacked so a single day reads top to bottom. The sky band runs overcast grey on top down to clear blue at the base — more blue means sunnier — followed by the rainfall curve, the humidity band, a temperature strip that tints each stretch of the year by how warm its average high is, and the travel-score line at the foot. Scan straight down any date to read that day across every measure at once; the score climbs highest around early November to early March.
Temperature through the year
Daily average highs and lows in Lumbini, from 1991–2020 of climate data. The shaded bands show the range most days fall in — 10th to 90th percentile.
The hot season lasts 3.4 months, from March 24 to July 4, with daily high temperatures above 32°C. The hottest month of the year in Lumbini is May, with an average high of 36°C and low of 25°C.
The cool season lasts 2.0 months, from December 11 to February 8, with daily high temperatures below 24°C. The coldest month of the year in Lumbini is January, with an average low of 9°C and high of 21°C.
Days typically run about 10°C warmer than nights, with the widest day–night swing (around 14°C) in March.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Avg high (°C) | 21 | 25 | 31 | 35 | 36 | 35 | 32 | 32 | 32 | 31 | 28 | 23 |
| Avg low (°C) | 9 | 12 | 16 | 21 | 25 | 26 | 26 | 26 | 25 | 21 | 15 | 11 |
| Avg high (°C) | Avg low (°C) | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 21 | 9 |
| Feb | 25 | 12 |
| Mar | 31 | 16 |
| Apr | 35 | 21 |
| May | 36 | 25 |
| Jun | 35 | 26 |
| Jul | 32 | 26 |
| Aug | 32 | 26 |
| Sep | 32 | 25 |
| Oct | 31 | 21 |
| Nov | 28 | 15 |
| Dec | 23 | 11 |
How hot and cold Lumbini really feels
The felt-temperature range through the year — heat index on the day's high (summer humidity), wind chill on the night's low (winter wind). The dashed lines are the plain thermometer; the gap is how much hotter or colder it really feels.
On the hottest afternoons, once humidity is folded in, Lumbini feels like about 42°C (around June 19). About 213 days a year carry some heat stress, and 125 of them tip into dangerous heat (feels-like above 39°C), peaking in June.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Feels-like high (°C) | 21 | 25 | 31 | 35 | 39 | 42 | 41 | 40 | 39 | 33 | 28 | 23 |
| Air high (°C) | 21 | 25 | 31 | 35 | 36 | 35 | 32 | 32 | 32 | 31 | 28 | 23 |
| Feels-like low (°C) | 9 | 12 | 16 | 21 | 25 | 26 | 26 | 26 | 25 | 21 | 15 | 11 |
| Air low (°C) | 9 | 12 | 16 | 21 | 25 | 26 | 26 | 26 | 25 | 21 | 15 | 11 |
| Feels-like high (°C) | Air high (°C) | Feels-like low (°C) | Air low (°C) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 21 | 21 | 9 | 9 |
| Feb | 25 | 25 | 12 | 12 |
| Mar | 31 | 31 | 16 | 16 |
| Apr | 35 | 35 | 21 | 21 |
| May | 39 | 36 | 25 | 25 |
| Jun | 42 | 35 | 26 | 26 |
| Jul | 41 | 32 | 26 | 26 |
| Aug | 40 | 32 | 26 | 26 |
| Sep | 39 | 32 | 25 | 25 |
| Oct | 33 | 31 | 21 | 21 |
| Nov | 28 | 28 | 15 | 15 |
| Dec | 23 | 23 | 11 | 11 |
Average hourly temperature in Lumbini
A compact picture of the whole year, hour by hour: each column is a day, each row an hour, and the color is the modeled average temperature. Darker overlays mark night, lighter ones the civil-twilight hours around sunrise and sunset.
Read left to right for the day of the year and top to bottom for the hour of the day; the color is the modeled temperature, cool blues through to hot reds on the same scale as the other charts. A vertical slice is a single day's swing — coolest just before dawn, warmest in the mid-afternoon — while a horizontal slice follows one hour across the seasons. The darker overlay marks night and the lighter one the twilight around sunrise and sunset. Colors run warmest on May afternoons, near 36°C, and coldest before dawn in January, near 9°C.
Lumbini weather by month
Every month at a glance. Click a month for its detailed page.
| Month | High / Low (°C) | Rainfall (mm) | Wet days | Daylight (hours) | Travel score |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 21° / 9° | 21 | 2.5 | 10.5 | 8.2 |
| Feb | 25° / 12° | 25 | 2.7 | 11 | 8.5 |
| Mar | 31° / 16° | 13 | 2.1 | 11.8 | 6.1 |
| Apr | 35° / 21° | 15 | 4.2 | 12.6 | 2.8 |
| May | 36° / 25° | 47 | 9.4 | 13.3 | 2.1 |
| Jun | 35° / 26° | 260 | 19 | 13.7 | 2.1 |
| Jul | 32° / 26° | 414 | 28.3 | 13.6 | 2.2 |
| Aug | 32° / 26° | 361 | 27.2 | 13 | 2.4 |
| Sep | 32° / 25° | 202 | 21.8 | 12.2 | 3.1 |
| Oct | 31° / 21° | 42 | 5.7 | 11.3 | 5.7 |
| Nov | 28° / 15° | 5 | 0.6 | 10.6 | 8.3 |
| Dec | 23° / 11° | 9 | 0.8 | 10.3 | 8.9 |
Chance of rain
How likely it is to rain on a typical day, and how that shifts across the wetter and drier seasons.
Lumbini gets about 1412 mm of precipitation a year. On a typical day the chance of rain is often wet, but that rises and falls sharply with the seasons.
The wetter season lasts 4.5 months, from around May 23 to Oct 5, peaking in July at about 92% chance on a given day. The drier stretch runs the rest of the year, bottoming out around Nov 24.
July is the wettest month by volume, with 414 mm over about 28 wet days; November is the driest, with 5 mm.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rain on a day (%) | 8 | 9 | 7 | 14 | 30 | 64 | 90 | 87 | 72 | 19 | 2 | 3 |
| Rain days | 3 | 3 | 2 | 4 | 9 | 19 | 28 | 27 | 22 | 6 | 1 | 1 |
| Rain on a day (%) | Rain days | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 8 | 3 |
| Feb | 9 | 3 |
| Mar | 7 | 2 |
| Apr | 14 | 4 |
| May | 30 | 9 |
| Jun | 64 | 19 |
| Jul | 90 | 28 |
| Aug | 87 | 27 |
| Sep | 72 | 22 |
| Oct | 19 | 6 |
| Nov | 2 | 1 |
| Dec | 3 | 1 |
Monthly rainfall
Over a full year, Lumbini collects about 1412 mm of rain across 124 wet days — roughly 118 mm in an average month.
It doesn’t fall evenly. July is the wettest month with 414 mm, while November is the driest at just 5 mm. The three wettest months alone bring about 73% of the year’s total.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rainfall (mm) | 21 | 25 | 13 | 15 | 47 | 260 | 414 | 361 | 202 | 42 | 5 | 9 |
| Rain days | 3 | 3 | 2 | 4 | 9 | 19 | 28 | 27 | 22 | 6 | 1 | 1 |
| Rainfall (mm) | Rain days | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 21 | 3 |
| Feb | 25 | 3 |
| Mar | 13 | 2 |
| Apr | 15 | 4 |
| May | 47 | 9 |
| Jun | 260 | 19 |
| Jul | 414 | 28 |
| Aug | 361 | 27 |
| Sep | 202 | 22 |
| Oct | 42 | 6 |
| Nov | 5 | 1 |
| Dec | 9 | 1 |
Clouds and sunshine
How often the daytime sky is clear, partly cloudy or overcast.
In Lumbini, the average share of the sky covered by clouds shows significant seasonal variation over the course of the year.
The clearer part of the year begins around September 26 and lasts for 8.5 months, ending around June 10. The clearest month is November, when the sky is clear, mostly clear, or partly cloudy 92% of the time on average.
The cloudier part of the year begins around June 11 and lasts for 3.5 months, ending around September 25. The cloudiest month is July, when it is overcast or mostly cloudy 87% of the time.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clearer (%) | 83 | 84 | 88 | 86 | 88 | 56 | 13 | 14 | 52 | 90 | 92 | 87 |
| Cloudier (%) | 17 | 16 | 12 | 14 | 12 | 44 | 87 | 86 | 48 | 10 | 8 | 13 |
| Clearer (%) | Cloudier (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 83 | 17 |
| Feb | 84 | 16 |
| Mar | 88 | 12 |
| Apr | 86 | 14 |
| May | 88 | 12 |
| Jun | 56 | 44 |
| Jul | 13 | 87 |
| Aug | 14 | 86 |
| Sep | 52 | 48 |
| Oct | 90 | 10 |
| Nov | 92 | 8 |
| Dec | 87 | 13 |
Daylight, sunrise and sunset
Hours of daylight through the year, with sunrise and sunset times.
The gold band is daylight — sunrise runs along its lower edge, sunset along the upper — so it widens toward summer and pinches toward winter, with night the dark area above and below. The longest day, around June 6, brings about 13 h 42 min of light; the shortest, around January 1, only 10 h 18 min — a swing of roughly 3 h 24 min.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Daylight (h) | 10.5 | 11.0 | 11.8 | 12.6 | 13.3 | 13.7 | 13.6 | 13.0 | 12.2 | 11.3 | 10.6 | 10.3 |
| Sunrise (AM) | 7:08 | 6:56 | 6:28 | 5:53 | 5:28 | 5:21 | 5:30 | 5:47 | 6:02 | 6:17 | 6:39 | 7:00 |
| Sunset (PM) | 5:35 | 5:57 | 6:16 | 6:32 | 6:49 | 7:04 | 7:05 | 6:46 | 6:11 | 5:37 | 5:16 | 5:16 |
| Daylight (h) | Sunrise (AM) | Sunset (PM) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 10.5 | 7:08 | 5:35 |
| Feb | 11.0 | 6:56 | 5:57 |
| Mar | 11.8 | 6:28 | 6:16 |
| Apr | 12.6 | 5:53 | 6:32 |
| May | 13.3 | 5:28 | 6:49 |
| Jun | 13.7 | 5:21 | 7:04 |
| Jul | 13.6 | 5:30 | 7:05 |
| Aug | 13.0 | 5:47 | 6:46 |
| Sep | 12.2 | 6:02 | 6:11 |
| Oct | 11.3 | 6:17 | 5:37 |
| Nov | 10.6 | 6:39 | 5:16 |
| Dec | 10.3 | 7:00 | 5:16 |
Sunny days
How many genuinely sunny days each month brings — days the sky stays clear or mostly clear — banded into plain-language zones.
Lumbini averages about 17 sunny days a month — counting the days the sky stays clear or mostly clear — with a clear seasonal swing between 0 and 27 days.
The sunnier stretch runs 8.3 months, from around Sep 29 to Jun 8. The sunniest month is November, with roughly 26 sunny days (brilliant).
The greyest month is July, down near 1 sunny days — about 97% fewer than the November peak.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sunny days | 21 | 20 | 24 | 22 | 23 | 12 | 1 | 1 | 10 | 25 | 26 | 24 |
| Sky | Bright | Bright | Brilliant | Bright | Bright | Mixed | Gloomy | Gloomy | Mixed | Brilliant | Brilliant | Brilliant |
| Sunny days | Sky | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 21 | Bright |
| Feb | 20 | Bright |
| Mar | 24 | Brilliant |
| Apr | 22 | Bright |
| May | 23 | Bright |
| Jun | 12 | Mixed |
| Jul | 1 | Gloomy |
| Aug | 1 | Gloomy |
| Sep | 10 | Mixed |
| Oct | 25 | Brilliant |
| Nov | 26 | Brilliant |
| Dec | 24 | Brilliant |
Humidity comfort
Share of days at each humidity comfort level, based on the dew point — the measure that tracks how muggy it actually feels.
Humidity comfort is graded by the dew point — the temperature at which the air would be fully saturated — because it tracks how muggy it actually feels far better than relative humidity does. A low dew point feels dry and crisp; a high one feels sticky and oppressive no matter the reading on a humidity gauge.
In Lumbini, how humid it feels changes dramatically over the year.
The more humid part of the year lasts 6.7 months, from around April 23 to November 11. The muggiest month is June, when the air feels humid, muggy or worse about 99% of the time.
The most comfortable stretch runs from around November 12 to April 22, and January is the most comfortable month — the air is dry or comfortable 100% of the time.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dry (%) | 90 | 57 | 40 | 30 | 7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 13 | 67 |
| Comfortable (%) | 10 | 37 | 40 | 19 | 8 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 39 | 30 |
| Humid (%) | 0 | 5 | 17 | 25 | 10 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 15 | 38 | 3 |
| Muggy (%) | 0 | 0 | 3 | 23 | 34 | 7 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 31 | 9 | 0 |
| Oppressive (%) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 35 | 28 | 0 | 1 | 15 | 36 | 1 | 0 |
| Miserable (%) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 61 | 100 | 99 | 84 | 14 | 0 | 0 |
| Dry (%) | Comfortable (%) | Humid (%) | Muggy (%) | Oppressive (%) | Miserable (%) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 90 | 10 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Feb | 57 | 37 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Mar | 40 | 40 | 17 | 3 | 0 | 0 |
| Apr | 30 | 19 | 25 | 23 | 3 | 0 |
| May | 7 | 8 | 10 | 34 | 35 | 5 |
| Jun | 0 | 1 | 3 | 7 | 28 | 61 |
| Jul | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 100 |
| Aug | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 99 |
| Sep | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 15 | 84 |
| Oct | 0 | 4 | 15 | 31 | 36 | 14 |
| Nov | 13 | 39 | 38 | 9 | 1 | 0 |
| Dec | 67 | 30 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Wind
Average wind speed through the year, banded into plain-language speed zones so a number reads as 'breezy' or 'calm' without knowing the scale.
This is the average sustained wind speed at the standard 10 metres above open ground — the steady flow a weather station reports, not the sharper gusts that come and go, which can run half again as fast. It's the number that says whether a place is generally breezy or calm.
Across the year, average wind speed in Lumbini is typically calm, near 6 km/h, and varies little with the seasons.
The windier part of the year lasts 6.5 months, from around Feb 24 to Sep 10. The windiest month is April, averaging about 8 km/h (calm).
The calmer part of the year runs from around Sep 11 to Feb 23, with October the calmest month at about 4 km/h.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wind speed (km/h) | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 7 | 6 | 4 | 4 | 4 |
| Feels | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm |
| Wind speed (km/h) | Feels | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 5 | calm |
| Feb | 6 | calm |
| Mar | 7 | calm |
| Apr | 8 | calm |
| May | 8 | calm |
| Jun | 8 | calm |
| Jul | 8 | calm |
| Aug | 7 | calm |
| Sep | 6 | calm |
| Oct | 4 | calm |
| Nov | 4 | calm |
| Dec | 4 | calm |
Hazard calendar for Lumbini
When the seasonal hazards worth planning around — the rainy season, tropical-cyclone risk and dust haze — are active through the year.
Lumbini's monsoon runs June–September, when most of the year's rain falls.
Best time to visit Lumbini
To characterize how pleasant the weather is in Lumbini throughout the year, we compute two travel scores — one for general sightseeing, one for beach and pool weather.
Around late February, Lumbini is still near the tail of its best-weather window — great conditions with the peak-season crowds already thinning.
Inferred from the travel-score curve; month-by-month visitor numbers are a planned addition.
The travel score favors clear, rainless days with daytime highs between 18°C and 28°C. Based on this score, the best time of year to visit Lumbini for general outdoor tourist activities is from early November to early March, with a peak score in the first week of December.
The travel score (filled area), and its constituents: the temperature score (red line), the cloud cover score (blue line), and the precipitation score (green line).
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Travel score (0–10) | 8.2 | 8.5 | 6.1 | 2.9 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.2 | 2.4 | 3.1 | 5.7 | 8.3 | 8.9 |
| Rating | ideal | ideal | good | poor | poor | poor | poor | poor | poor | good | ideal | ideal |
| Travel score (0–10) | Rating | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 8.2 | ideal |
| Feb | 8.5 | ideal |
| Mar | 6.1 | good |
| Apr | 2.9 | poor |
| May | 2.1 | poor |
| Jun | 2.1 | poor |
| Jul | 2.2 | poor |
| Aug | 2.4 | poor |
| Sep | 3.1 | poor |
| Oct | 5.7 | good |
| Nov | 8.3 | ideal |
| Dec | 8.9 | ideal |
The beach/pool score favors clear, rainless days with daytime highs between 24°C and 34°C. Based on this score, the best times of year to visit Lumbini for hot-weather activities run from mid February to early April and again from mid October to mid December, with a peak score in the first week of November.
The beach/pool score (filled area), and its constituents: the temperature score (red line), the cloud cover score (blue line), and the precipitation score (green line).
What to pack for Lumbini, by month
Month by month, what's worth putting in the bag — from the temperature range, rain chance, sun and wind. Tap a month for a quick packing note.
For a warm-season trip around May (highs near 36°C), the essentials are light clothes, rain gear and sun protection. In the cold season around January (highs near 21°C), pack a light layer.
In May, Lumbini sees daytime highs around 36°C and nights near 25°C. Pack light clothes and sun protection. Worth having: rain gear. About 9 days see rain.
UV index (midday) in Lumbini by month
Clear-sky midday UV index through the year, shaded by the WHO exposure levels — how much sun protection each month calls for.
Under clear skies, the midday UV index in Lumbini peaks around July 21 at about 10 (extreme) — sunscreen, a hat and midday shade are essential. It bottoms out near November 22 at about 4 (moderate).
The index reaches 3 or more — the level where the WHO recommends sun protection — every month of the year.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UV index (midday) | 4 | 4 | 8 | 8 | 9 | 8 | 10 | 10 | 9 | 6 | 4 | 4 |
| Level | Moderate | Moderate | Very high | Very high | Very high | Very high | Extreme | Very high | Very high | High | Moderate | Moderate |
| UV index (midday) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 4 | Moderate |
| Feb | 4 | Moderate |
| Mar | 8 | Very high |
| Apr | 8 | Very high |
| May | 9 | Very high |
| Jun | 8 | Very high |
| Jul | 10 | Extreme |
| Aug | 10 | Very high |
| Sep | 9 | Very high |
| Oct | 6 | High |
| Nov | 4 | Moderate |
| Dec | 4 | Moderate |
Average hourly UV index in Lumbini
Modeled clear-sky UV for every hour of every day — when in the day sun protection actually matters.
The whole year hour by hour: each column is a day, each row an hour, and the color is the modeled clear-sky UV index — the midday peak scaled down as the sun sits lower in the sky. Darker overlays mark night, lighter ones the civil-twilight hours around sunrise and sunset.
UV falls off far faster than brightness as the sun drops, so even in July the burn window is concentrated in the middle of the day: about 8 hours a day reach index 3 (protection recommended), and 5.5 hours reach 6 or more. Mornings and late afternoons stay comparatively gentle year round.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UV ≥ 3 (h/day) | 3 | 3.5 | 6.5 | 7 | 7.5 | 7.5 | 8 | 8 | 7 | 5.5 | 3 | 3 |
| UV ≥ 6 (h/day) | 0 | 0 | 4 | 4 | 4.5 | 4.5 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 4.5 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| UV ≥ 3 (h/day) | UV ≥ 6 (h/day) | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 3 | 0 |
| Feb | 3.5 | 0 |
| Mar | 6.5 | 4 |
| Apr | 7 | 4 |
| May | 7.5 | 4.5 |
| Jun | 7.5 | 4.5 |
| Jul | 8 | 5.5 |
| Aug | 8 | 5.5 |
| Sep | 7 | 4.5 |
| Oct | 5.5 | 1 |
| Nov | 3 | 0 |
| Dec | 3 | 0 |
Air quality in Lumbini by month
Average fine-particle pollution (PM2.5) through the year — so you can see which months the air is worst, not just the yearly average.
Air quality in Lumbini is worst in January — around 166 µg/m³ PM2.5 (very unhealthy), about 4.5× the cleanest month (July, 37 µg/m³).
Modeled monthly averages (CAMS reanalysis, 2015–2024).
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PM2.5 (µg/m³) | 166 | 138 | 104 | 90 | 69 | 63 | 37 | 44 | 54 | 95 | 140 | 158 |
| Level | Very unhealthy | Unhealthy | Unhealthy | Unhealthy | Unhealthy | Unhealthy | Poor | Poor | Poor | Unhealthy | Unhealthy | Very unhealthy |
| PM2.5 (µg/m³) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 166 | Very unhealthy |
| Feb | 138 | Unhealthy |
| Mar | 104 | Unhealthy |
| Apr | 90 | Unhealthy |
| May | 69 | Unhealthy |
| Jun | 63 | Unhealthy |
| Jul | 37 | Poor |
| Aug | 44 | Poor |
| Sep | 54 | Poor |
| Oct | 95 | Unhealthy |
| Nov | 140 | Unhealthy |
| Dec | 158 | Very unhealthy |
Growing season
Lumbini is frost-free year round — even the coldest nights rarely reach freezing, so there is no start or end to the growing season.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Frost-free chance (%) | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
| Frost nights | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Frost-free chance (%) | Frost nights | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 100 | 0 |
| Feb | 100 | 0 |
| Mar | 100 | 0 |
| Apr | 100 | 0 |
| May | 100 | 0 |
| Jun | 100 | 0 |
| Jul | 100 | 0 |
| Aug | 100 | 0 |
| Sep | 100 | 0 |
| Oct | 100 | 0 |
| Nov | 100 | 0 |
| Dec | 100 | 0 |
Growing degree days
Growing degree days tally heat above 10°C: each day adds however many degrees its average temperature runs over that threshold, and cold days add nothing. Lumbini banks about 5,376 degree days a year, and the running total — which growers use to time plantings and predict maturity — climbs fastest around June.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Growing degree days (°C·days) | 160 | 234 | 413 | 547 | 630 | 612 | 596 | 591 | 550 | 486 | 341 | 216 |
| Growing degree days (°C·days) | |
|---|---|
| Jan | 160 |
| Feb | 234 |
| Mar | 413 |
| Apr | 547 |
| May | 630 |
| Jun | 612 |
| Jul | 596 |
| Aug | 591 |
| Sep | 550 |
| Oct | 486 |
| Nov | 341 |
| Dec | 216 |
Solar energy
Average daily shortwave solar energy reaching the ground, banded into brightness zones so the number means something at a glance.
Solar energy is how much sunlight actually reaches the ground each day, measured in kilowatt-hours per square metre (kWh/m²) — the combined effect of how long the sun is up, how high it climbs, and how much cloud gets in the way. It's the raw fuel a solar panel has to work with: for scale, 1 kWh/m² a day is dim and wintry, while 7+ is desert-bright.
Lumbini receives about 4.8 kWh/m² a day of solar energy on average — bright — with a clear seasonal swing between 3.7 and 6.8 kWh/m².
The brighter stretch of the year lasts 4.1 months, from around Feb 18 to Jun 22. The brightest month is April, averaging about 6.7 kWh/m² (intense).
The dimmest month is December, down near 3.7 kWh/m² — roughly 44% less than the April peak.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | 3.9 | 4.7 | 6.0 | 6.7 | 6.6 | 5.4 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 4.3 | 4.7 | 4.2 | 3.7 |
| Level | Moderate | Bright | Bright | Intense | Intense | Bright | Moderate | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Moderate |
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 3.9 | Moderate |
| Feb | 4.7 | Bright |
| Mar | 6.0 | Bright |
| Apr | 6.7 | Intense |
| May | 6.6 | Intense |
| Jun | 5.4 | Bright |
| Jul | 4.0 | Moderate |
| Aug | 4.0 | Bright |
| Sep | 4.3 | Bright |
| Oct | 4.7 | Bright |
| Nov | 4.2 | Bright |
| Dec | 3.7 | Moderate |
Where is Lumbini?
Lumbini sits at 27.5°N, 83.2°E, 0 m above sea level, in Nepal. The nearest listed city is Siddharthanagar, 20 km away.
Topography around Lumbini
How much the land rises and falls, and what covers it, within 3, 16 and 80 km of Lumbini.
Within 3 km, the terrain around Lumbini has only modest variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 17 m around an average of 94 m above sea level; within 16 km, only modest variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 44 m; within 80 km, extreme variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 2,478 m.
The land around Lumbini is covered by cropland (86%) within 3 km, cropland (84%) within 16 km, and cropland (55%) and trees (40%) within 80 km.
Nepal travel facts
- Travel advisory
- Level 2
- Exercise Increased Caution
- Power plugs
- Type C / D / M
- 230 V · 50 Hz
- Prices
- ≈ 24% of US
- price level, 2025
- GDP per capita
- $1,536
- 2025
- Happiness
- 5.1 / 10
- World Happiness, 2025
- Safe drinking water
- 16%
- of population, 2024
- Homicide rate
- 2.1
- per 100k, 2020
- Road deaths
- 16.3
- per 100k/yr, 2019
- Income group
- Lower middle
- World Bank
- English
- Moderate
- EF EPI 514
- Religion
Sources: World Bank, US State Department, World Happiness Report, WHO/UNICEF, EF EPI, CIA World Factbook.
Data sources
Temperature, precipitation, cloud, humidity, wind and solar figures are a 1991–2020 climatology for Lumbini (27.4557°, 83.2498°, elevation 0 m), computed from hourly ERA5 reanalysis — contains modified Copernicus Climate Change Service information. Sun figures are astronomical calculations, not observations. City data © GeoNames, CC BY 4.0. Map outlines from Natural Earth (public domain); interactive map © Google. UV index is derived from CAMS (Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service) clear-sky UV data — contains modified Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service information. Monthly air-quality (PM2.5) seasonality is from the CAMS EAC4 reanalysis (Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service), scaled to the WHO annual mean where available. Topography is sampled from the Copernicus DEM GLO-90 elevation model (© ESA/Airbus) and ESA WorldCover 2021 land cover (CC BY 4.0).