Climate and average weather in Kingston
In Kingston, the weather is humid, warm, showery, and partly cloudy and remarkably steady, with daytime highs holding near warm levels all year. The wettest stretch peaks around June.
Over the course of the year, the temperature in Kingston typically varies from 17°C to 23°C, and is rarely below 15°C or above 25°C. February is the hottest month of the year, while August is the coldest.
Based on the travel score, the best time of year to visit Kingston for warm-weather activities is from early January to late December.
- Hottest
- Feb
- 23°
- Coldest
- Aug
- 17°
- Wettest
- Jun
- 92 mm
- Driest
- Oct
- 45 mm
- Rain / yr
- 815 mm
- 89 wet days
- Daylight
- 10.1–13.9 h
- shortest–longest
- Elevation
- 71 m
- 29.1°S
- Clearest
- Aug
- 47% cloud
Kingston is capital of Norfolk Island, Australia.
- Founded
- 1788
Air quality: WHO Ambient Air Quality Database. Density & description: Wikidata (CC0), GeoNames.
Kingston weather by month, at a glance
The whole year in one picture — sky, rain, humidity, temperature and travel score. Click any band to jump to its full chart.
Each stripe is one measure across the whole year, stacked so a single day reads top to bottom. The sky band runs overcast grey on top down to clear blue at the base — more blue means sunnier — followed by the rainfall curve, the humidity band, a temperature strip that tints each stretch of the year by how warm its average high is, and the travel-score line at the foot. Scan straight down any date to read that day across every measure at once; the score climbs highest around early January to late December.
Temperature through the year
Daily average highs and lows in Kingston, from 1991–2020 of climate data. The shaded bands show the range most days fall in — 10th to 90th percentile.
Temperatures in Kingston stay fairly even through the year, without a distinct hot or cool season. The warmest month is February, with an average high of 23°C and low of 22°C; the coolest is August, with an average low of 17°C and high of 18°C.
Days typically run about 1°C warmer than nights year-round.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Avg high (°C) | 23 | 23 | 23 | 22 | 21 | 19 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 22 |
| Avg low (°C) | 22 | 22 | 22 | 21 | 19 | 18 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 21 |
| Avg high (°C) | Avg low (°C) | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 23 | 22 |
| Feb | 23 | 22 |
| Mar | 23 | 22 |
| Apr | 22 | 21 |
| May | 21 | 19 |
| Jun | 19 | 18 |
| Jul | 18 | 17 |
| Aug | 18 | 17 |
| Sep | 18 | 17 |
| Oct | 19 | 18 |
| Nov | 20 | 19 |
| Dec | 22 | 21 |
Average hourly temperature in Kingston
A compact picture of the whole year, hour by hour: each column is a day, each row an hour, and the color is the modeled average temperature. Darker overlays mark night, lighter ones the civil-twilight hours around sunrise and sunset.
Read left to right for the day of the year and top to bottom for the hour of the day; the color is the modeled temperature, cool blues through to hot reds on the same scale as the other charts. A vertical slice is a single day's swing — coolest just before dawn, warmest in the mid-afternoon — while a horizontal slice follows one hour across the seasons. The darker overlay marks night and the lighter one the twilight around sunrise and sunset. Colors run warmest on February afternoons, near 23°C, and coldest before dawn in August, near 17°C.
Kingston weather by month
Every month at a glance. Click a month for its detailed page.
| Month | High / Low (°C) | Rainfall (mm) | Wet days | Daylight (hours) | Travel score |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 23° / 22° | 63 | 6.3 | 13.6 | 7.4 |
| Feb | 23° / 22° | 65 | 7 | 13 | 7.3 |
| Mar | 23° / 22° | 78 | 7.8 | 12.2 | 7.2 |
| Apr | 22° / 21° | 68 | 7.1 | 11.3 | 7.1 |
| May | 21° / 19° | 81 | 7.8 | 10.6 | 6.7 |
| Jun | 19° / 18° | 92 | 9.5 | 10.2 | 6.3 |
| Jul | 18° / 17° | 83 | 9.1 | 10.3 | 6.2 |
| Aug | 18° / 17° | 67 | 8.5 | 11 | 6.4 |
| Sep | 18° / 17° | 52 | 6.9 | 11.8 | 6.6 |
| Oct | 19° / 18° | 45 | 6.2 | 12.7 | 6.7 |
| Nov | 20° / 19° | 49 | 5.9 | 13.5 | 7.0 |
| Dec | 22° / 21° | 74 | 6.7 | 13.8 | 7.2 |
Chance of rain
How likely it is to rain on a typical day, and how that shifts across the wetter and drier seasons.
Kingston gets about 815 mm of precipitation a year. On a typical day the chance of rain is some rain, but that rises and falls sharply with the seasons.
The wetter season lasts 4.0 months, from around May 8 to Sep 5, peaking in July at about 32% chance on a given day. The drier stretch runs the rest of the year, bottoming out around Nov 30.
June is the wettest month by volume, with 92 mm over about 10 wet days; October is the driest, with 45 mm.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rain on a day (%) | 21 | 25 | 25 | 24 | 26 | 30 | 31 | 27 | 23 | 21 | 20 | 21 |
| Rain days | 6 | 7 | 8 | 7 | 8 | 10 | 9 | 9 | 7 | 6 | 6 | 7 |
| Rain on a day (%) | Rain days | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 21 | 6 |
| Feb | 25 | 7 |
| Mar | 25 | 8 |
| Apr | 24 | 7 |
| May | 26 | 8 |
| Jun | 30 | 10 |
| Jul | 31 | 9 |
| Aug | 27 | 9 |
| Sep | 23 | 7 |
| Oct | 21 | 6 |
| Nov | 20 | 6 |
| Dec | 21 | 7 |
Monthly rainfall
Over a full year, Kingston collects about 815 mm of rain across 89 wet days — roughly 68 mm in an average month.
It doesn’t fall evenly. June is the wettest month with 92 mm, while October is the driest at just 45 mm. The three wettest months alone bring about 31% of the year’s total.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rainfall (mm) | 63 | 65 | 78 | 68 | 81 | 92 | 83 | 67 | 52 | 45 | 49 | 74 |
| Rain days | 6 | 7 | 8 | 7 | 8 | 10 | 9 | 9 | 7 | 6 | 6 | 7 |
| Rainfall (mm) | Rain days | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 63 | 6 |
| Feb | 65 | 7 |
| Mar | 78 | 8 |
| Apr | 68 | 7 |
| May | 81 | 8 |
| Jun | 92 | 10 |
| Jul | 83 | 9 |
| Aug | 67 | 9 |
| Sep | 52 | 7 |
| Oct | 45 | 6 |
| Nov | 49 | 6 |
| Dec | 74 | 7 |
Clouds and sunshine
How often the daytime sky is clear, partly cloudy or overcast.
In Kingston, the average share of the sky covered by clouds shows moderate seasonal variation over the course of the year.
The clearer part of the year begins around June 22 and lasts for 4.9 months, ending around November 17. The clearest month is August, when the sky is clear, mostly clear, or partly cloudy 71% of the time on average.
The cloudier part of the year begins around November 18 and lasts for 1.8 months, ending around January 12. The cloudiest month is December, when it is overcast or mostly cloudy 46% of the time.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clearer (%) | 58 | 56 | 55 | 57 | 57 | 58 | 64 | 71 | 68 | 62 | 60 | 54 |
| Cloudier (%) | 42 | 44 | 45 | 43 | 43 | 42 | 36 | 29 | 32 | 38 | 40 | 46 |
| Clearer (%) | Cloudier (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 58 | 42 |
| Feb | 56 | 44 |
| Mar | 55 | 45 |
| Apr | 57 | 43 |
| May | 57 | 43 |
| Jun | 58 | 42 |
| Jul | 64 | 36 |
| Aug | 71 | 29 |
| Sep | 68 | 32 |
| Oct | 62 | 38 |
| Nov | 60 | 40 |
| Dec | 54 | 46 |
Daylight, sunrise and sunset
Hours of daylight through the year, with sunrise and sunset times.
The gold band is daylight — sunrise runs along its lower edge, sunset along the upper — so it widens toward summer and pinches toward winter, with night the dark area above and below. The longest day, around December 17, brings about 13 h 54 min of light; the shortest, around June 18, only 10 h 06 min — a swing of roughly 3 h 48 min.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Daylight (h) | 13.6 | 13.0 | 12.2 | 11.3 | 10.6 | 10.2 | 10.3 | 11.0 | 11.8 | 12.7 | 13.5 | 13.8 |
| Sunrise (AM) | 5:37 | 6:02 | 6:21 | 6:39 | 6:58 | 7:14 | 7:14 | 6:54 | 6:18 | 5:42 | 5:19 | 5:19 |
| Sunset (PM) | 7:17 | 7:04 | 6:34 | 5:57 | 5:31 | 5:23 | 5:33 | 5:51 | 6:07 | 6:25 | 6:48 | 7:10 |
| Daylight (h) | Sunrise (AM) | Sunset (PM) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 13.6 | 5:37 | 7:17 |
| Feb | 13.0 | 6:02 | 7:04 |
| Mar | 12.2 | 6:21 | 6:34 |
| Apr | 11.3 | 6:39 | 5:57 |
| May | 10.6 | 6:58 | 5:31 |
| Jun | 10.2 | 7:14 | 5:23 |
| Jul | 10.3 | 7:14 | 5:33 |
| Aug | 11.0 | 6:54 | 5:51 |
| Sep | 11.8 | 6:18 | 6:07 |
| Oct | 12.7 | 5:42 | 6:25 |
| Nov | 13.5 | 5:19 | 6:48 |
| Dec | 13.8 | 5:19 | 7:10 |
Sunny days
How many genuinely sunny days each month brings — days the sky stays clear or mostly clear — banded into plain-language zones.
Kingston averages about 12 sunny days a month — counting the days the sky stays clear or mostly clear — with a clear seasonal swing between 10 and 15 days.
The sunnier stretch runs 3.0 months, from around Jul 16 to Oct 14. The sunniest month is August, with roughly 14 sunny days (mixed).
The greyest month is December, down near 11 sunny days — about 24% fewer than the August peak.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sunny days | 12 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 11 | 11 | 13 | 14 | 14 | 12 | 11 | 11 |
| Sky | Mixed | Mixed | Mixed | Mixed | Mixed | Mixed | Mixed | Mixed | Mixed | Mixed | Mixed | Mixed |
| Sunny days | Sky | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 12 | Mixed |
| Feb | 10 | Mixed |
| Mar | 11 | Mixed |
| Apr | 12 | Mixed |
| May | 11 | Mixed |
| Jun | 11 | Mixed |
| Jul | 13 | Mixed |
| Aug | 14 | Mixed |
| Sep | 14 | Mixed |
| Oct | 12 | Mixed |
| Nov | 11 | Mixed |
| Dec | 11 | Mixed |
Humidity comfort
Share of days at each humidity comfort level, based on the dew point — the measure that tracks how muggy it actually feels.
Humidity comfort is graded by the dew point — the temperature at which the air would be fully saturated — because it tracks how muggy it actually feels far better than relative humidity does. A low dew point feels dry and crisp; a high one feels sticky and oppressive no matter the reading on a humidity gauge.
In Kingston, how humid it feels changes dramatically over the year.
The more humid part of the year lasts 5.3 months, from around November 23 to May 3. The muggiest month is February, when the air feels humid, muggy or worse about 89% of the time.
The most comfortable stretch runs from around May 4 to November 22, and August is the most comfortable month — the air is dry or comfortable 94% of the time.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dry (%) | 2 | 0 | 2 | 10 | 30 | 52 | 65 | 73 | 60 | 49 | 33 | 13 |
| Comfortable (%) | 17 | 11 | 20 | 31 | 38 | 32 | 27 | 21 | 29 | 30 | 30 | 26 |
| Humid (%) | 30 | 28 | 35 | 35 | 24 | 14 | 8 | 6 | 10 | 18 | 24 | 31 |
| Muggy (%) | 41 | 41 | 34 | 20 | 8 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 4 | 13 | 26 |
| Oppressive (%) | 10 | 19 | 10 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 |
| Dry (%) | Comfortable (%) | Humid (%) | Muggy (%) | Oppressive (%) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 2 | 17 | 30 | 41 | 10 |
| Feb | 0 | 11 | 28 | 41 | 19 |
| Mar | 2 | 20 | 35 | 34 | 10 |
| Apr | 10 | 31 | 35 | 20 | 3 |
| May | 30 | 38 | 24 | 8 | 0 |
| Jun | 52 | 32 | 14 | 2 | 0 |
| Jul | 65 | 27 | 8 | 0 | 0 |
| Aug | 73 | 21 | 6 | 0 | 0 |
| Sep | 60 | 29 | 10 | 1 | 0 |
| Oct | 49 | 30 | 18 | 4 | 0 |
| Nov | 33 | 30 | 24 | 13 | 0 |
| Dec | 13 | 26 | 31 | 26 | 5 |
Wind
Average wind speed through the year, banded into plain-language speed zones so a number reads as 'breezy' or 'calm' without knowing the scale.
This is the average sustained wind speed at the standard 10 metres above open ground — the steady flow a weather station reports, not the sharper gusts that come and go, which can run half again as fast. It's the number that says whether a place is generally breezy or calm.
Across the year, average wind speed in Kingston is typically breezy, near 25 km/h, and varies moderately with the seasons.
The windier part of the year lasts 4.8 months, from around Apr 23 to Sep 14. The windiest month is July, averaging about 27 km/h (breezy).
The calmer part of the year runs from around Sep 15 to Jan 27, with December the calmest month at about 22 km/h.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wind speed (km/h) | 24 | 26 | 26 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 27 | 26 | 25 | 23 | 22 | 22 |
| Feels | breezy | breezy | breezy | breezy | breezy | breezy | breezy | breezy | breezy | breezy | breezy | breezy |
| Wind speed (km/h) | Feels | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 24 | breezy |
| Feb | 26 | breezy |
| Mar | 26 | breezy |
| Apr | 25 | breezy |
| May | 26 | breezy |
| Jun | 27 | breezy |
| Jul | 27 | breezy |
| Aug | 26 | breezy |
| Sep | 25 | breezy |
| Oct | 23 | breezy |
| Nov | 22 | breezy |
| Dec | 22 | breezy |
Best time to visit Kingston
To characterize how pleasant the weather is in Kingston throughout the year, we compute two travel scores — one for general sightseeing, one for beach and pool weather.
Around late December, Kingston is still near the tail of its best-weather window — great conditions with the peak-season crowds already thinning.
Inferred from the travel-score curve; month-by-month visitor numbers are a planned addition.
The travel score favors clear, rainless days with daytime highs between 18°C and 28°C. Based on this score, Kingston suits general outdoor tourist activities for most of the year, with a peak score in the third week of January.
The travel score (filled area), and its constituents: the temperature score (red line), the cloud cover score (blue line), and the precipitation score (green line).
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Travel score (0–10) | 7.4 | 7.3 | 7.2 | 7.1 | 6.7 | 6.3 | 6.2 | 6.4 | 6.6 | 6.7 | 7.0 | 7.2 |
| Rating | good | good | good | good | good | good | good | good | good | good | good | good |
| Travel score (0–10) | Rating | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 7.4 | good |
| Feb | 7.3 | good |
| Mar | 7.2 | good |
| Apr | 7.1 | good |
| May | 6.7 | good |
| Jun | 6.3 | good |
| Jul | 6.2 | good |
| Aug | 6.4 | good |
| Sep | 6.6 | good |
| Oct | 6.7 | good |
| Nov | 7.0 | good |
| Dec | 7.2 | good |
The beach/pool score favors clear, rainless days with daytime highs between 24°C and 34°C. Based on this score, the best time of year to visit Kingston for hot-weather activities is from mid December to late April, with a peak score in the third week of February.
The beach/pool score (filled area), and its constituents: the temperature score (red line), the cloud cover score (blue line), and the precipitation score (green line).
What to pack for Kingston, by month
Month by month, what's worth putting in the bag — from the temperature range, rain chance, sun and wind. Tap a month for a quick packing note.
Kingston packs about the same all year — highs hold near 23°C. Across the year the things worth having are light clothes, sun protection, a windbreaker and rain gear.
In February, Kingston sees daytime highs around 23°C and nights near 22°C. Pack sun protection. Worth having: light clothes and a windbreaker. About 7 days see rain.
Sea temperature near Kingston
Average ocean temperature at the nearest coast, month by month, banded into swim-comfort zones — the other half of the beach question.
The sea offshore is warmest in February at about 24°C and coldest in August near 19°C.
It's comfortable for a long swim from Oct 28 to Jun 28 — about 8 months when the water holds above 20°C.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sea temperature (°C) | 23 | 24 | 24 | 23 | 22 | 20 | 19 | 19 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 |
| Comfort | Refreshing | Refreshing | Refreshing | Refreshing | Refreshing | Refreshing | Cool | Cool | Cool | Cool | Refreshing | Refreshing |
| Sea temperature (°C) | Comfort | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 23 | Refreshing |
| Feb | 24 | Refreshing |
| Mar | 24 | Refreshing |
| Apr | 23 | Refreshing |
| May | 22 | Refreshing |
| Jun | 20 | Refreshing |
| Jul | 19 | Cool |
| Aug | 19 | Cool |
| Sep | 19 | Cool |
| Oct | 20 | Cool |
| Nov | 21 | Refreshing |
| Dec | 22 | Refreshing |
UV index (midday) in Kingston by month
Clear-sky midday UV index through the year, shaded by the WHO exposure levels — how much sun protection each month calls for.
Under clear skies, the midday UV index in Kingston peaks around December 20 at about 14 (extreme) — sunscreen, a hat and midday shade are essential. It bottoms out near June 18 at about 4 (moderate).
The index reaches 3 or more — the level where the WHO recommends sun protection — every month of the year.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UV index (midday) | 13 | 13 | 11 | 8 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 8 | 9 | 11 | 14 |
| Level | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Very high | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | High | Very high | Very high | Extreme | Extreme |
| UV index (midday) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 13 | Extreme |
| Feb | 13 | Extreme |
| Mar | 11 | Extreme |
| Apr | 8 | Very high |
| May | 5 | Moderate |
| Jun | 4 | Moderate |
| Jul | 4 | Moderate |
| Aug | 5 | High |
| Sep | 8 | Very high |
| Oct | 9 | Very high |
| Nov | 11 | Extreme |
| Dec | 14 | Extreme |
Average hourly UV index in Kingston
Modeled clear-sky UV for every hour of every day — when in the day sun protection actually matters.
The whole year hour by hour: each column is a day, each row an hour, and the color is the modeled clear-sky UV index — the midday peak scaled down as the sun sits lower in the sky. Darker overlays mark night, lighter ones the civil-twilight hours around sunrise and sunset.
UV falls off far faster than brightness as the sun drops, so even in December the burn window is concentrated in the middle of the day: about 9.5 hours a day reach index 3 (protection recommended), and 7 hours reach 6 or more. Mornings and late afternoons stay comparatively gentle year round.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UV ≥ 3 (h/day) | 9 | 8.5 | 7.5 | 6.5 | 4.5 | 3 | 3.5 | 5 | 6.5 | 7.5 | 8.5 | 9.5 |
| UV ≥ 6 (h/day) | 7 | 6.5 | 5.5 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3.5 | 5 | 6 | 7 |
| UV ≥ 3 (h/day) | UV ≥ 6 (h/day) | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 9 | 7 |
| Feb | 8.5 | 6.5 |
| Mar | 7.5 | 5.5 |
| Apr | 6.5 | 4 |
| May | 4.5 | 0 |
| Jun | 3 | 0 |
| Jul | 3.5 | 0 |
| Aug | 5 | 0 |
| Sep | 6.5 | 3.5 |
| Oct | 7.5 | 5 |
| Nov | 8.5 | 6 |
| Dec | 9.5 | 7 |
Growing season
Kingston is frost-free year round — even the coldest nights rarely reach freezing, so there is no start or end to the growing season.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Frost-free chance (%) | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
| Frost nights | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Frost-free chance (%) | Frost nights | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 100 | 0 |
| Feb | 100 | 0 |
| Mar | 100 | 0 |
| Apr | 100 | 0 |
| May | 100 | 0 |
| Jun | 100 | 0 |
| Jul | 100 | 0 |
| Aug | 100 | 0 |
| Sep | 100 | 0 |
| Oct | 100 | 0 |
| Nov | 100 | 0 |
| Dec | 100 | 0 |
Growing degree days
Growing degree days tally heat above 10°C: each day adds however many degrees its average temperature runs over that threshold, and cold days add nothing. Kingston banks about 3,622 degree days a year, and the running total — which growers use to time plantings and predict maturity — climbs fastest around February.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Growing degree days (°C·days) | 381 | 361 | 384 | 339 | 308 | 260 | 239 | 227 | 231 | 260 | 286 | 345 |
| Growing degree days (°C·days) | |
|---|---|
| Jan | 381 |
| Feb | 361 |
| Mar | 384 |
| Apr | 339 |
| May | 308 |
| Jun | 260 |
| Jul | 239 |
| Aug | 227 |
| Sep | 231 |
| Oct | 260 |
| Nov | 286 |
| Dec | 345 |
Solar energy
Average daily shortwave solar energy reaching the ground, banded into brightness zones so the number means something at a glance.
Solar energy is how much sunlight actually reaches the ground each day, measured in kilowatt-hours per square metre (kWh/m²) — the combined effect of how long the sun is up, how high it climbs, and how much cloud gets in the way. It's the raw fuel a solar panel has to work with: for scale, 1 kWh/m² a day is dim and wintry, while 7+ is desert-bright.
Kingston receives about 5.0 kWh/m² a day of solar energy on average — bright — with a clear seasonal swing between 2.7 and 7.2 kWh/m².
The brighter stretch of the year lasts 6.2 months, from around Sep 16 to Mar 23. The brightest month is December, averaging about 7.1 kWh/m² (intense).
The dimmest month is June, down near 2.7 kWh/m² — roughly 61% less than the December peak.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | 7.1 | 6.1 | 5.2 | 4.2 | 3.2 | 2.7 | 2.9 | 3.8 | 5.0 | 6.0 | 6.8 | 6.9 |
| Level | Intense | Intense | Bright | Bright | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Bright | Intense | Intense | Intense |
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 7.1 | Intense |
| Feb | 6.1 | Intense |
| Mar | 5.2 | Bright |
| Apr | 4.2 | Bright |
| May | 3.2 | Moderate |
| Jun | 2.7 | Moderate |
| Jul | 2.9 | Moderate |
| Aug | 3.8 | Moderate |
| Sep | 5.0 | Bright |
| Oct | 6.0 | Intense |
| Nov | 6.8 | Intense |
| Dec | 6.9 | Intense |
Where is Kingston?
Kingston sits at 29.1°S, 168.0°E, 71 m above sea level, in Norfolk Island. The nearest listed city is Mont-Dore, 768 km away.
Topography around Kingston
How much the land rises and falls, and what covers it, within 3, 16 and 80 km of Kingston.
Within 3 km, the terrain around Kingston has only modest variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 149 m around an average of 47 m above sea level; within 16 km, significant variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 310 m; within 80 km, significant variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 300 m.
Norfolk Island travel facts
- Religion
Sources: World Bank, US State Department, World Happiness Report, WHO/UNICEF, EF EPI, CIA World Factbook.
Data sources
Temperature, precipitation, cloud, humidity, wind and solar figures are a 1991–2020 climatology for Kingston (-29.0546°, 167.9663°, elevation 71 m), computed from hourly ERA5 reanalysis — contains modified Copernicus Climate Change Service information. Sun figures are astronomical calculations, not observations. City data © GeoNames, CC BY 4.0. Map outlines from Natural Earth (public domain); interactive map © Google. Sea temperatures are the NOAA OISST v2.1 1991–2020 monthly climatology (public domain), sampled at the nearest ocean point. UV index is derived from CAMS (Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service) clear-sky UV data — contains modified Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service information. Topography is sampled from the Copernicus DEM GLO-90 elevation model (© ESA/Airbus) and ESA WorldCover 2021 land cover (CC BY 4.0).