Climate and average weather in Türkmenbaşy
In Türkmenbaşy, the summers are sweltering, dry, and clear and the winters are cold and partly cloudy.
Over the course of the year, the temperature in Türkmenbaşy typically varies from 2°C to 34°C, and is rarely below -3°C or above 39°C. August is the hottest month of the year, while January is the coldest.
Based on the travel score, the best times of year to visit Türkmenbaşy for warm-weather activities are from mid April to early June and mid September to late October.
- Hottest
- Aug
- 34°
- Coldest
- Jan
- 3°
- Wettest
- Apr
- 20 mm
- Driest
- Aug
- 2 mm
- Rain / yr
- 125 mm
- 31 wet days
- Daylight
- 9.2–14.8 h
- shortest–longest
- Elevation
- 5 m
- 40.0°N
- Clearest
- Aug
- 12% cloud
Türkmenbaşy is city in Balkan Province, Turkmenistan.
- Founded
- 1869
Air quality: WHO Ambient Air Quality Database. Density & description: Wikidata (CC0), GeoNames.
Türkmenbaşy weather by month, at a glance
The whole year in one picture — sky, rain, humidity, temperature and travel score. Click any band to jump to its full chart.
Each stripe is one measure across the whole year, stacked so a single day reads top to bottom. The sky band runs overcast grey on top down to clear blue at the base — more blue means sunnier — followed by the rainfall curve, the humidity band, a temperature strip that tints each stretch of the year by how warm its average high is, and the travel-score line at the foot. Scan straight down any date to read that day across every measure at once; the score climbs highest around mid April to early June.
Temperature through the year
Daily average highs and lows in Türkmenbaşy, from 1991–2020 of climate data. The shaded bands show the range most days fall in — 10th to 90th percentile.
The hot season lasts 3.7 months, from May 29 to September 17, with daily high temperatures above 28°C. The hottest month of the year in Türkmenbaşy is August, with an average high of 34°C and low of 25°C.
The cool season lasts 3.9 months, from November 19 to March 18, with daily high temperatures below 13°C. The coldest month of the year in Türkmenbaşy is January, with an average low of 3°C and high of 7°C.
Days typically run about 7°C warmer than nights, with the widest day–night swing (around 9°C) in August.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Avg high (°C) | 7 | 8 | 13 | 19 | 25 | 31 | 34 | 34 | 29 | 21 | 14 | 9 |
| Avg low (°C) | 3 | 2 | 6 | 11 | 17 | 22 | 25 | 25 | 20 | 13 | 7 | 4 |
| Avg high (°C) | Avg low (°C) | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 7 | 3 |
| Feb | 8 | 2 |
| Mar | 13 | 6 |
| Apr | 19 | 11 |
| May | 25 | 17 |
| Jun | 31 | 22 |
| Jul | 34 | 25 |
| Aug | 34 | 25 |
| Sep | 29 | 20 |
| Oct | 21 | 13 |
| Nov | 14 | 7 |
| Dec | 9 | 4 |
How hot and cold Türkmenbaşy really feels
The felt-temperature range through the year — heat index on the day's high (summer humidity), wind chill on the night's low (winter wind). The dashed lines are the plain thermometer; the gap is how much hotter or colder it really feels.
On the hottest afternoons, once humidity is folded in, Türkmenbaşy feels like about 35°C (around August 1). About 72 days a year carry some heat stress, peaking in August.
On the coldest nights, wind chill pulls the feels-like down to about -2°C (around February 1), with roughly 76 freezing days a year (feels-like at or below 0°C), worst in February.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Feels-like high (°C) | 7 | 8 | 13 | 19 | 25 | 31 | 34 | 34 | 29 | 21 | 14 | 9 |
| Air high (°C) | 7 | 8 | 13 | 19 | 25 | 31 | 34 | 34 | 29 | 21 | 14 | 9 |
| Feels-like low (°C) | -2 | -2 | 2 | 10 | 17 | 22 | 25 | 25 | 20 | 13 | 5 | 0 |
| Air low (°C) | 3 | 2 | 6 | 11 | 17 | 22 | 25 | 25 | 20 | 13 | 7 | 4 |
| Feels-like high (°C) | Air high (°C) | Feels-like low (°C) | Air low (°C) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 7 | 7 | -2 | 3 |
| Feb | 8 | 8 | -2 | 2 |
| Mar | 13 | 13 | 2 | 6 |
| Apr | 19 | 19 | 10 | 11 |
| May | 25 | 25 | 17 | 17 |
| Jun | 31 | 31 | 22 | 22 |
| Jul | 34 | 34 | 25 | 25 |
| Aug | 34 | 34 | 25 | 25 |
| Sep | 29 | 29 | 20 | 20 |
| Oct | 21 | 21 | 13 | 13 |
| Nov | 14 | 14 | 5 | 7 |
| Dec | 9 | 9 | 0 | 4 |
Average hourly temperature in Türkmenbaşy
A compact picture of the whole year, hour by hour: each column is a day, each row an hour, and the color is the modeled average temperature. Darker overlays mark night, lighter ones the civil-twilight hours around sunrise and sunset.
Read left to right for the day of the year and top to bottom for the hour of the day; the color is the modeled temperature, cool blues through to hot reds on the same scale as the other charts. A vertical slice is a single day's swing — coolest just before dawn, warmest in the mid-afternoon — while a horizontal slice follows one hour across the seasons. The darker overlay marks night and the lighter one the twilight around sunrise and sunset. Colors run warmest on August afternoons, near 34°C, and coldest before dawn in January, near 3°C.
Türkmenbaşy weather by month
Every month at a glance. Click a month for its detailed page.
| Month | High / Low (°C) | Rainfall (mm) | Wet days | Snow days | Daylight (hours) | Travel score |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 7° / 3° | 10 | 2.9 | 0.2 | 9.5 | 1.3 |
| Feb | 8° / 2° | 11 | 3.1 | 0.5 | 10.4 | 1.8 |
| Mar | 13° / 6° | 18 | 4.3 | 0.1 | 11.7 | 4.0 |
| Apr | 19° / 11° | 20 | 4.5 | 0 | 13 | 6.9 |
| May | 25° / 17° | 12 | 3.4 | 0 | 14.2 | 8.1 |
| Jun | 31° / 22° | 5 | 1.2 | 0 | 14.8 | 5.9 |
| Jul | 34° / 25° | 3 | 0.8 | 0 | 14.6 | 4.0 |
| Aug | 34° / 25° | 2 | 0.6 | 0 | 13.6 | 4.0 |
| Sep | 29° / 20° | 6 | 1.5 | 0 | 12.3 | 7.4 |
| Oct | 21° / 13° | 16 | 3 | 0 | 10.9 | 8.1 |
| Nov | 14° / 7° | 14 | 3.4 | 0.1 | 9.8 | 4.6 |
| Dec | 9° / 4° | 8 | 2.6 | 0.2 | 9.2 | 2.1 |
Chance of rain
How likely it is to rain on a typical day, and how that shifts across the wetter and drier seasons.
Türkmenbaşy gets about 125 mm of precipitation a year. On a typical day the chance of rain is mostly dry, but that rises and falls sharply with the seasons.
The wetter season lasts 3.9 months, from around Jan 24 to May 21, peaking in April at about 17% chance on a given day. The drier stretch runs the rest of the year, bottoming out around Jul 24.
April is the wettest month by volume, with 20 mm over about 5 wet days; August is the driest, with 2 mm.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rain on a day (%) | 9 | 11 | 14 | 15 | 11 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 5 | 10 | 11 | 9 |
| Rain days | 3 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 3 |
| Rain on a day (%) | Rain days | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 9 | 3 |
| Feb | 11 | 3 |
| Mar | 14 | 4 |
| Apr | 15 | 5 |
| May | 11 | 3 |
| Jun | 4 | 1 |
| Jul | 3 | 1 |
| Aug | 2 | 1 |
| Sep | 5 | 2 |
| Oct | 10 | 3 |
| Nov | 11 | 3 |
| Dec | 9 | 3 |
Monthly rainfall
Over a full year, Türkmenbaşy collects about 125 mm of rain across 31 wet days — roughly 10 mm in an average month.
It doesn’t fall evenly. April is the wettest month with 20 mm, while August is the driest at just 2 mm. The three wettest months alone bring about 43% of the year’s total, and some of the cold-season precipitation falls as snow.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rainfall (mm) | 10 | 11 | 18 | 20 | 12 | 5 | 3 | 2 | 6 | 16 | 14 | 8 |
| Rain days | 3 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 3 |
| Snow days | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Rainfall (mm) | Rain days | Snow days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 10 | 3 | 0 |
| Feb | 11 | 3 | 1 |
| Mar | 18 | 4 | 0 |
| Apr | 20 | 5 | 0 |
| May | 12 | 3 | 0 |
| Jun | 5 | 1 | 0 |
| Jul | 3 | 1 | 0 |
| Aug | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Sep | 6 | 2 | 0 |
| Oct | 16 | 3 | 0 |
| Nov | 14 | 3 | 0 |
| Dec | 8 | 3 | 0 |
Clouds and sunshine
How often the daytime sky is clear, partly cloudy or overcast.
In Türkmenbaşy, the average share of the sky covered by clouds shows significant seasonal variation over the course of the year.
The clearer part of the year begins around May 11 and lasts for 5.6 months, ending around October 26. The clearest month is August, when the sky is clear, mostly clear, or partly cloudy 95% of the time on average.
The cloudier part of the year begins around October 27 and lasts for 6.4 months, ending around May 10. The cloudiest month is January, when it is overcast or mostly cloudy 53% of the time.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clearer (%) | 47 | 51 | 55 | 60 | 76 | 90 | 93 | 95 | 92 | 78 | 61 | 53 |
| Cloudier (%) | 53 | 49 | 45 | 40 | 24 | 10 | 7 | 5 | 8 | 22 | 39 | 47 |
| Clearer (%) | Cloudier (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 47 | 53 |
| Feb | 51 | 49 |
| Mar | 55 | 45 |
| Apr | 60 | 40 |
| May | 76 | 24 |
| Jun | 90 | 10 |
| Jul | 93 | 7 |
| Aug | 95 | 5 |
| Sep | 92 | 8 |
| Oct | 78 | 22 |
| Nov | 61 | 39 |
| Dec | 53 | 47 |
Daylight, sunrise and sunset
Hours of daylight through the year, with sunrise and sunset times.
The gold band is daylight — sunrise runs along its lower edge, sunset along the upper — so it widens toward summer and pinches toward winter, with night the dark area above and below. The longest day, around June 9, brings about 14 h 48 min of light; the shortest, around January 1, only 9 h 12 min — a swing of roughly 5 h 36 min.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Daylight (h) | 9.5 | 10.4 | 11.7 | 13.0 | 14.2 | 14.8 | 14.6 | 13.6 | 12.3 | 10.9 | 9.8 | 9.2 |
| Sunrise (AM) | 8:54 | 8:30 | 7:48 | 6:57 | 6:18 | 6:04 | 6:16 | 6:44 | 7:15 | 7:46 | 8:21 | 8:49 |
| Sunset (PM) | 6:21 | 6:56 | 7:28 | 8:00 | 8:31 | 8:53 | 8:51 | 8:20 | 7:30 | 6:41 | 6:06 | 5:59 |
| Daylight (h) | Sunrise (AM) | Sunset (PM) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 9.5 | 8:54 | 6:21 |
| Feb | 10.4 | 8:30 | 6:56 |
| Mar | 11.7 | 7:48 | 7:28 |
| Apr | 13.0 | 6:57 | 8:00 |
| May | 14.2 | 6:18 | 8:31 |
| Jun | 14.8 | 6:04 | 8:53 |
| Jul | 14.6 | 6:16 | 8:51 |
| Aug | 13.6 | 6:44 | 8:20 |
| Sep | 12.3 | 7:15 | 7:30 |
| Oct | 10.9 | 7:46 | 6:41 |
| Nov | 9.8 | 8:21 | 6:06 |
| Dec | 9.2 | 8:49 | 5:59 |
Sunny days
How many genuinely sunny days each month brings — days the sky stays clear or mostly clear — banded into plain-language zones.
Türkmenbaşy averages about 18 sunny days a month — counting the days the sky stays clear or mostly clear — with a clear seasonal swing between 9 and 28 days.
The sunnier stretch runs 5.4 months, from around May 13 to Oct 24. The sunniest month is August, with roughly 27 sunny days (brilliant).
The greyest month is January, down near 10 sunny days — about 65% fewer than the August peak.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sunny days | 10 | 10 | 12 | 14 | 20 | 25 | 27 | 28 | 25 | 20 | 13 | 11 |
| Sky | Mixed | Mixed | Mixed | Mixed | Bright | Brilliant | Brilliant | Brilliant | Brilliant | Bright | Mixed | Mixed |
| Sunny days | Sky | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 10 | Mixed |
| Feb | 10 | Mixed |
| Mar | 12 | Mixed |
| Apr | 14 | Mixed |
| May | 20 | Bright |
| Jun | 25 | Brilliant |
| Jul | 27 | Brilliant |
| Aug | 28 | Brilliant |
| Sep | 25 | Brilliant |
| Oct | 20 | Bright |
| Nov | 13 | Mixed |
| Dec | 11 | Mixed |
Humidity comfort
Share of days at each humidity comfort level, based on the dew point — the measure that tracks how muggy it actually feels.
Humidity comfort is graded by the dew point — the temperature at which the air would be fully saturated — because it tracks how muggy it actually feels far better than relative humidity does. A low dew point feels dry and crisp; a high one feels sticky and oppressive no matter the reading on a humidity gauge.
In Türkmenbaşy, how humid it feels changes dramatically over the year.
The more humid part of the year lasts 4.0 months, from around May 27 to September 25. The muggiest month is July, when the air feels humid, muggy or worse about 63% of the time.
The most comfortable stretch runs from around September 26 to May 26, and April is the most comfortable month — the air is dry or comfortable 100% of the time.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dry (%) | 100 | 100 | 100 | 96 | 61 | 29 | 17 | 31 | 56 | 81 | 98 | 100 |
| Comfortable (%) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 31 | 33 | 20 | 25 | 21 | 14 | 2 | 0 |
| Humid (%) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 8 | 30 | 29 | 19 | 15 | 4 | 0 | 0 |
| Muggy (%) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 9 | 28 | 18 | 7 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| Oppressive (%) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 7 | 7 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Dry (%) | Comfortable (%) | Humid (%) | Muggy (%) | Oppressive (%) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 100 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Feb | 100 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Mar | 100 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Apr | 96 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| May | 61 | 31 | 8 | 0 | 0 |
| Jun | 29 | 33 | 30 | 9 | 1 |
| Jul | 17 | 20 | 29 | 28 | 7 |
| Aug | 31 | 25 | 19 | 18 | 7 |
| Sep | 56 | 21 | 15 | 7 | 1 |
| Oct | 81 | 14 | 4 | 1 | 0 |
| Nov | 98 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Dec | 100 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Wind
Average wind speed through the year, banded into plain-language speed zones so a number reads as 'breezy' or 'calm' without knowing the scale.
This is the average sustained wind speed at the standard 10 metres above open ground — the steady flow a weather station reports, not the sharper gusts that come and go, which can run half again as fast. It's the number that says whether a place is generally breezy or calm.
Across the year, average wind speed in Türkmenbaşy is typically light breeze, near 16 km/h, and varies little with the seasons.
The windier part of the year lasts 3.7 months, from around May 26 to Sep 16. The windiest month is July, averaging about 18 km/h (light breeze).
The calmer part of the year runs from around Sep 17 to Nov 28, with October the calmest month at about 15 km/h.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wind speed (km/h) | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 17 | 16 | 15 | 15 | 16 |
| Feels | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze |
| Wind speed (km/h) | Feels | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 16 | light breeze |
| Feb | 16 | light breeze |
| Mar | 16 | light breeze |
| Apr | 16 | light breeze |
| May | 16 | light breeze |
| Jun | 17 | light breeze |
| Jul | 18 | light breeze |
| Aug | 17 | light breeze |
| Sep | 16 | light breeze |
| Oct | 15 | light breeze |
| Nov | 15 | light breeze |
| Dec | 16 | light breeze |
Hazard calendar for Türkmenbaşy
When the seasonal hazards worth planning around — the rainy season, tropical-cyclone risk and dust haze — are active through the year.
Türkmenbaşy sees seasonal dust haze (May), heaviest in May.
Best time to visit Türkmenbaşy
To characterize how pleasant the weather is in Türkmenbaşy throughout the year, we compute two travel scores — one for general sightseeing, one for beach and pool weather.
Around late April, Türkmenbaşy is still near the start of its best-weather window — great conditions with the peak-season crowds not yet at full swing.
Inferred from the travel-score curve; month-by-month visitor numbers are a planned addition.
The travel score favors clear, rainless days with daytime highs between 18°C and 28°C. Based on this score, the best times of year to visit Türkmenbaşy for general outdoor tourist activities run from mid April to early June and again from mid September to late October, with a peak score in the first week of October.
The travel score (filled area), and its constituents: the temperature score (red line), the cloud cover score (blue line), and the precipitation score (green line).
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Travel score (0–10) | 1.3 | 1.8 | 4.0 | 6.8 | 8.0 | 5.9 | 4.0 | 4.1 | 7.4 | 8.0 | 4.6 | 2.1 |
| Rating | poor | poor | fair | good | ideal | good | fair | fair | good | ideal | fair | poor |
| Travel score (0–10) | Rating | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 1.3 | poor |
| Feb | 1.8 | poor |
| Mar | 4.0 | fair |
| Apr | 6.8 | good |
| May | 8.0 | ideal |
| Jun | 5.9 | good |
| Jul | 4.0 | fair |
| Aug | 4.1 | fair |
| Sep | 7.4 | good |
| Oct | 8.0 | ideal |
| Nov | 4.6 | fair |
| Dec | 2.1 | poor |
The beach/pool score favors clear, rainless days with daytime highs between 24°C and 34°C. Based on this score, the best time of year to visit Türkmenbaşy for hot-weather activities is from mid May to early October, with a peak score in the second week of September.
The beach/pool score (filled area), and its constituents: the temperature score (red line), the cloud cover score (blue line), and the precipitation score (green line).
What to pack for Türkmenbaşy, by month
Month by month, what's worth putting in the bag — from the temperature range, rain chance, sun and wind. Tap a month for a quick packing note.
For a warm-season trip around August (highs near 34°C), the essentials are light clothes and sun protection. In the cold season around January (highs near 7°C), pack a warm layer and a heavy coat.
In August, Türkmenbaşy sees daytime highs around 34°C and nights near 25°C. Pack light clothes and sun protection.
Sea temperature near Türkmenbaşy
Average ocean temperature at the nearest coast, month by month, banded into swim-comfort zones — the other half of the beach question.
The sea at the nearest coast (about 18 km away) is warmest in August at about 27°C and coldest in February near 9°C.
It's comfortable for a long swim from Jun 6 to Oct 16 — about 4.4 months when the water holds above 20°C.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sea temperature (°C) | 10 | 9 | 10 | 12 | 17 | 22 | 25 | 27 | 24 | 20 | 16 | 13 |
| Comfort | Bracing | Bracing | Bracing | Bracing | Cool | Refreshing | Warm | Warm | Warm | Refreshing | Cool | Bracing |
| Sea temperature (°C) | Comfort | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 10 | Bracing |
| Feb | 9 | Bracing |
| Mar | 10 | Bracing |
| Apr | 12 | Bracing |
| May | 17 | Cool |
| Jun | 22 | Refreshing |
| Jul | 25 | Warm |
| Aug | 27 | Warm |
| Sep | 24 | Warm |
| Oct | 20 | Refreshing |
| Nov | 16 | Cool |
| Dec | 13 | Bracing |
UV index (midday) in Türkmenbaşy by month
Clear-sky midday UV index through the year, shaded by the WHO exposure levels — how much sun protection each month calls for.
Under clear skies, the midday UV index in Türkmenbaşy peaks around July 19 at about 8 (very high) — sunscreen, a hat and midday shade are essential. It bottoms out near December 21 at about 2 (low).
The index reaches 3 or more — the level where the WHO recommends sun protection — in 8 months of the year.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UV index (midday) | 2 | 3 | 4 | 6 | 7 | 7 | 9 | 8 | 6 | 4 | 2 | 2 |
| Level | Low | Moderate | Moderate | High | High | Very high | Very high | Very high | High | Moderate | Moderate | Low |
| UV index (midday) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 2 | Low |
| Feb | 3 | Moderate |
| Mar | 4 | Moderate |
| Apr | 6 | High |
| May | 7 | High |
| Jun | 7 | Very high |
| Jul | 9 | Very high |
| Aug | 8 | Very high |
| Sep | 6 | High |
| Oct | 4 | Moderate |
| Nov | 2 | Moderate |
| Dec | 2 | Low |
Average hourly UV index in Türkmenbaşy
Modeled clear-sky UV for every hour of every day — when in the day sun protection actually matters.
The whole year hour by hour: each column is a day, each row an hour, and the color is the modeled clear-sky UV index — the midday peak scaled down as the sun sits lower in the sky. Darker overlays mark night, lighter ones the civil-twilight hours around sunrise and sunset.
UV falls off far faster than brightness as the sun drops, so even in July the burn window is concentrated in the middle of the day: about 8 hours a day reach index 3 (protection recommended), and 5 hours reach 6 or more. Mornings and late afternoons stay comparatively gentle year round.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UV ≥ 3 (h/day) | 0 | 0 | 3 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 8 | 7.5 | 5.5 | 4 | 0 | 0 |
| UV ≥ 6 (h/day) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| UV ≥ 3 (h/day) | UV ≥ 6 (h/day) | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 0 | 0 |
| Feb | 0 | 0 |
| Mar | 3 | 0 |
| Apr | 6 | 0 |
| May | 7 | 3 |
| Jun | 8 | 4 |
| Jul | 8 | 5 |
| Aug | 7.5 | 4 |
| Sep | 5.5 | 0 |
| Oct | 4 | 0 |
| Nov | 0 | 0 |
| Dec | 0 | 0 |
Air quality in Türkmenbaşy by month
Average fine-particle pollution (PM2.5) through the year — so you can see which months the air is worst, not just the yearly average.
Air quality in Türkmenbaşy is worst in October — around 48 µg/m³ PM2.5 (poor), about 2.2× the cleanest month (January, 22 µg/m³).
Modeled monthly averages (CAMS reanalysis, 2015–2024).
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PM2.5 (µg/m³) | 22 | 27 | 35 | 29 | 28 | 26 | 28 | 36 | 48 | 48 | 41 | 31 |
| Level | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Poor | Poor | Poor | Poor | Moderate |
| PM2.5 (µg/m³) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 22 | Moderate |
| Feb | 27 | Moderate |
| Mar | 35 | Moderate |
| Apr | 29 | Moderate |
| May | 28 | Moderate |
| Jun | 26 | Moderate |
| Jul | 28 | Moderate |
| Aug | 36 | Poor |
| Sep | 48 | Poor |
| Oct | 48 | Poor |
| Nov | 41 | Poor |
| Dec | 31 | Moderate |
Growing season
Türkmenbaşy is mild enough that a frost-free day stays more likely than not even in midwinter. Nights are reliably above freezing from about March 1 to December 4 (279 days); outside that window a hard frost is an occasional risk.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Frost-free chance (%) | 79 | 77 | 98 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 98 | 89 |
| Frost nights | 31 | 28 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 31 |
| Frost-free chance (%) | Frost nights | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 79 | 31 |
| Feb | 77 | 28 |
| Mar | 98 | 0 |
| Apr | 100 | 0 |
| May | 100 | 0 |
| Jun | 100 | 0 |
| Jul | 100 | 0 |
| Aug | 100 | 0 |
| Sep | 100 | 0 |
| Oct | 100 | 0 |
| Nov | 98 | 0 |
| Dec | 89 | 31 |
Growing degree days
Growing degree days tally heat above 10°C: each day adds however many degrees its average temperature runs over that threshold, and cold days add nothing. Türkmenbaşy banks about 2,877 degree days a year, and the running total — which growers use to time plantings and predict maturity — climbs fastest around July.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Growing degree days (°C·days) | 0 | 0 | 8 | 141 | 341 | 496 | 607 | 606 | 425 | 221 | 32 | 0 |
| Growing degree days (°C·days) | |
|---|---|
| Jan | 0 |
| Feb | 0 |
| Mar | 8 |
| Apr | 141 |
| May | 341 |
| Jun | 496 |
| Jul | 607 |
| Aug | 606 |
| Sep | 425 |
| Oct | 221 |
| Nov | 32 |
| Dec | 0 |
Solar energy
Average daily shortwave solar energy reaching the ground, banded into brightness zones so the number means something at a glance.
Solar energy is how much sunlight actually reaches the ground each day, measured in kilowatt-hours per square metre (kWh/m²) — the combined effect of how long the sun is up, how high it climbs, and how much cloud gets in the way. It's the raw fuel a solar panel has to work with: for scale, 1 kWh/m² a day is dim and wintry, while 7+ is desert-bright.
Türkmenbaşy receives about 4.6 kWh/m² a day of solar energy on average — bright — with a clear seasonal swing between 1.9 and 7.1 kWh/m².
The brighter stretch of the year lasts 6.1 months, from around Mar 20 to Sep 22. The brightest month is June, averaging about 7.1 kWh/m² (intense).
The dimmest month is December, down near 1.9 kWh/m² — roughly 73% less than the June peak.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | 2.2 | 3.1 | 4.5 | 5.6 | 6.5 | 7.1 | 7.0 | 6.5 | 5.0 | 3.6 | 2.3 | 1.9 |
| Level | Moderate | Moderate | Bright | Bright | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Bright | Moderate | Moderate | Dim |
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 2.2 | Moderate |
| Feb | 3.1 | Moderate |
| Mar | 4.5 | Bright |
| Apr | 5.6 | Bright |
| May | 6.5 | Intense |
| Jun | 7.1 | Intense |
| Jul | 7.0 | Intense |
| Aug | 6.5 | Intense |
| Sep | 5.0 | Bright |
| Oct | 3.6 | Moderate |
| Nov | 2.3 | Moderate |
| Dec | 1.9 | Dim |
Where is Türkmenbaşy?
Türkmenbaşy sits at 40.0°N, 53.0°E, 5 m above sea level, in Turkmenistan. The nearest listed city is Jebel, 117 km away.
Topography around Türkmenbaşy
How much the land rises and falls, and what covers it, within 3, 16 and 80 km of Türkmenbaşy.
Within 3 km, the terrain around Türkmenbaşy has only modest variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 233 m around an average of 43 m above sea level; within 16 km, significant variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 279 m; within 80 km, significant variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 336 m.
The land around Türkmenbaşy is covered by bare terrain (48%) and artificial surfaces (29%) within 3 km, water (33%), bare terrain (32%) and grassland (30%) within 16 km, and water (56%) and bare terrain (32%) within 80 km.
Turkmenistan travel facts
- Travel advisory
- Level 1
- Exercise Normal Precautions
- Power plugs
- Type B / C / F
- 220 V · 50 Hz
- Prices
- ≈ 0% of US
- price level, 2025
- GDP per capita
- $6,540
- 2025
- Happiness
- 5.5 / 10
- World Happiness, 2021
- Safe drinking water
- 95%
- of population, 2024
- Homicide rate
- 1
- per 100k, 2015
- Road deaths
- 13.5
- per 100k/yr, 2019
- Income group
- Upper middle
- World Bank
- English
- Low
- EF EPI 456
- Religion
Sources: World Bank, US State Department, World Happiness Report, WHO/UNICEF, EF EPI, CIA World Factbook.
Data sources
Temperature, precipitation, cloud, humidity, wind and solar figures are a 1991–2020 climatology for Türkmenbaşy (40.0222°, 52.9552°, elevation 5 m), computed from hourly ERA5 reanalysis — contains modified Copernicus Climate Change Service information. Sun figures are astronomical calculations, not observations. City data © GeoNames, CC BY 4.0. Map outlines from Natural Earth (public domain); interactive map © Google. Sea temperatures are the NOAA OISST v2.1 1991–2020 monthly climatology (public domain), sampled at the nearest ocean point. UV index is derived from CAMS (Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service) clear-sky UV data — contains modified Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service information. Monthly air-quality (PM2.5) seasonality is from the CAMS EAC4 reanalysis (Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service), scaled to the WHO annual mean where available. Topography is sampled from the Copernicus DEM GLO-90 elevation model (© ESA/Airbus) and ESA WorldCover 2021 land cover (CC BY 4.0).