Climate and average weather in Mukalla
In Mukalla, the summers are muggy, sweltering, dry, and mostly clear and the winters are warm and clear.
Over the course of the year, the temperature in Mukalla typically varies from 19°C to 36°C, and is rarely below 18°C or above 38°C. June is the hottest month of the year, while January is the coldest.
Based on the travel score, the best times of year to visit Mukalla for warm-weather activities are from early January to early April and late October to late December.
- Hottest
- Jun
- 36°
- Coldest
- Jan
- 19°
- Wettest
- Oct
- 15 mm
- Driest
- Dec
- 2 mm
- Rain / yr
- 85 mm
- 13 wet days
- Daylight
- 11.1–12.9 h
- shortest–longest
- Elevation
- 39 m
- 14.5°N
- Clearest
- Nov
- 17% cloud
Mukalla is City in Hadhramaut Governorate, Yemen.
- Density
- 303/km²
- people per km²
- Founded
- 1035
Air quality: WHO Ambient Air Quality Database. Density & description: Wikidata (CC0), GeoNames.
Mukalla weather by month, at a glance
The whole year in one picture — sky, rain, humidity, temperature and travel score. Click any band to jump to its full chart.
Each stripe is one measure across the whole year, stacked so a single day reads top to bottom. The sky band runs overcast grey on top down to clear blue at the base — more blue means sunnier — followed by the rainfall curve, the humidity band, a temperature strip that tints each stretch of the year by how warm its average high is, and the travel-score line at the foot. Scan straight down any date to read that day across every measure at once; the score climbs highest around early January to early April.
Temperature through the year
Daily average highs and lows in Mukalla, from 1991–2020 of climate data. The shaded bands show the range most days fall in — 10th to 90th percentile.
The hot season lasts 3.6 months, from May 26 to September 10, with daily high temperatures above 33°C. The hottest month of the year in Mukalla is June, with an average high of 36°C and low of 28°C.
The cool season lasts 3.3 months, from December 1 to March 10, with daily high temperatures below 27°C. The coldest month of the year in Mukalla is January, with an average low of 19°C and high of 25°C.
Days typically run about 6°C warmer than nights year-round.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Avg high (°C) | 25 | 26 | 28 | 30 | 32 | 36 | 35 | 35 | 32 | 30 | 28 | 26 |
| Avg low (°C) | 19 | 20 | 22 | 24 | 26 | 28 | 29 | 28 | 26 | 24 | 22 | 20 |
| Avg high (°C) | Avg low (°C) | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 25 | 19 |
| Feb | 26 | 20 |
| Mar | 28 | 22 |
| Apr | 30 | 24 |
| May | 32 | 26 |
| Jun | 36 | 28 |
| Jul | 35 | 29 |
| Aug | 35 | 28 |
| Sep | 32 | 26 |
| Oct | 30 | 24 |
| Nov | 28 | 22 |
| Dec | 26 | 20 |
How hot and cold Mukalla really feels
The felt-temperature range through the year — heat index on the day's high (summer humidity), wind chill on the night's low (winter wind). The dashed lines are the plain thermometer; the gap is how much hotter or colder it really feels.
On the hottest afternoons, once humidity is folded in, Mukalla feels like about 40°C (around June 11). About 174 days a year carry some heat stress, and 67 of them tip into dangerous heat (feels-like above 39°C), peaking in June.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Feels-like high (°C) | 25 | 26 | 28 | 32 | 37 | 40 | 39 | 39 | 37 | 31 | 28 | 26 |
| Air high (°C) | 25 | 26 | 28 | 30 | 32 | 36 | 35 | 35 | 32 | 30 | 28 | 26 |
| Feels-like low (°C) | 19 | 20 | 22 | 24 | 26 | 28 | 29 | 28 | 26 | 24 | 22 | 20 |
| Air low (°C) | 19 | 20 | 22 | 24 | 26 | 28 | 29 | 28 | 26 | 24 | 22 | 20 |
| Feels-like high (°C) | Air high (°C) | Feels-like low (°C) | Air low (°C) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 25 | 25 | 19 | 19 |
| Feb | 26 | 26 | 20 | 20 |
| Mar | 28 | 28 | 22 | 22 |
| Apr | 32 | 30 | 24 | 24 |
| May | 37 | 32 | 26 | 26 |
| Jun | 40 | 36 | 28 | 28 |
| Jul | 39 | 35 | 29 | 29 |
| Aug | 39 | 35 | 28 | 28 |
| Sep | 37 | 32 | 26 | 26 |
| Oct | 31 | 30 | 24 | 24 |
| Nov | 28 | 28 | 22 | 22 |
| Dec | 26 | 26 | 20 | 20 |
Average hourly temperature in Mukalla
A compact picture of the whole year, hour by hour: each column is a day, each row an hour, and the color is the modeled average temperature. Darker overlays mark night, lighter ones the civil-twilight hours around sunrise and sunset.
Read left to right for the day of the year and top to bottom for the hour of the day; the color is the modeled temperature, cool blues through to hot reds on the same scale as the other charts. A vertical slice is a single day's swing — coolest just before dawn, warmest in the mid-afternoon — while a horizontal slice follows one hour across the seasons. The darker overlay marks night and the lighter one the twilight around sunrise and sunset. Colors run warmest on June afternoons, near 36°C, and coldest before dawn in January, near 19°C.
Mukalla weather by month
Every month at a glance. Click a month for its detailed page.
| Month | High / Low (°C) | Rainfall (mm) | Wet days | Daylight (hours) | Travel score |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 25° / 19° | 5 | 0.8 | 11.2 | 8.9 |
| Feb | 26° / 20° | 7 | 1 | 11.5 | 8.7 |
| Mar | 28° / 22° | 13 | 2.2 | 11.9 | 7.9 |
| Apr | 30° / 24° | 8 | 1.3 | 12.3 | 6.5 |
| May | 32° / 26° | 6 | 1.3 | 12.7 | 4.9 |
| Jun | 36° / 28° | 7 | 0.8 | 12.8 | 2.9 |
| Jul | 35° / 29° | 3 | 0.6 | 12.8 | 3.0 |
| Aug | 35° / 28° | 3 | 0.6 | 12.5 | 3.5 |
| Sep | 32° / 26° | 6 | 1.5 | 12.1 | 4.8 |
| Oct | 30° / 24° | 15 | 1.5 | 11.7 | 6.6 |
| Nov | 28° / 22° | 12 | 0.9 | 11.3 | 8.0 |
| Dec | 26° / 20° | 2 | 0.5 | 11.2 | 8.8 |
Chance of rain
How likely it is to rain on a typical day, and how that shifts across the wetter and drier seasons.
Mukalla gets about 85 mm of precipitation a year. On a typical day the chance of rain is mostly dry, and that barely changes with the seasons — rain is spread fairly evenly through the year.
October is the wettest month by volume, with 15 mm over about 2 wet days; December is the driest, with 2 mm.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rain on a day (%) | 2 | 4 | 6 | 4 | 5 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 5 | 5 | 3 | 2 |
| Rain days | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 |
| Rain on a day (%) | Rain days | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 2 | 1 |
| Feb | 4 | 1 |
| Mar | 6 | 2 |
| Apr | 4 | 1 |
| May | 5 | 1 |
| Jun | 3 | 1 |
| Jul | 2 | 1 |
| Aug | 2 | 1 |
| Sep | 5 | 2 |
| Oct | 5 | 2 |
| Nov | 3 | 1 |
| Dec | 2 | 1 |
Monthly rainfall
Over a full year, Mukalla collects about 85 mm of rain across 13 wet days — roughly 7 mm in an average month.
It doesn’t fall evenly. October is the wettest month with 15 mm, while December is the driest at just 2 mm. The three wettest months alone bring about 46% of the year’s total.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rainfall (mm) | 5 | 7 | 13 | 8 | 6 | 7 | 3 | 3 | 6 | 15 | 12 | 2 |
| Rain days | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 |
| Rainfall (mm) | Rain days | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 5 | 1 |
| Feb | 7 | 1 |
| Mar | 13 | 2 |
| Apr | 8 | 1 |
| May | 6 | 1 |
| Jun | 7 | 1 |
| Jul | 3 | 1 |
| Aug | 3 | 1 |
| Sep | 6 | 2 |
| Oct | 15 | 2 |
| Nov | 12 | 1 |
| Dec | 2 | 1 |
Clouds and sunshine
How often the daytime sky is clear, partly cloudy or overcast.
In Mukalla, the average share of the sky covered by clouds shows moderate seasonal variation over the course of the year.
The clearer part of the year begins around August 14 and lasts for 4.9 months, ending around January 8. The clearest month is November, when the sky is clear, mostly clear, or partly cloudy 91% of the time on average.
The cloudier part of the year begins around May 27 and lasts for 2.6 months, ending around August 13. The cloudiest month is July, when it is overcast or mostly cloudy 25% of the time.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clearer (%) | 84 | 85 | 84 | 87 | 87 | 76 | 75 | 85 | 88 | 89 | 91 | 89 |
| Cloudier (%) | 16 | 15 | 16 | 13 | 13 | 24 | 25 | 15 | 12 | 11 | 9 | 11 |
| Clearer (%) | Cloudier (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 84 | 16 |
| Feb | 85 | 15 |
| Mar | 84 | 16 |
| Apr | 87 | 13 |
| May | 87 | 13 |
| Jun | 76 | 24 |
| Jul | 75 | 25 |
| Aug | 85 | 15 |
| Sep | 88 | 12 |
| Oct | 89 | 11 |
| Nov | 91 | 9 |
| Dec | 89 | 11 |
Daylight, sunrise and sunset
Hours of daylight through the year, with sunrise and sunset times.
The gold band is daylight — sunrise runs along its lower edge, sunset along the upper — so it widens toward summer and pinches toward winter, with night the dark area above and below. The longest day, around June 14, brings about 12 h 54 min of light; the shortest, around December 14, only 11 h 06 min — a swing of roughly 1 h 48 min.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Daylight (h) | 11.2 | 11.5 | 11.9 | 12.3 | 12.7 | 12.8 | 12.8 | 12.5 | 12.1 | 11.7 | 11.3 | 11.2 |
| Sunrise (AM) | 6:16 | 6:13 | 5:56 | 5:34 | 5:20 | 5:18 | 5:26 | 5:33 | 5:35 | 5:38 | 5:49 | 6:05 |
| Sunset (PM) | 5:30 | 5:44 | 5:50 | 5:53 | 6:00 | 6:09 | 6:13 | 6:02 | 5:40 | 5:19 | 5:08 | 5:14 |
| Daylight (h) | Sunrise (AM) | Sunset (PM) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 11.2 | 6:16 | 5:30 |
| Feb | 11.5 | 6:13 | 5:44 |
| Mar | 11.9 | 5:56 | 5:50 |
| Apr | 12.3 | 5:34 | 5:53 |
| May | 12.7 | 5:20 | 6:00 |
| Jun | 12.8 | 5:18 | 6:09 |
| Jul | 12.8 | 5:26 | 6:13 |
| Aug | 12.5 | 5:33 | 6:02 |
| Sep | 12.1 | 5:35 | 5:40 |
| Oct | 11.7 | 5:38 | 5:19 |
| Nov | 11.3 | 5:49 | 5:08 |
| Dec | 11.2 | 6:05 | 5:14 |
Sunny days
How many genuinely sunny days each month brings — days the sky stays clear or mostly clear — banded into plain-language zones.
Mukalla averages about 22 sunny days a month — counting the days the sky stays clear or mostly clear — with a clear seasonal swing between 18 and 26 days.
The sunnier stretch runs 3.0 months, from around Oct 6 to Jan 4. The sunniest month is November, with roughly 26 sunny days (brilliant).
The greyest month is June, down near 18 sunny days — about 30% fewer than the November peak.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sunny days | 21 | 20 | 22 | 23 | 23 | 18 | 19 | 23 | 21 | 25 | 25 | 25 |
| Sky | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Brilliant | Brilliant | Brilliant |
| Sunny days | Sky | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 21 | Bright |
| Feb | 20 | Bright |
| Mar | 22 | Bright |
| Apr | 23 | Bright |
| May | 23 | Bright |
| Jun | 18 | Bright |
| Jul | 19 | Bright |
| Aug | 23 | Bright |
| Sep | 21 | Bright |
| Oct | 25 | Brilliant |
| Nov | 25 | Brilliant |
| Dec | 25 | Brilliant |
Humidity comfort
Share of days at each humidity comfort level, based on the dew point — the measure that tracks how muggy it actually feels.
Humidity comfort is graded by the dew point — the temperature at which the air would be fully saturated — because it tracks how muggy it actually feels far better than relative humidity does. A low dew point feels dry and crisp; a high one feels sticky and oppressive no matter the reading on a humidity gauge.
In Mukalla, how humid it feels changes dramatically over the year.
The more humid part of the year lasts 6.3 months, from around April 6 to October 14. The muggiest month is May, when the air feels humid, muggy or worse about 99% of the time.
The most comfortable stretch runs from around October 15 to April 5, and January is the most comfortable month — the air is dry or comfortable 42% of the time.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dry (%) | 14 | 10 | 9 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 7 | 15 | 17 |
| Comfortable (%) | 28 | 26 | 17 | 8 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 12 | 22 | 23 |
| Humid (%) | 48 | 45 | 30 | 19 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 20 | 37 | 44 |
| Muggy (%) | 10 | 17 | 35 | 37 | 21 | 38 | 44 | 37 | 15 | 30 | 24 | 16 |
| Oppressive (%) | 0 | 2 | 10 | 31 | 52 | 43 | 52 | 56 | 55 | 26 | 3 | 0 |
| Miserable (%) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 22 | 17 | 3 | 6 | 29 | 4 | 0 | 0 |
| Dry (%) | Comfortable (%) | Humid (%) | Muggy (%) | Oppressive (%) | Miserable (%) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 14 | 28 | 48 | 10 | 0 | 0 |
| Feb | 10 | 26 | 45 | 17 | 2 | 0 |
| Mar | 9 | 17 | 30 | 35 | 10 | 0 |
| Apr | 3 | 8 | 19 | 37 | 31 | 2 |
| May | 0 | 1 | 4 | 21 | 52 | 22 |
| Jun | 0 | 0 | 2 | 38 | 43 | 17 |
| Jul | 0 | 0 | 2 | 44 | 52 | 3 |
| Aug | 0 | 0 | 1 | 37 | 56 | 6 |
| Sep | 0 | 0 | 1 | 15 | 55 | 29 |
| Oct | 7 | 12 | 20 | 30 | 26 | 4 |
| Nov | 15 | 22 | 37 | 24 | 3 | 0 |
| Dec | 17 | 23 | 44 | 16 | 0 | 0 |
Wind
Average wind speed through the year, banded into plain-language speed zones so a number reads as 'breezy' or 'calm' without knowing the scale.
This is the average sustained wind speed at the standard 10 metres above open ground — the steady flow a weather station reports, not the sharper gusts that come and go, which can run half again as fast. It's the number that says whether a place is generally breezy or calm.
Across the year, average wind speed in Mukalla is typically calm, near 9 km/h, and varies moderately with the seasons.
The windier part of the year lasts 3.0 months, from around Jun 7 to Sep 6. The windiest month is July, averaging about 14 km/h (light breeze).
The calmer part of the year runs from around Sep 7 to Jun 6, with May the calmest month at about 7 km/h.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wind speed (km/h) | 8 | 8 | 8 | 7 | 7 | 10 | 14 | 12 | 8 | 7 | 7 | 7 |
| Feels | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | light breeze | light breeze | calm | calm | calm | calm |
| Wind speed (km/h) | Feels | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 8 | calm |
| Feb | 8 | calm |
| Mar | 8 | calm |
| Apr | 7 | calm |
| May | 7 | calm |
| Jun | 10 | calm |
| Jul | 14 | light breeze |
| Aug | 12 | light breeze |
| Sep | 8 | calm |
| Oct | 7 | calm |
| Nov | 7 | calm |
| Dec | 7 | calm |
Hazard calendar for Mukalla
When the seasonal hazards worth planning around — the rainy season, tropical-cyclone risk and dust haze — are active through the year.
Mukalla sees seasonal dust haze (May–September), heaviest in July.
Best time to visit Mukalla
To characterize how pleasant the weather is in Mukalla throughout the year, we compute two travel scores — one for general sightseeing, one for beach and pool weather.
Around late March, Mukalla is still near the tail of its best-weather window — great conditions with the peak-season crowds already thinning.
Inferred from the travel-score curve; month-by-month visitor numbers are a planned addition.
The travel score favors clear, rainless days with daytime highs between 18°C and 28°C. Based on this score, the best time of year to visit Mukalla for general outdoor tourist activities is from early November to late March, with a peak score in the first week of January.
The travel score (filled area), and its constituents: the temperature score (red line), the cloud cover score (blue line), and the precipitation score (green line).
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Travel score (0–10) | 8.9 | 8.7 | 7.9 | 6.5 | 4.9 | 2.9 | 3.0 | 3.5 | 4.8 | 6.6 | 8.0 | 8.8 |
| Rating | ideal | ideal | ideal | good | fair | poor | poor | poor | fair | good | ideal | ideal |
| Travel score (0–10) | Rating | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 8.9 | ideal |
| Feb | 8.7 | ideal |
| Mar | 7.9 | ideal |
| Apr | 6.5 | good |
| May | 4.9 | fair |
| Jun | 2.9 | poor |
| Jul | 3.0 | poor |
| Aug | 3.5 | poor |
| Sep | 4.8 | fair |
| Oct | 6.6 | good |
| Nov | 8.0 | ideal |
| Dec | 8.8 | ideal |
The beach/pool score favors clear, rainless days with daytime highs between 24°C and 34°C. Based on this score, the best time of year to visit Mukalla for hot-weather activities is from late August to late May, with a peak score in the first week of November.
The beach/pool score (filled area), and its constituents: the temperature score (red line), the cloud cover score (blue line), and the precipitation score (green line).
What to pack for Mukalla, by month
Month by month, what's worth putting in the bag — from the temperature range, rain chance, sun and wind. Tap a month for a quick packing note.
For a warm-season trip around June (highs near 36°C), the essentials are light clothes and sun protection. In the cold season around January (highs near 25°C), pack light clothes and sun protection.
In June, Mukalla sees daytime highs around 36°C and nights near 28°C. Pack light clothes. Worth having: sun protection.
Sea temperature near Mukalla
Average ocean temperature at the nearest coast, month by month, banded into swim-comfort zones — the other half of the beach question.
The sea at the nearest coast (about 19 km away) is warmest in May at about 30°C and coldest in January near 26°C.
The water stays above 20°C all year — warm enough for a swim any month.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sea temperature (°C) | 26 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 30 | 30 | 28 | 28 | 29 | 28 | 27 | 26 |
| Comfort | Warm | Warm | Warm | Tropical | Tropical | Tropical | Tropical | Warm | Tropical | Tropical | Warm | Warm |
| Sea temperature (°C) | Comfort | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 26 | Warm |
| Feb | 26 | Warm |
| Mar | 27 | Warm |
| Apr | 28 | Tropical |
| May | 30 | Tropical |
| Jun | 30 | Tropical |
| Jul | 28 | Tropical |
| Aug | 28 | Warm |
| Sep | 29 | Tropical |
| Oct | 28 | Tropical |
| Nov | 27 | Warm |
| Dec | 26 | Warm |
UV index (midday) in Mukalla by month
Clear-sky midday UV index through the year, shaded by the WHO exposure levels — how much sun protection each month calls for.
Under clear skies, the midday UV index in Mukalla peaks around April 16 at about 13 (extreme) — sunscreen, a hat and midday shade are essential. It bottoms out near December 12 at about 7 (very high).
The index reaches 3 or more — the level where the WHO recommends sun protection — every month of the year.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UV index (midday) | 9 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 12 | 10 | 9 | 11 | 11 | 10 | 8 | 7 |
| Level | Very high | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Very high | Very high | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Very high | Very high |
| UV index (midday) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 9 | Very high |
| Feb | 11 | Extreme |
| Mar | 12 | Extreme |
| Apr | 13 | Extreme |
| May | 12 | Extreme |
| Jun | 10 | Very high |
| Jul | 9 | Very high |
| Aug | 11 | Extreme |
| Sep | 11 | Extreme |
| Oct | 10 | Extreme |
| Nov | 8 | Very high |
| Dec | 7 | Very high |
Average hourly UV index in Mukalla
Modeled clear-sky UV for every hour of every day — when in the day sun protection actually matters.
The whole year hour by hour: each column is a day, each row an hour, and the color is the modeled clear-sky UV index — the midday peak scaled down as the sun sits lower in the sky. Darker overlays mark night, lighter ones the civil-twilight hours around sunrise and sunset.
UV falls off far faster than brightness as the sun drops, so even in April the burn window is concentrated in the middle of the day: about 8.5 hours a day reach index 3 (protection recommended), and 6.5 hours reach 6 or more. Mornings and late afternoons stay comparatively gentle year round.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UV ≥ 3 (h/day) | 6.5 | 7.5 | 7.5 | 8.5 | 8 | 8 | 7.5 | 8 | 7.5 | 7.5 | 6.5 | 6 |
| UV ≥ 6 (h/day) | 4.5 | 5.5 | 6 | 6.5 | 6 | 5.5 | 5 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5 | 4 | 3 |
| UV ≥ 3 (h/day) | UV ≥ 6 (h/day) | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 6.5 | 4.5 |
| Feb | 7.5 | 5.5 |
| Mar | 7.5 | 6 |
| Apr | 8.5 | 6.5 |
| May | 8 | 6 |
| Jun | 8 | 5.5 |
| Jul | 7.5 | 5 |
| Aug | 8 | 5.5 |
| Sep | 7.5 | 5.5 |
| Oct | 7.5 | 5 |
| Nov | 6.5 | 4 |
| Dec | 6 | 3 |
Air quality in Mukalla by month
Average fine-particle pollution (PM2.5) through the year — so you can see which months the air is worst, not just the yearly average.
Air quality in Mukalla is worst in July — around 38 µg/m³ PM2.5 (poor), about 4.1× the cleanest month (October, 9 µg/m³).
Modeled monthly averages (CAMS reanalysis, 2015–2024).
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PM2.5 (µg/m³) | 25 | 26 | 22 | 18 | 17 | 31 | 38 | 26 | 16 | 9 | 14 | 18 |
| Level | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Poor | Moderate | Moderate | Good | Moderate | Moderate |
| PM2.5 (µg/m³) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 25 | Moderate |
| Feb | 26 | Moderate |
| Mar | 22 | Moderate |
| Apr | 18 | Moderate |
| May | 17 | Moderate |
| Jun | 31 | Moderate |
| Jul | 38 | Poor |
| Aug | 26 | Moderate |
| Sep | 16 | Moderate |
| Oct | 9 | Good |
| Nov | 14 | Moderate |
| Dec | 18 | Moderate |
Growing season
Mukalla is frost-free year round — even the coldest nights rarely reach freezing, so there is no start or end to the growing season.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Frost-free chance (%) | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
| Frost nights | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Frost-free chance (%) | Frost nights | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 100 | 0 |
| Feb | 100 | 0 |
| Mar | 100 | 0 |
| Apr | 100 | 0 |
| May | 100 | 0 |
| Jun | 100 | 0 |
| Jul | 100 | 0 |
| Aug | 100 | 0 |
| Sep | 100 | 0 |
| Oct | 100 | 0 |
| Nov | 100 | 0 |
| Dec | 100 | 0 |
Growing degree days
Growing degree days tally heat above 10°C: each day adds however many degrees its average temperature runs over that threshold, and cold days add nothing. Mukalla banks about 6,274 degree days a year, and the running total — which growers use to time plantings and predict maturity — climbs fastest around July.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Growing degree days (°C·days) | 378 | 360 | 456 | 508 | 598 | 658 | 684 | 666 | 583 | 519 | 451 | 412 |
| Growing degree days (°C·days) | |
|---|---|
| Jan | 378 |
| Feb | 360 |
| Mar | 456 |
| Apr | 508 |
| May | 598 |
| Jun | 658 |
| Jul | 684 |
| Aug | 666 |
| Sep | 583 |
| Oct | 519 |
| Nov | 451 |
| Dec | 412 |
Solar energy
Average daily shortwave solar energy reaching the ground, banded into brightness zones so the number means something at a glance.
Solar energy is how much sunlight actually reaches the ground each day, measured in kilowatt-hours per square metre (kWh/m²) — the combined effect of how long the sun is up, how high it climbs, and how much cloud gets in the way. It's the raw fuel a solar panel has to work with: for scale, 1 kWh/m² a day is dim and wintry, while 7+ is desert-bright.
Mukalla receives about 6.0 kWh/m² a day of solar energy on average — intense — with a clear seasonal swing between 5.4 and 7.1 kWh/m².
The brighter stretch of the year lasts 3.5 months, from around Feb 16 to Jun 2. The brightest month is April, averaging about 7.0 kWh/m² (intense).
The dimmest month is December, down near 5.4 kWh/m² — roughly 23% less than the April peak.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | 5.5 | 6.0 | 6.6 | 7.1 | 6.7 | 5.7 | 5.7 | 5.8 | 5.7 | 6.2 | 5.8 | 5.4 |
| Level | Bright | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Intense | Bright | Bright |
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 5.5 | Bright |
| Feb | 6.0 | Intense |
| Mar | 6.6 | Intense |
| Apr | 7.1 | Intense |
| May | 6.7 | Intense |
| Jun | 5.7 | Bright |
| Jul | 5.7 | Bright |
| Aug | 5.8 | Bright |
| Sep | 5.7 | Bright |
| Oct | 6.2 | Intense |
| Nov | 5.8 | Bright |
| Dec | 5.4 | Bright |
Where is Mukalla?
Mukalla sits at 14.5°N, 49.1°E, 39 m above sea level, in Yemen. The nearest listed city is Ghayl Bā Wazīr, 37 km away.
Topography around Mukalla
How much the land rises and falls, and what covers it, within 3, 16 and 80 km of Mukalla.
Within 3 km, the terrain around Mukalla has significant variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 388 m around an average of 77 m above sea level; within 16 km, very significant variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 1,299 m; within 80 km, very significant variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 2,142 m.
The land around Mukalla is covered by bare terrain (59%) and water (21%) within 3 km, bare terrain (50%) and water (41%) within 16 km, and bare terrain (68%) and water (31%) within 80 km.
Yemen travel facts
- Travel advisory
- Level 4
- Do Not Travel
- Power plugs
- Type A / D / G
- 240 V · 50 Hz
- Prices
- ≈ 7% of US
- price level, 2013
- GDP per capita
- $634
- 2018
- Happiness
- 3.5 / 10
- World Happiness, 2025
- Homicide rate
- 5.8
- per 100k, 2013
- Road deaths
- 29.4
- per 100k/yr, 2019
- Income group
- Low
- World Bank
- English
- Very low
- EF EPI 402
- Religion
Sources: World Bank, US State Department, World Happiness Report, WHO/UNICEF, EF EPI, CIA World Factbook.
Data sources
Temperature, precipitation, cloud, humidity, wind and solar figures are a 1991–2020 climatology for Mukalla (14.5425°, 49.1242°, elevation 39 m), computed from hourly ERA5 reanalysis — contains modified Copernicus Climate Change Service information. Sun figures are astronomical calculations, not observations. City data © GeoNames, CC BY 4.0. Map outlines from Natural Earth (public domain); interactive map © Google. Sea temperatures are the NOAA OISST v2.1 1991–2020 monthly climatology (public domain), sampled at the nearest ocean point. UV index is derived from CAMS (Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service) clear-sky UV data — contains modified Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service information. Monthly air-quality (PM2.5) seasonality is from the CAMS EAC4 reanalysis (Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service), scaled to the WHO annual mean where available. Topography is sampled from the Copernicus DEM GLO-90 elevation model (© ESA/Airbus) and ESA WorldCover 2021 land cover (CC BY 4.0).