Villa Mercedes weather in July
In July, Villa Mercedes sees average daytime highs of 16°C and overnight lows near 4°C, with 11 mm of precipitation across 2.5 wet days and about 10 hours of daylight. It is the 12th-warmest and 12th-wettest month of the year here.
Day-to-day highs hold fairly steady near 16°C through the month. The sky is clear or mostly clear about 54% of the time in July, and the air most often feels dry.
Daylight stretches from about 9 h 48 min at the start of July to 10 h 18 min by month's end. Set against the rest of the year, July is Villa Mercedes's 6th-clearest and 10th-windiest month. For the whole year in context, see Villa Mercedes's year-round climate.
- Daytime high
- 16°
- 12th warmest
- Overnight low
- 4°
- 1st coldest
- Precipitation
- 11 mm
- 2.5 wet days
- Daylight
- 10 hours
- 8:28 AM – 6:26 PM
- Cloud cover
- 41%
- 6th clearest
- Wind
- 11 km/h
- 10th windiest
- Solar energy
- 2.98 kWh/m²
- Travel score
- 6.3
- out of 10
Villa Mercedes is city in San Luis, Argentina.
- Founded
- 1856
Air quality: WHO Ambient Air Quality Database. Density & description: Wikidata (CC0), GeoNames.
Temperature in July
Day-to-day highs hold fairly steady near 16°C through the month.
A typical July day in Villa Mercedes reaches about 16°C in the afternoon and slips back to 4°C overnight — a 12°C spread between the day's warmth and the night's chill. On most days the high lands between 9°C and 23°C. Set against its neighbours, July runs on par with June and about 3°C cooler than August.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Avg high (°C) | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 |
| Avg low (°C) | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 |
| Avg high (°C) | Avg low (°C) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 16 | 4 |
| 2 | 16 | 4 |
| 3 | 16 | 4 |
| 4 | 16 | 4 |
| 5 | 16 | 4 |
| 6 | 16 | 4 |
| 7 | 16 | 4 |
| 8 | 16 | 4 |
| 9 | 16 | 4 |
| 10 | 16 | 4 |
| 11 | 16 | 4 |
| 12 | 16 | 4 |
| 13 | 16 | 4 |
| 14 | 16 | 4 |
| 15 | 16 | 4 |
| 16 | 16 | 4 |
| 17 | 16 | 4 |
| 18 | 16 | 4 |
| 19 | 16 | 4 |
| 20 | 16 | 4 |
| 21 | 16 | 4 |
| 22 | 16 | 4 |
| 23 | 16 | 4 |
| 24 | 17 | 4 |
| 25 | 17 | 4 |
| 26 | 17 | 4 |
| 27 | 17 | 4 |
| 28 | 17 | 4 |
| 29 | 17 | 4 |
| 30 | 17 | 4 |
| 31 | 17 | 4 |
Villa Mercedes weather by month
How July compares with the rest of the year at a glance. July is the 12th-warmest and 12th-wettest month here — the current month is highlighted below.
| Month | High / Low (°C) | Rainfall (mm) | Wet days | Daylight (hours) | Travel score |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 30° / 18° | 86 | 11.6 | 14 | 5.0 |
| Feb | 29° / 17° | 79 | 9.4 | 13.3 | 5.7 |
| Mar | 27° / 15° | 87 | 9.4 | 12.3 | 6.9 |
| Apr | 23° / 12° | 67 | 7.2 | 11.2 | 7.5 |
| May | 19° / 8° | 29 | 4.6 | 10.3 | 7.0 |
| Jun | 17° / 5° | 11 | 2.5 | 9.8 | 6.4 |
| Jul | 16° / 4° | 11 | 2.5 | 10 | 6.3 |
| Aug | 19° / 6° | 21 | 3 | 10.7 | 7.5 |
| Sep | 21° / 9° | 36 | 5.6 | 11.8 | 7.5 |
| Oct | 24° / 12° | 83 | 9.6 | 12.8 | 7.2 |
| Nov | 27° / 15° | 86 | 11.3 | 13.7 | 6.6 |
| Dec | 29° / 17° | 97 | 11.8 | 14.2 | 5.4 |
Cloud cover in July
The sky is clear or mostly clear about 54% of the time in July.
Beyond those clear spells, partly cloudy skies cover about 13% of July, with mostly cloudy or overcast conditions the remaining 33%. Skies tend to open up as the month goes on.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clearer (%) | 63 | 63 | 64 | 63 | 63 | 64 | 64 | 64 | 65 | 65 | 66 | 66 | 66 | 67 | 67 | 68 | 68 | 69 | 70 | 70 | 70 | 70 | 70 | 70 | 70 | 70 | 71 | 71 | 70 | 70 | 71 |
| Cloudier (%) | 37 | 37 | 36 | 37 | 37 | 36 | 36 | 36 | 35 | 35 | 34 | 34 | 34 | 33 | 33 | 32 | 32 | 31 | 30 | 30 | 30 | 30 | 30 | 30 | 30 | 30 | 29 | 29 | 30 | 30 | 29 |
| Clearer (%) | Cloudier (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 63 | 37 |
| 2 | 63 | 37 |
| 3 | 64 | 36 |
| 4 | 63 | 37 |
| 5 | 63 | 37 |
| 6 | 64 | 36 |
| 7 | 64 | 36 |
| 8 | 64 | 36 |
| 9 | 65 | 35 |
| 10 | 65 | 35 |
| 11 | 66 | 34 |
| 12 | 66 | 34 |
| 13 | 66 | 34 |
| 14 | 67 | 33 |
| 15 | 67 | 33 |
| 16 | 68 | 32 |
| 17 | 68 | 32 |
| 18 | 69 | 31 |
| 19 | 70 | 30 |
| 20 | 70 | 30 |
| 21 | 70 | 30 |
| 22 | 70 | 30 |
| 23 | 70 | 30 |
| 24 | 70 | 30 |
| 25 | 70 | 30 |
| 26 | 70 | 30 |
| 27 | 71 | 29 |
| 28 | 71 | 29 |
| 29 | 70 | 30 |
| 30 | 70 | 30 |
| 31 | 71 | 29 |
Chance of precipitation in July
Villa Mercedes gets around 11 mm of rain and snow over 2.5 wet days in July, the driest month. The line is the day-by-day chance of measurable precipitation.
Day to day, the chance of measurable precipitation averages around 8% and peaks near 9% on the wettest days, and about 0 day brings snow.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rain chance (%) | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 8 | 8 | 8 |
| Rain chance (%) | |
|---|---|
| 1 | 9 |
| 2 | 9 |
| 3 | 9 |
| 4 | 9 |
| 5 | 9 |
| 6 | 9 |
| 7 | 9 |
| 8 | 9 |
| 9 | 9 |
| 10 | 9 |
| 11 | 9 |
| 12 | 9 |
| 13 | 8 |
| 14 | 8 |
| 15 | 8 |
| 16 | 7 |
| 17 | 7 |
| 18 | 7 |
| 19 | 7 |
| 20 | 6 |
| 21 | 6 |
| 22 | 6 |
| 23 | 6 |
| 24 | 6 |
| 25 | 7 |
| 26 | 7 |
| 27 | 7 |
| 28 | 7 |
| 29 | 8 |
| 30 | 8 |
| 31 | 8 |
Humidity in July
Most of July feels dry — the stacked bands show each day's mix of comfort levels, read off the dew point.
By dew point, July lands in the dry band about 100% of days. It rarely turns muggy — the humid and sticky bands barely register.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dry (%) | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 99 | 99 | 99 | 99 | 99 | 99 | 99 |
| Comfortable (%) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Dry (%) | Comfortable (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 100 | 0 |
| 2 | 100 | 0 |
| 3 | 100 | 0 |
| 4 | 100 | 0 |
| 5 | 100 | 0 |
| 6 | 100 | 0 |
| 7 | 100 | 0 |
| 8 | 100 | 0 |
| 9 | 100 | 0 |
| 10 | 100 | 0 |
| 11 | 100 | 0 |
| 12 | 100 | 0 |
| 13 | 100 | 0 |
| 14 | 100 | 0 |
| 15 | 100 | 0 |
| 16 | 100 | 0 |
| 17 | 100 | 0 |
| 18 | 100 | 0 |
| 19 | 100 | 0 |
| 20 | 100 | 0 |
| 21 | 100 | 0 |
| 22 | 100 | 0 |
| 23 | 100 | 0 |
| 24 | 100 | 0 |
| 25 | 99 | 1 |
| 26 | 99 | 1 |
| 27 | 99 | 1 |
| 28 | 99 | 1 |
| 29 | 99 | 1 |
| 30 | 99 | 1 |
| 31 | 99 | 1 |
Wind in July
Winds average 11 km/h in July.
Across July, daily wind ranges from about 10 km/h on the calmest days to 11 km/h at its breeziest. It stays fairly steady from day to day.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wind speed (km/h) | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 |
| Feels | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm |
| Wind speed (km/h) | Feels | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 10 | calm |
| 2 | 10 | calm |
| 3 | 10 | calm |
| 4 | 10 | calm |
| 5 | 10 | calm |
| 6 | 11 | calm |
| 7 | 11 | calm |
| 8 | 11 | calm |
| 9 | 11 | calm |
| 10 | 11 | calm |
| 11 | 11 | calm |
| 12 | 11 | calm |
| 13 | 11 | calm |
| 14 | 11 | calm |
| 15 | 11 | calm |
| 16 | 11 | calm |
| 17 | 11 | calm |
| 18 | 11 | calm |
| 19 | 11 | calm |
| 20 | 11 | calm |
| 21 | 11 | calm |
| 22 | 11 | calm |
| 23 | 11 | calm |
| 24 | 11 | calm |
| 25 | 11 | calm |
| 26 | 11 | calm |
| 27 | 11 | calm |
| 28 | 11 | calm |
| 29 | 11 | calm |
| 30 | 11 | calm |
| 31 | 11 | calm |
Sunrise & sunset in July
Daylight runs from about 9 h 48 min at the start of July to 10 h 18 min by month's end. The lit band spans sunrise to sunset each day.
Days grow by about 30 minutes over July. Sunrise moves from 8:32 AM to 8:19 AM, and sunset from 6:19 PM to 6:36 PM.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Daylight (h) | 9.8 | 9.8 | 9.8 | 9.8 | 9.8 | 9.8 | 9.8 | 9.9 | 9.9 | 9.9 | 9.9 | 9.9 | 9.9 | 9.9 | 9.9 | 10.0 | 10.0 | 10.0 | 10.0 | 10.0 | 10.1 | 10.1 | 10.1 | 10.1 | 10.1 | 10.2 | 10.2 | 10.2 | 10.2 | 10.3 | 10.3 |
| Sunrise (AM) | 8:32 | 8:31 | 8:31 | 8:31 | 8:31 | 8:31 | 8:31 | 8:31 | 8:31 | 8:30 | 8:30 | 8:30 | 8:30 | 8:29 | 8:29 | 8:28 | 8:28 | 8:28 | 8:27 | 8:27 | 8:26 | 8:26 | 8:25 | 8:24 | 8:24 | 8:23 | 8:22 | 8:22 | 8:21 | 8:20 | 8:19 |
| Sunset (PM) | 6:19 | 6:19 | 6:20 | 6:20 | 6:21 | 6:21 | 6:21 | 6:22 | 6:22 | 6:23 | 6:24 | 6:24 | 6:25 | 6:25 | 6:26 | 6:26 | 6:27 | 6:28 | 6:28 | 6:29 | 6:30 | 6:30 | 6:31 | 6:32 | 6:32 | 6:33 | 6:34 | 6:34 | 6:35 | 6:36 | 6:36 |
| Daylight (h) | Sunrise (AM) | Sunset (PM) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 9.8 | 8:32 | 6:19 |
| 2 | 9.8 | 8:31 | 6:19 |
| 3 | 9.8 | 8:31 | 6:20 |
| 4 | 9.8 | 8:31 | 6:20 |
| 5 | 9.8 | 8:31 | 6:21 |
| 6 | 9.8 | 8:31 | 6:21 |
| 7 | 9.8 | 8:31 | 6:21 |
| 8 | 9.9 | 8:31 | 6:22 |
| 9 | 9.9 | 8:31 | 6:22 |
| 10 | 9.9 | 8:30 | 6:23 |
| 11 | 9.9 | 8:30 | 6:24 |
| 12 | 9.9 | 8:30 | 6:24 |
| 13 | 9.9 | 8:30 | 6:25 |
| 14 | 9.9 | 8:29 | 6:25 |
| 15 | 9.9 | 8:29 | 6:26 |
| 16 | 10.0 | 8:28 | 6:26 |
| 17 | 10.0 | 8:28 | 6:27 |
| 18 | 10.0 | 8:28 | 6:28 |
| 19 | 10.0 | 8:27 | 6:28 |
| 20 | 10.0 | 8:27 | 6:29 |
| 21 | 10.1 | 8:26 | 6:30 |
| 22 | 10.1 | 8:26 | 6:30 |
| 23 | 10.1 | 8:25 | 6:31 |
| 24 | 10.1 | 8:24 | 6:32 |
| 25 | 10.1 | 8:24 | 6:32 |
| 26 | 10.2 | 8:23 | 6:33 |
| 27 | 10.2 | 8:22 | 6:34 |
| 28 | 10.2 | 8:22 | 6:34 |
| 29 | 10.2 | 8:21 | 6:35 |
| 30 | 10.3 | 8:20 | 6:36 |
| 31 | 10.3 | 8:19 | 6:36 |
Solar energy in July
Average shortwave solar energy reaching the ground each day in July, about 2.98 kWh/m².
For context, solar energy here swings from a low near 2.71 kWh/m² to a high of 7.49 kWh/m² in December across the year — July's 2.98 kWh/m² sits near the bottom.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | 2.7 | 2.7 | 2.7 | 2.7 | 2.8 | 2.8 | 2.8 | 2.8 | 2.8 | 2.8 | 2.9 | 2.9 | 2.9 | 2.9 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3.1 | 3.1 | 3.1 | 3.1 | 3.2 | 3.2 | 3.2 | 3.3 | 3.3 | 3.3 | 3.3 | 3.4 | 3.4 |
| Level | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate |
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2.7 | Moderate |
| 2 | 2.7 | Moderate |
| 3 | 2.7 | Moderate |
| 4 | 2.7 | Moderate |
| 5 | 2.8 | Moderate |
| 6 | 2.8 | Moderate |
| 7 | 2.8 | Moderate |
| 8 | 2.8 | Moderate |
| 9 | 2.8 | Moderate |
| 10 | 2.8 | Moderate |
| 11 | 2.9 | Moderate |
| 12 | 2.9 | Moderate |
| 13 | 2.9 | Moderate |
| 14 | 2.9 | Moderate |
| 15 | 3.0 | Moderate |
| 16 | 3.0 | Moderate |
| 17 | 3.0 | Moderate |
| 18 | 3.0 | Moderate |
| 19 | 3.1 | Moderate |
| 20 | 3.1 | Moderate |
| 21 | 3.1 | Moderate |
| 22 | 3.1 | Moderate |
| 23 | 3.2 | Moderate |
| 24 | 3.2 | Moderate |
| 25 | 3.2 | Moderate |
| 26 | 3.3 | Moderate |
| 27 | 3.3 | Moderate |
| 28 | 3.3 | Moderate |
| 29 | 3.3 | Moderate |
| 30 | 3.4 | Moderate |
| 31 | 3.4 | Moderate |
Hazard calendar for Villa Mercedes
None of Villa Mercedes's seasonal hazards are active in July. The full-year calendar below shows when the rainy season, cyclone risk and dust haze do peak.
Villa Mercedes's rainy season runs October–April, when most of the year's rain falls.
Is July a good time to visit Villa Mercedes?
Our two travel scores rate July for general sightseeing and for beach or pool weather — 0 (poor) to 10 (ideal).
July is a reasonable time to visit Villa Mercedes for sightseeing.
What to pack for Villa Mercedes in July
From July's temperature range, rain chance, sun and wind — what's worth putting in the bag.
In July, Villa Mercedes sees daytime highs around 16°C and nights near 4°C. Worth packing: a warm layer.
UV index in Villa Mercedes in July
Clear-sky midday UV in July peaks around 3 — enough to warrant sun protection. The full-year curve, shaded by WHO exposure level, is below.
Under clear skies, the midday UV index in Villa Mercedes peaks around January 17 at about 14 (extreme) — sunscreen, a hat and midday shade are essential. It bottoms out near June 21 at about 3 (moderate).
The index reaches 3 or more — the level where the WHO recommends sun protection — in 11 months of the year.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UV index (midday) | 14 | 13 | 10 | 6 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 6 | 10 | 12 | 13 |
| Level | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | High | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | High | Very high | Extreme | Extreme |
| UV index (midday) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 14 | Extreme |
| Feb | 13 | Extreme |
| Mar | 10 | Extreme |
| Apr | 6 | High |
| May | 4 | Moderate |
| Jun | 3 | Moderate |
| Jul | 3 | Moderate |
| Aug | 4 | Moderate |
| Sep | 6 | High |
| Oct | 10 | Very high |
| Nov | 12 | Extreme |
| Dec | 13 | Extreme |
Where is Villa Mercedes?
Villa Mercedes sits at 33.7°S, 65.5°W, 516 m above sea level, in Argentina. The nearest listed city is San Luis, 91 km away.
Topography around Villa Mercedes
How much the land rises and falls, and what covers it, within 3, 16 and 80 km of Villa Mercedes.
Within 3 km, the terrain around Villa Mercedes has only modest variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 30 m around an average of 514 m above sea level; within 16 km, only modest variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 204 m; within 80 km, very significant variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 1,418 m.
The land around Villa Mercedes is covered by artificial surfaces (58%) and grassland (27%) within 3 km, cropland (52%) and grassland (24%) within 16 km, and cropland (59%) and grassland (31%) within 80 km.
Argentina travel facts
- Travel advisory
- Level 1
- Exercise Normal Precautions
- Power plugs
- Type C / I
- 220 V · 50 Hz
- Prices
- ≈ 46% of US
- price level, 2025
- GDP per capita
- $14,898
- 2025
- Happiness
- 6.4 / 10
- World Happiness, 2025
- Homicide rate
- 4.5
- per 100k, 2023
- Road deaths
- 14.1
- per 100k/yr, 2019
- Income group
- Upper middle
- World Bank
- English
- High
- EF EPI 575
- Religion
Sources: World Bank, US State Department, World Happiness Report, WHO/UNICEF, EF EPI, CIA World Factbook.
Data sources
Temperature, precipitation, cloud, humidity, wind and solar figures are a 1991–2020 climatology for Villa Mercedes (-33.6757°, -65.4578°, elevation 516 m), computed from hourly ERA5 reanalysis — contains modified Copernicus Climate Change Service information. Sun figures are astronomical calculations, not observations. City data © GeoNames, CC BY 4.0. Map outlines from Natural Earth (public domain); interactive map © Google. UV index is derived from CAMS (Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service) clear-sky UV data — contains modified Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service information. Topography is sampled from the Copernicus DEM GLO-90 elevation model (© ESA/Airbus) and ESA WorldCover 2021 land cover (CC BY 4.0).