Zapala weather in December
In December, Zapala sees average daytime highs of 25°C and overnight lows near 9°C, with 14 mm of rain across 2.6 wet days and about 14.7 hours of daylight. It is the 3rd-warmest and 11th-wettest month of the year here.
Highs climb over the month, from about 24°C in the first days to 27°C by the end. The sky is clear or mostly clear about 68% of the time in December, and the air most often feels dry.
Daylight stretches from about 14 h 30 min at the start of December to 14 h 42 min by month's end. Set against the rest of the year, December is Zapala's 3rd-clearest and 1st-windiest month. For the whole year in context, see Zapala's year-round climate.
- Daytime high
- 25°
- 3rd warmest
- Overnight low
- 9°
- 10th coldest
- Rainfall
- 14 mm
- 2.6 wet days
- Daylight
- 14 h 42 min
- 6:15 AM – 8:58 PM
- Cloud cover
- 31%
- 3rd clearest
- Wind
- 14 km/h
- 1st windiest
- Solar energy
- 8.77 kWh/m²
- Travel score
- 8.5
- out of 10
Zapala is city in Argentina.
- Density
- 70/km²
- people per km²
- Founded
- 1913
Air quality: WHO Ambient Air Quality Database. Density & description: Wikidata (CC0), GeoNames.
Temperature in December
Highs climb over the month, from about 24°C in the first days to 27°C by the end.
A typical December day in Zapala reaches about 25°C in the afternoon and slips back to 9°C overnight — a 16°C spread between the day's warmth and the night's chill. On most days the high lands between 19°C and 31°C. Set against its neighbours, December runs about 3°C warmer than November and about 2°C cooler than January.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Avg high (°C) | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 26 | 26 | 26 | 26 | 26 | 26 | 26 | 26 | 27 | 27 | 27 | 27 | 27 | 27 | 27 |
| Avg low (°C) | 8 | 8 | 8 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 11 | 11 |
| Avg high (°C) | Avg low (°C) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 24 | 8 |
| 2 | 24 | 8 |
| 3 | 24 | 8 |
| 4 | 24 | 9 |
| 5 | 24 | 9 |
| 6 | 24 | 9 |
| 7 | 24 | 9 |
| 8 | 24 | 9 |
| 9 | 25 | 9 |
| 10 | 25 | 9 |
| 11 | 25 | 9 |
| 12 | 25 | 9 |
| 13 | 25 | 9 |
| 14 | 25 | 9 |
| 15 | 25 | 9 |
| 16 | 25 | 9 |
| 17 | 26 | 10 |
| 18 | 26 | 10 |
| 19 | 26 | 10 |
| 20 | 26 | 10 |
| 21 | 26 | 10 |
| 22 | 26 | 10 |
| 23 | 26 | 10 |
| 24 | 26 | 10 |
| 25 | 27 | 10 |
| 26 | 27 | 10 |
| 27 | 27 | 10 |
| 28 | 27 | 10 |
| 29 | 27 | 10 |
| 30 | 27 | 11 |
| 31 | 27 | 11 |
How December really feels in Zapala
Once humidity and wind are folded in, December averages 0 days that feel above 32°C and 0 that feel at or below 0°C — the comfort signal a plain temperature reading hides.
December sits comfortably in between — no days that feel dangerously hot or drop to a hard freeze once humidity and wind are folded in.
Zapala weather by month
How December compares with the rest of the year at a glance. December is the 3rd-warmest and 11th-wettest month here — the current month is highlighted below.
| Month | High / Low (°C) | Rainfall (mm) | Wet days | Snow days | Daylight (hours) | Travel score |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 28° / 11° | 11 | 2.3 | 0 | 14.4 | 8.2 |
| Feb | 26° / 11° | 14 | 3 | 0 | 13.5 | 8.3 |
| Mar | 23° / 8° | 20 | 3 | 0 | 12.3 | 8.3 |
| Apr | 17° / 4° | 32 | 4.6 | 0 | 11 | 6.5 |
| May | 12° / 2° | 45 | 6.9 | 0.7 | 9.9 | 3.6 |
| Jun | 8° / -1° | 59 | 8.8 | 2.2 | 9.3 | 1.5 |
| Jul | 8° / -2° | 44 | 6.9 | 2.7 | 9.6 | 1.4 |
| Aug | 10° / -1° | 33 | 6.1 | 1.6 | 10.5 | 2.6 |
| Sep | 14° / 1° | 24 | 4.7 | 1 | 11.7 | 4.5 |
| Oct | 18° / 4° | 32 | 5 | 0.6 | 13 | 6.6 |
| Nov | 22° / 7° | 19 | 3.1 | 0.1 | 14.1 | 8.1 |
| Dec | 25° / 9° | 14 | 2.6 | 0 | 14.7 | 8.5 |
Cloud cover in December
The sky is clear or mostly clear about 68% of the time in December.
Beyond those clear spells, partly cloudy skies cover about 14% of December, with mostly cloudy or overcast conditions the remaining 18%. Skies tend to open up as the month goes on.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clearer (%) | 78 | 78 | 78 | 78 | 79 | 79 | 79 | 79 | 79 | 80 | 80 | 81 | 81 | 81 | 81 | 82 | 82 | 82 | 83 | 83 | 83 | 84 | 84 | 84 | 84 | 84 | 85 | 86 | 86 | 86 | 86 |
| Cloudier (%) | 22 | 22 | 22 | 22 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 20 | 20 | 19 | 19 | 19 | 19 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 15 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 |
| Clearer (%) | Cloudier (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 78 | 22 |
| 2 | 78 | 22 |
| 3 | 78 | 22 |
| 4 | 78 | 22 |
| 5 | 79 | 21 |
| 6 | 79 | 21 |
| 7 | 79 | 21 |
| 8 | 79 | 21 |
| 9 | 79 | 21 |
| 10 | 80 | 20 |
| 11 | 80 | 20 |
| 12 | 81 | 19 |
| 13 | 81 | 19 |
| 14 | 81 | 19 |
| 15 | 81 | 19 |
| 16 | 82 | 18 |
| 17 | 82 | 18 |
| 18 | 82 | 18 |
| 19 | 83 | 17 |
| 20 | 83 | 17 |
| 21 | 83 | 17 |
| 22 | 84 | 16 |
| 23 | 84 | 16 |
| 24 | 84 | 16 |
| 25 | 84 | 16 |
| 26 | 84 | 16 |
| 27 | 85 | 15 |
| 28 | 86 | 14 |
| 29 | 86 | 14 |
| 30 | 86 | 14 |
| 31 | 86 | 14 |
Chance of precipitation in December
Zapala gets around 14 mm of rain over 2.6 wet days in December. The line is the day-by-day chance of measurable precipitation.
Day to day, the chance of measurable rain averages around 8% and peaks near 11% on the wettest days.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rain chance (%) | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 9 | 9 | 8 | 8 | 7 | 7 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 8 | 8 |
| Rain chance (%) | |
|---|---|
| 1 | 10 |
| 2 | 10 |
| 3 | 10 |
| 4 | 10 |
| 5 | 11 |
| 6 | 11 |
| 7 | 11 |
| 8 | 11 |
| 9 | 10 |
| 10 | 10 |
| 11 | 10 |
| 12 | 9 |
| 13 | 9 |
| 14 | 8 |
| 15 | 8 |
| 16 | 7 |
| 17 | 7 |
| 18 | 6 |
| 19 | 6 |
| 20 | 6 |
| 21 | 6 |
| 22 | 6 |
| 23 | 6 |
| 24 | 6 |
| 25 | 6 |
| 26 | 7 |
| 27 | 7 |
| 28 | 7 |
| 29 | 7 |
| 30 | 8 |
| 31 | 8 |
Humidity in December
Most of December feels dry — the stacked bands show each day's mix of comfort levels, read off the dew point.
By dew point, December lands in the dry band about 100% of days. It rarely turns muggy — the humid and sticky bands barely register.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dry (%) | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
| Dry (%) | |
|---|---|
| 1 | 100 |
| 2 | 100 |
| 3 | 100 |
| 4 | 100 |
| 5 | 100 |
| 6 | 100 |
| 7 | 100 |
| 8 | 100 |
| 9 | 100 |
| 10 | 100 |
| 11 | 100 |
| 12 | 100 |
| 13 | 100 |
| 14 | 100 |
| 15 | 100 |
| 16 | 100 |
| 17 | 100 |
| 18 | 100 |
| 19 | 100 |
| 20 | 100 |
| 21 | 100 |
| 22 | 100 |
| 23 | 100 |
| 24 | 100 |
| 25 | 100 |
| 26 | 100 |
| 27 | 100 |
| 28 | 100 |
| 29 | 100 |
| 30 | 100 |
| 31 | 100 |
Wind in December
Winds average 14 km/h in December, the windiest month of the year.
Across December, daily wind ranges from about 13 km/h on the calmest days to 14 km/h at its breeziest. It stays fairly steady from day to day.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wind speed (km/h) | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 |
| Feels | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze |
| Wind speed (km/h) | Feels | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 14 | light breeze |
| 2 | 14 | light breeze |
| 3 | 14 | light breeze |
| 4 | 14 | light breeze |
| 5 | 14 | light breeze |
| 6 | 14 | light breeze |
| 7 | 14 | light breeze |
| 8 | 14 | light breeze |
| 9 | 14 | light breeze |
| 10 | 14 | light breeze |
| 11 | 14 | light breeze |
| 12 | 14 | light breeze |
| 13 | 14 | light breeze |
| 14 | 14 | light breeze |
| 15 | 14 | light breeze |
| 16 | 14 | light breeze |
| 17 | 14 | light breeze |
| 18 | 14 | light breeze |
| 19 | 14 | light breeze |
| 20 | 14 | light breeze |
| 21 | 14 | light breeze |
| 22 | 14 | light breeze |
| 23 | 14 | light breeze |
| 24 | 14 | light breeze |
| 25 | 14 | light breeze |
| 26 | 14 | light breeze |
| 27 | 13 | light breeze |
| 28 | 13 | light breeze |
| 29 | 13 | light breeze |
| 30 | 13 | light breeze |
| 31 | 13 | light breeze |
Sunrise & sunset in December
Daylight runs from about 14 h 30 min at the start of December to 14 h 42 min by month's end. The lit band spans sunrise to sunset each day.
Days grow by about 12 minutes over December. Sunrise moves from 6:14 AM to 6:23 AM, and sunset from 8:46 PM to 9:04 PM.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Daylight (h) | 14.5 | 14.5 | 14.6 | 14.6 | 14.6 | 14.6 | 14.6 | 14.6 | 14.7 | 14.7 | 14.7 | 14.7 | 14.7 | 14.7 | 14.7 | 14.7 | 14.7 | 14.7 | 14.7 | 14.7 | 14.7 | 14.7 | 14.7 | 14.7 | 14.7 | 14.7 | 14.7 | 14.7 | 14.7 | 14.7 | 14.7 |
| Sunrise (AM) | 6:14 | 6:14 | 6:14 | 6:14 | 6:14 | 6:14 | 6:14 | 6:14 | 6:14 | 6:14 | 6:14 | 6:14 | 6:14 | 6:15 | 6:15 | 6:15 | 6:15 | 6:16 | 6:16 | 6:16 | 6:17 | 6:17 | 6:18 | 6:18 | 6:19 | 6:19 | 6:20 | 6:21 | 6:21 | 6:22 | 6:23 |
| Sunset (PM) | 8:46 | 8:47 | 8:48 | 8:49 | 8:49 | 8:50 | 8:51 | 8:52 | 8:53 | 8:54 | 8:54 | 8:55 | 8:56 | 8:57 | 8:57 | 8:58 | 8:58 | 8:59 | 9:00 | 9:00 | 9:01 | 9:01 | 9:02 | 9:02 | 9:02 | 9:03 | 9:03 | 9:03 | 9:04 | 9:04 | 9:04 |
| Daylight (h) | Sunrise (AM) | Sunset (PM) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 14.5 | 6:14 | 8:46 |
| 2 | 14.5 | 6:14 | 8:47 |
| 3 | 14.6 | 6:14 | 8:48 |
| 4 | 14.6 | 6:14 | 8:49 |
| 5 | 14.6 | 6:14 | 8:49 |
| 6 | 14.6 | 6:14 | 8:50 |
| 7 | 14.6 | 6:14 | 8:51 |
| 8 | 14.6 | 6:14 | 8:52 |
| 9 | 14.7 | 6:14 | 8:53 |
| 10 | 14.7 | 6:14 | 8:54 |
| 11 | 14.7 | 6:14 | 8:54 |
| 12 | 14.7 | 6:14 | 8:55 |
| 13 | 14.7 | 6:14 | 8:56 |
| 14 | 14.7 | 6:15 | 8:57 |
| 15 | 14.7 | 6:15 | 8:57 |
| 16 | 14.7 | 6:15 | 8:58 |
| 17 | 14.7 | 6:15 | 8:58 |
| 18 | 14.7 | 6:16 | 8:59 |
| 19 | 14.7 | 6:16 | 9:00 |
| 20 | 14.7 | 6:16 | 9:00 |
| 21 | 14.7 | 6:17 | 9:01 |
| 22 | 14.7 | 6:17 | 9:01 |
| 23 | 14.7 | 6:18 | 9:02 |
| 24 | 14.7 | 6:18 | 9:02 |
| 25 | 14.7 | 6:19 | 9:02 |
| 26 | 14.7 | 6:19 | 9:03 |
| 27 | 14.7 | 6:20 | 9:03 |
| 28 | 14.7 | 6:21 | 9:03 |
| 29 | 14.7 | 6:21 | 9:04 |
| 30 | 14.7 | 6:22 | 9:04 |
| 31 | 14.7 | 6:23 | 9:04 |
Solar energy in December
Average shortwave solar energy reaching the ground each day in December, about 8.77 kWh/m² — the sunniest month for solar.
For context, solar energy here swings from a low near 2.08 kWh/m² to a high of 8.77 kWh/m² in December across the year — December's 8.77 kWh/m² sits near the top of that range.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | 8.5 | 8.5 | 8.5 | 8.6 | 8.6 | 8.6 | 8.6 | 8.6 | 8.7 | 8.7 | 8.7 | 8.7 | 8.7 | 8.8 | 8.8 | 8.8 | 8.8 | 8.8 | 8.8 | 8.9 | 8.9 | 8.9 | 8.9 | 8.9 | 8.9 | 8.9 | 8.9 | 8.9 | 8.9 | 8.9 | 8.9 |
| Level | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense |
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 8.5 | Intense |
| 2 | 8.5 | Intense |
| 3 | 8.5 | Intense |
| 4 | 8.6 | Intense |
| 5 | 8.6 | Intense |
| 6 | 8.6 | Intense |
| 7 | 8.6 | Intense |
| 8 | 8.6 | Intense |
| 9 | 8.7 | Intense |
| 10 | 8.7 | Intense |
| 11 | 8.7 | Intense |
| 12 | 8.7 | Intense |
| 13 | 8.7 | Intense |
| 14 | 8.8 | Intense |
| 15 | 8.8 | Intense |
| 16 | 8.8 | Intense |
| 17 | 8.8 | Intense |
| 18 | 8.8 | Intense |
| 19 | 8.8 | Intense |
| 20 | 8.9 | Intense |
| 21 | 8.9 | Intense |
| 22 | 8.9 | Intense |
| 23 | 8.9 | Intense |
| 24 | 8.9 | Intense |
| 25 | 8.9 | Intense |
| 26 | 8.9 | Intense |
| 27 | 8.9 | Intense |
| 28 | 8.9 | Intense |
| 29 | 8.9 | Intense |
| 30 | 8.9 | Intense |
| 31 | 8.9 | Intense |
Is December a good time to visit Zapala?
Our two travel scores rate December for general sightseeing and for beach or pool weather — 0 (poor) to 10 (ideal).
December is one of the better times to visit Zapala for general sightseeing. The water and warmth also suit a beach or pool day.
What to pack for Zapala in December
From December's temperature range, rain chance, sun and wind — what's worth putting in the bag.
In December, Zapala sees daytime highs around 25°C and nights near 9°C. Pack sun protection. Worth having: light clothes.
UV index in Zapala in December
Clear-sky midday UV in December peaks around 13 (very high — sun protection essential). The full-year curve, shaded by WHO exposure level, is below.
Under clear skies, the midday UV index in Zapala peaks around December 21 at about 13 (extreme) — sunscreen, a hat and midday shade are essential. It bottoms out near June 18 at about 2 (low).
The index reaches 3 or more — the level where the WHO recommends sun protection — in 9 months of the year.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UV index (midday) | 12 | 12 | 9 | 5 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 5 | 9 | 10 | 13 |
| Level | Extreme | Extreme | Very high | High | Moderate | Low | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Very high | Very high | Extreme |
| UV index (midday) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 12 | Extreme |
| Feb | 12 | Extreme |
| Mar | 9 | Very high |
| Apr | 5 | High |
| May | 3 | Moderate |
| Jun | 2 | Low |
| Jul | 2 | Moderate |
| Aug | 3 | Moderate |
| Sep | 5 | Moderate |
| Oct | 9 | Very high |
| Nov | 10 | Very high |
| Dec | 13 | Extreme |
Where is Zapala?
Zapala sits at 38.9°S, 70.1°W, 1,019 m above sea level, in Argentina. The nearest listed city is Cutral-Có, 72 km away.
Topography around Zapala
How much the land rises and falls, and what covers it, within 3, 16 and 80 km of Zapala.
Within 3 km, the terrain around Zapala has only modest variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 122 m around an average of 1,023 m above sea level; within 16 km, significant variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 502 m; within 80 km, very significant variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 2,343 m.
The land around Zapala is covered by grassland (56%) and artificial surfaces (27%) within 3 km, grassland (79%) within 16 km, and grassland (66%) and bare terrain (21%) within 80 km.
Argentina travel facts
- Travel advisory
- Level 1
- Exercise Normal Precautions
- Power plugs
- Type C / I
- 220 V · 50 Hz
- Prices
- ≈ 46% of US
- price level, 2025
- GDP per capita
- $14,898
- 2025
- Happiness
- 6.4 / 10
- World Happiness, 2025
- Homicide rate
- 4.5
- per 100k, 2023
- Road deaths
- 14.1
- per 100k/yr, 2019
- Income group
- Upper middle
- World Bank
- English
- High
- EF EPI 575
- Religion
Sources: World Bank, US State Department, World Happiness Report, WHO/UNICEF, EF EPI, CIA World Factbook.
Data sources
Temperature, precipitation, cloud, humidity, wind and solar figures are a 1991–2020 climatology for Zapala (-38.9006°, -70.0667°, elevation 1,019 m), computed from hourly ERA5 reanalysis — contains modified Copernicus Climate Change Service information. Sun figures are astronomical calculations, not observations. City data © GeoNames, CC BY 4.0. Map outlines from Natural Earth (public domain); interactive map © Google. UV index is derived from CAMS (Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service) clear-sky UV data — contains modified Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service information. Topography is sampled from the Copernicus DEM GLO-90 elevation model (© ESA/Airbus) and ESA WorldCover 2021 land cover (CC BY 4.0).