Ivanovo weather in November
In November, Ivanovo sees average daytime highs of 5°C and overnight lows near 0°C, with 43 mm of precipitation across 9.1 wet days and about 8.5 hours of daylight. It is the 9th-warmest and 8th-wettest month of the year here.
Highs ease over the month, from about 8°C in the first days to 2°C by the end. The sky is clear or mostly clear about 9% of the time in November, and the air most often feels dry.
Daylight stretches from about 9 h 18 min at the start of November to 7 h 54 min by month's end. Set against the rest of the year, November is Ivanovo's 10th-clearest and 5th-windiest month. For the whole year in context, see Ivanovo's year-round climate.
- Daytime high
- 5°
- 9th warmest
- Overnight low
- 0°
- 5th coldest
- Precipitation
- 43 mm
- 9.1 wet days
- Daylight
- 8 h 30 min
- 8:49 AM – 5:17 PM
- Cloud cover
- 83%
- 10th clearest
- Wind
- 15 km/h
- 5th windiest
- Solar energy
- 0.8 kWh/m²
- Travel score
- 0.4
- out of 10
Ivanovo is city in Belarus.
- Founded
- 1350
Air quality: WHO Ambient Air Quality Database. Density & description: Wikidata (CC0), GeoNames.
Temperature in November
Highs ease over the month, from about 8°C in the first days to 2°C by the end.
A typical November day in Ivanovo reaches about 5°C in the afternoon and slips back to 0°C overnight — a 5°C spread between the day's warmth and the night's chill. On most days the high lands between -1°C and 11°C. Set against its neighbours, November runs about 7°C cooler than October and about 4°C warmer than December.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Avg high (°C) | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 |
| Avg low (°C) | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -1 | -1 | -1 | -1 | -1 | -1 | -2 | -2 | -2 |
| Avg high (°C) | Avg low (°C) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 8 | 2 |
| 2 | 8 | 2 |
| 3 | 8 | 2 |
| 4 | 8 | 2 |
| 5 | 7 | 2 |
| 6 | 7 | 2 |
| 7 | 7 | 2 |
| 8 | 7 | 2 |
| 9 | 7 | 2 |
| 10 | 6 | 2 |
| 11 | 6 | 1 |
| 12 | 6 | 1 |
| 13 | 6 | 1 |
| 14 | 5 | 1 |
| 15 | 5 | 1 |
| 16 | 5 | 1 |
| 17 | 5 | 0 |
| 18 | 4 | 0 |
| 19 | 4 | 0 |
| 20 | 4 | 0 |
| 21 | 4 | 0 |
| 22 | 3 | -1 |
| 23 | 3 | -1 |
| 24 | 3 | -1 |
| 25 | 3 | -1 |
| 26 | 3 | -1 |
| 27 | 2 | -1 |
| 28 | 2 | -2 |
| 29 | 2 | -2 |
| 30 | 2 | -2 |
How November really feels in Ivanovo
Once humidity and wind are folded in, November averages 0 days that feel above 32°C and 30 that feel at or below 0°C — the comfort signal a plain temperature reading hides.
The story in November is cold — wind chill drags the overnight "feels like" below the raw low.
Ivanovo weather by month
How November compares with the rest of the year at a glance. November is the 9th-warmest and 8th-wettest month here — the current month is highlighted below.
| Month | High / Low (°C) | Rainfall (mm) | Wet days | Snow days | Daylight (hours) | Travel score |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | -1° / -5° | 35 | 9.3 | 6.6 | 8 | 0.0 |
| Feb | 1° / -5° | 33 | 9.1 | 7 | 9.5 | 0.0 |
| Mar | 6° / -1° | 40 | 9.9 | 4 | 11.5 | 0.6 |
| Apr | 13° / 4° | 46 | 9.9 | 1.2 | 13.6 | 3.7 |
| May | 19° / 9° | 69 | 12.1 | 0 | 15.4 | 5.8 |
| Jun | 22° / 12° | 69 | 12.2 | 0 | 16.4 | 6.2 |
| Jul | 24° / 14° | 89 | 12.8 | 0 | 16 | 6.5 |
| Aug | 24° / 13° | 60 | 9.6 | 0 | 14.4 | 6.9 |
| Sep | 18° / 9° | 57 | 9.3 | 0 | 12.4 | 5.7 |
| Oct | 12° / 4° | 48 | 9.4 | 0.5 | 10.4 | 3.0 |
| Nov | 5° / 0° | 43 | 9.1 | 3.3 | 8.5 | 0.4 |
| Dec | 1° / -4° | 42 | 10.2 | 6.3 | 7.6 | 0.0 |
Cloud cover in November
The sky is clear or mostly clear about 9% of the time in November.
Beyond those clear spells, partly cloudy skies cover about 7% of November, with mostly cloudy or overcast conditions the remaining 84%. Skies tend to cloud over as the month goes on.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clearer (%) | 25 | 24 | 22 | 22 | 22 | 21 | 21 | 20 | 19 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 |
| Cloudier (%) | 75 | 76 | 78 | 78 | 78 | 79 | 79 | 80 | 81 | 83 | 83 | 83 | 85 | 85 | 85 | 85 | 85 | 85 | 87 | 87 | 87 | 87 | 87 | 87 | 87 | 87 | 87 | 87 | 87 | 87 |
| Clearer (%) | Cloudier (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 25 | 75 |
| 2 | 24 | 76 |
| 3 | 22 | 78 |
| 4 | 22 | 78 |
| 5 | 22 | 78 |
| 6 | 21 | 79 |
| 7 | 21 | 79 |
| 8 | 20 | 80 |
| 9 | 19 | 81 |
| 10 | 17 | 83 |
| 11 | 17 | 83 |
| 12 | 17 | 83 |
| 13 | 15 | 85 |
| 14 | 15 | 85 |
| 15 | 15 | 85 |
| 16 | 15 | 85 |
| 17 | 15 | 85 |
| 18 | 15 | 85 |
| 19 | 13 | 87 |
| 20 | 13 | 87 |
| 21 | 13 | 87 |
| 22 | 13 | 87 |
| 23 | 13 | 87 |
| 24 | 13 | 87 |
| 25 | 13 | 87 |
| 26 | 13 | 87 |
| 27 | 13 | 87 |
| 28 | 13 | 87 |
| 29 | 13 | 87 |
| 30 | 13 | 87 |
Chance of precipitation in November
Ivanovo gets around 43 mm of rain and snow over 9.1 wet days in November. The line is the day-by-day chance of measurable precipitation.
Day to day, the chance of measurable precipitation averages around 31% and peaks near 33% on the wettest days, and about 3 days bring snow.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rain chance (%) | 33 | 33 | 33 | 33 | 32 | 32 | 32 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 30 | 30 | 30 | 30 | 30 | 30 | 30 | 30 | 30 | 29 | 29 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 28 |
| Snow chance (%) | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 7 | 7 | 8 | 8 | 9 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 15 | 16 | 16 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 |
| Rain chance (%) | Snow chance (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 33 | 5 |
| 2 | 33 | 5 |
| 3 | 33 | 5 |
| 4 | 33 | 5 |
| 5 | 32 | 5 |
| 6 | 32 | 6 |
| 7 | 32 | 6 |
| 8 | 31 | 6 |
| 9 | 31 | 6 |
| 10 | 31 | 7 |
| 11 | 31 | 7 |
| 12 | 31 | 8 |
| 13 | 31 | 8 |
| 14 | 31 | 9 |
| 15 | 31 | 9 |
| 16 | 30 | 10 |
| 17 | 30 | 11 |
| 18 | 30 | 12 |
| 19 | 30 | 12 |
| 20 | 30 | 13 |
| 21 | 30 | 14 |
| 22 | 30 | 15 |
| 23 | 30 | 15 |
| 24 | 30 | 16 |
| 25 | 29 | 16 |
| 26 | 29 | 17 |
| 27 | 28 | 17 |
| 28 | 28 | 17 |
| 29 | 28 | 17 |
| 30 | 28 | 17 |
Humidity in November
Most of November feels dry — the stacked bands show each day's mix of comfort levels, read off the dew point.
By dew point, November lands in the dry band about 100% of days. It rarely turns muggy — the humid and sticky bands barely register.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dry (%) | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
| Dry (%) | |
|---|---|
| 1 | 100 |
| 2 | 100 |
| 3 | 100 |
| 4 | 100 |
| 5 | 100 |
| 6 | 100 |
| 7 | 100 |
| 8 | 100 |
| 9 | 100 |
| 10 | 100 |
| 11 | 100 |
| 12 | 100 |
| 13 | 100 |
| 14 | 100 |
| 15 | 100 |
| 16 | 100 |
| 17 | 100 |
| 18 | 100 |
| 19 | 100 |
| 20 | 100 |
| 21 | 100 |
| 22 | 100 |
| 23 | 100 |
| 24 | 100 |
| 25 | 100 |
| 26 | 100 |
| 27 | 100 |
| 28 | 100 |
| 29 | 100 |
| 30 | 100 |
Wind in November
Winds average 15 km/h in November.
Across November, daily wind ranges from about 15 km/h on the calmest days to 15 km/h at its breeziest. It stays fairly steady from day to day.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wind speed (km/h) | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 |
| Feels | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze |
| Wind speed (km/h) | Feels | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 15 | light breeze |
| 2 | 15 | light breeze |
| 3 | 15 | light breeze |
| 4 | 15 | light breeze |
| 5 | 15 | light breeze |
| 6 | 15 | light breeze |
| 7 | 15 | light breeze |
| 8 | 15 | light breeze |
| 9 | 15 | light breeze |
| 10 | 15 | light breeze |
| 11 | 15 | light breeze |
| 12 | 15 | light breeze |
| 13 | 15 | light breeze |
| 14 | 15 | light breeze |
| 15 | 15 | light breeze |
| 16 | 15 | light breeze |
| 17 | 15 | light breeze |
| 18 | 15 | light breeze |
| 19 | 15 | light breeze |
| 20 | 15 | light breeze |
| 21 | 15 | light breeze |
| 22 | 15 | light breeze |
| 23 | 15 | light breeze |
| 24 | 15 | light breeze |
| 25 | 15 | light breeze |
| 26 | 15 | light breeze |
| 27 | 15 | light breeze |
| 28 | 15 | light breeze |
| 29 | 15 | light breeze |
| 30 | 15 | light breeze |
Sunrise & sunset in November
Daylight runs from about 9 h 18 min at the start of November to 7 h 54 min by month's end. The lit band spans sunrise to sunset each day.
Days shrink by about 84 minutes over November. Sunrise moves from 8:22 AM to 9:11 AM, and sunset from 5:41 PM to 5:04 PM.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Daylight (h) | 9.3 | 9.3 | 9.2 | 9.1 | 9.1 | 9.0 | 9.0 | 8.9 | 8.8 | 8.8 | 8.7 | 8.7 | 8.6 | 8.6 | 8.5 | 8.5 | 8.4 | 8.4 | 8.3 | 8.3 | 8.2 | 8.2 | 8.1 | 8.1 | 8.1 | 8.0 | 8.0 | 7.9 | 7.9 | 7.9 |
| Sunrise (AM) | 8:22 | 8:24 | 8:26 | 8:27 | 8:29 | 8:31 | 8:33 | 8:35 | 8:37 | 8:38 | 8:40 | 8:42 | 8:44 | 8:45 | 8:47 | 8:49 | 8:51 | 8:52 | 8:54 | 8:56 | 8:57 | 8:59 | 9:00 | 9:02 | 9:04 | 9:05 | 9:07 | 9:08 | 9:10 | 9:11 |
| Sunset (PM) | 5:41 | 5:39 | 5:37 | 5:36 | 5:34 | 5:32 | 5:31 | 5:29 | 5:27 | 5:26 | 5:24 | 5:23 | 5:21 | 5:20 | 5:19 | 5:17 | 5:16 | 5:15 | 5:14 | 5:13 | 5:11 | 5:10 | 5:09 | 5:08 | 5:07 | 5:07 | 5:06 | 5:05 | 5:04 | 5:04 |
| Daylight (h) | Sunrise (AM) | Sunset (PM) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 9.3 | 8:22 | 5:41 |
| 2 | 9.3 | 8:24 | 5:39 |
| 3 | 9.2 | 8:26 | 5:37 |
| 4 | 9.1 | 8:27 | 5:36 |
| 5 | 9.1 | 8:29 | 5:34 |
| 6 | 9.0 | 8:31 | 5:32 |
| 7 | 9.0 | 8:33 | 5:31 |
| 8 | 8.9 | 8:35 | 5:29 |
| 9 | 8.8 | 8:37 | 5:27 |
| 10 | 8.8 | 8:38 | 5:26 |
| 11 | 8.7 | 8:40 | 5:24 |
| 12 | 8.7 | 8:42 | 5:23 |
| 13 | 8.6 | 8:44 | 5:21 |
| 14 | 8.6 | 8:45 | 5:20 |
| 15 | 8.5 | 8:47 | 5:19 |
| 16 | 8.5 | 8:49 | 5:17 |
| 17 | 8.4 | 8:51 | 5:16 |
| 18 | 8.4 | 8:52 | 5:15 |
| 19 | 8.3 | 8:54 | 5:14 |
| 20 | 8.3 | 8:56 | 5:13 |
| 21 | 8.2 | 8:57 | 5:11 |
| 22 | 8.2 | 8:59 | 5:10 |
| 23 | 8.1 | 9:00 | 5:09 |
| 24 | 8.1 | 9:02 | 5:08 |
| 25 | 8.1 | 9:04 | 5:07 |
| 26 | 8.0 | 9:05 | 5:07 |
| 27 | 8.0 | 9:07 | 5:06 |
| 28 | 7.9 | 9:08 | 5:05 |
| 29 | 7.9 | 9:10 | 5:04 |
| 30 | 7.9 | 9:11 | 5:04 |
Solar energy in November
Average shortwave solar energy reaching the ground each day in November, about 0.8 kWh/m².
For context, solar energy here swings from a low near 0.52 kWh/m² to a high of 5.62 kWh/m² in June across the year — November's 0.8 kWh/m² sits near the bottom.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | 1.2 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 |
| Level | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim |
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1.2 | Dim |
| 2 | 1.1 | Dim |
| 3 | 1.1 | Dim |
| 4 | 1.1 | Dim |
| 5 | 1.1 | Dim |
| 6 | 1.0 | Dim |
| 7 | 1.0 | Dim |
| 8 | 1.0 | Dim |
| 9 | 0.9 | Dim |
| 10 | 0.9 | Dim |
| 11 | 0.9 | Dim |
| 12 | 0.8 | Dim |
| 13 | 0.8 | Dim |
| 14 | 0.8 | Dim |
| 15 | 0.8 | Dim |
| 16 | 0.8 | Dim |
| 17 | 0.8 | Dim |
| 18 | 0.7 | Dim |
| 19 | 0.7 | Dim |
| 20 | 0.7 | Dim |
| 21 | 0.7 | Dim |
| 22 | 0.7 | Dim |
| 23 | 0.7 | Dim |
| 24 | 0.7 | Dim |
| 25 | 0.6 | Dim |
| 26 | 0.6 | Dim |
| 27 | 0.6 | Dim |
| 28 | 0.6 | Dim |
| 29 | 0.6 | Dim |
| 30 | 0.6 | Dim |
Is November a good time to visit Ivanovo?
Our two travel scores rate November for general sightseeing and for beach or pool weather — 0 (poor) to 10 (ideal).
November is a weaker month for outdoor sightseeing in Ivanovo.
What to pack for Ivanovo in November
From November's temperature range, rain chance, sun and wind — what's worth putting in the bag.
In November, Ivanovo sees daytime highs around 5°C and nights near 0°C. Pack a warm layer. Worth having: a heavy coat and rain gear. About 9 days see rain.
UV index in Ivanovo in November
Clear-sky midday UV in November peaks around 1. The full-year curve, shaded by WHO exposure level, is below.
Under clear skies, the midday UV index in Ivanovo peaks around July 17 at about 6 (high) — sunscreen and a hat are worth it in the middle of the day. It bottoms out near December 18 at about 1 (low).
The index reaches 3 or more — the level where the WHO recommends sun protection — in 6 months of the year.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UV index (midday) | 1 | 1 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 6 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 1 |
| Level | Low | Low | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | High | High | High | Moderate | Low | Low | Low |
| UV index (midday) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 1 | Low |
| Feb | 1 | Low |
| Mar | 3 | Moderate |
| Apr | 4 | Moderate |
| May | 5 | Moderate |
| Jun | 6 | High |
| Jul | 7 | High |
| Aug | 6 | High |
| Sep | 4 | Moderate |
| Oct | 2 | Low |
| Nov | 1 | Low |
| Dec | 1 | Low |
Where is Ivanovo?
Ivanovo sits at 52.1°N, 25.5°E, 142 m above sea level, in Belarus. The nearest listed city is Pinsk, 37 km away.
Topography around Ivanovo
How much the land rises and falls, and what covers it, within 3, 16 and 80 km of Ivanovo.
Within 3 km, the terrain around Ivanovo has only modest variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 29 m around an average of 151 m above sea level; within 16 km, only modest variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 59 m; within 80 km, only modest variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 82 m.
The land around Ivanovo is covered by cropland (49%), artificial surfaces (21%) and grassland (20%) within 3 km, cropland (48%) and trees (35%) within 16 km, and trees (48%), cropland (26%) and grassland (20%) within 80 km.
Belarus travel facts
- Travel advisory
- Level 4
- Do Not Travel
- Power plugs
- Type C / F
- 230 V · 50 Hz
- Prices
- ≈ 30% of US
- price level, 2025
- GDP per capita
- $10,279
- 2025
- Happiness
- 5.8 / 10
- World Happiness, 2021
- Safe drinking water
- 93%
- of population, 2024
- Homicide rate
- 2.4
- per 100k, 2019
- Road deaths
- 7.6
- per 100k/yr, 2019
- Income group
- Upper middle
- World Bank
- English
- Moderate
- EF EPI 533
- Religion
Sources: World Bank, US State Department, World Happiness Report, WHO/UNICEF, EF EPI, CIA World Factbook.
Data sources
Temperature, precipitation, cloud, humidity, wind and solar figures are a 1991–2020 climatology for Ivanovo (52.1472°, 25.532°, elevation 142 m), computed from hourly ERA5 reanalysis — contains modified Copernicus Climate Change Service information. Sun figures are astronomical calculations, not observations. City data © GeoNames, CC BY 4.0. Map outlines from Natural Earth (public domain); interactive map © Google. UV index is derived from CAMS (Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service) clear-sky UV data — contains modified Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service information. Topography is sampled from the Copernicus DEM GLO-90 elevation model (© ESA/Airbus) and ESA WorldCover 2021 land cover (CC BY 4.0).