Llallagua weather in September
In September, Llallagua sees average daytime highs of 17°C and overnight lows near 2°C, with 35 mm of precipitation across 8 wet days and about 11.9 hours of daylight. It is the 3rd-warmest and 8th-wettest month of the year here.
Day-to-day highs hold fairly steady near 17°C through the month. The sky is clear or mostly clear about 49% of the time in September, and the air most often feels dry.
Daylight stretches from about 11 h 36 min at the start of September to 12 h 06 min by month's end. Set against the rest of the year, September is Llallagua's 5th-clearest and 1st-windiest month. For the whole year in context, see Llallagua's year-round climate.
- Daytime high
- 17°
- 3rd warmest
- Overnight low
- 2°
- 5th coldest
- Precipitation
- 35 mm
- 8 wet days
- Daylight
- 11 h 54 min
- 6:24 AM – 6:18 PM
- Cloud cover
- 42%
- 5th clearest
- Wind
- 8 km/h
- 1st windiest
- Solar energy
- 7.12 kWh/m²
- Travel score
- 5.7
- out of 10
Llallagua is human settlement in Bolivia.
Air quality: WHO Ambient Air Quality Database. Density & description: Wikidata (CC0), GeoNames.
Temperature in September
Day-to-day highs hold fairly steady near 17°C through the month.
A typical September day in Llallagua reaches about 17°C in the afternoon and slips back to 2°C overnight — a 15°C spread between the day's warmth and the night's chill. On most days the high lands between 13°C and 19°C. Set against its neighbours, September runs about 1°C warmer than August and on par with October.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Avg high (°C) | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 |
| Avg low (°C) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 |
| Avg high (°C) | Avg low (°C) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 16 | 1 |
| 2 | 16 | 1 |
| 3 | 16 | 1 |
| 4 | 16 | 1 |
| 5 | 16 | 1 |
| 6 | 16 | 1 |
| 7 | 16 | 1 |
| 8 | 16 | 1 |
| 9 | 16 | 1 |
| 10 | 16 | 1 |
| 11 | 16 | 2 |
| 12 | 16 | 2 |
| 13 | 16 | 2 |
| 14 | 17 | 2 |
| 15 | 17 | 2 |
| 16 | 17 | 2 |
| 17 | 17 | 2 |
| 18 | 17 | 2 |
| 19 | 17 | 2 |
| 20 | 17 | 2 |
| 21 | 17 | 2 |
| 22 | 17 | 2 |
| 23 | 17 | 2 |
| 24 | 17 | 3 |
| 25 | 17 | 3 |
| 26 | 17 | 3 |
| 27 | 17 | 3 |
| 28 | 17 | 3 |
| 29 | 17 | 3 |
| 30 | 17 | 3 |
How September really feels in Llallagua
Once humidity and wind are folded in, September averages 0 days that feel above 32°C and 21 that feel at or below 0°C — the comfort signal a plain temperature reading hides.
The story in September is cold — wind chill drags the overnight "feels like" below the raw low.
Llallagua weather by month
How September compares with the rest of the year at a glance. September is the 3rd-warmest and 8th-wettest month here — the current month is highlighted below.
| Month | High / Low (°C) | Rainfall (mm) | Wet days | Snow days | Daylight (hours) | Travel score |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 14° / 5° | 188 | 26.3 | 0.9 | 13 | 2.5 |
| Feb | 14° / 5° | 166 | 23.8 | 0.7 | 12.6 | 2.5 |
| Mar | 14° / 5° | 134 | 22.5 | 0.3 | 12.1 | 3.0 |
| Apr | 15° / 3° | 57 | 13.1 | 0.2 | 11.6 | 4.3 |
| May | 15° / 0° | 11 | 3.1 | 0.1 | 11.1 | 5.8 |
| Jun | 15° / -1° | 5 | 1.3 | 0.3 | 10.9 | 5.7 |
| Jul | 14° / -2° | 9 | 2.3 | 0.6 | 11 | 5.5 |
| Aug | 16° / -0° | 17 | 4 | 1 | 11.4 | 5.9 |
| Sep | 17° / 2° | 35 | 8 | 0.4 | 11.9 | 5.7 |
| Oct | 17° / 4° | 67 | 13.3 | 0.3 | 12.4 | 5.2 |
| Nov | 17° / 5° | 78 | 15.4 | 0.2 | 12.9 | 4.6 |
| Dec | 16° / 6° | 139 | 22.4 | 0.6 | 13.1 | 3.4 |
Cloud cover in September
The sky is clear or mostly clear about 49% of the time in September.
Beyond those clear spells, partly cloudy skies cover about 20% of September, with mostly cloudy or overcast conditions the remaining 31%. Skies tend to cloud over as the month goes on.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clearer (%) | 80 | 79 | 78 | 78 | 77 | 76 | 75 | 74 | 73 | 72 | 72 | 71 | 70 | 70 | 68 | 68 | 68 | 67 | 66 | 65 | 65 | 65 | 64 | 63 | 63 | 62 | 62 | 61 | 61 | 61 |
| Cloudier (%) | 20 | 21 | 22 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 30 | 32 | 32 | 32 | 33 | 34 | 35 | 35 | 35 | 36 | 37 | 37 | 38 | 38 | 39 | 39 | 39 |
| Clearer (%) | Cloudier (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 80 | 20 |
| 2 | 79 | 21 |
| 3 | 78 | 22 |
| 4 | 78 | 22 |
| 5 | 77 | 23 |
| 6 | 76 | 24 |
| 7 | 75 | 25 |
| 8 | 74 | 26 |
| 9 | 73 | 27 |
| 10 | 72 | 28 |
| 11 | 72 | 28 |
| 12 | 71 | 29 |
| 13 | 70 | 30 |
| 14 | 70 | 30 |
| 15 | 68 | 32 |
| 16 | 68 | 32 |
| 17 | 68 | 32 |
| 18 | 67 | 33 |
| 19 | 66 | 34 |
| 20 | 65 | 35 |
| 21 | 65 | 35 |
| 22 | 65 | 35 |
| 23 | 64 | 36 |
| 24 | 63 | 37 |
| 25 | 63 | 37 |
| 26 | 62 | 38 |
| 27 | 62 | 38 |
| 28 | 61 | 39 |
| 29 | 61 | 39 |
| 30 | 61 | 39 |
Chance of precipitation in September
Llallagua gets around 35 mm of rain and snow over 8 wet days in September. The line is the day-by-day chance of measurable precipitation.
Day to day, the chance of measurable precipitation averages around 27% and peaks near 35% on the wettest days, and about 0 day brings snow. The odds climb toward the end of the month.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rain chance (%) | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 27 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 29 | 29 | 29 | 30 | 30 | 30 | 31 | 31 | 32 | 32 | 33 | 34 | 35 |
| Snow chance (%) | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Rain chance (%) | Snow chance (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 16 | 2 |
| 2 | 17 | 1 |
| 3 | 18 | 1 |
| 4 | 19 | 1 |
| 5 | 20 | 1 |
| 6 | 21 | 1 |
| 7 | 22 | 1 |
| 8 | 23 | 1 |
| 9 | 24 | 1 |
| 10 | 25 | 2 |
| 11 | 25 | 2 |
| 12 | 26 | 2 |
| 13 | 27 | 2 |
| 14 | 27 | 2 |
| 15 | 28 | 2 |
| 16 | 28 | 2 |
| 17 | 28 | 2 |
| 18 | 29 | 2 |
| 19 | 29 | 2 |
| 20 | 29 | 2 |
| 21 | 30 | 2 |
| 22 | 30 | 2 |
| 23 | 30 | 2 |
| 24 | 31 | 1 |
| 25 | 31 | 1 |
| 26 | 32 | 1 |
| 27 | 32 | 1 |
| 28 | 33 | 1 |
| 29 | 34 | 1 |
| 30 | 35 | 1 |
Humidity in September
Most of September feels dry — the stacked bands show each day's mix of comfort levels, read off the dew point.
By dew point, September lands in the dry band about 100% of days. It rarely turns muggy — the humid and sticky bands barely register.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dry (%) | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
| Dry (%) | |
|---|---|
| 1 | 100 |
| 2 | 100 |
| 3 | 100 |
| 4 | 100 |
| 5 | 100 |
| 6 | 100 |
| 7 | 100 |
| 8 | 100 |
| 9 | 100 |
| 10 | 100 |
| 11 | 100 |
| 12 | 100 |
| 13 | 100 |
| 14 | 100 |
| 15 | 100 |
| 16 | 100 |
| 17 | 100 |
| 18 | 100 |
| 19 | 100 |
| 20 | 100 |
| 21 | 100 |
| 22 | 100 |
| 23 | 100 |
| 24 | 100 |
| 25 | 100 |
| 26 | 100 |
| 27 | 100 |
| 28 | 100 |
| 29 | 100 |
| 30 | 100 |
Wind in September
Winds average 8 km/h in September, the windiest month of the year.
Across September, daily wind ranges from about 8 km/h on the calmest days to 8 km/h at its breeziest. It stays fairly steady from day to day.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wind speed (km/h) | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 |
| Feels | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm |
| Wind speed (km/h) | Feels | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 8 | calm |
| 2 | 8 | calm |
| 3 | 8 | calm |
| 4 | 8 | calm |
| 5 | 8 | calm |
| 6 | 8 | calm |
| 7 | 8 | calm |
| 8 | 8 | calm |
| 9 | 8 | calm |
| 10 | 8 | calm |
| 11 | 8 | calm |
| 12 | 8 | calm |
| 13 | 8 | calm |
| 14 | 8 | calm |
| 15 | 8 | calm |
| 16 | 8 | calm |
| 17 | 8 | calm |
| 18 | 8 | calm |
| 19 | 8 | calm |
| 20 | 8 | calm |
| 21 | 8 | calm |
| 22 | 8 | calm |
| 23 | 8 | calm |
| 24 | 8 | calm |
| 25 | 8 | calm |
| 26 | 8 | calm |
| 27 | 8 | calm |
| 28 | 8 | calm |
| 29 | 8 | calm |
| 30 | 8 | calm |
Sunrise & sunset in September
Daylight runs from about 11 h 36 min at the start of September to 12 h 06 min by month's end. The lit band spans sunrise to sunset each day.
Days grow by about 30 minutes over September. Sunrise moves from 6:37 AM to 6:11 AM, and sunset from 6:15 PM to 6:20 PM.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Daylight (h) | 11.6 | 11.7 | 11.7 | 11.7 | 11.7 | 11.7 | 11.7 | 11.8 | 11.8 | 11.8 | 11.8 | 11.8 | 11.8 | 11.9 | 11.9 | 11.9 | 11.9 | 11.9 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.1 | 12.1 | 12.1 | 12.1 | 12.1 | 12.1 |
| Sunrise (AM) | 6:37 | 6:36 | 6:35 | 6:34 | 6:34 | 6:33 | 6:32 | 6:31 | 6:30 | 6:29 | 6:28 | 6:27 | 6:26 | 6:26 | 6:25 | 6:24 | 6:23 | 6:22 | 6:21 | 6:20 | 6:19 | 6:18 | 6:17 | 6:16 | 6:16 | 6:15 | 6:14 | 6:13 | 6:12 | 6:11 |
| Sunset (PM) | 6:15 | 6:15 | 6:15 | 6:16 | 6:16 | 6:16 | 6:16 | 6:16 | 6:16 | 6:17 | 6:17 | 6:17 | 6:17 | 6:17 | 6:17 | 6:18 | 6:18 | 6:18 | 6:18 | 6:18 | 6:18 | 6:19 | 6:19 | 6:19 | 6:19 | 6:19 | 6:19 | 6:20 | 6:20 | 6:20 |
| Daylight (h) | Sunrise (AM) | Sunset (PM) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 11.6 | 6:37 | 6:15 |
| 2 | 11.7 | 6:36 | 6:15 |
| 3 | 11.7 | 6:35 | 6:15 |
| 4 | 11.7 | 6:34 | 6:16 |
| 5 | 11.7 | 6:34 | 6:16 |
| 6 | 11.7 | 6:33 | 6:16 |
| 7 | 11.7 | 6:32 | 6:16 |
| 8 | 11.8 | 6:31 | 6:16 |
| 9 | 11.8 | 6:30 | 6:16 |
| 10 | 11.8 | 6:29 | 6:17 |
| 11 | 11.8 | 6:28 | 6:17 |
| 12 | 11.8 | 6:27 | 6:17 |
| 13 | 11.8 | 6:26 | 6:17 |
| 14 | 11.9 | 6:26 | 6:17 |
| 15 | 11.9 | 6:25 | 6:17 |
| 16 | 11.9 | 6:24 | 6:18 |
| 17 | 11.9 | 6:23 | 6:18 |
| 18 | 11.9 | 6:22 | 6:18 |
| 19 | 12.0 | 6:21 | 6:18 |
| 20 | 12.0 | 6:20 | 6:18 |
| 21 | 12.0 | 6:19 | 6:18 |
| 22 | 12.0 | 6:18 | 6:19 |
| 23 | 12.0 | 6:17 | 6:19 |
| 24 | 12.0 | 6:16 | 6:19 |
| 25 | 12.1 | 6:16 | 6:19 |
| 26 | 12.1 | 6:15 | 6:19 |
| 27 | 12.1 | 6:14 | 6:19 |
| 28 | 12.1 | 6:13 | 6:20 |
| 29 | 12.1 | 6:12 | 6:20 |
| 30 | 12.1 | 6:11 | 6:20 |
Solar energy in September
Average shortwave solar energy reaching the ground each day in September, about 7.12 kWh/m².
For context, solar energy here swings from a low near 5.4 kWh/m² to a high of 7.85 kWh/m² in November across the year — September's 7.12 kWh/m² falls in the middle.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | 6.8 | 6.8 | 6.8 | 6.9 | 6.9 | 6.9 | 6.9 | 7.0 | 7.0 | 7.0 | 7.0 | 7.0 | 7.1 | 7.1 | 7.1 | 7.1 | 7.2 | 7.2 | 7.2 | 7.2 | 7.3 | 7.3 | 7.3 | 7.3 | 7.4 | 7.4 | 7.4 | 7.4 | 7.5 | 7.5 |
| Level | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense |
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 6.8 | Intense |
| 2 | 6.8 | Intense |
| 3 | 6.8 | Intense |
| 4 | 6.9 | Intense |
| 5 | 6.9 | Intense |
| 6 | 6.9 | Intense |
| 7 | 6.9 | Intense |
| 8 | 7.0 | Intense |
| 9 | 7.0 | Intense |
| 10 | 7.0 | Intense |
| 11 | 7.0 | Intense |
| 12 | 7.0 | Intense |
| 13 | 7.1 | Intense |
| 14 | 7.1 | Intense |
| 15 | 7.1 | Intense |
| 16 | 7.1 | Intense |
| 17 | 7.2 | Intense |
| 18 | 7.2 | Intense |
| 19 | 7.2 | Intense |
| 20 | 7.2 | Intense |
| 21 | 7.3 | Intense |
| 22 | 7.3 | Intense |
| 23 | 7.3 | Intense |
| 24 | 7.3 | Intense |
| 25 | 7.4 | Intense |
| 26 | 7.4 | Intense |
| 27 | 7.4 | Intense |
| 28 | 7.4 | Intense |
| 29 | 7.5 | Intense |
| 30 | 7.5 | Intense |
Hazard calendar for Llallagua
None of Llallagua's seasonal hazards are active in September. The full-year calendar below shows when the rainy season, cyclone risk and dust haze do peak.
Llallagua's monsoon runs December–March, when most of the year's rain falls.
Is September a good time to visit Llallagua?
Our two travel scores rate September for general sightseeing and for beach or pool weather — 0 (poor) to 10 (ideal).
September is a reasonable time to visit Llallagua for sightseeing.
What to pack for Llallagua in September
From September's temperature range, rain chance, sun and wind — what's worth putting in the bag.
In September, Llallagua sees daytime highs around 17°C and nights near 2°C. Pack sun protection. Worth having: a warm layer and rain gear. About 8 days see rain.
UV index in Llallagua in September
Clear-sky midday UV in September peaks around 15 (very high — sun protection essential). The full-year curve, shaded by WHO exposure level, is below.
Under clear skies, the midday UV index in Llallagua peaks around January 18 at about 18 (extreme) — sunscreen, a hat and midday shade are essential. It bottoms out near June 23 at about 9 (very high).
The index reaches 3 or more — the level where the WHO recommends sun protection — every month of the year.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UV index (midday) | 19 | 18 | 17 | 14 | 10 | 9 | 9 | 12 | 15 | 17 | 17 | 18 |
| Level | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Very high | Very high | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme |
| UV index (midday) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 19 | Extreme |
| Feb | 18 | Extreme |
| Mar | 17 | Extreme |
| Apr | 14 | Extreme |
| May | 10 | Extreme |
| Jun | 9 | Very high |
| Jul | 9 | Very high |
| Aug | 12 | Extreme |
| Sep | 15 | Extreme |
| Oct | 17 | Extreme |
| Nov | 17 | Extreme |
| Dec | 18 | Extreme |
Where is Llallagua?
Llallagua sits at 18.4°S, 66.6°W, 3,750 m above sea level, in Bolivia. The nearest listed city is Huanuni, 31 km away.
Topography around Llallagua
How much the land rises and falls, and what covers it, within 3, 16 and 80 km of Llallagua.
Within 3 km, the terrain around Llallagua has large variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 872 m around an average of 3,935 m above sea level; within 16 km, very significant variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 1,346 m; within 80 km, extreme variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 3,019 m.
The land around Llallagua is covered by grassland (53%) and bare terrain (27%) within 3 km, grassland (75%) within 16 km, and grassland (71%) and bare terrain (21%) within 80 km.
Bolivia travel facts
- Travel advisory
- Level 2
- Exercise Increased Caution
- Power plugs
- Type A / B / C
- 230 V · 50 Hz
- Prices
- ≈ 40% of US
- price level, 2025
- GDP per capita
- $5,148
- 2025
- Happiness
- 5.8 / 10
- World Happiness, 2025
- Homicide rate
- 4.4
- per 100k, 2023
- Road deaths
- 21.1
- per 100k/yr, 2019
- Income group
- Lower middle
- World Bank
- English
- Moderate
- EF EPI 521
- Religion
Sources: World Bank, US State Department, World Happiness Report, WHO/UNICEF, EF EPI, CIA World Factbook.
Data sources
Temperature, precipitation, cloud, humidity, wind and solar figures are a 1991–2020 climatology for Llallagua (-18.4249°, -66.5778°, elevation 3,750 m), computed from hourly ERA5 reanalysis — contains modified Copernicus Climate Change Service information. Sun figures are astronomical calculations, not observations. City data © GeoNames, CC BY 4.0. Map outlines from Natural Earth (public domain); interactive map © Google. UV index is derived from CAMS (Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service) clear-sky UV data — contains modified Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service information. Topography is sampled from the Copernicus DEM GLO-90 elevation model (© ESA/Airbus) and ESA WorldCover 2021 land cover (CC BY 4.0).