Itapeva weather in February
In February, Itapeva sees average daytime highs of 28°C and overnight lows near 19°C, with 137 mm of rain across 17.9 wet days and about 12.8 hours of daylight. It is the 1st-warmest and 3rd-wettest month of the year here.
Day-to-day highs hold fairly steady near 28°C through the month. The sky is clear or mostly clear about 14% of the time in February, and the air most often feels muggy.
Daylight stretches from about 13 h 06 min at the start of February to 12 h 30 min by month's end. Set against the rest of the year, February is Itapeva's 10th-clearest and 11th-windiest month. For the whole year in context, see Itapeva's year-round climate.
- Daytime high
- 28°
- 1st warmest
- Overnight low
- 19°
- 12th coldest
- Rainfall
- 137 mm
- 17.9 wet days
- Daylight
- 12 h 48 min
- 7:05 AM – 7:55 PM
- Cloud cover
- 70%
- 10th clearest
- Wind
- 9 km/h
- 11th windiest
- Solar energy
- 5.18 kWh/m²
- Travel score
- 4.8
- out of 10
Itapeva is human settlement in Brazil.
Air quality: WHO Ambient Air Quality Database. Density & description: Wikidata (CC0), GeoNames.
Temperature in February
Day-to-day highs hold fairly steady near 28°C through the month.
A typical February day in Itapeva reaches about 28°C in the afternoon and slips back to 19°C overnight — a 9°C spread between the day's warmth and the night's chill. On most days the high lands between 24°C and 31°C. Set against its neighbours, February runs on par with January and on par with March.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Avg high (°C) | 28 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 28 |
| Avg low (°C) | 19 | 19 | 19 | 19 | 19 | 19 | 19 | 19 | 19 | 19 | 19 | 19 | 19 | 19 | 19 | 19 | 19 | 19 | 19 | 19 | 19 | 19 | 19 | 19 | 19 | 19 | 19 | 19 |
| Avg high (°C) | Avg low (°C) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 28 | 19 |
| 2 | 28 | 19 |
| 3 | 28 | 19 |
| 4 | 28 | 19 |
| 5 | 28 | 19 |
| 6 | 28 | 19 |
| 7 | 28 | 19 |
| 8 | 28 | 19 |
| 9 | 28 | 19 |
| 10 | 28 | 19 |
| 11 | 28 | 19 |
| 12 | 28 | 19 |
| 13 | 28 | 19 |
| 14 | 28 | 19 |
| 15 | 28 | 19 |
| 16 | 28 | 19 |
| 17 | 28 | 19 |
| 18 | 28 | 19 |
| 19 | 28 | 19 |
| 20 | 28 | 19 |
| 21 | 28 | 19 |
| 22 | 28 | 19 |
| 23 | 28 | 19 |
| 24 | 28 | 19 |
| 25 | 28 | 19 |
| 26 | 28 | 19 |
| 27 | 28 | 19 |
| 28 | 28 | 19 |
Itapeva weather by month
How February compares with the rest of the year at a glance. February is the 1st-warmest and 3rd-wettest month here — the current month is highlighted below.
| Month | High / Low (°C) | Rainfall (mm) | Wet days | Daylight (hours) | Travel score |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 28° / 19° | 207 | 20.8 | 13.3 | 4.7 |
| Feb | 28° / 19° | 137 | 17.9 | 12.8 | 4.8 |
| Mar | 27° / 19° | 103 | 15.4 | 12.2 | 5.6 |
| Apr | 26° / 17° | 53 | 7.6 | 11.5 | 7.0 |
| May | 23° / 14° | 70 | 7.3 | 10.9 | 7.2 |
| Jun | 22° / 12° | 66 | 6.5 | 10.5 | 7.3 |
| Jul | 22° / 12° | 58 | 5.2 | 10.7 | 7.5 |
| Aug | 23° / 12° | 44 | 5.3 | 11.2 | 7.9 |
| Sep | 25° / 14° | 98 | 8.8 | 11.9 | 7.1 |
| Oct | 26° / 16° | 102 | 12.1 | 12.6 | 6.2 |
| Nov | 27° / 17° | 111 | 13 | 13.2 | 5.9 |
| Dec | 28° / 18° | 147 | 17.6 | 13.5 | 5.1 |
Cloud cover in February
The sky is clear or mostly clear about 14% of the time in February.
Beyond those clear spells, partly cloudy skies cover about 19% of February, with mostly cloudy or overcast conditions the remaining 67%.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clearer (%) | 29 | 29 | 30 | 31 | 31 | 32 | 31 | 30 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 32 | 32 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 33 | 33 | 33 | 35 | 35 | 36 | 37 | 38 | 39 | 40 | 40 | 41 |
| Cloudier (%) | 71 | 71 | 70 | 69 | 69 | 68 | 69 | 70 | 69 | 69 | 69 | 68 | 68 | 69 | 69 | 69 | 67 | 67 | 67 | 65 | 65 | 64 | 63 | 62 | 61 | 60 | 60 | 59 |
| Clearer (%) | Cloudier (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 29 | 71 |
| 2 | 29 | 71 |
| 3 | 30 | 70 |
| 4 | 31 | 69 |
| 5 | 31 | 69 |
| 6 | 32 | 68 |
| 7 | 31 | 69 |
| 8 | 30 | 70 |
| 9 | 31 | 69 |
| 10 | 31 | 69 |
| 11 | 31 | 69 |
| 12 | 32 | 68 |
| 13 | 32 | 68 |
| 14 | 31 | 69 |
| 15 | 31 | 69 |
| 16 | 31 | 69 |
| 17 | 33 | 67 |
| 18 | 33 | 67 |
| 19 | 33 | 67 |
| 20 | 35 | 65 |
| 21 | 35 | 65 |
| 22 | 36 | 64 |
| 23 | 37 | 63 |
| 24 | 38 | 62 |
| 25 | 39 | 61 |
| 26 | 40 | 60 |
| 27 | 40 | 60 |
| 28 | 41 | 59 |
Chance of precipitation in February
Itapeva gets around 137 mm of rain over 17.9 wet days in February. The line is the day-by-day chance of measurable precipitation.
Day to day, the chance of measurable rain averages around 64% and peaks near 67% on the wettest days. The odds ease toward the end of the month.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rain chance (%) | 66 | 66 | 66 | 66 | 66 | 66 | 66 | 66 | 66 | 67 | 67 | 67 | 67 | 67 | 67 | 67 | 66 | 65 | 65 | 64 | 63 | 62 | 61 | 60 | 60 | 59 | 58 | 57 |
| Rain chance (%) | |
|---|---|
| 1 | 66 |
| 2 | 66 |
| 3 | 66 |
| 4 | 66 |
| 5 | 66 |
| 6 | 66 |
| 7 | 66 |
| 8 | 66 |
| 9 | 66 |
| 10 | 67 |
| 11 | 67 |
| 12 | 67 |
| 13 | 67 |
| 14 | 67 |
| 15 | 67 |
| 16 | 67 |
| 17 | 66 |
| 18 | 65 |
| 19 | 65 |
| 20 | 64 |
| 21 | 63 |
| 22 | 62 |
| 23 | 61 |
| 24 | 60 |
| 25 | 60 |
| 26 | 59 |
| 27 | 58 |
| 28 | 57 |
Humidity in February
Most of February feels muggy — the stacked bands show each day's mix of comfort levels, read off the dew point.
By dew point, February lands in the muggy band about 68% of days. Sticky, muggy-or-worse air turns up on roughly 73% of them.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Comfortable (%) | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 6 |
| Humid (%) | 20 | 20 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 22 | 22 | 22 | 22 | 22 | 22 | 22 | 22 | 22 | 22 | 22 | 22 | 22 | 22 | 23 | 23 | 23 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 |
| Muggy (%) | 67 | 68 | 67 | 67 | 67 | 67 | 68 | 68 | 68 | 68 | 69 | 69 | 69 | 69 | 69 | 70 | 70 | 70 | 70 | 70 | 69 | 69 | 69 | 68 | 67 | 67 | 67 | 66 |
| Oppressive (%) | 7 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 |
| Comfortable (%) | Humid (%) | Muggy (%) | Oppressive (%) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 6 | 20 | 67 | 7 |
| 2 | 6 | 20 | 68 | 6 |
| 3 | 6 | 21 | 67 | 6 |
| 4 | 6 | 21 | 67 | 6 |
| 5 | 6 | 21 | 67 | 6 |
| 6 | 6 | 21 | 67 | 6 |
| 7 | 5 | 22 | 68 | 5 |
| 8 | 5 | 22 | 68 | 5 |
| 9 | 5 | 22 | 68 | 5 |
| 10 | 5 | 22 | 68 | 5 |
| 11 | 4 | 22 | 69 | 5 |
| 12 | 4 | 22 | 69 | 5 |
| 13 | 4 | 22 | 69 | 5 |
| 14 | 4 | 22 | 69 | 5 |
| 15 | 4 | 22 | 69 | 5 |
| 16 | 4 | 22 | 70 | 4 |
| 17 | 4 | 22 | 70 | 4 |
| 18 | 4 | 22 | 70 | 4 |
| 19 | 4 | 22 | 70 | 4 |
| 20 | 4 | 22 | 70 | 4 |
| 21 | 4 | 23 | 69 | 4 |
| 22 | 4 | 23 | 69 | 4 |
| 23 | 4 | 23 | 69 | 4 |
| 24 | 4 | 24 | 68 | 4 |
| 25 | 5 | 24 | 67 | 4 |
| 26 | 5 | 24 | 67 | 4 |
| 27 | 5 | 24 | 67 | 4 |
| 28 | 6 | 24 | 66 | 4 |
Wind in February
Winds average 9 km/h in February.
Across February, daily wind ranges from about 9 km/h on the calmest days to 9 km/h at its breeziest. It stays fairly steady from day to day.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wind speed (km/h) | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 |
| Feels | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm |
| Wind speed (km/h) | Feels | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 9 | calm |
| 2 | 9 | calm |
| 3 | 9 | calm |
| 4 | 9 | calm |
| 5 | 9 | calm |
| 6 | 9 | calm |
| 7 | 9 | calm |
| 8 | 9 | calm |
| 9 | 9 | calm |
| 10 | 9 | calm |
| 11 | 9 | calm |
| 12 | 9 | calm |
| 13 | 9 | calm |
| 14 | 9 | calm |
| 15 | 9 | calm |
| 16 | 9 | calm |
| 17 | 9 | calm |
| 18 | 9 | calm |
| 19 | 9 | calm |
| 20 | 9 | calm |
| 21 | 9 | calm |
| 22 | 9 | calm |
| 23 | 9 | calm |
| 24 | 9 | calm |
| 25 | 9 | calm |
| 26 | 9 | calm |
| 27 | 9 | calm |
| 28 | 9 | calm |
Sunrise & sunset in February
Daylight runs from about 13 h 06 min at the start of February to 12 h 30 min by month's end. The lit band spans sunrise to sunset each day.
Days shrink by about 36 minutes over February. Sunrise moves from 6:56 AM to 7:13 AM, and sunset from 8:02 PM to 7:45 PM.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Daylight (h) | 13.1 | 13.1 | 13.1 | 13.0 | 13.0 | 13.0 | 13.0 | 13.0 | 13.0 | 12.9 | 12.9 | 12.9 | 12.9 | 12.9 | 12.8 | 12.8 | 12.8 | 12.8 | 12.7 | 12.7 | 12.7 | 12.7 | 12.7 | 12.6 | 12.6 | 12.6 | 12.6 | 12.5 |
| Sunrise (AM) | 6:56 | 6:57 | 6:57 | 6:58 | 6:59 | 6:59 | 7:00 | 7:01 | 7:01 | 7:02 | 7:03 | 7:03 | 7:04 | 7:05 | 7:05 | 7:06 | 7:06 | 7:07 | 7:08 | 7:08 | 7:09 | 7:09 | 7:10 | 7:10 | 7:11 | 7:11 | 7:12 | 7:13 |
| Sunset (PM) | 8:02 | 8:02 | 8:01 | 8:01 | 8:00 | 8:00 | 7:59 | 7:59 | 7:58 | 7:58 | 7:57 | 7:57 | 7:56 | 7:56 | 7:55 | 7:54 | 7:54 | 7:53 | 7:52 | 7:52 | 7:51 | 7:50 | 7:49 | 7:49 | 7:48 | 7:47 | 7:46 | 7:45 |
| Daylight (h) | Sunrise (AM) | Sunset (PM) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 13.1 | 6:56 | 8:02 |
| 2 | 13.1 | 6:57 | 8:02 |
| 3 | 13.1 | 6:57 | 8:01 |
| 4 | 13.0 | 6:58 | 8:01 |
| 5 | 13.0 | 6:59 | 8:00 |
| 6 | 13.0 | 6:59 | 8:00 |
| 7 | 13.0 | 7:00 | 7:59 |
| 8 | 13.0 | 7:01 | 7:59 |
| 9 | 13.0 | 7:01 | 7:58 |
| 10 | 12.9 | 7:02 | 7:58 |
| 11 | 12.9 | 7:03 | 7:57 |
| 12 | 12.9 | 7:03 | 7:57 |
| 13 | 12.9 | 7:04 | 7:56 |
| 14 | 12.9 | 7:05 | 7:56 |
| 15 | 12.8 | 7:05 | 7:55 |
| 16 | 12.8 | 7:06 | 7:54 |
| 17 | 12.8 | 7:06 | 7:54 |
| 18 | 12.8 | 7:07 | 7:53 |
| 19 | 12.7 | 7:08 | 7:52 |
| 20 | 12.7 | 7:08 | 7:52 |
| 21 | 12.7 | 7:09 | 7:51 |
| 22 | 12.7 | 7:09 | 7:50 |
| 23 | 12.7 | 7:10 | 7:49 |
| 24 | 12.6 | 7:10 | 7:49 |
| 25 | 12.6 | 7:11 | 7:48 |
| 26 | 12.6 | 7:11 | 7:47 |
| 27 | 12.6 | 7:12 | 7:46 |
| 28 | 12.5 | 7:13 | 7:45 |
Solar energy in February
Average shortwave solar energy reaching the ground each day in February, about 5.18 kWh/m².
For context, solar energy here swings from a low near 3.17 kWh/m² to a high of 5.66 kWh/m² in December across the year — February's 5.18 kWh/m² falls in the middle.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | 5.3 | 5.3 | 5.3 | 5.2 | 5.2 | 5.2 | 5.2 | 5.2 | 5.2 | 5.1 | 5.1 | 5.1 | 5.1 | 5.1 | 5.1 | 5.1 | 5.1 | 5.1 | 5.1 | 5.1 | 5.1 | 5.1 | 5.1 | 5.1 | 5.1 | 5.1 | 5.1 | 5.1 |
| Level | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright |
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 5.3 | Bright |
| 2 | 5.3 | Bright |
| 3 | 5.3 | Bright |
| 4 | 5.2 | Bright |
| 5 | 5.2 | Bright |
| 6 | 5.2 | Bright |
| 7 | 5.2 | Bright |
| 8 | 5.2 | Bright |
| 9 | 5.2 | Bright |
| 10 | 5.1 | Bright |
| 11 | 5.1 | Bright |
| 12 | 5.1 | Bright |
| 13 | 5.1 | Bright |
| 14 | 5.1 | Bright |
| 15 | 5.1 | Bright |
| 16 | 5.1 | Bright |
| 17 | 5.1 | Bright |
| 18 | 5.1 | Bright |
| 19 | 5.1 | Bright |
| 20 | 5.1 | Bright |
| 21 | 5.1 | Bright |
| 22 | 5.1 | Bright |
| 23 | 5.1 | Bright |
| 24 | 5.1 | Bright |
| 25 | 5.1 | Bright |
| 26 | 5.1 | Bright |
| 27 | 5.1 | Bright |
| 28 | 5.1 | Bright |
Hazard calendar for Itapeva
In February, Itapeva sits inside its rainy season season. The full year is below, with each hazard's peak months called out.
Itapeva's rainy season runs September–March, when most of the year's rain falls.
Is February a good time to visit Itapeva?
Our two travel scores rate February for general sightseeing and for beach or pool weather — 0 (poor) to 10 (ideal).
February is a reasonable time to visit Itapeva for sightseeing.
What to pack for Itapeva in February
From February's temperature range, rain chance, sun and wind — what's worth putting in the bag.
In February, Itapeva sees daytime highs around 28°C and nights near 19°C. Pack light clothes and rain gear. Worth having: sun protection. About 18 days see rain.
UV index in Itapeva in February
Clear-sky midday UV in February peaks around 15 (very high — sun protection essential). The full-year curve, shaded by WHO exposure level, is below.
Under clear skies, the midday UV index in Itapeva peaks around January 21 at about 15 (extreme) — sunscreen, a hat and midday shade are essential. It bottoms out near July 11 at about 5 (high).
The index reaches 3 or more — the level where the WHO recommends sun protection — every month of the year.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UV index (midday) | 15 | 15 | 13 | 9 | 7 | 6 | 5 | 8 | 8 | 11 | 13 | 14 |
| Level | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Very high | High | High | High | Very high | Very high | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme |
| UV index (midday) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 15 | Extreme |
| Feb | 15 | Extreme |
| Mar | 13 | Extreme |
| Apr | 9 | Very high |
| May | 7 | High |
| Jun | 6 | High |
| Jul | 5 | High |
| Aug | 8 | Very high |
| Sep | 8 | Very high |
| Oct | 11 | Extreme |
| Nov | 13 | Extreme |
| Dec | 14 | Extreme |
Where is Itapeva?
Itapeva sits at 24.0°S, 48.9°W, 688 m above sea level, in Brazil. The nearest listed city is Ribeirão Branco, 29 km away.
Topography around Itapeva
How much the land rises and falls, and what covers it, within 3, 16 and 80 km of Itapeva.
Within 3 km, the terrain around Itapeva has only modest variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 217 m around an average of 699 m above sea level; within 16 km, significant variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 375 m; within 80 km, very significant variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 1,294 m.
The land around Itapeva is covered by artificial surfaces (35%), trees (26%) and grassland (23%) within 3 km, trees (50%) and cropland (36%) within 16 km, and trees (58%) and cropland (26%) within 80 km.
Brazil travel facts
- Travel advisory
- Level 2
- Exercise Increased Caution
- Power plugs
- Type C / N
- 127 / 220 V · 60 Hz
- Prices
- ≈ 46% of US
- price level, 2025
- GDP per capita
- $10,713
- 2025
- Happiness
- 6.6 / 10
- World Happiness, 2025
- Safe drinking water
- 89%
- of population, 2024
- Homicide rate
- 19.3
- per 100k, 2023
- Road deaths
- 16
- per 100k/yr, 2019
- Income group
- Upper middle
- World Bank
- English
- Low
- EF EPI 482
- Religion
Sources: World Bank, US State Department, World Happiness Report, WHO/UNICEF, EF EPI, CIA World Factbook.
Data sources
Temperature, precipitation, cloud, humidity, wind and solar figures are a 1991–2020 climatology for Itapeva (-23.9822°, -48.8756°, elevation 688 m), computed from hourly ERA5 reanalysis — contains modified Copernicus Climate Change Service information. Sun figures are astronomical calculations, not observations. City data © GeoNames, CC BY 4.0. Map outlines from Natural Earth (public domain); interactive map © Google. UV index is derived from CAMS (Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service) clear-sky UV data — contains modified Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service information. Topography is sampled from the Copernicus DEM GLO-90 elevation model (© ESA/Airbus) and ESA WorldCover 2021 land cover (CC BY 4.0).