Júlio de Castilhos weather in February
In February, Júlio de Castilhos sees average daytime highs of 28°C and overnight lows near 18°C, with 145 mm of rain across 14.2 wet days and about 13 hours of daylight. It is the 3rd-warmest and 8th-wettest month of the year here.
Day-to-day highs hold fairly steady near 28°C through the month. The sky is clear or mostly clear about 31% of the time in February, and the air most often feels muggy.
Daylight stretches from about 13 h 24 min at the start of February to 12 h 42 min by month's end. Set against the rest of the year, February is Júlio de Castilhos's 9th-clearest and 12th-windiest month. For the whole year in context, see Júlio de Castilhos's year-round climate.
- Daytime high
- 28°
- 3rd warmest
- Overnight low
- 18°
- 11th coldest
- Rainfall
- 145 mm
- 14.2 wet days
- Daylight
- 13 hours
- 7:18 AM – 8:21 PM
- Cloud cover
- 58%
- 9th clearest
- Wind
- 11 km/h
- 12th windiest
- Solar energy
- 5.83 kWh/m²
- Travel score
- 5.4
- out of 10
Júlio de Castilhos is human settlement in Brazil.
Air quality: WHO Ambient Air Quality Database. Density & description: Wikidata (CC0), GeoNames.
Temperature in February
Day-to-day highs hold fairly steady near 28°C through the month.
A typical February day in Júlio de Castilhos reaches about 28°C in the afternoon and slips back to 18°C overnight — a 10°C spread between the day's warmth and the night's chill. On most days the high lands between 24°C and 31°C. Set against its neighbours, February runs about 1°C cooler than January and about 1°C warmer than March.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Avg high (°C) | 28 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 28 |
| Avg low (°C) | 19 | 19 | 19 | 19 | 19 | 19 | 19 | 19 | 19 | 19 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 |
| Avg high (°C) | Avg low (°C) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 28 | 19 |
| 2 | 28 | 19 |
| 3 | 28 | 19 |
| 4 | 28 | 19 |
| 5 | 28 | 19 |
| 6 | 28 | 19 |
| 7 | 28 | 19 |
| 8 | 28 | 19 |
| 9 | 28 | 19 |
| 10 | 28 | 19 |
| 11 | 28 | 18 |
| 12 | 28 | 18 |
| 13 | 28 | 18 |
| 14 | 28 | 18 |
| 15 | 28 | 18 |
| 16 | 28 | 18 |
| 17 | 28 | 18 |
| 18 | 28 | 18 |
| 19 | 28 | 18 |
| 20 | 28 | 18 |
| 21 | 28 | 18 |
| 22 | 28 | 18 |
| 23 | 28 | 18 |
| 24 | 28 | 18 |
| 25 | 28 | 18 |
| 26 | 28 | 18 |
| 27 | 28 | 18 |
| 28 | 28 | 18 |
Júlio de Castilhos weather by month
How February compares with the rest of the year at a glance. February is the 3rd-warmest and 8th-wettest month here — the current month is highlighted below.
| Month | High / Low (°C) | Rainfall (mm) | Wet days | Daylight (hours) | Travel score |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 29° / 19° | 173 | 15.5 | 13.7 | 5.0 |
| Feb | 28° / 18° | 145 | 14.2 | 13 | 5.4 |
| Mar | 27° / 17° | 132 | 12.6 | 12.2 | 6.2 |
| Apr | 24° / 15° | 146 | 10.4 | 11.3 | 6.8 |
| May | 20° / 11° | 128 | 9.2 | 10.6 | 6.5 |
| Jun | 18° / 10° | 136 | 10.1 | 10.2 | 5.9 |
| Jul | 18° / 9° | 158 | 10.3 | 10.3 | 5.9 |
| Aug | 20° / 10° | 130 | 9.9 | 11 | 6.5 |
| Sep | 21° / 12° | 167 | 11.2 | 11.8 | 6.3 |
| Oct | 24° / 14° | 226 | 13.2 | 12.7 | 6.4 |
| Nov | 26° / 15° | 151 | 11.3 | 13.5 | 6.5 |
| Dec | 28° / 18° | 172 | 13.2 | 13.8 | 5.5 |
Cloud cover in February
The sky is clear or mostly clear about 31% of the time in February.
Beyond those clear spells, partly cloudy skies cover about 19% of February, with mostly cloudy or overcast conditions the remaining 49%.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clearer (%) | 51 | 51 | 51 | 52 | 53 | 53 | 53 | 53 | 53 | 53 | 52 | 52 | 52 | 51 | 51 | 50 | 50 | 48 | 48 | 48 | 48 | 48 | 47 | 48 | 48 | 50 | 50 | 50 |
| Cloudier (%) | 49 | 49 | 49 | 48 | 47 | 47 | 47 | 47 | 47 | 47 | 48 | 48 | 48 | 49 | 49 | 50 | 50 | 52 | 52 | 52 | 52 | 52 | 53 | 52 | 52 | 50 | 50 | 50 |
| Clearer (%) | Cloudier (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 51 | 49 |
| 2 | 51 | 49 |
| 3 | 51 | 49 |
| 4 | 52 | 48 |
| 5 | 53 | 47 |
| 6 | 53 | 47 |
| 7 | 53 | 47 |
| 8 | 53 | 47 |
| 9 | 53 | 47 |
| 10 | 53 | 47 |
| 11 | 52 | 48 |
| 12 | 52 | 48 |
| 13 | 52 | 48 |
| 14 | 51 | 49 |
| 15 | 51 | 49 |
| 16 | 50 | 50 |
| 17 | 50 | 50 |
| 18 | 48 | 52 |
| 19 | 48 | 52 |
| 20 | 48 | 52 |
| 21 | 48 | 52 |
| 22 | 48 | 52 |
| 23 | 47 | 53 |
| 24 | 48 | 52 |
| 25 | 48 | 52 |
| 26 | 50 | 50 |
| 27 | 50 | 50 |
| 28 | 50 | 50 |
Chance of precipitation in February
Júlio de Castilhos gets around 145 mm of rain over 14.2 wet days in February. The line is the day-by-day chance of measurable precipitation.
Day to day, the chance of measurable rain averages around 51% and peaks near 55% on the wettest days. The odds ease toward the end of the month.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rain chance (%) | 55 | 55 | 55 | 54 | 54 | 53 | 53 | 52 | 52 | 51 | 50 | 50 | 50 | 50 | 50 | 50 | 49 | 49 | 49 | 49 | 49 | 49 | 49 | 49 | 49 | 49 | 48 | 48 |
| Rain chance (%) | |
|---|---|
| 1 | 55 |
| 2 | 55 |
| 3 | 55 |
| 4 | 54 |
| 5 | 54 |
| 6 | 53 |
| 7 | 53 |
| 8 | 52 |
| 9 | 52 |
| 10 | 51 |
| 11 | 50 |
| 12 | 50 |
| 13 | 50 |
| 14 | 50 |
| 15 | 50 |
| 16 | 50 |
| 17 | 49 |
| 18 | 49 |
| 19 | 49 |
| 20 | 49 |
| 21 | 49 |
| 22 | 49 |
| 23 | 49 |
| 24 | 49 |
| 25 | 49 |
| 26 | 49 |
| 27 | 48 |
| 28 | 48 |
Humidity in February
Most of February feels muggy — the stacked bands show each day's mix of comfort levels, read off the dew point.
By dew point, February lands in the muggy band about 44% of days. Sticky, muggy-or-worse air turns up on roughly 63% of them.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dry (%) | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 |
| Comfortable (%) | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 13 | 13 | 13 |
| Humid (%) | 22 | 22 | 23 | 23 | 23 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 23 | 23 | 23 | 22 | 22 | 22 | 22 | 22 | 22 | 22 | 22 | 23 | 23 | 24 | 24 | 25 |
| Muggy (%) | 46 | 45 | 45 | 44 | 44 | 44 | 43 | 43 | 43 | 44 | 44 | 44 | 44 | 45 | 45 | 45 | 45 | 45 | 45 | 44 | 44 | 43 | 43 | 42 | 41 | 41 | 40 | 40 |
| Oppressive (%) | 22 | 22 | 22 | 22 | 22 | 21 | 21 | 20 | 19 | 19 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 17 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 19 | 19 | 18 | 18 | 18 |
| Dry (%) | Comfortable (%) | Humid (%) | Muggy (%) | Oppressive (%) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2 | 9 | 22 | 46 | 22 |
| 2 | 2 | 9 | 22 | 45 | 22 |
| 3 | 2 | 9 | 23 | 45 | 22 |
| 4 | 2 | 9 | 23 | 44 | 22 |
| 5 | 2 | 9 | 23 | 44 | 22 |
| 6 | 2 | 9 | 24 | 44 | 21 |
| 7 | 3 | 9 | 24 | 43 | 21 |
| 8 | 3 | 10 | 24 | 43 | 20 |
| 9 | 3 | 10 | 24 | 43 | 19 |
| 10 | 3 | 10 | 24 | 44 | 19 |
| 11 | 4 | 10 | 24 | 44 | 18 |
| 12 | 4 | 10 | 24 | 44 | 18 |
| 13 | 4 | 10 | 23 | 44 | 18 |
| 14 | 4 | 11 | 23 | 45 | 18 |
| 15 | 5 | 11 | 23 | 45 | 17 |
| 16 | 5 | 11 | 22 | 45 | 18 |
| 17 | 5 | 11 | 22 | 45 | 18 |
| 18 | 5 | 11 | 22 | 45 | 18 |
| 19 | 5 | 11 | 22 | 45 | 18 |
| 20 | 5 | 11 | 22 | 44 | 18 |
| 21 | 5 | 11 | 22 | 44 | 18 |
| 22 | 5 | 11 | 22 | 43 | 18 |
| 23 | 5 | 12 | 22 | 43 | 18 |
| 24 | 4 | 12 | 23 | 42 | 19 |
| 25 | 4 | 12 | 23 | 41 | 19 |
| 26 | 4 | 13 | 24 | 41 | 18 |
| 27 | 4 | 13 | 24 | 40 | 18 |
| 28 | 4 | 13 | 25 | 40 | 18 |
Wind in February
Winds average 11 km/h in February, the calmest month.
Across February, daily wind ranges from about 11 km/h on the calmest days to 11 km/h at its breeziest. It stays fairly steady from day to day.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wind speed (km/h) | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 |
| Feels | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm |
| Wind speed (km/h) | Feels | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 11 | calm |
| 2 | 11 | calm |
| 3 | 11 | calm |
| 4 | 11 | calm |
| 5 | 11 | calm |
| 6 | 11 | calm |
| 7 | 11 | calm |
| 8 | 11 | calm |
| 9 | 11 | calm |
| 10 | 11 | calm |
| 11 | 11 | calm |
| 12 | 11 | calm |
| 13 | 11 | calm |
| 14 | 11 | calm |
| 15 | 11 | calm |
| 16 | 11 | calm |
| 17 | 11 | calm |
| 18 | 11 | calm |
| 19 | 11 | calm |
| 20 | 11 | calm |
| 21 | 11 | calm |
| 22 | 11 | calm |
| 23 | 11 | calm |
| 24 | 11 | calm |
| 25 | 11 | calm |
| 26 | 11 | calm |
| 27 | 11 | calm |
| 28 | 11 | calm |
Sunrise & sunset in February
Daylight runs from about 13 h 24 min at the start of February to 12 h 42 min by month's end. The lit band spans sunrise to sunset each day.
Days shrink by about 42 minutes over February. Sunrise moves from 7:07 AM to 7:27 AM, and sunset from 8:30 PM to 8:09 PM.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Daylight (h) | 13.4 | 13.4 | 13.3 | 13.3 | 13.3 | 13.3 | 13.2 | 13.2 | 13.2 | 13.2 | 13.1 | 13.1 | 13.1 | 13.1 | 13.0 | 13.0 | 13.0 | 13.0 | 12.9 | 12.9 | 12.9 | 12.9 | 12.8 | 12.8 | 12.8 | 12.7 | 12.7 | 12.7 |
| Sunrise (AM) | 7:07 | 7:08 | 7:08 | 7:09 | 7:10 | 7:11 | 7:12 | 7:12 | 7:13 | 7:14 | 7:15 | 7:16 | 7:16 | 7:17 | 7:18 | 7:19 | 7:20 | 7:20 | 7:21 | 7:22 | 7:22 | 7:23 | 7:24 | 7:25 | 7:25 | 7:26 | 7:27 | 7:27 |
| Sunset (PM) | 8:30 | 8:29 | 8:29 | 8:28 | 8:28 | 8:27 | 8:26 | 8:26 | 8:25 | 8:24 | 8:24 | 8:23 | 8:22 | 8:21 | 8:21 | 8:20 | 8:19 | 8:18 | 8:17 | 8:16 | 8:16 | 8:15 | 8:14 | 8:13 | 8:12 | 8:11 | 8:10 | 8:09 |
| Daylight (h) | Sunrise (AM) | Sunset (PM) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 13.4 | 7:07 | 8:30 |
| 2 | 13.4 | 7:08 | 8:29 |
| 3 | 13.3 | 7:08 | 8:29 |
| 4 | 13.3 | 7:09 | 8:28 |
| 5 | 13.3 | 7:10 | 8:28 |
| 6 | 13.3 | 7:11 | 8:27 |
| 7 | 13.2 | 7:12 | 8:26 |
| 8 | 13.2 | 7:12 | 8:26 |
| 9 | 13.2 | 7:13 | 8:25 |
| 10 | 13.2 | 7:14 | 8:24 |
| 11 | 13.1 | 7:15 | 8:24 |
| 12 | 13.1 | 7:16 | 8:23 |
| 13 | 13.1 | 7:16 | 8:22 |
| 14 | 13.1 | 7:17 | 8:21 |
| 15 | 13.0 | 7:18 | 8:21 |
| 16 | 13.0 | 7:19 | 8:20 |
| 17 | 13.0 | 7:20 | 8:19 |
| 18 | 13.0 | 7:20 | 8:18 |
| 19 | 12.9 | 7:21 | 8:17 |
| 20 | 12.9 | 7:22 | 8:16 |
| 21 | 12.9 | 7:22 | 8:16 |
| 22 | 12.9 | 7:23 | 8:15 |
| 23 | 12.8 | 7:24 | 8:14 |
| 24 | 12.8 | 7:25 | 8:13 |
| 25 | 12.8 | 7:25 | 8:12 |
| 26 | 12.7 | 7:26 | 8:11 |
| 27 | 12.7 | 7:27 | 8:10 |
| 28 | 12.7 | 7:27 | 8:09 |
Solar energy in February
Average shortwave solar energy reaching the ground each day in February, about 5.83 kWh/m².
For context, solar energy here swings from a low near 2.51 kWh/m² to a high of 6.69 kWh/m² in December across the year — February's 5.83 kWh/m² falls in the middle.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | 6.1 | 6.1 | 6.1 | 6.1 | 6.1 | 6.0 | 6.0 | 6.0 | 6.0 | 6.0 | 6.0 | 5.9 | 5.9 | 5.9 | 5.8 | 5.8 | 5.8 | 5.7 | 5.7 | 5.7 | 5.7 | 5.6 | 5.6 | 5.6 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.5 |
| Level | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright |
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 6.1 | Intense |
| 2 | 6.1 | Intense |
| 3 | 6.1 | Intense |
| 4 | 6.1 | Intense |
| 5 | 6.1 | Intense |
| 6 | 6.0 | Intense |
| 7 | 6.0 | Intense |
| 8 | 6.0 | Intense |
| 9 | 6.0 | Bright |
| 10 | 6.0 | Bright |
| 11 | 6.0 | Bright |
| 12 | 5.9 | Bright |
| 13 | 5.9 | Bright |
| 14 | 5.9 | Bright |
| 15 | 5.8 | Bright |
| 16 | 5.8 | Bright |
| 17 | 5.8 | Bright |
| 18 | 5.7 | Bright |
| 19 | 5.7 | Bright |
| 20 | 5.7 | Bright |
| 21 | 5.7 | Bright |
| 22 | 5.6 | Bright |
| 23 | 5.6 | Bright |
| 24 | 5.6 | Bright |
| 25 | 5.5 | Bright |
| 26 | 5.5 | Bright |
| 27 | 5.5 | Bright |
| 28 | 5.5 | Bright |
Is February a good time to visit Júlio de Castilhos?
Our two travel scores rate February for general sightseeing and for beach or pool weather — 0 (poor) to 10 (ideal).
February is a reasonable time to visit Júlio de Castilhos for sightseeing.
What to pack for Júlio de Castilhos in February
From February's temperature range, rain chance, sun and wind — what's worth putting in the bag.
In February, Júlio de Castilhos sees daytime highs around 28°C and nights near 18°C. Pack light clothes and rain gear. Worth having: sun protection. About 14 days see rain.
UV index in Júlio de Castilhos in February
Clear-sky midday UV in February peaks around 13 (very high — sun protection essential). The full-year curve, shaded by WHO exposure level, is below.
Under clear skies, the midday UV index in Júlio de Castilhos peaks around January 19 at about 14 (extreme) — sunscreen, a hat and midday shade are essential. It bottoms out near June 20 at about 4 (moderate).
The index reaches 3 or more — the level where the WHO recommends sun protection — every month of the year.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UV index (midday) | 14 | 13 | 11 | 8 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 8 | 6 | 12 | 13 |
| Level | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Very high | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Very high | High | Extreme | Extreme |
| UV index (midday) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 14 | Extreme |
| Feb | 13 | Extreme |
| Mar | 11 | Extreme |
| Apr | 8 | Very high |
| May | 5 | Moderate |
| Jun | 4 | Moderate |
| Jul | 4 | Moderate |
| Aug | 5 | Moderate |
| Sep | 8 | Very high |
| Oct | 6 | High |
| Nov | 12 | Extreme |
| Dec | 13 | Extreme |
Where is Júlio de Castilhos?
Júlio de Castilhos sits at 29.2°S, 53.7°W, 529 m above sea level, in Brazil. The nearest listed city is Tupanciretã, 22 km away.
Topography around Júlio de Castilhos
How much the land rises and falls, and what covers it, within 3, 16 and 80 km of Júlio de Castilhos.
Within 3 km, the terrain around Júlio de Castilhos has only modest variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 99 m around an average of 483 m above sea level; within 16 km, only modest variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 186 m; within 80 km, large variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 619 m.
The land around Júlio de Castilhos is covered by cropland (47%) and grassland (21%) within 3 km, cropland (72%) within 16 km, and cropland (58%) and trees (24%) within 80 km.
Brazil travel facts
- Travel advisory
- Level 2
- Exercise Increased Caution
- Power plugs
- Type C / N
- 127 / 220 V · 60 Hz
- Prices
- ≈ 46% of US
- price level, 2025
- GDP per capita
- $10,713
- 2025
- Happiness
- 6.6 / 10
- World Happiness, 2025
- Safe drinking water
- 89%
- of population, 2024
- Homicide rate
- 19.3
- per 100k, 2023
- Road deaths
- 16
- per 100k/yr, 2019
- Income group
- Upper middle
- World Bank
- English
- Low
- EF EPI 482
- Religion
Sources: World Bank, US State Department, World Happiness Report, WHO/UNICEF, EF EPI, CIA World Factbook.
Data sources
Temperature, precipitation, cloud, humidity, wind and solar figures are a 1991–2020 climatology for Júlio de Castilhos (-29.2269°, -53.6817°, elevation 529 m), computed from hourly ERA5 reanalysis — contains modified Copernicus Climate Change Service information. Sun figures are astronomical calculations, not observations. City data © GeoNames, CC BY 4.0. Map outlines from Natural Earth (public domain); interactive map © Google. UV index is derived from CAMS (Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service) clear-sky UV data — contains modified Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service information. Topography is sampled from the Copernicus DEM GLO-90 elevation model (© ESA/Airbus) and ESA WorldCover 2021 land cover (CC BY 4.0).