Climate and average weather in Santos Dumont
In Santos Dumont, the weather is humid, hot, wet, and partly cloudy and remarkably steady, with daytime highs holding near hot levels all year. The wettest stretch peaks around December.
Over the course of the year, the temperature in Santos Dumont typically varies from 13°C to 28°C, and is rarely below 10°C or above 31°C. February is the hottest month of the year, while July is the coldest.
Based on the travel score, the best time of year to visit Santos Dumont for warm-weather activities is from late April to late September.
- Hottest
- Feb
- 28°
- Coldest
- Jul
- 13°
- Wettest
- Dec
- 318 mm
- Driest
- Jun
- 21 mm
- Rain / yr
- 1706 mm
- 166 wet days
- Daylight
- 10.7–13.3 h
- shortest–longest
- Elevation
- 844 m
- 21.5°S
- Clearest
- Aug
- 47% cloud
Santos Dumont is human settlement in Brazil.
Air quality: WHO Ambient Air Quality Database. Density & description: Wikidata (CC0), GeoNames.
Santos Dumont weather by month, at a glance
The whole year in one picture — sky, rain, humidity, temperature and travel score. Click any band to jump to its full chart.
Each stripe is one measure across the whole year, stacked so a single day reads top to bottom. The sky band runs overcast grey on top down to clear blue at the base — more blue means sunnier — followed by the rainfall curve, the humidity band, a temperature strip that tints each stretch of the year by how warm its average high is, and the travel-score line at the foot. Scan straight down any date to read that day across every measure at once; the score climbs highest around late April to late September.
Temperature through the year
Daily average highs and lows in Santos Dumont, from 1991–2020 of climate data. The shaded bands show the range most days fall in — 10th to 90th percentile.
Temperatures in Santos Dumont stay fairly even through the year, without a distinct hot or cool season. The warmest month is February, with an average high of 28°C and low of 19°C; the coolest is July, with an average low of 13°C and high of 23°C.
Days typically run about 9°C warmer than nights year-round.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Avg high (°C) | 28 | 28 | 27 | 26 | 24 | 23 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 25 | 26 | 27 |
| Avg low (°C) | 19 | 19 | 19 | 17 | 15 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 15 | 17 | 17 | 19 |
| Avg high (°C) | Avg low (°C) | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 28 | 19 |
| Feb | 28 | 19 |
| Mar | 27 | 19 |
| Apr | 26 | 17 |
| May | 24 | 15 |
| Jun | 23 | 13 |
| Jul | 23 | 13 |
| Aug | 24 | 13 |
| Sep | 25 | 15 |
| Oct | 25 | 17 |
| Nov | 26 | 17 |
| Dec | 27 | 19 |
Average hourly temperature in Santos Dumont
A compact picture of the whole year, hour by hour: each column is a day, each row an hour, and the color is the modeled average temperature. Darker overlays mark night, lighter ones the civil-twilight hours around sunrise and sunset.
Read left to right for the day of the year and top to bottom for the hour of the day; the color is the modeled temperature, cool blues through to hot reds on the same scale as the other charts. A vertical slice is a single day's swing — coolest just before dawn, warmest in the mid-afternoon — while a horizontal slice follows one hour across the seasons. The darker overlay marks night and the lighter one the twilight around sunrise and sunset. Colors run warmest on February afternoons, near 28°C, and coldest before dawn in July, near 13°C.
Santos Dumont weather by month
Every month at a glance. Click a month for its detailed page.
| Month | High / Low (°C) | Rainfall (mm) | Wet days | Daylight (hours) | Travel score |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 28° / 19° | 296 | 20.9 | 13.2 | 4.6 |
| Feb | 28° / 19° | 196 | 16.2 | 12.7 | 4.9 |
| Mar | 27° / 19° | 204 | 20 | 12.2 | 4.9 |
| Apr | 26° / 17° | 89 | 12.8 | 11.5 | 6.2 |
| May | 24° / 15° | 50 | 8 | 11 | 7.2 |
| Jun | 23° / 13° | 21 | 4.6 | 10.7 | 7.8 |
| Jul | 23° / 13° | 22 | 4.9 | 10.8 | 7.8 |
| Aug | 24° / 13° | 29 | 5.7 | 11.3 | 7.8 |
| Sep | 25° / 15° | 75 | 10.6 | 11.9 | 6.8 |
| Oct | 25° / 17° | 139 | 16.6 | 12.5 | 5.6 |
| Nov | 26° / 17° | 266 | 21.3 | 13 | 4.7 |
| Dec | 27° / 19° | 318 | 23.9 | 13.3 | 4.3 |
Chance of rain
How likely it is to rain on a typical day, and how that shifts across the wetter and drier seasons.
Santos Dumont gets about 1706 mm of precipitation a year. On a typical day the chance of rain is very wet, but that rises and falls sharply with the seasons.
The wetter season lasts 6.5 months, from around Sep 27 to Apr 11, peaking in December at about 77% chance on a given day. The drier stretch runs the rest of the year, bottoming out around Jun 29.
December is the wettest month by volume, with 318 mm over about 24 wet days; June is the driest, with 21 mm.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rain on a day (%) | 67 | 59 | 63 | 43 | 27 | 15 | 16 | 19 | 36 | 54 | 71 | 77 |
| Rain days | 21 | 16 | 20 | 13 | 8 | 5 | 5 | 6 | 11 | 17 | 21 | 24 |
| Rain on a day (%) | Rain days | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 67 | 21 |
| Feb | 59 | 16 |
| Mar | 63 | 20 |
| Apr | 43 | 13 |
| May | 27 | 8 |
| Jun | 15 | 5 |
| Jul | 16 | 5 |
| Aug | 19 | 6 |
| Sep | 36 | 11 |
| Oct | 54 | 17 |
| Nov | 71 | 21 |
| Dec | 77 | 24 |
Monthly rainfall
Over a full year, Santos Dumont collects about 1706 mm of rain across 166 wet days — roughly 142 mm in an average month.
It doesn’t fall evenly. December is the wettest month with 318 mm, while June is the driest at just 21 mm. The three wettest months alone bring about 52% of the year’s total.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rainfall (mm) | 296 | 196 | 204 | 89 | 50 | 21 | 22 | 29 | 75 | 139 | 266 | 318 |
| Rain days | 21 | 16 | 20 | 13 | 8 | 5 | 5 | 6 | 11 | 17 | 21 | 24 |
| Rainfall (mm) | Rain days | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 296 | 21 |
| Feb | 196 | 16 |
| Mar | 204 | 20 |
| Apr | 89 | 13 |
| May | 50 | 8 |
| Jun | 21 | 5 |
| Jul | 22 | 5 |
| Aug | 29 | 6 |
| Sep | 75 | 11 |
| Oct | 139 | 17 |
| Nov | 266 | 21 |
| Dec | 318 | 24 |
Clouds and sunshine
How often the daytime sky is clear, partly cloudy or overcast.
In Santos Dumont, the average share of the sky covered by clouds shows significant seasonal variation over the course of the year.
The clearer part of the year begins around April 7 and lasts for 5.6 months, ending around September 22. The clearest month is August, when the sky is clear, mostly clear, or partly cloudy 61% of the time on average.
The cloudier part of the year begins around September 23 and lasts for 6.4 months, ending around April 6. The cloudiest month is November, when it is overcast or mostly cloudy 83% of the time.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clearer (%) | 24 | 33 | 33 | 44 | 46 | 57 | 60 | 61 | 47 | 30 | 17 | 19 |
| Cloudier (%) | 76 | 67 | 67 | 56 | 54 | 43 | 40 | 39 | 53 | 70 | 83 | 81 |
| Clearer (%) | Cloudier (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 24 | 76 |
| Feb | 33 | 67 |
| Mar | 33 | 67 |
| Apr | 44 | 56 |
| May | 46 | 54 |
| Jun | 57 | 43 |
| Jul | 60 | 40 |
| Aug | 61 | 39 |
| Sep | 47 | 53 |
| Oct | 30 | 70 |
| Nov | 17 | 83 |
| Dec | 19 | 81 |
Daylight, sunrise and sunset
Hours of daylight through the year, with sunrise and sunset times.
The gold band is daylight — sunrise runs along its lower edge, sunset along the upper — so it widens toward summer and pinches toward winter, with night the dark area above and below. The longest day, around January 1, brings about 13 h 18 min of light; the shortest, around June 7, only 10 h 42 min — a swing of roughly 2 h 36 min.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Daylight (h) | 13.2 | 12.7 | 12.2 | 11.5 | 11.0 | 10.7 | 10.8 | 11.3 | 11.9 | 12.5 | 13.0 | 13.3 |
| Sunrise (AM) | 6:28 | 6:47 | 6:59 | 7:09 | 7:21 | 7:33 | 7:36 | 7:21 | 6:52 | 6:24 | 6:08 | 6:11 |
| Sunset (PM) | 7:39 | 7:31 | 7:08 | 6:40 | 6:20 | 6:15 | 6:24 | 6:36 | 6:45 | 6:54 | 7:11 | 7:29 |
| Daylight (h) | Sunrise (AM) | Sunset (PM) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 13.2 | 6:28 | 7:39 |
| Feb | 12.7 | 6:47 | 7:31 |
| Mar | 12.2 | 6:59 | 7:08 |
| Apr | 11.5 | 7:09 | 6:40 |
| May | 11.0 | 7:21 | 6:20 |
| Jun | 10.7 | 7:33 | 6:15 |
| Jul | 10.8 | 7:36 | 6:24 |
| Aug | 11.3 | 7:21 | 6:36 |
| Sep | 11.9 | 6:52 | 6:45 |
| Oct | 12.5 | 6:24 | 6:54 |
| Nov | 13.0 | 6:08 | 7:11 |
| Dec | 13.3 | 6:11 | 7:29 |
Sunny days
How many genuinely sunny days each month brings — days the sky stays clear or mostly clear — banded into plain-language zones.
Santos Dumont averages about 7 sunny days a month — counting the days the sky stays clear or mostly clear — with a clear seasonal swing between 1 and 15 days.
The sunnier stretch runs 5.2 months, from around Apr 19 to Sep 22. The sunniest month is August, with roughly 14 sunny days (mixed).
The greyest month is December, down near 2 sunny days — about 84% fewer than the August peak.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sunny days | 4 | 5 | 4 | 7 | 9 | 12 | 14 | 14 | 10 | 5 | 2 | 2 |
| Sky | Gloomy | Gloomy | Gloomy | Gloomy | Mixed | Mixed | Mixed | Mixed | Mixed | Gloomy | Gloomy | Gloomy |
| Sunny days | Sky | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 4 | Gloomy |
| Feb | 5 | Gloomy |
| Mar | 4 | Gloomy |
| Apr | 7 | Gloomy |
| May | 9 | Mixed |
| Jun | 12 | Mixed |
| Jul | 14 | Mixed |
| Aug | 14 | Mixed |
| Sep | 10 | Mixed |
| Oct | 5 | Gloomy |
| Nov | 2 | Gloomy |
| Dec | 2 | Gloomy |
Humidity comfort
Share of days at each humidity comfort level, based on the dew point — the measure that tracks how muggy it actually feels.
Humidity comfort is graded by the dew point — the temperature at which the air would be fully saturated — because it tracks how muggy it actually feels far better than relative humidity does. A low dew point feels dry and crisp; a high one feels sticky and oppressive no matter the reading on a humidity gauge.
In Santos Dumont, how humid it feels changes dramatically over the year.
The more humid part of the year lasts 6.6 months, from around October 11 to April 29. The muggiest month is January, when the air feels humid, muggy or worse about 99% of the time.
The most comfortable stretch runs from around April 30 to October 10, and July is the most comfortable month — the air is dry or comfortable 96% of the time.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dry (%) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 16 | 31 | 49 | 47 | 26 | 9 | 2 | 0 |
| Comfortable (%) | 1 | 1 | 3 | 18 | 46 | 56 | 48 | 45 | 46 | 27 | 15 | 3 |
| Humid (%) | 29 | 32 | 32 | 47 | 35 | 13 | 4 | 9 | 26 | 49 | 47 | 34 |
| Muggy (%) | 68 | 66 | 65 | 34 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 15 | 37 | 62 |
| Oppressive (%) | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Dry (%) | Comfortable (%) | Humid (%) | Muggy (%) | Oppressive (%) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 0 | 1 | 29 | 68 | 2 |
| Feb | 0 | 1 | 32 | 66 | 1 |
| Mar | 0 | 3 | 32 | 65 | 1 |
| Apr | 2 | 18 | 47 | 34 | 0 |
| May | 16 | 46 | 35 | 3 | 0 |
| Jun | 31 | 56 | 13 | 0 | 0 |
| Jul | 49 | 48 | 4 | 0 | 0 |
| Aug | 47 | 45 | 9 | 0 | 0 |
| Sep | 26 | 46 | 26 | 2 | 0 |
| Oct | 9 | 27 | 49 | 15 | 0 |
| Nov | 2 | 15 | 47 | 37 | 0 |
| Dec | 0 | 3 | 34 | 62 | 0 |
Wind
Average wind speed through the year, banded into plain-language speed zones so a number reads as 'breezy' or 'calm' without knowing the scale.
This is the average sustained wind speed at the standard 10 metres above open ground — the steady flow a weather station reports, not the sharper gusts that come and go, which can run half again as fast. It's the number that says whether a place is generally breezy or calm.
Wind in Santos Dumont is steady company: average speeds sit near 8 km/h — calm — in every month of the year, with no meaningful windy or calm season.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wind speed (km/h) | 8 | 8 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 8 | 8 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 8 |
| Feels | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm |
| Wind speed (km/h) | Feels | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 8 | calm |
| Feb | 8 | calm |
| Mar | 7 | calm |
| Apr | 7 | calm |
| May | 7 | calm |
| Jun | 7 | calm |
| Jul | 8 | calm |
| Aug | 8 | calm |
| Sep | 9 | calm |
| Oct | 9 | calm |
| Nov | 9 | calm |
| Dec | 8 | calm |
Hazard calendar for Santos Dumont
When the seasonal hazards worth planning around — the rainy season, tropical-cyclone risk and dust haze — are active through the year.
Santos Dumont's monsoon runs November–March, when most of the year's rain falls.
Best time to visit Santos Dumont
To characterize how pleasant the weather is in Santos Dumont throughout the year, we compute two travel scores — one for general sightseeing, one for beach and pool weather.
Around mid September, Santos Dumont is still near the tail of its best-weather window — great conditions with the peak-season crowds already thinning.
Inferred from the travel-score curve; month-by-month visitor numbers are a planned addition.
The travel score favors clear, rainless days with daytime highs between 18°C and 28°C. Based on this score, the best time of year to visit Santos Dumont for general outdoor tourist activities is from mid April to late September, with a peak score in the last week of June.
The travel score (filled area), and its constituents: the temperature score (red line), the cloud cover score (blue line), and the precipitation score (green line).
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Travel score (0–10) | 4.6 | 4.8 | 4.9 | 6.2 | 7.1 | 7.8 | 7.8 | 7.8 | 6.8 | 5.6 | 4.7 | 4.3 |
| Rating | fair | fair | fair | good | good | ideal | ideal | ideal | good | good | fair | fair |
| Travel score (0–10) | Rating | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 4.6 | fair |
| Feb | 4.8 | fair |
| Mar | 4.9 | fair |
| Apr | 6.2 | good |
| May | 7.1 | good |
| Jun | 7.8 | ideal |
| Jul | 7.8 | ideal |
| Aug | 7.8 | ideal |
| Sep | 6.8 | good |
| Oct | 5.6 | good |
| Nov | 4.7 | fair |
| Dec | 4.3 | fair |
The beach/pool score favors clear, rainless days with daytime highs between 24°C and 34°C. Based on this score, the best times of year to visit Santos Dumont for hot-weather activities run from early February to late February and again from late March to mid October, with a peak score in the last week of August.
The beach/pool score (filled area), and its constituents: the temperature score (red line), the cloud cover score (blue line), and the precipitation score (green line).
What to pack for Santos Dumont, by month
Month by month, what's worth putting in the bag — from the temperature range, rain chance, sun and wind. Tap a month for a quick packing note.
Santos Dumont packs about the same all year — highs hold near 28°C. Across the year the things worth having are light clothes, rain gear and sun protection.
In February, Santos Dumont sees daytime highs around 28°C and nights near 19°C. Pack light clothes and rain gear. Worth having: sun protection. About 16 days see rain.
UV index (midday) in Santos Dumont by month
Clear-sky midday UV index through the year, shaded by the WHO exposure levels — how much sun protection each month calls for.
Under clear skies, the midday UV index in Santos Dumont peaks around February 10 at about 15 (extreme) — sunscreen, a hat and midday shade are essential. It bottoms out near June 23 at about 6 (high).
The index reaches 3 or more — the level where the WHO recommends sun protection — every month of the year.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UV index (midday) | 15 | 16 | 13 | 10 | 7 | 6 | 6 | 8 | 9 | 12 | 14 | 14 |
| Level | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Very high | High | High | Very high | Very high | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme |
| UV index (midday) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 15 | Extreme |
| Feb | 16 | Extreme |
| Mar | 13 | Extreme |
| Apr | 10 | Extreme |
| May | 7 | Very high |
| Jun | 6 | High |
| Jul | 6 | High |
| Aug | 8 | Very high |
| Sep | 9 | Very high |
| Oct | 12 | Extreme |
| Nov | 14 | Extreme |
| Dec | 14 | Extreme |
Average hourly UV index in Santos Dumont
Modeled clear-sky UV for every hour of every day — when in the day sun protection actually matters.
The whole year hour by hour: each column is a day, each row an hour, and the color is the modeled clear-sky UV index — the midday peak scaled down as the sun sits lower in the sky. Darker overlays mark night, lighter ones the civil-twilight hours around sunrise and sunset.
UV falls off far faster than brightness as the sun drops, so even in February the burn window is concentrated in the middle of the day: about 8.5 hours a day reach index 3 (protection recommended), and 7 hours reach 6 or more. Mornings and late afternoons stay comparatively gentle year round.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UV ≥ 3 (h/day) | 9 | 8.5 | 8 | 7 | 6 | 5.5 | 6 | 6.5 | 7 | 8 | 8.5 | 9 |
| UV ≥ 6 (h/day) | 7 | 7 | 6 | 5 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 4 | 4.5 | 6 | 6.5 | 7 |
| UV ≥ 3 (h/day) | UV ≥ 6 (h/day) | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 9 | 7 |
| Feb | 8.5 | 7 |
| Mar | 8 | 6 |
| Apr | 7 | 5 |
| May | 6 | 3 |
| Jun | 5.5 | 2 |
| Jul | 6 | 2 |
| Aug | 6.5 | 4 |
| Sep | 7 | 4.5 |
| Oct | 8 | 6 |
| Nov | 8.5 | 6.5 |
| Dec | 9 | 7 |
Air quality in Santos Dumont by month
Average fine-particle pollution (PM2.5) through the year — so you can see which months the air is worst, not just the yearly average.
Air quality in Santos Dumont is worst in September — around 22 µg/m³ PM2.5 (moderate), about 2.0× the cleanest month (January, 11 µg/m³).
Modeled monthly averages (CAMS reanalysis, 2015–2024).
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PM2.5 (µg/m³) | 11 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 15 | 15 | 14 | 16 | 22 | 14 | 12 | 11 |
| Level | Good | Good | Good | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Good | Good |
| PM2.5 (µg/m³) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 11 | Good |
| Feb | 11 | Good |
| Mar | 12 | Good |
| Apr | 13 | Moderate |
| May | 15 | Moderate |
| Jun | 15 | Moderate |
| Jul | 14 | Moderate |
| Aug | 16 | Moderate |
| Sep | 22 | Moderate |
| Oct | 14 | Moderate |
| Nov | 12 | Good |
| Dec | 11 | Good |
Growing season
Santos Dumont is frost-free year round — even the coldest nights rarely reach freezing, so there is no start or end to the growing season.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Frost-free chance (%) | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
| Frost nights | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Frost-free chance (%) | Frost nights | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 100 | 0 |
| Feb | 100 | 0 |
| Mar | 100 | 0 |
| Apr | 100 | 0 |
| May | 100 | 0 |
| Jun | 100 | 0 |
| Jul | 100 | 0 |
| Aug | 100 | 0 |
| Sep | 100 | 0 |
| Oct | 100 | 0 |
| Nov | 100 | 0 |
| Dec | 100 | 0 |
Growing degree days
Growing degree days tally heat above 10°C: each day adds however many degrees its average temperature runs over that threshold, and cold days add nothing. Santos Dumont banks about 3,931 degree days a year, and the running total — which growers use to time plantings and predict maturity — climbs fastest around February.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Growing degree days (°C·days) | 413 | 379 | 398 | 342 | 281 | 243 | 239 | 261 | 294 | 340 | 346 | 395 |
| Growing degree days (°C·days) | |
|---|---|
| Jan | 413 |
| Feb | 379 |
| Mar | 398 |
| Apr | 342 |
| May | 281 |
| Jun | 243 |
| Jul | 239 |
| Aug | 261 |
| Sep | 294 |
| Oct | 340 |
| Nov | 346 |
| Dec | 395 |
Solar energy
Average daily shortwave solar energy reaching the ground, banded into brightness zones so the number means something at a glance.
Solar energy is how much sunlight actually reaches the ground each day, measured in kilowatt-hours per square metre (kWh/m²) — the combined effect of how long the sun is up, how high it climbs, and how much cloud gets in the way. It's the raw fuel a solar panel has to work with: for scale, 1 kWh/m² a day is dim and wintry, while 7+ is desert-bright.
Santos Dumont receives about 4.7 kWh/m² a day of solar energy on average — bright — with a clear seasonal swing between 3.4 and 5.8 kWh/m².
The brighter stretch of the year lasts 6.9 months, from around Aug 30 to Mar 28. The brightest month is February, averaging about 5.7 kWh/m² (bright).
The dimmest month is May, down near 3.6 kWh/m² — roughly 37% less than the February peak.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | 5.6 | 5.8 | 4.9 | 4.3 | 3.6 | 3.5 | 3.6 | 4.3 | 4.7 | 5.1 | 4.9 | 5.4 |
| Level | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright |
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 5.6 | Bright |
| Feb | 5.8 | Bright |
| Mar | 4.9 | Bright |
| Apr | 4.3 | Bright |
| May | 3.6 | Moderate |
| Jun | 3.5 | Moderate |
| Jul | 3.6 | Moderate |
| Aug | 4.3 | Bright |
| Sep | 4.7 | Bright |
| Oct | 5.1 | Bright |
| Nov | 4.9 | Bright |
| Dec | 5.4 | Bright |
Where is Santos Dumont?
Santos Dumont sits at 21.5°S, 43.6°W, 844 m above sea level, in Brazil. The nearest listed city is Barbacena, 34 km away.
Topography around Santos Dumont
How much the land rises and falls, and what covers it, within 3, 16 and 80 km of Santos Dumont.
Within 3 km, the terrain around Santos Dumont has only modest variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 182 m around an average of 890 m above sea level; within 16 km, large variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 756 m; within 80 km, very significant variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 1,595 m.
The land around Santos Dumont is covered by grassland (59%) and trees (27%) within 3 km, grassland (57%) and trees (41%) within 16 km, and grassland (58%) and trees (37%) within 80 km.
Brazil travel facts
- Travel advisory
- Level 2
- Exercise Increased Caution
- Power plugs
- Type C / N
- 127 / 220 V · 60 Hz
- Prices
- ≈ 46% of US
- price level, 2025
- GDP per capita
- $10,713
- 2025
- Happiness
- 6.6 / 10
- World Happiness, 2025
- Safe drinking water
- 89%
- of population, 2024
- Homicide rate
- 19.3
- per 100k, 2023
- Road deaths
- 16
- per 100k/yr, 2019
- Income group
- Upper middle
- World Bank
- English
- Low
- EF EPI 482
- Religion
Sources: World Bank, US State Department, World Happiness Report, WHO/UNICEF, EF EPI, CIA World Factbook.
Data sources
Temperature, precipitation, cloud, humidity, wind and solar figures are a 1991–2020 climatology for Santos Dumont (-21.4567°, -43.5525°, elevation 844 m), computed from hourly ERA5 reanalysis — contains modified Copernicus Climate Change Service information. Sun figures are astronomical calculations, not observations. City data © GeoNames, CC BY 4.0. Map outlines from Natural Earth (public domain); interactive map © Google. UV index is derived from CAMS (Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service) clear-sky UV data — contains modified Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service information. Monthly air-quality (PM2.5) seasonality is from the CAMS EAC4 reanalysis (Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service), scaled to the WHO annual mean where available. Topography is sampled from the Copernicus DEM GLO-90 elevation model (© ESA/Airbus) and ESA WorldCover 2021 land cover (CC BY 4.0).