São José da Laje weather in May
In May, São José da Laje sees average daytime highs of 27°C and overnight lows near 21°C, with 113 mm of rain across 23.3 wet days and about 11.6 hours of daylight. It is the 8th-warmest and 3rd-wettest month of the year here.
Day-to-day highs hold fairly steady near 27°C through the month. The sky is clear or mostly clear about 10% of the time in May, and the air most often feels oppressive.
Daylight stretches from about 11 h 42 min at the start of May to 11 h 30 min by month's end. Set against the rest of the year, May is São José da Laje's 11th-clearest and 11th-windiest month. For the whole year in context, see São José da Laje's year-round climate.
- Daytime high
- 27°
- 8th warmest
- Overnight low
- 21°
- 7th coldest
- Rainfall
- 113 mm
- 23.3 wet days
- Daylight
- 11 h 36 min
- 5:33 AM – 5:08 PM
- Cloud cover
- 67%
- 11th clearest
- Wind
- 8 km/h
- 11th windiest
- Solar energy
- 4.14 kWh/m²
- Travel score
- 4.6
- out of 10
São José da Laje is settlement in Brazil.
Air quality: WHO Ambient Air Quality Database. Density & description: Wikidata (CC0), GeoNames.
Temperature in May
Day-to-day highs hold fairly steady near 27°C through the month.
A typical May day in São José da Laje reaches about 27°C in the afternoon and slips back to 21°C overnight — a 6°C spread between the day's warmth and the night's chill. On most days the high lands between 25°C and 28°C. Set against its neighbours, May runs about 2°C cooler than April and about 2°C warmer than June.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Avg high (°C) | 27 | 27 | 27 | 27 | 27 | 27 | 27 | 27 | 27 | 27 | 27 | 27 | 27 | 27 | 27 | 27 | 27 | 27 | 27 | 27 | 27 | 26 | 26 | 26 | 26 | 26 | 26 | 26 | 26 | 26 | 26 |
| Avg low (°C) | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 |
| Avg high (°C) | Avg low (°C) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 27 | 21 |
| 2 | 27 | 21 |
| 3 | 27 | 21 |
| 4 | 27 | 21 |
| 5 | 27 | 21 |
| 6 | 27 | 21 |
| 7 | 27 | 21 |
| 8 | 27 | 21 |
| 9 | 27 | 21 |
| 10 | 27 | 21 |
| 11 | 27 | 21 |
| 12 | 27 | 21 |
| 13 | 27 | 21 |
| 14 | 27 | 21 |
| 15 | 27 | 21 |
| 16 | 27 | 21 |
| 17 | 27 | 21 |
| 18 | 27 | 21 |
| 19 | 27 | 20 |
| 20 | 27 | 20 |
| 21 | 27 | 20 |
| 22 | 26 | 20 |
| 23 | 26 | 20 |
| 24 | 26 | 20 |
| 25 | 26 | 20 |
| 26 | 26 | 20 |
| 27 | 26 | 20 |
| 28 | 26 | 20 |
| 29 | 26 | 20 |
| 30 | 26 | 20 |
| 31 | 26 | 20 |
How May really feels in São José da Laje
Once humidity and wind are folded in, May averages 0 days that feel above 32°C and 0 that feel at or below 0°C — the comfort signal a plain temperature reading hides.
May sits comfortably in between — no days that feel dangerously hot or drop to a hard freeze once humidity and wind are folded in.
São José da Laje weather by month
How May compares with the rest of the year at a glance. May is the 8th-warmest and 3rd-wettest month here — the current month is highlighted below.
| Month | High / Low (°C) | Rainfall (mm) | Wet days | Daylight (hours) | Travel score |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 29° / 21° | 59 | 16.3 | 12.5 | 4.6 |
| Feb | 29° / 21° | 63 | 16.1 | 12.3 | 4.4 |
| Mar | 29° / 22° | 75 | 19.4 | 12.1 | 4.2 |
| Apr | 28° / 21° | 92 | 20.2 | 11.8 | 4.4 |
| May | 27° / 21° | 113 | 23.3 | 11.6 | 4.6 |
| Jun | 25° / 20° | 132 | 24.7 | 11.5 | 4.4 |
| Jul | 25° / 19° | 127 | 25.3 | 11.5 | 4.5 |
| Aug | 25° / 18° | 97 | 23.5 | 11.7 | 4.8 |
| Sep | 26° / 19° | 70 | 19.7 | 11.9 | 5.2 |
| Oct | 27° / 20° | 50 | 15.7 | 12.2 | 5.6 |
| Nov | 29° / 20° | 35 | 11.1 | 12.4 | 5.5 |
| Dec | 29° / 21° | 36 | 11.6 | 12.5 | 5.1 |
Cloud cover in May
The sky is clear or mostly clear about 10% of the time in May.
Beyond those clear spells, partly cloudy skies cover about 31% of May, with mostly cloudy or overcast conditions the remaining 59%.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clearer (%) | 38 | 38 | 39 | 38 | 38 | 37 | 38 | 38 | 39 | 39 | 39 | 40 | 40 | 41 | 41 | 41 | 41 | 41 | 42 | 42 | 43 | 43 | 43 | 44 | 44 | 45 | 44 | 44 | 45 | 45 | 46 |
| Cloudier (%) | 62 | 62 | 61 | 62 | 62 | 63 | 62 | 62 | 61 | 61 | 61 | 60 | 60 | 59 | 59 | 59 | 59 | 59 | 58 | 58 | 57 | 57 | 57 | 56 | 56 | 55 | 56 | 56 | 55 | 55 | 54 |
| Clearer (%) | Cloudier (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 38 | 62 |
| 2 | 38 | 62 |
| 3 | 39 | 61 |
| 4 | 38 | 62 |
| 5 | 38 | 62 |
| 6 | 37 | 63 |
| 7 | 38 | 62 |
| 8 | 38 | 62 |
| 9 | 39 | 61 |
| 10 | 39 | 61 |
| 11 | 39 | 61 |
| 12 | 40 | 60 |
| 13 | 40 | 60 |
| 14 | 41 | 59 |
| 15 | 41 | 59 |
| 16 | 41 | 59 |
| 17 | 41 | 59 |
| 18 | 41 | 59 |
| 19 | 42 | 58 |
| 20 | 42 | 58 |
| 21 | 43 | 57 |
| 22 | 43 | 57 |
| 23 | 43 | 57 |
| 24 | 44 | 56 |
| 25 | 44 | 56 |
| 26 | 45 | 55 |
| 27 | 44 | 56 |
| 28 | 44 | 56 |
| 29 | 45 | 55 |
| 30 | 45 | 55 |
| 31 | 46 | 54 |
Chance of precipitation in May
São José da Laje gets around 113 mm of rain over 23.3 wet days in May. The line is the day-by-day chance of measurable precipitation.
Day to day, the chance of measurable rain averages around 75% and peaks near 82% on the wettest days. The odds climb toward the end of the month.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rain chance (%) | 73 | 73 | 73 | 74 | 74 | 74 | 73 | 73 | 73 | 72 | 72 | 72 | 72 | 72 | 72 | 72 | 72 | 73 | 74 | 74 | 75 | 76 | 76 | 77 | 78 | 79 | 79 | 80 | 81 | 81 | 82 |
| Rain chance (%) | |
|---|---|
| 1 | 73 |
| 2 | 73 |
| 3 | 73 |
| 4 | 74 |
| 5 | 74 |
| 6 | 74 |
| 7 | 73 |
| 8 | 73 |
| 9 | 73 |
| 10 | 72 |
| 11 | 72 |
| 12 | 72 |
| 13 | 72 |
| 14 | 72 |
| 15 | 72 |
| 16 | 72 |
| 17 | 72 |
| 18 | 73 |
| 19 | 74 |
| 20 | 74 |
| 21 | 75 |
| 22 | 76 |
| 23 | 76 |
| 24 | 77 |
| 25 | 78 |
| 26 | 79 |
| 27 | 79 |
| 28 | 80 |
| 29 | 81 |
| 30 | 81 |
| 31 | 82 |
Humidity in May
Most of May feels oppressive — the stacked bands show each day's mix of comfort levels, read off the dew point.
By dew point, May lands in the oppressive band about 52% of days. Sticky, muggy-or-worse air turns up on roughly 100% of them.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Muggy (%) | 34 | 34 | 34 | 35 | 36 | 37 | 38 | 39 | 41 | 42 | 43 | 45 | 46 | 47 | 48 | 49 | 50 | 51 | 51 | 52 | 53 | 53 | 54 | 54 | 55 | 56 | 57 | 58 | 60 | 62 | 63 |
| Oppressive (%) | 66 | 66 | 66 | 65 | 64 | 63 | 62 | 61 | 59 | 58 | 57 | 55 | 54 | 53 | 52 | 51 | 50 | 49 | 49 | 48 | 47 | 47 | 46 | 46 | 45 | 44 | 43 | 42 | 40 | 38 | 37 |
| Muggy (%) | Oppressive (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 34 | 66 |
| 2 | 34 | 66 |
| 3 | 34 | 66 |
| 4 | 35 | 65 |
| 5 | 36 | 64 |
| 6 | 37 | 63 |
| 7 | 38 | 62 |
| 8 | 39 | 61 |
| 9 | 41 | 59 |
| 10 | 42 | 58 |
| 11 | 43 | 57 |
| 12 | 45 | 55 |
| 13 | 46 | 54 |
| 14 | 47 | 53 |
| 15 | 48 | 52 |
| 16 | 49 | 51 |
| 17 | 50 | 50 |
| 18 | 51 | 49 |
| 19 | 51 | 49 |
| 20 | 52 | 48 |
| 21 | 53 | 47 |
| 22 | 53 | 47 |
| 23 | 54 | 46 |
| 24 | 54 | 46 |
| 25 | 55 | 45 |
| 26 | 56 | 44 |
| 27 | 57 | 43 |
| 28 | 58 | 42 |
| 29 | 60 | 40 |
| 30 | 62 | 38 |
| 31 | 63 | 37 |
Wind in May
Winds average 8 km/h in May.
Across May, daily wind ranges from about 8 km/h on the calmest days to 8 km/h at its breeziest. It stays fairly steady from day to day.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wind speed (km/h) | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 |
| Feels | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm |
| Wind speed (km/h) | Feels | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 8 | calm |
| 2 | 8 | calm |
| 3 | 8 | calm |
| 4 | 8 | calm |
| 5 | 8 | calm |
| 6 | 8 | calm |
| 7 | 8 | calm |
| 8 | 8 | calm |
| 9 | 8 | calm |
| 10 | 8 | calm |
| 11 | 8 | calm |
| 12 | 8 | calm |
| 13 | 8 | calm |
| 14 | 8 | calm |
| 15 | 8 | calm |
| 16 | 8 | calm |
| 17 | 8 | calm |
| 18 | 8 | calm |
| 19 | 8 | calm |
| 20 | 8 | calm |
| 21 | 8 | calm |
| 22 | 8 | calm |
| 23 | 8 | calm |
| 24 | 8 | calm |
| 25 | 8 | calm |
| 26 | 8 | calm |
| 27 | 8 | calm |
| 28 | 8 | calm |
| 29 | 8 | calm |
| 30 | 8 | calm |
| 31 | 8 | calm |
Sunrise & sunset in May
Daylight runs from about 11 h 42 min at the start of May to 11 h 30 min by month's end. The lit band spans sunrise to sunset each day.
Days shrink by about 12 minutes over May. Sunrise moves from 5:31 AM to 5:36 AM, and sunset from 5:12 PM to 5:07 PM.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Daylight (h) | 11.7 | 11.7 | 11.7 | 11.7 | 11.7 | 11.7 | 11.6 | 11.6 | 11.6 | 11.6 | 11.6 | 11.6 | 11.6 | 11.6 | 11.6 | 11.6 | 11.6 | 11.6 | 11.6 | 11.6 | 11.6 | 11.6 | 11.6 | 11.5 | 11.5 | 11.5 | 11.5 | 11.5 | 11.5 | 11.5 | 11.5 |
| Sunrise (AM) | 5:31 | 5:31 | 5:31 | 5:31 | 5:31 | 5:31 | 5:31 | 5:32 | 5:32 | 5:32 | 5:32 | 5:32 | 5:32 | 5:32 | 5:33 | 5:33 | 5:33 | 5:33 | 5:33 | 5:34 | 5:34 | 5:34 | 5:34 | 5:34 | 5:35 | 5:35 | 5:35 | 5:35 | 5:36 | 5:36 | 5:36 |
| Sunset (PM) | 5:12 | 5:12 | 5:11 | 5:11 | 5:11 | 5:10 | 5:10 | 5:10 | 5:10 | 5:09 | 5:09 | 5:09 | 5:09 | 5:09 | 5:08 | 5:08 | 5:08 | 5:08 | 5:08 | 5:08 | 5:08 | 5:07 | 5:07 | 5:07 | 5:07 | 5:07 | 5:07 | 5:07 | 5:07 | 5:07 | 5:07 |
| Daylight (h) | Sunrise (AM) | Sunset (PM) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 11.7 | 5:31 | 5:12 |
| 2 | 11.7 | 5:31 | 5:12 |
| 3 | 11.7 | 5:31 | 5:11 |
| 4 | 11.7 | 5:31 | 5:11 |
| 5 | 11.7 | 5:31 | 5:11 |
| 6 | 11.7 | 5:31 | 5:10 |
| 7 | 11.6 | 5:31 | 5:10 |
| 8 | 11.6 | 5:32 | 5:10 |
| 9 | 11.6 | 5:32 | 5:10 |
| 10 | 11.6 | 5:32 | 5:09 |
| 11 | 11.6 | 5:32 | 5:09 |
| 12 | 11.6 | 5:32 | 5:09 |
| 13 | 11.6 | 5:32 | 5:09 |
| 14 | 11.6 | 5:32 | 5:09 |
| 15 | 11.6 | 5:33 | 5:08 |
| 16 | 11.6 | 5:33 | 5:08 |
| 17 | 11.6 | 5:33 | 5:08 |
| 18 | 11.6 | 5:33 | 5:08 |
| 19 | 11.6 | 5:33 | 5:08 |
| 20 | 11.6 | 5:34 | 5:08 |
| 21 | 11.6 | 5:34 | 5:08 |
| 22 | 11.6 | 5:34 | 5:07 |
| 23 | 11.6 | 5:34 | 5:07 |
| 24 | 11.5 | 5:34 | 5:07 |
| 25 | 11.5 | 5:35 | 5:07 |
| 26 | 11.5 | 5:35 | 5:07 |
| 27 | 11.5 | 5:35 | 5:07 |
| 28 | 11.5 | 5:35 | 5:07 |
| 29 | 11.5 | 5:36 | 5:07 |
| 30 | 11.5 | 5:36 | 5:07 |
| 31 | 11.5 | 5:36 | 5:07 |
Solar energy in May
Average shortwave solar energy reaching the ground each day in May, about 4.14 kWh/m².
For context, solar energy here swings from a low near 3.73 kWh/m² to a high of 6.03 kWh/m² in November across the year — May's 4.14 kWh/m² sits near the bottom.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | 4.5 | 4.4 | 4.4 | 4.4 | 4.4 | 4.3 | 4.3 | 4.3 | 4.3 | 4.3 | 4.2 | 4.2 | 4.2 | 4.2 | 4.2 | 4.2 | 4.1 | 4.1 | 4.1 | 4.1 | 4.1 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 3.9 | 3.9 |
| Level | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate |
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 4.5 | Bright |
| 2 | 4.4 | Bright |
| 3 | 4.4 | Bright |
| 4 | 4.4 | Bright |
| 5 | 4.4 | Bright |
| 6 | 4.3 | Bright |
| 7 | 4.3 | Bright |
| 8 | 4.3 | Bright |
| 9 | 4.3 | Bright |
| 10 | 4.3 | Bright |
| 11 | 4.2 | Bright |
| 12 | 4.2 | Bright |
| 13 | 4.2 | Bright |
| 14 | 4.2 | Bright |
| 15 | 4.2 | Bright |
| 16 | 4.2 | Bright |
| 17 | 4.1 | Bright |
| 18 | 4.1 | Bright |
| 19 | 4.1 | Bright |
| 20 | 4.1 | Bright |
| 21 | 4.1 | Bright |
| 22 | 4.0 | Bright |
| 23 | 4.0 | Bright |
| 24 | 4.0 | Bright |
| 25 | 4.0 | Bright |
| 26 | 4.0 | Moderate |
| 27 | 4.0 | Moderate |
| 28 | 4.0 | Moderate |
| 29 | 4.0 | Moderate |
| 30 | 3.9 | Moderate |
| 31 | 3.9 | Moderate |
Is May a good time to visit São José da Laje?
Our two travel scores rate May for general sightseeing and for beach or pool weather — 0 (poor) to 10 (ideal).
May is a reasonable time to visit São José da Laje for sightseeing.
What to pack for São José da Laje in May
From May's temperature range, rain chance, sun and wind — what's worth putting in the bag.
In May, São José da Laje sees daytime highs around 27°C and nights near 21°C. Pack rain gear. Worth having: light clothes. About 23 days see rain.
UV index in São José da Laje in May
Clear-sky midday UV in May peaks around 11 (very high — sun protection essential). The full-year curve, shaded by WHO exposure level, is below.
Under clear skies, the midday UV index in São José da Laje peaks around March 12 at about 15 (extreme) — sunscreen, a hat and midday shade are essential. It bottoms out near July 17 at about 10 (very high).
The index reaches 3 or more — the level where the WHO recommends sun protection — every month of the year.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UV index (midday) | 14 | 15 | 15 | 13 | 11 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 |
| Level | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Very high | Very high | Very high | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme |
| UV index (midday) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 14 | Extreme |
| Feb | 15 | Extreme |
| Mar | 15 | Extreme |
| Apr | 13 | Extreme |
| May | 11 | Extreme |
| Jun | 10 | Very high |
| Jul | 10 | Very high |
| Aug | 10 | Very high |
| Sep | 12 | Extreme |
| Oct | 12 | Extreme |
| Nov | 12 | Extreme |
| Dec | 12 | Extreme |
Where is São José da Laje?
São José da Laje sits at 9.0°S, 36.1°W, 265 m above sea level, in Brazil. The nearest listed city is União dos Palmares, 17 km away.
Topography around São José da Laje
How much the land rises and falls, and what covers it, within 3, 16 and 80 km of São José da Laje.
Within 3 km, the terrain around São José da Laje has only modest variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 192 m around an average of 310 m above sea level; within 16 km, large variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 633 m; within 80 km, large variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 1,084 m.
The land around São José da Laje is covered by grassland (77%) within 3 km, grassland (72%) and trees (25%) within 16 km, and grassland (68%) within 80 km.
Brazil travel facts
- Travel advisory
- Level 2
- Exercise Increased Caution
- Power plugs
- Type C / N
- 127 / 220 V · 60 Hz
- Prices
- ≈ 46% of US
- price level, 2025
- GDP per capita
- $10,713
- 2025
- Happiness
- 6.6 / 10
- World Happiness, 2025
- Safe drinking water
- 89%
- of population, 2024
- Homicide rate
- 19.3
- per 100k, 2023
- Road deaths
- 16
- per 100k/yr, 2019
- Income group
- Upper middle
- World Bank
- English
- Low
- EF EPI 482
- Religion
Sources: World Bank, US State Department, World Happiness Report, WHO/UNICEF, EF EPI, CIA World Factbook.
Data sources
Temperature, precipitation, cloud, humidity, wind and solar figures are a 1991–2020 climatology for São José da Laje (-9.0097°, -36.0583°, elevation 265 m), computed from hourly ERA5 reanalysis — contains modified Copernicus Climate Change Service information. Sun figures are astronomical calculations, not observations. City data © GeoNames, CC BY 4.0. Map outlines from Natural Earth (public domain); interactive map © Google. UV index is derived from CAMS (Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service) clear-sky UV data — contains modified Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service information. Topography is sampled from the Copernicus DEM GLO-90 elevation model (© ESA/Airbus) and ESA WorldCover 2021 land cover (CC BY 4.0).