Ubaíra weather in September
In September, Ubaíra sees average daytime highs of 25°C and overnight lows near 17°C, with 40 mm of rain across 12.4 wet days and about 11.9 hours of daylight. It is the 9th-warmest and 12th-wettest month of the year here.
Day-to-day highs hold fairly steady near 25°C through the month. The sky is clear or mostly clear about 16% of the time in September, and the air most often feels humid.
Daylight stretches from about 11 h 42 min at the start of September to 12 h 06 min by month's end. Set against the rest of the year, September is Ubaíra's 1st-clearest and 1st-windiest month. For the whole year in context, see Ubaíra's year-round climate.
- Daytime high
- 25°
- 9th warmest
- Overnight low
- 17°
- 3rd coldest
- Rainfall
- 40 mm
- 12.4 wet days
- Daylight
- 11 h 54 min
- 5:35 AM – 5:31 PM
- Cloud cover
- 60%
- 1st clearest
- Wind
- 11 km/h
- 1st windiest
- Solar energy
- 4.79 kWh/m²
- Travel score
- 6.3
- out of 10
Ubaíra is human settlement in Brazil.
Air quality: WHO Ambient Air Quality Database. Density & description: Wikidata (CC0), GeoNames.
Temperature in September
Day-to-day highs hold fairly steady near 25°C through the month.
A typical September day in Ubaíra reaches about 25°C in the afternoon and slips back to 17°C overnight — a 8°C spread between the day's warmth and the night's chill. On most days the high lands between 23°C and 28°C. Set against its neighbours, September runs about 2°C warmer than August and about 1°C cooler than October.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Avg high (°C) | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 26 | 26 | 26 | 26 | 26 | 26 | 26 | 26 | 26 | 26 | 26 | 26 |
| Avg low (°C) | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 |
| Avg high (°C) | Avg low (°C) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 25 | 17 |
| 2 | 25 | 17 |
| 3 | 25 | 17 |
| 4 | 25 | 17 |
| 5 | 25 | 17 |
| 6 | 25 | 17 |
| 7 | 25 | 17 |
| 8 | 25 | 17 |
| 9 | 25 | 17 |
| 10 | 25 | 17 |
| 11 | 25 | 17 |
| 12 | 25 | 17 |
| 13 | 25 | 17 |
| 14 | 25 | 17 |
| 15 | 25 | 17 |
| 16 | 25 | 17 |
| 17 | 25 | 17 |
| 18 | 25 | 17 |
| 19 | 26 | 17 |
| 20 | 26 | 18 |
| 21 | 26 | 18 |
| 22 | 26 | 18 |
| 23 | 26 | 18 |
| 24 | 26 | 18 |
| 25 | 26 | 18 |
| 26 | 26 | 18 |
| 27 | 26 | 18 |
| 28 | 26 | 18 |
| 29 | 26 | 18 |
| 30 | 26 | 18 |
Ubaíra weather by month
How September compares with the rest of the year at a glance. September is the 9th-warmest and 12th-wettest month here — the current month is highlighted below.
| Month | High / Low (°C) | Rainfall (mm) | Wet days | Daylight (hours) | Travel score |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 28° / 20° | 77 | 15.8 | 12.7 | 5.0 |
| Feb | 29° / 20° | 60 | 15 | 12.4 | 4.8 |
| Mar | 29° / 20° | 70 | 16.8 | 12.1 | 4.8 |
| Apr | 27° / 20° | 65 | 18.2 | 11.7 | 5.1 |
| May | 26° / 19° | 45 | 14.6 | 11.4 | 5.9 |
| Jun | 24° / 18° | 45 | 15.3 | 11.2 | 6.1 |
| Jul | 24° / 17° | 50 | 15.6 | 11.3 | 6.0 |
| Aug | 24° / 16° | 46 | 15 | 11.6 | 6.1 |
| Sep | 25° / 17° | 40 | 12.4 | 11.9 | 6.3 |
| Oct | 27° / 19° | 48 | 12.9 | 12.3 | 6.1 |
| Nov | 27° / 19° | 81 | 14.5 | 12.6 | 5.6 |
| Dec | 28° / 20° | 78 | 13.6 | 12.8 | 5.4 |
Cloud cover in September
The sky is clear or mostly clear about 16% of the time in September, the clearest month of the year.
Beyond those clear spells, partly cloudy skies cover about 35% of September, with mostly cloudy or overcast conditions the remaining 50%.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clearer (%) | 50 | 50 | 49 | 48 | 48 | 48 | 48 | 48 | 48 | 48 | 48 | 49 | 50 | 50 | 51 | 51 | 52 | 52 | 53 | 52 | 53 | 52 | 52 | 52 | 52 | 52 | 52 | 52 | 51 | 51 |
| Cloudier (%) | 50 | 50 | 51 | 52 | 52 | 52 | 52 | 52 | 52 | 52 | 52 | 51 | 50 | 50 | 49 | 49 | 48 | 48 | 47 | 48 | 47 | 48 | 48 | 48 | 48 | 48 | 48 | 48 | 49 | 49 |
| Clearer (%) | Cloudier (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 50 | 50 |
| 2 | 50 | 50 |
| 3 | 49 | 51 |
| 4 | 48 | 52 |
| 5 | 48 | 52 |
| 6 | 48 | 52 |
| 7 | 48 | 52 |
| 8 | 48 | 52 |
| 9 | 48 | 52 |
| 10 | 48 | 52 |
| 11 | 48 | 52 |
| 12 | 49 | 51 |
| 13 | 50 | 50 |
| 14 | 50 | 50 |
| 15 | 51 | 49 |
| 16 | 51 | 49 |
| 17 | 52 | 48 |
| 18 | 52 | 48 |
| 19 | 53 | 47 |
| 20 | 52 | 48 |
| 21 | 53 | 47 |
| 22 | 52 | 48 |
| 23 | 52 | 48 |
| 24 | 52 | 48 |
| 25 | 52 | 48 |
| 26 | 52 | 48 |
| 27 | 52 | 48 |
| 28 | 52 | 48 |
| 29 | 51 | 49 |
| 30 | 51 | 49 |
Chance of precipitation in September
Ubaíra gets around 40 mm of rain over 12.4 wet days in September, the driest month. The line is the day-by-day chance of measurable precipitation.
Day to day, the chance of measurable rain averages around 42% and peaks near 43% on the wettest days.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rain chance (%) | 43 | 43 | 43 | 43 | 43 | 43 | 43 | 43 | 43 | 42 | 42 | 42 | 42 | 43 | 43 | 43 | 42 | 42 | 42 | 41 | 41 | 41 | 41 | 41 | 40 | 40 | 40 | 41 | 41 | 41 |
| Rain chance (%) | |
|---|---|
| 1 | 43 |
| 2 | 43 |
| 3 | 43 |
| 4 | 43 |
| 5 | 43 |
| 6 | 43 |
| 7 | 43 |
| 8 | 43 |
| 9 | 43 |
| 10 | 42 |
| 11 | 42 |
| 12 | 42 |
| 13 | 42 |
| 14 | 43 |
| 15 | 43 |
| 16 | 43 |
| 17 | 42 |
| 18 | 42 |
| 19 | 42 |
| 20 | 41 |
| 21 | 41 |
| 22 | 41 |
| 23 | 41 |
| 24 | 41 |
| 25 | 40 |
| 26 | 40 |
| 27 | 40 |
| 28 | 41 |
| 29 | 41 |
| 30 | 41 |
Humidity in September
Most of September feels humid — the stacked bands show each day's mix of comfort levels, read off the dew point.
By dew point, September lands in the humid band about 60% of days. Sticky, muggy-or-worse air turns up on roughly 34% of them.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Comfortable (%) | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 |
| Humid (%) | 70 | 70 | 69 | 69 | 69 | 69 | 69 | 68 | 68 | 67 | 67 | 67 | 66 | 65 | 64 | 63 | 61 | 60 | 58 | 56 | 55 | 53 | 51 | 50 | 48 | 47 | 45 | 44 | 43 | 42 |
| Muggy (%) | 22 | 22 | 23 | 23 | 23 | 23 | 23 | 24 | 24 | 25 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 30 | 31 | 33 | 35 | 37 | 39 | 41 | 43 | 45 | 47 | 48 | 50 | 52 | 53 | 54 | 55 |
| Comfortable (%) | Humid (%) | Muggy (%) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 8 | 70 | 22 |
| 2 | 8 | 70 | 22 |
| 3 | 8 | 69 | 23 |
| 4 | 8 | 69 | 23 |
| 5 | 8 | 69 | 23 |
| 6 | 8 | 69 | 23 |
| 7 | 8 | 69 | 23 |
| 8 | 8 | 68 | 24 |
| 9 | 8 | 68 | 24 |
| 10 | 8 | 67 | 25 |
| 11 | 8 | 67 | 25 |
| 12 | 7 | 67 | 26 |
| 13 | 7 | 66 | 27 |
| 14 | 7 | 65 | 28 |
| 15 | 6 | 64 | 30 |
| 16 | 6 | 63 | 31 |
| 17 | 6 | 61 | 33 |
| 18 | 5 | 60 | 35 |
| 19 | 5 | 58 | 37 |
| 20 | 5 | 56 | 39 |
| 21 | 4 | 55 | 41 |
| 22 | 4 | 53 | 43 |
| 23 | 4 | 51 | 45 |
| 24 | 4 | 50 | 47 |
| 25 | 4 | 48 | 48 |
| 26 | 3 | 47 | 50 |
| 27 | 3 | 45 | 52 |
| 28 | 3 | 44 | 53 |
| 29 | 3 | 43 | 54 |
| 30 | 3 | 42 | 55 |
Wind in September
Winds average 11 km/h in September, the windiest month of the year.
Across September, daily wind ranges from about 11 km/h on the calmest days to 11 km/h at its breeziest. It stays fairly steady from day to day.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wind speed (km/h) | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 |
| Feels | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm |
| Wind speed (km/h) | Feels | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 11 | calm |
| 2 | 11 | calm |
| 3 | 11 | calm |
| 4 | 11 | calm |
| 5 | 11 | calm |
| 6 | 11 | calm |
| 7 | 11 | calm |
| 8 | 11 | calm |
| 9 | 11 | calm |
| 10 | 11 | calm |
| 11 | 11 | calm |
| 12 | 11 | calm |
| 13 | 11 | calm |
| 14 | 11 | calm |
| 15 | 11 | calm |
| 16 | 11 | calm |
| 17 | 11 | calm |
| 18 | 11 | calm |
| 19 | 11 | calm |
| 20 | 11 | calm |
| 21 | 11 | calm |
| 22 | 11 | calm |
| 23 | 11 | calm |
| 24 | 11 | calm |
| 25 | 11 | calm |
| 26 | 11 | calm |
| 27 | 11 | calm |
| 28 | 11 | calm |
| 29 | 11 | calm |
| 30 | 11 | calm |
Sunrise & sunset in September
Daylight runs from about 11 h 42 min at the start of September to 12 h 06 min by month's end. The lit band spans sunrise to sunset each day.
Days grow by about 24 minutes over September. Sunrise moves from 5:46 AM to 5:25 AM, and sunset from 5:31 PM to 5:31 PM.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Daylight (h) | 11.7 | 11.8 | 11.8 | 11.8 | 11.8 | 11.8 | 11.8 | 11.8 | 11.8 | 11.9 | 11.9 | 11.9 | 11.9 | 11.9 | 11.9 | 11.9 | 11.9 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.1 | 12.1 | 12.1 | 12.1 | 12.1 |
| Sunrise (AM) | 5:46 | 5:45 | 5:45 | 5:44 | 5:43 | 5:43 | 5:42 | 5:41 | 5:40 | 5:40 | 5:39 | 5:38 | 5:37 | 5:37 | 5:36 | 5:35 | 5:34 | 5:34 | 5:33 | 5:32 | 5:31 | 5:31 | 5:30 | 5:29 | 5:28 | 5:28 | 5:27 | 5:26 | 5:26 | 5:25 |
| Sunset (PM) | 5:31 | 5:31 | 5:31 | 5:31 | 5:31 | 5:31 | 5:31 | 5:31 | 5:31 | 5:31 | 5:31 | 5:31 | 5:31 | 5:31 | 5:31 | 5:31 | 5:31 | 5:31 | 5:31 | 5:31 | 5:31 | 5:31 | 5:31 | 5:31 | 5:31 | 5:31 | 5:31 | 5:31 | 5:31 | 5:31 |
| Daylight (h) | Sunrise (AM) | Sunset (PM) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 11.7 | 5:46 | 5:31 |
| 2 | 11.8 | 5:45 | 5:31 |
| 3 | 11.8 | 5:45 | 5:31 |
| 4 | 11.8 | 5:44 | 5:31 |
| 5 | 11.8 | 5:43 | 5:31 |
| 6 | 11.8 | 5:43 | 5:31 |
| 7 | 11.8 | 5:42 | 5:31 |
| 8 | 11.8 | 5:41 | 5:31 |
| 9 | 11.8 | 5:40 | 5:31 |
| 10 | 11.9 | 5:40 | 5:31 |
| 11 | 11.9 | 5:39 | 5:31 |
| 12 | 11.9 | 5:38 | 5:31 |
| 13 | 11.9 | 5:37 | 5:31 |
| 14 | 11.9 | 5:37 | 5:31 |
| 15 | 11.9 | 5:36 | 5:31 |
| 16 | 11.9 | 5:35 | 5:31 |
| 17 | 11.9 | 5:34 | 5:31 |
| 18 | 12.0 | 5:34 | 5:31 |
| 19 | 12.0 | 5:33 | 5:31 |
| 20 | 12.0 | 5:32 | 5:31 |
| 21 | 12.0 | 5:31 | 5:31 |
| 22 | 12.0 | 5:31 | 5:31 |
| 23 | 12.0 | 5:30 | 5:31 |
| 24 | 12.0 | 5:29 | 5:31 |
| 25 | 12.0 | 5:28 | 5:31 |
| 26 | 12.1 | 5:28 | 5:31 |
| 27 | 12.1 | 5:27 | 5:31 |
| 28 | 12.1 | 5:26 | 5:31 |
| 29 | 12.1 | 5:26 | 5:31 |
| 30 | 12.1 | 5:25 | 5:31 |
Solar energy in September
Average shortwave solar energy reaching the ground each day in September, about 4.79 kWh/m².
For context, solar energy here swings from a low near 3.38 kWh/m² to a high of 5.77 kWh/m² in January across the year — September's 4.79 kWh/m² falls in the middle.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | 4.4 | 4.5 | 4.5 | 4.5 | 4.5 | 4.5 | 4.6 | 4.6 | 4.6 | 4.7 | 4.7 | 4.7 | 4.7 | 4.8 | 4.8 | 4.8 | 4.8 | 4.9 | 4.9 | 4.9 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.1 | 5.1 | 5.1 | 5.1 | 5.2 |
| Level | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright |
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 4.4 | Bright |
| 2 | 4.5 | Bright |
| 3 | 4.5 | Bright |
| 4 | 4.5 | Bright |
| 5 | 4.5 | Bright |
| 6 | 4.5 | Bright |
| 7 | 4.6 | Bright |
| 8 | 4.6 | Bright |
| 9 | 4.6 | Bright |
| 10 | 4.7 | Bright |
| 11 | 4.7 | Bright |
| 12 | 4.7 | Bright |
| 13 | 4.7 | Bright |
| 14 | 4.8 | Bright |
| 15 | 4.8 | Bright |
| 16 | 4.8 | Bright |
| 17 | 4.8 | Bright |
| 18 | 4.9 | Bright |
| 19 | 4.9 | Bright |
| 20 | 4.9 | Bright |
| 21 | 5.0 | Bright |
| 22 | 5.0 | Bright |
| 23 | 5.0 | Bright |
| 24 | 5.0 | Bright |
| 25 | 5.0 | Bright |
| 26 | 5.1 | Bright |
| 27 | 5.1 | Bright |
| 28 | 5.1 | Bright |
| 29 | 5.1 | Bright |
| 30 | 5.2 | Bright |
Is September a good time to visit Ubaíra?
Our two travel scores rate September for general sightseeing and for beach or pool weather — 0 (poor) to 10 (ideal).
September is a reasonable time to visit Ubaíra for sightseeing.
What to pack for Ubaíra in September
From September's temperature range, rain chance, sun and wind — what's worth putting in the bag.
In September, Ubaíra sees daytime highs around 25°C and nights near 17°C. Worth packing: light clothes, rain gear and sun protection. About 12 days see rain.
UV index in Ubaíra in September
Clear-sky midday UV in September peaks around 11 (very high — sun protection essential). The full-year curve, shaded by WHO exposure level, is below.
Under clear skies, the midday UV index in Ubaíra peaks around February 18 at about 15 (extreme) — sunscreen, a hat and midday shade are essential. It bottoms out near June 23 at about 9 (very high).
The index reaches 3 or more — the level where the WHO recommends sun protection — every month of the year.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UV index (midday) | 14 | 15 | 14 | 12 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 13 | 14 | 12 |
| Level | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Very high | Very high | Very high | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme |
| UV index (midday) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 14 | Extreme |
| Feb | 15 | Extreme |
| Mar | 14 | Extreme |
| Apr | 12 | Extreme |
| May | 9 | Very high |
| Jun | 9 | Very high |
| Jul | 9 | Very high |
| Aug | 10 | Extreme |
| Sep | 11 | Extreme |
| Oct | 13 | Extreme |
| Nov | 14 | Extreme |
| Dec | 12 | Extreme |
Where is Ubaíra?
Ubaíra sits at 13.3°S, 39.7°W, 339 m above sea level, in Brazil. The nearest listed city is Mutuípe, 18 km away.
Topography around Ubaíra
How much the land rises and falls, and what covers it, within 3, 16 and 80 km of Ubaíra.
Within 3 km, the terrain around Ubaíra has significant variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 386 m around an average of 431 m above sea level; within 16 km, large variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 713 m; within 80 km, large variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 1,068 m.
The land around Ubaíra is covered by grassland (57%) and trees (40%) within 3 km, trees (59%) and grassland (40%) within 16 km, and trees (50%) and grassland (45%) within 80 km.
Brazil travel facts
- Travel advisory
- Level 2
- Exercise Increased Caution
- Power plugs
- Type C / N
- 127 / 220 V · 60 Hz
- Prices
- ≈ 46% of US
- price level, 2025
- GDP per capita
- $10,713
- 2025
- Happiness
- 6.6 / 10
- World Happiness, 2025
- Safe drinking water
- 89%
- of population, 2024
- Homicide rate
- 19.3
- per 100k, 2023
- Road deaths
- 16
- per 100k/yr, 2019
- Income group
- Upper middle
- World Bank
- English
- Low
- EF EPI 482
- Religion
Sources: World Bank, US State Department, World Happiness Report, WHO/UNICEF, EF EPI, CIA World Factbook.
Data sources
Temperature, precipitation, cloud, humidity, wind and solar figures are a 1991–2020 climatology for Ubaíra (-13.2681°, -39.6628°, elevation 339 m), computed from hourly ERA5 reanalysis — contains modified Copernicus Climate Change Service information. Sun figures are astronomical calculations, not observations. City data © GeoNames, CC BY 4.0. Map outlines from Natural Earth (public domain); interactive map © Google. UV index is derived from CAMS (Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service) clear-sky UV data — contains modified Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service information. Topography is sampled from the Copernicus DEM GLO-90 elevation model (© ESA/Airbus) and ESA WorldCover 2021 land cover (CC BY 4.0).