Vilhena weather in February
In February, Vilhena sees average daytime highs of 28°C and overnight lows near 21°C, with 274 mm of rain across 27 wet days and about 12.4 hours of daylight. It is the 12th-warmest and 1st-wettest month of the year here.
Day-to-day highs hold fairly steady near 28°C through the month. The sky is clear or mostly clear about 1% of the time in February, and the air most often feels oppressive.
Daylight stretches from about 12 h 36 min at the start of February to 12 h 18 min by month's end. Set against the rest of the year, February is Vilhena's 12th-clearest and 9th-windiest month. For the whole year in context, see Vilhena's year-round climate.
- Daytime high
- 28°
- 12th warmest
- Overnight low
- 21°
- 9th coldest
- Rainfall
- 274 mm
- 27 wet days
- Daylight
- 12 h 24 min
- 6:03 AM – 6:28 PM
- Cloud cover
- 88%
- 12th clearest
- Wind
- 6 km/h
- 9th windiest
- Solar energy
- 4.62 kWh/m²
- Travel score
- 3.3
- out of 10
Temperature in February
Day-to-day highs hold fairly steady near 28°C through the month.
A typical February day in Vilhena reaches about 28°C in the afternoon and slips back to 21°C overnight — a 7°C spread between the day's warmth and the night's chill. On most days the high lands between 26°C and 30°C. Set against its neighbours, February runs on par with January and on par with March.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Avg high (°C) | 28 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 28 |
| Avg low (°C) | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 |
| Avg high (°C) | Avg low (°C) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 28 | 21 |
| 2 | 28 | 21 |
| 3 | 28 | 21 |
| 4 | 28 | 21 |
| 5 | 28 | 21 |
| 6 | 28 | 21 |
| 7 | 28 | 21 |
| 8 | 28 | 21 |
| 9 | 28 | 21 |
| 10 | 28 | 21 |
| 11 | 28 | 21 |
| 12 | 28 | 21 |
| 13 | 28 | 21 |
| 14 | 28 | 21 |
| 15 | 28 | 21 |
| 16 | 28 | 21 |
| 17 | 28 | 21 |
| 18 | 28 | 21 |
| 19 | 28 | 21 |
| 20 | 28 | 21 |
| 21 | 28 | 21 |
| 22 | 28 | 21 |
| 23 | 28 | 21 |
| 24 | 28 | 21 |
| 25 | 28 | 21 |
| 26 | 28 | 21 |
| 27 | 28 | 21 |
| 28 | 28 | 21 |
How February really feels in Vilhena
Once humidity and wind are folded in, February averages 0 days that feel above 32°C and 0 that feel at or below 0°C — the comfort signal a plain temperature reading hides.
February sits comfortably in between — no days that feel dangerously hot or drop to a hard freeze once humidity and wind are folded in.
Vilhena weather by month
How February compares with the rest of the year at a glance. February is the 12th-warmest and 1st-wettest month here — the current month is highlighted below.
| Month | High / Low (°C) | Rainfall (mm) | Wet days | Daylight (hours) | Travel score |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 28° / 21° | 267 | 29.4 | 12.7 | 3.2 |
| Feb | 28° / 21° | 274 | 27 | 12.4 | 3.3 |
| Mar | 28° / 21° | 241 | 28.6 | 12.1 | 3.2 |
| Apr | 29° / 21° | 128 | 21.5 | 11.7 | 4.0 |
| May | 28° / 20° | 57 | 12.1 | 11.4 | 5.5 |
| Jun | 29° / 19° | 14 | 3 | 11.3 | 6.6 |
| Jul | 30° / 18° | 10 | 2.1 | 11.3 | 6.4 |
| Aug | 31° / 20° | 24 | 4.8 | 11.6 | 5.1 |
| Sep | 31° / 21° | 84 | 13.5 | 11.9 | 4.0 |
| Oct | 30° / 21° | 165 | 22.4 | 12.3 | 3.5 |
| Nov | 29° / 21° | 207 | 25.6 | 12.6 | 3.3 |
| Dec | 28° / 21° | 259 | 28.1 | 12.7 | 3.3 |
Cloud cover in February
The sky is clear or mostly clear about 1% of the time in February, the cloudiest month of the year.
Beyond those clear spells, partly cloudy skies cover about 5% of February, with mostly cloudy or overcast conditions the remaining 94%.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clearer (%) | 7 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 6 | 6 | 7 | 7 | 8 | 8 | 9 |
| Cloudier (%) | 93 | 94 | 94 | 94 | 94 | 94 | 94 | 94 | 95 | 95 | 95 | 95 | 95 | 95 | 95 | 96 | 96 | 96 | 96 | 95 | 95 | 94 | 94 | 93 | 93 | 92 | 92 | 91 |
| Clearer (%) | Cloudier (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 7 | 93 |
| 2 | 6 | 94 |
| 3 | 6 | 94 |
| 4 | 6 | 94 |
| 5 | 6 | 94 |
| 6 | 6 | 94 |
| 7 | 6 | 94 |
| 8 | 6 | 94 |
| 9 | 5 | 95 |
| 10 | 5 | 95 |
| 11 | 5 | 95 |
| 12 | 5 | 95 |
| 13 | 5 | 95 |
| 14 | 5 | 95 |
| 15 | 5 | 95 |
| 16 | 4 | 96 |
| 17 | 4 | 96 |
| 18 | 4 | 96 |
| 19 | 4 | 96 |
| 20 | 5 | 95 |
| 21 | 5 | 95 |
| 22 | 6 | 94 |
| 23 | 6 | 94 |
| 24 | 7 | 93 |
| 25 | 7 | 93 |
| 26 | 8 | 92 |
| 27 | 8 | 92 |
| 28 | 9 | 91 |
Chance of precipitation in February
Vilhena gets around 274 mm of rain over 27 wet days in February, the wettest month. The line is the day-by-day chance of measurable precipitation.
Day to day, the chance of measurable rain averages around 96% and peaks near 97% on the wettest days.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rain chance (%) | 97 | 97 | 97 | 97 | 97 | 97 | 97 | 97 | 97 | 97 | 97 | 97 | 97 | 97 | 96 | 96 | 96 | 96 | 96 | 96 | 95 | 95 | 95 | 95 | 94 | 94 | 94 | 94 |
| Rain chance (%) | |
|---|---|
| 1 | 97 |
| 2 | 97 |
| 3 | 97 |
| 4 | 97 |
| 5 | 97 |
| 6 | 97 |
| 7 | 97 |
| 8 | 97 |
| 9 | 97 |
| 10 | 97 |
| 11 | 97 |
| 12 | 97 |
| 13 | 97 |
| 14 | 97 |
| 15 | 96 |
| 16 | 96 |
| 17 | 96 |
| 18 | 96 |
| 19 | 96 |
| 20 | 96 |
| 21 | 95 |
| 22 | 95 |
| 23 | 95 |
| 24 | 95 |
| 25 | 94 |
| 26 | 94 |
| 27 | 94 |
| 28 | 94 |
Humidity in February
Most of February feels oppressive — the stacked bands show each day's mix of comfort levels, read off the dew point.
By dew point, February lands in the oppressive band about 87% of days. Sticky, muggy-or-worse air turns up on roughly 100% of them.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Muggy (%) | 8 | 9 | 9 | 10 | 10 | 11 | 11 | 12 | 12 | 13 | 13 | 14 | 14 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 16 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 14 | 14 | 13 | 13 | 12 | 11 | 11 |
| Oppressive (%) | 92 | 91 | 91 | 90 | 90 | 89 | 89 | 88 | 88 | 87 | 87 | 86 | 86 | 85 | 85 | 85 | 84 | 85 | 85 | 85 | 85 | 86 | 86 | 87 | 87 | 88 | 89 | 89 |
| Muggy (%) | Oppressive (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 8 | 92 |
| 2 | 9 | 91 |
| 3 | 9 | 91 |
| 4 | 10 | 90 |
| 5 | 10 | 90 |
| 6 | 11 | 89 |
| 7 | 11 | 89 |
| 8 | 12 | 88 |
| 9 | 12 | 88 |
| 10 | 13 | 87 |
| 11 | 13 | 87 |
| 12 | 14 | 86 |
| 13 | 14 | 86 |
| 14 | 15 | 85 |
| 15 | 15 | 85 |
| 16 | 15 | 85 |
| 17 | 16 | 84 |
| 18 | 15 | 85 |
| 19 | 15 | 85 |
| 20 | 15 | 85 |
| 21 | 15 | 85 |
| 22 | 14 | 86 |
| 23 | 14 | 86 |
| 24 | 13 | 87 |
| 25 | 13 | 87 |
| 26 | 12 | 88 |
| 27 | 11 | 89 |
| 28 | 11 | 89 |
Wind in February
Winds average 6 km/h in February.
Across February, daily wind ranges from about 6 km/h on the calmest days to 7 km/h at its breeziest. It stays fairly steady from day to day.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wind speed (km/h) | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 |
| Feels | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm |
| Wind speed (km/h) | Feels | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 7 | calm |
| 2 | 7 | calm |
| 3 | 7 | calm |
| 4 | 7 | calm |
| 5 | 7 | calm |
| 6 | 7 | calm |
| 7 | 7 | calm |
| 8 | 6 | calm |
| 9 | 6 | calm |
| 10 | 6 | calm |
| 11 | 6 | calm |
| 12 | 6 | calm |
| 13 | 6 | calm |
| 14 | 6 | calm |
| 15 | 6 | calm |
| 16 | 6 | calm |
| 17 | 6 | calm |
| 18 | 6 | calm |
| 19 | 6 | calm |
| 20 | 6 | calm |
| 21 | 6 | calm |
| 22 | 6 | calm |
| 23 | 6 | calm |
| 24 | 6 | calm |
| 25 | 6 | calm |
| 26 | 6 | calm |
| 27 | 6 | calm |
| 28 | 6 | calm |
Sunrise & sunset in February
Daylight runs from about 12 h 36 min at the start of February to 12 h 18 min by month's end. The lit band spans sunrise to sunset each day.
Days shrink by about 18 minutes over February. Sunrise moves from 5:57 AM to 6:06 AM, and sunset from 6:31 PM to 6:22 PM.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Daylight (h) | 12.6 | 12.5 | 12.5 | 12.5 | 12.5 | 12.5 | 12.5 | 12.5 | 12.5 | 12.5 | 12.5 | 12.5 | 12.4 | 12.4 | 12.4 | 12.4 | 12.4 | 12.4 | 12.4 | 12.4 | 12.4 | 12.3 | 12.3 | 12.3 | 12.3 | 12.3 | 12.3 | 12.3 |
| Sunrise (AM) | 5:57 | 5:58 | 5:58 | 5:59 | 5:59 | 5:59 | 6:00 | 6:00 | 6:01 | 6:01 | 6:01 | 6:02 | 6:02 | 6:02 | 6:03 | 6:03 | 6:03 | 6:03 | 6:04 | 6:04 | 6:04 | 6:04 | 6:05 | 6:05 | 6:05 | 6:05 | 6:05 | 6:06 |
| Sunset (PM) | 6:31 | 6:31 | 6:31 | 6:30 | 6:30 | 6:30 | 6:30 | 6:30 | 6:29 | 6:29 | 6:29 | 6:29 | 6:28 | 6:28 | 6:28 | 6:27 | 6:27 | 6:27 | 6:26 | 6:26 | 6:26 | 6:25 | 6:25 | 6:24 | 6:24 | 6:23 | 6:23 | 6:22 |
| Daylight (h) | Sunrise (AM) | Sunset (PM) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 12.6 | 5:57 | 6:31 |
| 2 | 12.5 | 5:58 | 6:31 |
| 3 | 12.5 | 5:58 | 6:31 |
| 4 | 12.5 | 5:59 | 6:30 |
| 5 | 12.5 | 5:59 | 6:30 |
| 6 | 12.5 | 5:59 | 6:30 |
| 7 | 12.5 | 6:00 | 6:30 |
| 8 | 12.5 | 6:00 | 6:30 |
| 9 | 12.5 | 6:01 | 6:29 |
| 10 | 12.5 | 6:01 | 6:29 |
| 11 | 12.5 | 6:01 | 6:29 |
| 12 | 12.5 | 6:02 | 6:29 |
| 13 | 12.4 | 6:02 | 6:28 |
| 14 | 12.4 | 6:02 | 6:28 |
| 15 | 12.4 | 6:03 | 6:28 |
| 16 | 12.4 | 6:03 | 6:27 |
| 17 | 12.4 | 6:03 | 6:27 |
| 18 | 12.4 | 6:03 | 6:27 |
| 19 | 12.4 | 6:04 | 6:26 |
| 20 | 12.4 | 6:04 | 6:26 |
| 21 | 12.4 | 6:04 | 6:26 |
| 22 | 12.3 | 6:04 | 6:25 |
| 23 | 12.3 | 6:05 | 6:25 |
| 24 | 12.3 | 6:05 | 6:24 |
| 25 | 12.3 | 6:05 | 6:24 |
| 26 | 12.3 | 6:05 | 6:23 |
| 27 | 12.3 | 6:05 | 6:23 |
| 28 | 12.3 | 6:06 | 6:22 |
Solar energy in February
Average shortwave solar energy reaching the ground each day in February, about 4.62 kWh/m².
For context, solar energy here swings from a low near 4.53 kWh/m² to a high of 5.73 kWh/m² in October across the year — February's 4.62 kWh/m² sits near the bottom.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | 4.8 | 4.8 | 4.8 | 4.7 | 4.7 | 4.7 | 4.7 | 4.7 | 4.6 | 4.6 | 4.6 | 4.6 | 4.6 | 4.6 | 4.6 | 4.5 | 4.6 | 4.6 | 4.6 | 4.6 | 4.6 | 4.6 | 4.6 | 4.7 | 4.7 | 4.7 | 4.7 | 4.7 |
| Level | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright |
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 4.8 | Bright |
| 2 | 4.8 | Bright |
| 3 | 4.8 | Bright |
| 4 | 4.7 | Bright |
| 5 | 4.7 | Bright |
| 6 | 4.7 | Bright |
| 7 | 4.7 | Bright |
| 8 | 4.7 | Bright |
| 9 | 4.6 | Bright |
| 10 | 4.6 | Bright |
| 11 | 4.6 | Bright |
| 12 | 4.6 | Bright |
| 13 | 4.6 | Bright |
| 14 | 4.6 | Bright |
| 15 | 4.6 | Bright |
| 16 | 4.5 | Bright |
| 17 | 4.6 | Bright |
| 18 | 4.6 | Bright |
| 19 | 4.6 | Bright |
| 20 | 4.6 | Bright |
| 21 | 4.6 | Bright |
| 22 | 4.6 | Bright |
| 23 | 4.6 | Bright |
| 24 | 4.7 | Bright |
| 25 | 4.7 | Bright |
| 26 | 4.7 | Bright |
| 27 | 4.7 | Bright |
| 28 | 4.7 | Bright |
Hazard calendar for Vilhena
In February, Vilhena sits inside its monsoon season. The full year is below, with each hazard's peak months called out.
Vilhena's monsoon runs October–April, when most of the year's rain falls.
Is February a good time to visit Vilhena?
Our two travel scores rate February for general sightseeing and for beach or pool weather — 0 (poor) to 10 (ideal).
February is a weaker month for outdoor sightseeing in Vilhena.
What to pack for Vilhena in February
From February's temperature range, rain chance, sun and wind — what's worth putting in the bag.
In February, Vilhena sees daytime highs around 28°C and nights near 21°C. Pack light clothes and rain gear. Worth having: sun protection. About 27 days see rain.
UV index in Vilhena in February
Clear-sky midday UV in February peaks around 15 (very high — sun protection essential). The full-year curve, shaded by WHO exposure level, is below.
Under clear skies, the midday UV index in Vilhena peaks around January 22 at about 15 (extreme) — sunscreen, a hat and midday shade are essential. It bottoms out near September 15 at about 4 (moderate).
The index reaches 3 or more — the level where the WHO recommends sun protection — every month of the year.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UV index (midday) | 15 | 15 | 14 | 13 | 10 | 9 | 8 | 10 | 3 | 12 | 13 | 14 |
| Level | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Very high | Very high | Very high | Very high | Moderate | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme |
| UV index (midday) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 15 | Extreme |
| Feb | 15 | Extreme |
| Mar | 14 | Extreme |
| Apr | 13 | Extreme |
| May | 10 | Very high |
| Jun | 9 | Very high |
| Jul | 8 | Very high |
| Aug | 10 | Very high |
| Sep | 3 | Moderate |
| Oct | 12 | Extreme |
| Nov | 13 | Extreme |
| Dec | 14 | Extreme |
Air quality in Vilhena in February
Average fine-particle pollution (PM2.5) through the year — so you can see where February falls, not just the annual average.
Air quality in Vilhena is worst in September — around 62 µg/m³ PM2.5 (unhealthy), about 7.2× the cleanest month (May, 9 µg/m³).
Modeled monthly averages (CAMS reanalysis, 2015–2024).
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PM2.5 (µg/m³) | 10 | 10 | 10 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 11 | 39 | 62 | 22 | 16 | 11 |
| Level | Good | Good | Good | Good | Good | Good | Good | Poor | Unhealthy | Moderate | Moderate | Good |
| PM2.5 (µg/m³) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 10 | Good |
| Feb | 10 | Good |
| Mar | 10 | Good |
| Apr | 9 | Good |
| May | 9 | Good |
| Jun | 9 | Good |
| Jul | 11 | Good |
| Aug | 39 | Poor |
| Sep | 62 | Unhealthy |
| Oct | 22 | Moderate |
| Nov | 16 | Moderate |
| Dec | 11 | Good |
Where is Vilhena?
Vilhena sits at 12.7°S, 60.1°W, 591 m above sea level, in Brazil. The nearest listed city is Colorado do Oeste, 60 km away.
Topography around Vilhena
How much the land rises and falls, and what covers it, within 3, 16 and 80 km of Vilhena.
Within 3 km, the terrain around Vilhena has only modest variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 75 m around an average of 585 m above sea level; within 16 km, only modest variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 226 m; within 80 km, significant variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 438 m.
The land around Vilhena is covered by artificial surfaces (47%) and grassland (26%) within 3 km, trees (50%), cropland (24%) and grassland (20%) within 16 km, and trees (76%) within 80 km.
Brazil travel facts
- Travel advisory
- Level 2
- Exercise Increased Caution
- Power plugs
- Type C / N
- 127 / 220 V · 60 Hz
- Prices
- ≈ 46% of US
- price level, 2025
- GDP per capita
- $10,713
- 2025
- Happiness
- 6.6 / 10
- World Happiness, 2025
- Safe drinking water
- 89%
- of population, 2024
- Homicide rate
- 19.3
- per 100k, 2023
- Road deaths
- 16
- per 100k/yr, 2019
- Income group
- Upper middle
- World Bank
- English
- Low
- EF EPI 482
- Religion
Sources: World Bank, US State Department, World Happiness Report, WHO/UNICEF, EF EPI, CIA World Factbook.
Data sources
Temperature, precipitation, cloud, humidity, wind and solar figures are a 1991–2020 climatology for Vilhena (-12.7406°, -60.1458°, elevation 591 m), computed from hourly ERA5 reanalysis — contains modified Copernicus Climate Change Service information. Sun figures are astronomical calculations, not observations. City data © GeoNames, CC BY 4.0. Map outlines from Natural Earth (public domain); interactive map © Google. UV index is derived from CAMS (Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service) clear-sky UV data — contains modified Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service information. Monthly air-quality (PM2.5) seasonality is from the CAMS EAC4 reanalysis (Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service), scaled to the WHO annual mean where available. Topography is sampled from the Copernicus DEM GLO-90 elevation model (© ESA/Airbus) and ESA WorldCover 2021 land cover (CC BY 4.0).