Saint-Laurent weather in November
In November, Saint-Laurent sees average daytime highs of 6°C and overnight lows near -1°C, with 86 mm of precipitation across 11.3 wet days and about 9.3 hours of daylight. It is the 8th-warmest and 8th-wettest month of the year here.
Highs ease over the month, from about 9°C in the first days to 3°C by the end. The sky is clear or mostly clear about 15% of the time in November, and the air most often feels dry.
Daylight stretches from about 9 h 54 min at the start of November to 8 h 48 min by month's end. Set against the rest of the year, November is Saint-Laurent's 11th-clearest and 1st-windiest month. For the whole year in context, see Saint-Laurent's year-round climate.
- Daytime high
- 6°
- 8th warmest
- Overnight low
- -1°
- 5th coldest
- Precipitation
- 86 mm
- 11.3 wet days
- Daylight
- 9 h 18 min
- 7:02 AM – 4:17 PM
- Cloud cover
- 72%
- 11th clearest
- Wind
- 14 km/h
- 1st windiest
- Solar energy
- 1.54 kWh/m²
- Travel score
- 0.6
- out of 10
Temperature in November
Highs ease over the month, from about 9°C in the first days to 3°C by the end.
A typical November day in Saint-Laurent reaches about 6°C in the afternoon and slips back to -1°C overnight — a 6°C spread between the day's warmth and the night's chill. On most days the high lands between -0°C and 12°C. Set against its neighbours, November runs about 7°C cooler than October and about 7°C warmer than December.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Avg high (°C) | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 2 |
| Avg low (°C) | 3 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -1 | -1 | -1 | -1 | -1 | -2 | -2 | -2 | -2 | -2 | -3 | -3 | -3 | -3 | -4 |
| Avg high (°C) | Avg low (°C) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 9 | 3 |
| 2 | 9 | 2 |
| 3 | 9 | 2 |
| 4 | 9 | 2 |
| 5 | 8 | 2 |
| 6 | 8 | 2 |
| 7 | 8 | 1 |
| 8 | 8 | 1 |
| 9 | 7 | 1 |
| 10 | 7 | 1 |
| 11 | 7 | 0 |
| 12 | 7 | 0 |
| 13 | 6 | 0 |
| 14 | 6 | 0 |
| 15 | 6 | 0 |
| 16 | 6 | -1 |
| 17 | 5 | -1 |
| 18 | 5 | -1 |
| 19 | 5 | -1 |
| 20 | 5 | -1 |
| 21 | 4 | -2 |
| 22 | 4 | -2 |
| 23 | 4 | -2 |
| 24 | 4 | -2 |
| 25 | 4 | -2 |
| 26 | 3 | -3 |
| 27 | 3 | -3 |
| 28 | 3 | -3 |
| 29 | 3 | -3 |
| 30 | 2 | -4 |
How November really feels in Saint-Laurent
Once humidity and wind are folded in, November averages 0 days that feel above 32°C and 30 that feel at or below 0°C — the comfort signal a plain temperature reading hides.
The story in November is cold — wind chill drags the overnight "feels like" below the raw low.
Saint-Laurent weather by month
How November compares with the rest of the year at a glance. November is the 8th-warmest and 8th-wettest month here — the current month is highlighted below.
| Month | High / Low (°C) | Rainfall (mm) | Wet days | Snow days | Daylight (hours) | Travel score |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | -5° / -13° | 74 | 10.3 | 9.2 | 8.9 | 0.0 |
| Feb | -3° / -12° | 60 | 9 | 7.9 | 10.1 | 0.0 |
| Mar | 2° / -6° | 73 | 10.4 | 6.4 | 11.6 | 0.0 |
| Apr | 10° / 2° | 102 | 11.4 | 2.6 | 13.2 | 2.2 |
| May | 18° / 9° | 93 | 11.3 | 0 | 14.7 | 5.4 |
| Jun | 23° / 15° | 99 | 11.6 | 0 | 15.4 | 6.4 |
| Jul | 26° / 17° | 87 | 12.2 | 0 | 15.1 | 6.4 |
| Aug | 25° / 16° | 91 | 11.3 | 0 | 13.9 | 6.8 |
| Sep | 20° / 12° | 92 | 10.1 | 0 | 12.3 | 6.3 |
| Oct | 13° / 6° | 107 | 11.5 | 0.4 | 10.7 | 3.5 |
| Nov | 6° / -1° | 86 | 11.3 | 3.3 | 9.3 | 0.6 |
| Dec | -1° / -8° | 85 | 11.5 | 8.9 | 8.6 | 0.0 |
Cloud cover in November
The sky is clear or mostly clear about 15% of the time in November.
Beyond those clear spells, partly cloudy skies cover about 16% of November, with mostly cloudy or overcast conditions the remaining 69%. Skies tend to cloud over as the month goes on.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clearer (%) | 34 | 35 | 35 | 35 | 35 | 35 | 35 | 35 | 35 | 34 | 34 | 34 | 34 | 33 | 32 | 32 | 31 | 31 | 29 | 29 | 29 | 28 | 26 | 26 | 26 | 25 | 24 | 24 | 23 | 24 |
| Cloudier (%) | 66 | 65 | 65 | 65 | 65 | 65 | 65 | 65 | 65 | 66 | 66 | 66 | 66 | 67 | 68 | 68 | 69 | 69 | 71 | 71 | 71 | 72 | 74 | 74 | 74 | 75 | 76 | 76 | 77 | 76 |
| Clearer (%) | Cloudier (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 34 | 66 |
| 2 | 35 | 65 |
| 3 | 35 | 65 |
| 4 | 35 | 65 |
| 5 | 35 | 65 |
| 6 | 35 | 65 |
| 7 | 35 | 65 |
| 8 | 35 | 65 |
| 9 | 35 | 65 |
| 10 | 34 | 66 |
| 11 | 34 | 66 |
| 12 | 34 | 66 |
| 13 | 34 | 66 |
| 14 | 33 | 67 |
| 15 | 32 | 68 |
| 16 | 32 | 68 |
| 17 | 31 | 69 |
| 18 | 31 | 69 |
| 19 | 29 | 71 |
| 20 | 29 | 71 |
| 21 | 29 | 71 |
| 22 | 28 | 72 |
| 23 | 26 | 74 |
| 24 | 26 | 74 |
| 25 | 26 | 74 |
| 26 | 25 | 75 |
| 27 | 24 | 76 |
| 28 | 24 | 76 |
| 29 | 23 | 77 |
| 30 | 24 | 76 |
Chance of precipitation in November
Saint-Laurent gets around 86 mm of rain and snow over 11.3 wet days in November. The line is the day-by-day chance of measurable precipitation.
Day to day, the chance of measurable precipitation averages around 37% and peaks near 41% on the wettest days, and about 3 days bring snow.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rain chance (%) | 37 | 37 | 37 | 37 | 37 | 36 | 36 | 36 | 36 | 35 | 35 | 35 | 35 | 35 | 35 | 35 | 35 | 36 | 36 | 37 | 37 | 38 | 38 | 39 | 40 | 40 | 40 | 41 | 41 | 41 |
| Snow chance (%) | 4 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 6 | 6 | 7 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 20 | 21 | 22 |
| Rain chance (%) | Snow chance (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 37 | 4 |
| 2 | 37 | 4 |
| 3 | 37 | 4 |
| 4 | 37 | 5 |
| 5 | 37 | 5 |
| 6 | 36 | 5 |
| 7 | 36 | 5 |
| 8 | 36 | 6 |
| 9 | 36 | 6 |
| 10 | 35 | 7 |
| 11 | 35 | 7 |
| 12 | 35 | 8 |
| 13 | 35 | 9 |
| 14 | 35 | 9 |
| 15 | 35 | 10 |
| 16 | 35 | 11 |
| 17 | 35 | 12 |
| 18 | 36 | 12 |
| 19 | 36 | 13 |
| 20 | 37 | 14 |
| 21 | 37 | 15 |
| 22 | 38 | 16 |
| 23 | 38 | 17 |
| 24 | 39 | 17 |
| 25 | 40 | 18 |
| 26 | 40 | 19 |
| 27 | 40 | 20 |
| 28 | 41 | 20 |
| 29 | 41 | 21 |
| 30 | 41 | 22 |
Humidity in November
Most of November feels dry — the stacked bands show each day's mix of comfort levels, read off the dew point.
By dew point, November lands in the dry band about 100% of days. It rarely turns muggy — the humid and sticky bands barely register.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dry (%) | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
| Dry (%) | |
|---|---|
| 1 | 100 |
| 2 | 100 |
| 3 | 100 |
| 4 | 100 |
| 5 | 100 |
| 6 | 100 |
| 7 | 100 |
| 8 | 100 |
| 9 | 100 |
| 10 | 100 |
| 11 | 100 |
| 12 | 100 |
| 13 | 100 |
| 14 | 100 |
| 15 | 100 |
| 16 | 100 |
| 17 | 100 |
| 18 | 100 |
| 19 | 100 |
| 20 | 100 |
| 21 | 100 |
| 22 | 100 |
| 23 | 100 |
| 24 | 100 |
| 25 | 100 |
| 26 | 100 |
| 27 | 100 |
| 28 | 100 |
| 29 | 100 |
| 30 | 100 |
Wind in November
Winds average 14 km/h in November, the windiest month of the year.
Across November, daily wind ranges from about 14 km/h on the calmest days to 14 km/h at its breeziest. It stays fairly steady from day to day.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wind speed (km/h) | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 |
| Feels | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze |
| Wind speed (km/h) | Feels | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 14 | light breeze |
| 2 | 14 | light breeze |
| 3 | 14 | light breeze |
| 4 | 14 | light breeze |
| 5 | 14 | light breeze |
| 6 | 14 | light breeze |
| 7 | 14 | light breeze |
| 8 | 14 | light breeze |
| 9 | 14 | light breeze |
| 10 | 14 | light breeze |
| 11 | 14 | light breeze |
| 12 | 14 | light breeze |
| 13 | 14 | light breeze |
| 14 | 14 | light breeze |
| 15 | 14 | light breeze |
| 16 | 14 | light breeze |
| 17 | 14 | light breeze |
| 18 | 14 | light breeze |
| 19 | 14 | light breeze |
| 20 | 14 | light breeze |
| 21 | 14 | light breeze |
| 22 | 14 | light breeze |
| 23 | 14 | light breeze |
| 24 | 14 | light breeze |
| 25 | 14 | light breeze |
| 26 | 14 | light breeze |
| 27 | 14 | light breeze |
| 28 | 14 | light breeze |
| 29 | 14 | light breeze |
| 30 | 14 | light breeze |
Sunrise & sunset in November
Daylight runs from about 9 h 54 min at the start of November to 8 h 48 min by month's end. The lit band spans sunrise to sunset each day.
Days shrink by about 66 minutes over November. Sunrise moves from 6:41 AM to 7:20 AM, and sunset from 4:35 PM to 4:08 PM.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Daylight (h) | 9.9 | 9.8 | 9.8 | 9.8 | 9.7 | 9.7 | 9.6 | 9.6 | 9.5 | 9.5 | 9.5 | 9.4 | 9.4 | 9.3 | 9.3 | 9.3 | 9.2 | 9.2 | 9.1 | 9.1 | 9.1 | 9.0 | 9.0 | 9.0 | 8.9 | 8.9 | 8.9 | 8.9 | 8.8 | 8.8 |
| Sunrise (AM) | 6:41 | 6:43 | 6:44 | 6:46 | 6:47 | 6:48 | 6:50 | 6:51 | 6:53 | 6:54 | 6:55 | 6:57 | 6:58 | 7:00 | 7:01 | 7:02 | 7:04 | 7:05 | 7:06 | 7:08 | 7:09 | 7:10 | 7:12 | 7:13 | 7:14 | 7:15 | 7:17 | 7:18 | 7:19 | 7:20 |
| Sunset (PM) | 4:35 | 4:34 | 4:32 | 4:31 | 4:30 | 4:28 | 4:27 | 4:26 | 4:25 | 4:24 | 4:23 | 4:21 | 4:20 | 4:19 | 4:18 | 4:17 | 4:17 | 4:16 | 4:15 | 4:14 | 4:13 | 4:13 | 4:12 | 4:11 | 4:11 | 4:10 | 4:09 | 4:09 | 4:09 | 4:08 |
| Daylight (h) | Sunrise (AM) | Sunset (PM) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 9.9 | 6:41 | 4:35 |
| 2 | 9.8 | 6:43 | 4:34 |
| 3 | 9.8 | 6:44 | 4:32 |
| 4 | 9.8 | 6:46 | 4:31 |
| 5 | 9.7 | 6:47 | 4:30 |
| 6 | 9.7 | 6:48 | 4:28 |
| 7 | 9.6 | 6:50 | 4:27 |
| 8 | 9.6 | 6:51 | 4:26 |
| 9 | 9.5 | 6:53 | 4:25 |
| 10 | 9.5 | 6:54 | 4:24 |
| 11 | 9.5 | 6:55 | 4:23 |
| 12 | 9.4 | 6:57 | 4:21 |
| 13 | 9.4 | 6:58 | 4:20 |
| 14 | 9.3 | 7:00 | 4:19 |
| 15 | 9.3 | 7:01 | 4:18 |
| 16 | 9.3 | 7:02 | 4:17 |
| 17 | 9.2 | 7:04 | 4:17 |
| 18 | 9.2 | 7:05 | 4:16 |
| 19 | 9.1 | 7:06 | 4:15 |
| 20 | 9.1 | 7:08 | 4:14 |
| 21 | 9.1 | 7:09 | 4:13 |
| 22 | 9.0 | 7:10 | 4:13 |
| 23 | 9.0 | 7:12 | 4:12 |
| 24 | 9.0 | 7:13 | 4:11 |
| 25 | 8.9 | 7:14 | 4:11 |
| 26 | 8.9 | 7:15 | 4:10 |
| 27 | 8.9 | 7:17 | 4:09 |
| 28 | 8.9 | 7:18 | 4:09 |
| 29 | 8.8 | 7:19 | 4:09 |
| 30 | 8.8 | 7:20 | 4:08 |
Solar energy in November
Average shortwave solar energy reaching the ground each day in November, about 1.54 kWh/m².
For context, solar energy here swings from a low near 1.24 kWh/m² to a high of 5.9 kWh/m² in June across the year — November's 1.54 kWh/m² sits near the bottom.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | 1.9 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.6 | 1.6 | 1.6 | 1.6 | 1.6 | 1.6 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.3 |
| Level | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim |
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1.9 | Dim |
| 2 | 1.8 | Dim |
| 3 | 1.8 | Dim |
| 4 | 1.8 | Dim |
| 5 | 1.8 | Dim |
| 6 | 1.8 | Dim |
| 7 | 1.7 | Dim |
| 8 | 1.7 | Dim |
| 9 | 1.7 | Dim |
| 10 | 1.7 | Dim |
| 11 | 1.6 | Dim |
| 12 | 1.6 | Dim |
| 13 | 1.6 | Dim |
| 14 | 1.6 | Dim |
| 15 | 1.6 | Dim |
| 16 | 1.6 | Dim |
| 17 | 1.5 | Dim |
| 18 | 1.5 | Dim |
| 19 | 1.5 | Dim |
| 20 | 1.4 | Dim |
| 21 | 1.4 | Dim |
| 22 | 1.4 | Dim |
| 23 | 1.4 | Dim |
| 24 | 1.4 | Dim |
| 25 | 1.3 | Dim |
| 26 | 1.3 | Dim |
| 27 | 1.3 | Dim |
| 28 | 1.3 | Dim |
| 29 | 1.3 | Dim |
| 30 | 1.3 | Dim |
Is November a good time to visit Saint-Laurent?
Our two travel scores rate November for general sightseeing and for beach or pool weather — 0 (poor) to 10 (ideal).
November is a weaker month for outdoor sightseeing in Saint-Laurent.
What to pack for Saint-Laurent in November
From November's temperature range, rain chance, sun and wind — what's worth putting in the bag.
In November, Saint-Laurent sees daytime highs around 6°C and nights near -1°C. Pack a warm layer. Worth having: a heavy coat and rain gear. About 11 days see rain.
UV index in Saint-Laurent in November
Clear-sky midday UV in November peaks around 2. The full-year curve, shaded by WHO exposure level, is below.
Under clear skies, the midday UV index in Saint-Laurent peaks around July 13 at about 8 (very high) — sunscreen and a hat are worth it in the middle of the day. It bottoms out near January 1 at about 1 (low).
The index reaches 3 or more — the level where the WHO recommends sun protection — in 7 months of the year.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UV index (midday) | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 6 | 6 | 8 | 4 | 5 | 3 | 2 | 1 |
| Level | Low | Low | Moderate | Moderate | High | High | Very high | Moderate | High | Moderate | Low | Low |
| UV index (midday) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 1 | Low |
| Feb | 2 | Low |
| Mar | 3 | Moderate |
| Apr | 4 | Moderate |
| May | 6 | High |
| Jun | 6 | High |
| Jul | 8 | Very high |
| Aug | 4 | Moderate |
| Sep | 5 | High |
| Oct | 3 | Moderate |
| Nov | 2 | Low |
| Dec | 1 | Low |
Where is Saint-Laurent?
Saint-Laurent sits at 45.5°N, 73.7°W, 41 m above sea level, in Canada. The nearest listed city is Mont-Royal, 2.0 km away.
Topography around Saint-Laurent
How much the land rises and falls, and what covers it, within 3, 16 and 80 km of Saint-Laurent.
Within 3 km, the terrain around Saint-Laurent has only modest variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 82 m around an average of 48 m above sea level; within 16 km, significant variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 274 m; within 80 km, large variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 849 m.
The land around Saint-Laurent is covered by artificial surfaces (68%) and trees (24%) within 3 km, artificial surfaces (48%) and trees (24%) within 16 km, and trees (44%) and cropland (39%) within 80 km.
Canada travel facts
- Travel advisory
- Level 1
- Exercise Normal Precautions
- Power plugs
- Type A / B
- 120 V · 60 Hz
- Prices
- ≈ 83% of US
- price level, 2025
- GDP per capita
- $55,698
- 2025
- Happiness
- 6.7 / 10
- World Happiness, 2025
- Safe drinking water
- 97%
- of population, 2024
- Homicide rate
- 2
- per 100k, 2023
- Road deaths
- 5.3
- per 100k/yr, 2019
- Income group
- High
- World Bank
- Religion
Sources: World Bank, US State Department, World Happiness Report, WHO/UNICEF, EF EPI, CIA World Factbook.
Data sources
Temperature, precipitation, cloud, humidity, wind and solar figures are a 1991–2020 climatology for Saint-Laurent (45.5001°, -73.6659°, elevation 41 m), computed from hourly ERA5 reanalysis — contains modified Copernicus Climate Change Service information. Sun figures are astronomical calculations, not observations. City data © GeoNames, CC BY 4.0. Map outlines from Natural Earth (public domain); interactive map © Google. UV index is derived from CAMS (Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service) clear-sky UV data — contains modified Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service information. Topography is sampled from the Copernicus DEM GLO-90 elevation model (© ESA/Airbus) and ESA WorldCover 2021 land cover (CC BY 4.0).