Birkat as Sab‘ weather in March

In March, Birkat as Sab‘ sees average daytime highs of 24°C and overnight lows near 12°C, with 5 mm of rain across 1.3 wet days and about 11.8 hours of daylight. It is the 9th-warmest and 3rd-wettest month of the year here.

Highs climb over the month, from about 23°C in the first days to 25°C by the end. The sky is clear or mostly clear about 64% of the time in March, and the air most often feels dry.

Daylight stretches from about 11 h 18 min at the start of March to 12 h 12 min by month's end. Set against the rest of the year, March is Birkat as Sab‘'s 8th-clearest and 1st-windiest month. For the whole year in context, see Birkat as Sab‘'s year-round climate.

Daytime high: 24°; 9th warmest
Overnight low: 12°; 4th coldest
Rainfall: 5 mm; 1.3 wet days
Daylight: 11 h 48 min; 6:12 AM – 5:58 PM
Cloud cover: 32%; 8th clearest
Wind: 11 km/h; 1st windiest
Solar energy: 5.5 kWh/m²
Travel score: 8.8; out of 10

← February Birkat as Sab‘ year-round climate April →Best places to visit in March

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Temperature in March

Average highAverage lowShaded bands: 10–90% of days

Highs climb over the month, from about 23°C in the first days to 25°C by the end.

A typical March day in Birkat as Sab‘ reaches about 24°C in the afternoon and slips back to 12°C overnight — a 12°C spread between the day's warmth and the night's chill. On most days the high lands between 20°C and 29°C. Set against its neighbours, March runs about 3°C warmer than February and about 4°C cooler than April.

	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19	20	21	22	23	24	25	26	27	28	29	30	31
Avg high (°C)	23	23	23	23	23	23	23	23	23	23	24	24	24	24	24	24	24	24	24	24	24	24	24	25	25	25	25	25	25	26	26
Avg low (°C)	11	11	11	11	11	11	11	11	11	11	12	12	12	12	12	12	12	12	12	12	12	12	12	12	12	12	12	12	13	13	13

	Avg high (°C)	Avg low (°C)
1	23	11
2	23	11
3	23	11
4	23	11
5	23	11
6	23	11
7	23	11
8	23	11
9	23	11
10	23	11
11	24	12
12	24	12
13	24	12
14	24	12
15	24	12
16	24	12
17	24	12
18	24	12
19	24	12
20	24	12
21	24	12
22	24	12
23	24	12
24	25	12
25	25	12
26	25	12
27	25	12
28	25	12
29	25	13
30	26	13
31	26	13

How March really feels in Birkat as Sab‘

Once humidity and wind are folded in, March averages 0 days that feel above 32°C and 0 that feel at or below 0°C — the comfort signal a plain temperature reading hides.

Days feeling ≥ 32°C

heat index over the day's high

Days feeling ≤ 0°C

wind chill below the day's low

March sits comfortably in between — no days that feel dangerously hot or drop to a hard freeze once humidity and wind are folded in.

Birkat as Sab‘ weather by month

How March compares with the rest of the year at a glance. March is the 9th-warmest and 3rd-wettest month here — the current month is highlighted below.

Month	High / Low (°C)	Rainfall (mm)	Wet days	Daylight (hours)	Travel score
Jan	20° / 10°	7	2	10.2	7.7
Feb	21° / 10°	7	2.2	10.9	8.0
Mar	24° / 12°	5	1.3	11.8	8.8
Apr	28° / 14°	2	0.6	12.7	7.9
May	32° / 17°	1	0.1	13.5	5.5
Jun	34° / 21°	0	0	13.9	4.0
Jul	35° / 22°	0	0	13.8	3.7
Aug	35° / 23°	0	0	13.1	3.7
Sep	34° / 22°	0	0	12.2	4.3
Oct	31° / 19°	3	0.6	11.2	6.0
Nov	26° / 15°	4	1.1	10.5	8.4
Dec	22° / 11°	3	1.1	10.1	8.3

Cloud cover in March

ClearMostly clearPartly cloudyMostly cloudyOvercast

The sky is clear or mostly clear about 64% of the time in March.

Beyond those clear spells, partly cloudy skies cover about 19% of March, with mostly cloudy or overcast conditions the remaining 18%.

	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19	20	21	22	23	24	25	26	27	28	29	30	31
Clearer (%)	80	80	80	81	81	80	80	80	80	80	81	81	81	81	81	81	82	82	82	82	83	83	83	84	84	84	85	85	86	86	86
Cloudier (%)	20	20	20	19	19	20	20	20	20	20	19	19	19	19	19	19	18	18	18	18	17	17	17	16	16	16	15	15	14	14	14

	Clearer (%)	Cloudier (%)
1	80	20
2	80	20
3	80	20
4	81	19
5	81	19
6	80	20
7	80	20
8	80	20
9	80	20
10	80	20
11	81	19
12	81	19
13	81	19
14	81	19
15	81	19
16	81	19
17	82	18
18	82	18
19	82	18
20	82	18
21	83	17
22	83	17
23	83	17
24	84	16
25	84	16
26	84	16
27	85	15
28	85	15
29	86	14
30	86	14
31	86	14

Chance of precipitation in March

Any precipitation

Birkat as Sab‘ gets around 5 mm of rain over 1.3 wet days in March. The line is the day-by-day chance of measurable precipitation.

Day to day, the chance of measurable rain averages around 4% and peaks near 6% on the wettest days.

	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19	20	21	22	23	24	25	26	27	28	29	30	31
Rain chance (%)	6	5	5	5	5	5	5	5	5	5	5	4	5	5	5	5	5	5	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	3	3	3	3	3	3

	Rain chance (%)
1	6
2	5
3	5
4	5
5	5
6	5
7	5
8	5
9	5
10	5
11	5
12	4
13	5
14	5
15	5
16	5
17	5
18	5
19	4
20	4
21	4
22	4
23	4
24	4
25	4
26	3
27	3
28	3
29	3
30	3
31	3

Humidity in March

DryComfortableHumidMuggyOppressiveMiserable

Most of March feels dry — the stacked bands show each day's mix of comfort levels, read off the dew point.

By dew point, March lands in the dry band about 97% of days. It rarely turns muggy — the humid and sticky bands barely register.

	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19	20	21	22	23	24	25	26	27	28	29	30	31
Dry (%)	98	98	98	98	97	97	97	97	97	96	96	96	96	97	97	97	97	97	97	97	98	98	98	98	98	98	98	98	97	97	97
Comfortable (%)	2	2	2	2	3	3	3	3	3	4	4	4	4	3	3	3	3	3	3	3	2	2	2	2	2	2	2	2	3	3	3

	Dry (%)	Comfortable (%)
1	98	2
2	98	2
3	98	2
4	98	2
5	97	3
6	97	3
7	97	3
8	97	3
9	97	3
10	96	4
11	96	4
12	96	4
13	96	4
14	97	3
15	97	3
16	97	3
17	97	3
18	97	3
19	97	3
20	97	3
21	98	2
22	98	2
23	98	2
24	98	2
25	98	2
26	98	2
27	98	2
28	98	2
29	97	3
30	97	3
31	97	3

Wind in March

Winds average 11 km/h in March, the windiest month of the year.

Across March, daily wind ranges from about 11 km/h on the calmest days to 12 km/h at its breeziest. It stays fairly steady from day to day.

	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19	20	21	22	23	24	25	26	27	28	29	30	31
Wind speed (km/h)	11	11	11	11	11	11	11	11	11	11	11	11	11	11	12	12	12	12	12	12	12	11	11	11	11	11	11	11	11	11	11
Feels	calm	calm	calm	calm	calm	calm	calm	calm	calm	calm	calm	calm	calm	calm	calm	calm	calm	calm	calm	calm	calm	calm	calm	calm	calm	calm	calm	calm	calm	calm	calm

	Wind speed (km/h)	Feels
1	11	calm
2	11	calm
3	11	calm
4	11	calm
5	11	calm
6	11	calm
7	11	calm
8	11	calm
9	11	calm
10	11	calm
11	11	calm
12	11	calm
13	11	calm
14	11	calm
15	12	calm
16	12	calm
17	12	calm
18	12	calm
19	12	calm
20	12	calm
21	12	calm
22	11	calm
23	11	calm
24	11	calm
25	11	calm
26	11	calm
27	11	calm
28	11	calm
29	11	calm
30	11	calm
31	11	calm

Sunrise & sunset in March

DaylightNight

Daylight runs from about 11 h 18 min at the start of March to 12 h 12 min by month's end. The lit band spans sunrise to sunset each day.

Days grow by about 54 minutes over March. Sunrise moves from 6:30 AM to 5:53 AM, and sunset from 5:48 PM to 6:08 PM.

	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19	20	21	22	23	24	25	26	27	28	29	30	31
Daylight (h)	11.3	11.3	11.4	11.4	11.4	11.5	11.5	11.5	11.5	11.6	11.6	11.6	11.7	11.7	11.7	11.8	11.8	11.8	11.9	11.9	11.9	12.0	12.0	12.0	12.1	12.1	12.1	12.2	12.2	12.2	12.2
Sunrise (AM)	6:30	6:29	6:28	6:27	6:25	6:24	6:23	6:22	6:21	6:20	6:18	6:17	6:16	6:15	6:13	6:12	6:11	6:10	6:08	6:07	6:06	6:05	6:03	6:02	6:01	6:00	5:58	5:57	5:56	5:55	5:53
Sunset (PM)	5:48	5:49	5:49	5:50	5:51	5:52	5:52	5:53	5:54	5:54	5:55	5:56	5:56	5:57	5:58	5:58	5:59	6:00	6:00	6:01	6:02	6:02	6:03	6:04	6:04	6:05	6:06	6:06	6:07	6:07	6:08

	Daylight (h)	Sunrise (AM)	Sunset (PM)
1	11.3	6:30	5:48
2	11.3	6:29	5:49
3	11.4	6:28	5:49
4	11.4	6:27	5:50
5	11.4	6:25	5:51
6	11.5	6:24	5:52
7	11.5	6:23	5:52
8	11.5	6:22	5:53
9	11.5	6:21	5:54
10	11.6	6:20	5:54
11	11.6	6:18	5:55
12	11.6	6:17	5:56
13	11.7	6:16	5:56
14	11.7	6:15	5:57
15	11.7	6:13	5:58
16	11.8	6:12	5:58
17	11.8	6:11	5:59
18	11.8	6:10	6:00
19	11.9	6:08	6:00
20	11.9	6:07	6:01
21	11.9	6:06	6:02
22	12.0	6:05	6:02
23	12.0	6:03	6:03
24	12.0	6:02	6:04
25	12.1	6:01	6:04
26	12.1	6:00	6:05
27	12.1	5:58	6:06
28	12.2	5:57	6:06
29	12.2	5:56	6:07
30	12.2	5:55	6:07
31	12.2	5:53	6:08

Solar energy in March

Daily solar energy (kWh/m²)

Average shortwave solar energy reaching the ground each day in March, about 5.5 kWh/m².

For context, solar energy here swings from a low near 3.04 kWh/m² to a high of 7.84 kWh/m² in June across the year — March's 5.5 kWh/m² falls in the middle.

	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19	20	21	22	23	24	25	26	27	28	29	30	31
Solar energy (kWh/m²)	4.9	4.9	5.0	5.0	5.0	5.1	5.1	5.2	5.2	5.2	5.3	5.3	5.3	5.4	5.4	5.5	5.5	5.5	5.6	5.6	5.7	5.7	5.8	5.8	5.9	5.9	6.0	6.0	6.0	6.1	6.2
Level	Bright	Bright	Bright	Bright	Bright	Bright	Bright	Bright	Bright	Bright	Bright	Bright	Bright	Bright	Bright	Bright	Bright	Bright	Bright	Bright	Bright	Bright	Bright	Bright	Bright	Bright	Bright	Intense	Intense	Intense	Intense

	Solar energy (kWh/m²)	Level
1	4.9	Bright
2	4.9	Bright
3	5.0	Bright
4	5.0	Bright
5	5.0	Bright
6	5.1	Bright
7	5.1	Bright
8	5.2	Bright
9	5.2	Bright
10	5.2	Bright
11	5.3	Bright
12	5.3	Bright
13	5.3	Bright
14	5.4	Bright
15	5.4	Bright
16	5.5	Bright
17	5.5	Bright
18	5.5	Bright
19	5.6	Bright
20	5.6	Bright
21	5.7	Bright
22	5.7	Bright
23	5.8	Bright
24	5.8	Bright
25	5.9	Bright
26	5.9	Bright
27	6.0	Bright
28	6.0	Intense
29	6.0	Intense
30	6.1	Intense
31	6.2	Intense

Planning a trip in March

Hazard calendar for Birkat as Sab‘

In seasonPeak

None of Birkat as Sab‘'s seasonal hazards are active in March. The full-year calendar below shows when the rainy season, cyclone risk and dust haze do peak.

Birkat as Sab‘ sees seasonal dust haze (April–May), heaviest in May.

Dust

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Is March a good time to visit Birkat as Sab‘?

Our two travel scores rate March for general sightseeing and for beach or pool weather — 0 (poor) to 10 (ideal).

8.8

Sightseeing

1st-best month of the year

7.4

Beach & pool

9th-best month of the year

March is one of the better times to visit Birkat as Sab‘ for general sightseeing. The water and warmth also suit a beach or pool day.

What to pack for Birkat as Sab‘ in March

From March's temperature range, rain chance, sun and wind — what's worth putting in the bag.

In March, Birkat as Sab‘ sees daytime highs around 24°C and nights near 12°C. Worth packing: light clothes and sun protection.

light clothessun protection

UV index in Birkat as Sab‘ in March

LowModerateHighVery highExtreme

Clear-sky midday UV in March peaks around 6 — enough to warrant sun protection. The full-year curve, shaded by WHO exposure level, is below.

Under clear skies, the midday UV index in Birkat as Sab‘ peaks around June 16 at about 11 (extreme) — sunscreen, a hat and midday shade are essential. It bottoms out near January 11 at about 3 (moderate).

The index reaches 3 or more — the level where the WHO recommends sun protection — every month of the year.

	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec
UV index (midday)	3	4	6	8	10	11	10	10	9	6	5	3
Level	Moderate	Moderate	High	Very high	Very high	Extreme	Very high	Very high	Very high	High	Moderate	Moderate

	UV index (midday)	Level
Jan	3	Moderate
Feb	4	Moderate
Mar	6	High
Apr	8	Very high
May	10	Very high
Jun	11	Extreme
Jul	10	Very high
Aug	10	Very high
Sep	9	Very high
Oct	6	High
Nov	5	Moderate
Dec	3	Moderate

Air quality in Birkat as Sab‘ in March

GoodModeratePoorUnhealthyVery unhealthy

Average fine-particle pollution (PM2.5) through the year — so you can see where March falls, not just the annual average.

Air quality in Birkat as Sab‘ is worst in January — around 89 µg/m³ PM2.5 (unhealthy), about 2.8× the cleanest month (July, 32 µg/m³).

Modeled monthly averages (CAMS reanalysis, 2015–2024).

	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec
PM2.5 (µg/m³)	89	82	70	56	48	37	32	35	40	52	79	86
Level	Unhealthy	Unhealthy	Unhealthy	Unhealthy	Poor	Poor	Moderate	Moderate	Poor	Poor	Unhealthy	Unhealthy

	PM2.5 (µg/m³)	Level
Jan	89	Unhealthy
Feb	82	Unhealthy
Mar	70	Unhealthy
Apr	56	Unhealthy
May	48	Poor
Jun	37	Poor
Jul	32	Moderate
Aug	35	Moderate
Sep	40	Poor
Oct	52	Poor
Nov	79	Unhealthy
Dec	86	Unhealthy

Location & terrain

Where is Birkat as Sab‘?

Birkat as Sab‘ sits at 30.6°N, 31.1°E, 14 m above sea level, in Egypt. The nearest listed city is Quwaysinā, 10 km away.

Topography around Birkat as Sab‘

How much the land rises and falls, and what covers it, within 3, 16 and 80 km of Birkat as Sab‘.

Within 3 km, the terrain around Birkat as Sab‘ has only modest variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 13 m around an average of 11 m above sea level; within 16 km, only modest variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 24 m; within 80 km, significant variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 418 m.

The land around Birkat as Sab‘ is covered by cropland (66%) and artificial surfaces (20%) within 3 km, cropland (72%) within 16 km, and cropland (64%) within 80 km.

3 km

13 m

cropland 66%

16 km

24 m

cropland 72%

80 km

418 m

cropland 64%

treesshrubscroplandartificial surfacesbare terrainwater

← February Birkat as Sab‘ year-round climate April →Best places to visit in March

March weather nearby: Quwaysinā 10 km · Shibīn al Kawm 11 km · As Sanţah 14 km · Talā 14 km · Kafr Shukr 18 km · Ash Shuhadā’ 18 km · Zefta 18 km · Tanta 19 km

Egypt travel facts

Travel advisory: Level 2; Exercise Increased Caution
Power plugs: Type C / F; 220 V · 50 Hz
Prices: ≈ 15% of US; price level, 2025
GDP per capita: $3,086; 2025
Happiness: 3.9 / 10; World Happiness, 2025
Safe drinking water: 79%; of population, 2024
Homicide rate: 1.3; per 100k, 2017
Road deaths: 10.1; per 100k/yr, 2019
Income group: Lower middle; World Bank
English: Low; EF EPI 459
Religion

Sources: World Bank, US State Department, World Happiness Report, WHO/UNICEF, EF EPI, CIA World Factbook.

Data sources

Temperature, precipitation, cloud, humidity, wind and solar figures are a 1991–2020 climatology for Birkat as Sab‘ (30.6291°, 31.0824°, elevation 14 m), computed from hourly ERA5 reanalysis — contains modified Copernicus Climate Change Service information. Sun figures are astronomical calculations, not observations. City data © GeoNames, CC BY 4.0. Map outlines from Natural Earth (public domain); interactive map © Google. UV index is derived from CAMS (Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service) clear-sky UV data — contains modified Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service information. Monthly air-quality (PM2.5) seasonality is from the CAMS EAC4 reanalysis (Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service), scaled to the WHO annual mean where available. Topography is sampled from the Copernicus DEM GLO-90 elevation model (© ESA/Airbus) and ESA WorldCover 2021 land cover (CC BY 4.0).

	Avg high (°C)	Avg low (°C)
1	23	11
2	23	11
3	23	11
4	23	11
5	23	11
6	23	11
7	23	11
8	23	11
9	23	11
10	23	11
11	24	12
12	24	12
13	24	12
14	24	12
15	24	12
16	24	12
17	24	12
18	24	12
19	24	12
20	24	12
21	24	12
22	24	12
23	24	12
24	25	12
25	25	12
26	25	12
27	25	12
28	25	12
29	25	13
30	26	13
31	26	13

	Clearer (%)	Cloudier (%)
1	80	20
2	80	20
3	80	20
4	81	19
5	81	19
6	80	20
7	80	20
8	80	20
9	80	20
10	80	20
11	81	19
12	81	19
13	81	19
14	81	19
15	81	19
16	81	19
17	82	18
18	82	18
19	82	18
20	82	18
21	83	17
22	83	17
23	83	17
24	84	16
25	84	16
26	84	16
27	85	15
28	85	15
29	86	14
30	86	14
31	86	14

	Rain chance (%)
1	6
2	5
3	5
4	5
5	5
6	5
7	5
8	5
9	5
10	5
11	5
12	4
13	5
14	5
15	5
16	5
17	5
18	5
19	4
20	4
21	4
22	4
23	4
24	4
25	4
26	3
27	3
28	3
29	3
30	3
31	3

	Dry (%)	Comfortable (%)
1	98	2
2	98	2
3	98	2
4	98	2
5	97	3
6	97	3
7	97	3
8	97	3
9	97	3
10	96	4
11	96	4
12	96	4
13	96	4
14	97	3
15	97	3
16	97	3
17	97	3
18	97	3
19	97	3
20	97	3
21	98	2
22	98	2
23	98	2
24	98	2
25	98	2
26	98	2
27	98	2
28	98	2
29	97	3
30	97	3
31	97	3

	Avg high (°C)	Avg low (°C)
1	23	11
2	23	11
3	23	11
4	23	11
5	23	11
6	23	11
7	23	11
8	23	11
9	23	11
10	23	11
11	24	12
12	24	12
13	24	12
14	24	12
15	24	12
16	24	12
17	24	12
18	24	12
19	24	12
20	24	12
21	24	12
22	24	12
23	24	12
24	25	12
25	25	12
26	25	12
27	25	12
28	25	12
29	25	13
30	26	13
31	26	13

	Clearer (%)	Cloudier (%)
1	80	20
2	80	20
3	80	20
4	81	19
5	81	19
6	80	20
7	80	20
8	80	20
9	80	20
10	80	20
11	81	19
12	81	19
13	81	19
14	81	19
15	81	19
16	81	19
17	82	18
18	82	18
19	82	18
20	82	18
21	83	17
22	83	17
23	83	17
24	84	16
25	84	16
26	84	16
27	85	15
28	85	15
29	86	14
30	86	14
31	86	14

	Rain chance (%)
1	6
2	5
3	5
4	5
5	5
6	5
7	5
8	5
9	5
10	5
11	5
12	4
13	5
14	5
15	5
16	5
17	5
18	5
19	4
20	4
21	4
22	4
23	4
24	4
25	4
26	3
27	3
28	3
29	3
30	3
31	3

	Dry (%)	Comfortable (%)
1	98	2
2	98	2
3	98	2
4	98	2
5	97	3
6	97	3
7	97	3
8	97	3
9	97	3
10	96	4
11	96	4
12	96	4
13	96	4
14	97	3
15	97	3
16	97	3
17	97	3
18	97	3
19	97	3
20	97	3
21	98	2
22	98	2
23	98	2
24	98	2
25	98	2
26	98	2
27	98	2
28	98	2
29	97	3
30	97	3
31	97	3

	Avg high (°C)	Avg low (°C)
1	23	11
2	23	11
3	23	11
4	23	11
5	23	11
6	23	11
7	23	11
8	23	11
9	23	11
10	23	11
11	24	12
12	24	12
13	24	12
14	24	12
15	24	12
16	24	12
17	24	12
18	24	12
19	24	12
20	24	12
21	24	12
22	24	12
23	24	12
24	25	12
25	25	12
26	25	12
27	25	12
28	25	12
29	25	13
30	26	13
31	26	13

	Clearer (%)	Cloudier (%)
1	80	20
2	80	20
3	80	20
4	81	19
5	81	19
6	80	20
7	80	20
8	80	20
9	80	20
10	80	20
11	81	19
12	81	19
13	81	19
14	81	19
15	81	19
16	81	19
17	82	18
18	82	18
19	82	18
20	82	18
21	83	17
22	83	17
23	83	17
24	84	16
25	84	16
26	84	16
27	85	15
28	85	15
29	86	14
30	86	14
31	86	14

	Rain chance (%)
1	6
2	5
3	5
4	5
5	5
6	5
7	5
8	5
9	5
10	5
11	5
12	4
13	5
14	5
15	5
16	5
17	5
18	5
19	4
20	4
21	4
22	4
23	4
24	4
25	4
26	3
27	3
28	3
29	3
30	3
31	3

	Dry (%)	Comfortable (%)
1	98	2
2	98	2
3	98	2
4	98	2
5	97	3
6	97	3
7	97	3
8	97	3
9	97	3
10	96	4
11	96	4
12	96	4
13	96	4
14	97	3
15	97	3
16	97	3
17	97	3
18	97	3
19	97	3
20	97	3
21	98	2
22	98	2
23	98	2
24	98	2
25	98	2
26	98	2
27	98	2
28	98	2
29	97	3
30	97	3
31	97	3