Kom Ombo weather in February
In February, Kom Ombo sees average daytime highs of 26°C and overnight lows near 13°C, with 0 mm of rain across 0 wet days and about 11.1 hours of daylight. It is the 10th-warmest and 6th-wettest month of the year here.
Highs climb over the month, from about 24°C in the first days to 27°C by the end. The sky is clear or mostly clear about 81% of the time in February, and the air most often feels dry.
Daylight stretches from about 10 h 54 min at the start of February to 11 h 24 min by month's end. Set against the rest of the year, February is Kom Ombo's 10th-clearest and 8th-windiest month. For the whole year in context, see Kom Ombo's year-round climate.
- Daytime high
- 26°
- 10th warmest
- Overnight low
- 13°
- 2nd coldest
- Rainfall
- 0 mm
- 0 wet days
- Daylight
- 11 h 12 min
- 6:28 AM – 5:37 PM
- Cloud cover
- 17%
- 10th clearest
- Wind
- 12 km/h
- 8th windiest
- Solar energy
- 5.68 kWh/m²
- Travel score
- 9.2
- out of 10
Kom Ombo is city.
Air quality: WHO Ambient Air Quality Database. Density & description: Wikidata (CC0), GeoNames.
Temperature in February
Highs climb over the month, from about 24°C in the first days to 27°C by the end.
A typical February day in Kom Ombo reaches about 26°C in the afternoon and slips back to 13°C overnight — a 13°C spread between the day's warmth and the night's chill. On most days the high lands between 21°C and 31°C. Set against its neighbours, February runs about 2°C warmer than January and about 4°C cooler than March.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Avg high (°C) | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 26 | 26 | 26 | 26 | 26 | 26 | 27 | 27 | 27 | 27 | 27 | 28 | 28 |
| Avg low (°C) | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 |
| Avg high (°C) | Avg low (°C) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 24 | 12 |
| 2 | 24 | 12 |
| 3 | 24 | 12 |
| 4 | 24 | 12 |
| 5 | 25 | 12 |
| 6 | 25 | 12 |
| 7 | 25 | 12 |
| 8 | 25 | 12 |
| 9 | 25 | 12 |
| 10 | 25 | 12 |
| 11 | 25 | 12 |
| 12 | 25 | 12 |
| 13 | 25 | 12 |
| 14 | 25 | 12 |
| 15 | 25 | 13 |
| 16 | 26 | 13 |
| 17 | 26 | 13 |
| 18 | 26 | 13 |
| 19 | 26 | 13 |
| 20 | 26 | 13 |
| 21 | 26 | 13 |
| 22 | 27 | 13 |
| 23 | 27 | 14 |
| 24 | 27 | 14 |
| 25 | 27 | 14 |
| 26 | 27 | 14 |
| 27 | 28 | 14 |
| 28 | 28 | 14 |
How February really feels in Kom Ombo
Once humidity and wind are folded in, February averages 0 days that feel above 32°C and 0 that feel at or below 0°C — the comfort signal a plain temperature reading hides.
February sits comfortably in between — no days that feel dangerously hot or drop to a hard freeze once humidity and wind are folded in.
Kom Ombo weather by month
How February compares with the rest of the year at a glance. February is the 10th-warmest and 6th-wettest month here — the current month is highlighted below.
| Month | High / Low (°C) | Rainfall (mm) | Wet days | Daylight (hours) | Travel score |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 23° / 11° | 1 | 0.3 | 10.7 | 9.3 |
| Feb | 26° / 13° | 0 | 0 | 11.1 | 9.2 |
| Mar | 30° / 16° | 0 | 0.1 | 11.8 | 7.0 |
| Apr | 35° / 20° | 0 | 0 | 12.6 | 3.5 |
| May | 39° / 25° | 0 | 0.1 | 13.2 | 0.9 |
| Jun | 41° / 27° | 0 | 0 | 13.5 | 0.0 |
| Jul | 41° / 28° | 0 | 0 | 13.4 | 0.0 |
| Aug | 41° / 29° | 0 | 0 | 12.9 | 0.0 |
| Sep | 39° / 27° | 0 | 0 | 12.2 | 0.5 |
| Oct | 36° / 23° | 0 | 0.1 | 11.4 | 2.8 |
| Nov | 30° / 18° | 0 | 0.2 | 10.8 | 7.0 |
| Dec | 25° / 13° | 0 | 0 | 10.5 | 9.3 |
Cloud cover in February
The sky is clear or mostly clear about 81% of the time in February.
Beyond those clear spells, partly cloudy skies cover about 7% of February, with mostly cloudy or overcast conditions the remaining 12%.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clearer (%) | 89 | 88 | 88 | 89 | 89 | 89 | 89 | 88 | 88 | 88 | 88 | 88 | 88 | 87 | 87 | 87 | 88 | 88 | 88 | 87 | 87 | 87 | 88 | 88 | 88 | 89 | 89 | 88 |
| Cloudier (%) | 11 | 12 | 12 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 11 | 11 | 12 |
| Clearer (%) | Cloudier (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 89 | 11 |
| 2 | 88 | 12 |
| 3 | 88 | 12 |
| 4 | 89 | 11 |
| 5 | 89 | 11 |
| 6 | 89 | 11 |
| 7 | 89 | 11 |
| 8 | 88 | 12 |
| 9 | 88 | 12 |
| 10 | 88 | 12 |
| 11 | 88 | 12 |
| 12 | 88 | 12 |
| 13 | 88 | 12 |
| 14 | 87 | 13 |
| 15 | 87 | 13 |
| 16 | 87 | 13 |
| 17 | 88 | 12 |
| 18 | 88 | 12 |
| 19 | 88 | 12 |
| 20 | 87 | 13 |
| 21 | 87 | 13 |
| 22 | 87 | 13 |
| 23 | 88 | 12 |
| 24 | 88 | 12 |
| 25 | 88 | 12 |
| 26 | 89 | 11 |
| 27 | 89 | 11 |
| 28 | 88 | 12 |
Chance of precipitation in February
Kom Ombo gets around 0 mm of rain over 0 wet days in February. The line is the day-by-day chance of measurable precipitation.
Day to day, the chance of measurable rain averages around 0% and peaks near 0% on the wettest days.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rain chance (%) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Rain chance (%) | |
|---|---|
| 1 | 0 |
| 2 | 0 |
| 3 | 0 |
| 4 | 0 |
| 5 | 0 |
| 6 | 0 |
| 7 | 0 |
| 8 | 0 |
| 9 | 0 |
| 10 | 0 |
| 11 | 0 |
| 12 | 0 |
| 13 | 0 |
| 14 | 0 |
| 15 | 0 |
| 16 | 0 |
| 17 | 0 |
| 18 | 0 |
| 19 | 0 |
| 20 | 0 |
| 21 | 0 |
| 22 | 0 |
| 23 | 0 |
| 24 | 0 |
| 25 | 0 |
| 26 | 0 |
| 27 | 0 |
| 28 | 0 |
Humidity in February
Most of February feels dry — the stacked bands show each day's mix of comfort levels, read off the dew point.
By dew point, February lands in the dry band about 100% of days. It rarely turns muggy — the humid and sticky bands barely register.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dry (%) | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
| Dry (%) | |
|---|---|
| 1 | 100 |
| 2 | 100 |
| 3 | 100 |
| 4 | 100 |
| 5 | 100 |
| 6 | 100 |
| 7 | 100 |
| 8 | 100 |
| 9 | 100 |
| 10 | 100 |
| 11 | 100 |
| 12 | 100 |
| 13 | 100 |
| 14 | 100 |
| 15 | 100 |
| 16 | 100 |
| 17 | 100 |
| 18 | 100 |
| 19 | 100 |
| 20 | 100 |
| 21 | 100 |
| 22 | 100 |
| 23 | 100 |
| 24 | 100 |
| 25 | 100 |
| 26 | 100 |
| 27 | 100 |
| 28 | 100 |
Wind in February
Winds average 12 km/h in February.
Across February, daily wind ranges from about 11 km/h on the calmest days to 12 km/h at its breeziest. It stays fairly steady from day to day.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wind speed (km/h) | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 |
| Feels | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm |
| Wind speed (km/h) | Feels | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 11 | calm |
| 2 | 11 | calm |
| 3 | 11 | calm |
| 4 | 11 | calm |
| 5 | 11 | calm |
| 6 | 12 | calm |
| 7 | 12 | calm |
| 8 | 12 | calm |
| 9 | 12 | calm |
| 10 | 12 | calm |
| 11 | 12 | calm |
| 12 | 12 | calm |
| 13 | 12 | calm |
| 14 | 12 | calm |
| 15 | 12 | calm |
| 16 | 12 | calm |
| 17 | 12 | calm |
| 18 | 12 | calm |
| 19 | 12 | calm |
| 20 | 12 | calm |
| 21 | 12 | calm |
| 22 | 12 | calm |
| 23 | 12 | calm |
| 24 | 12 | calm |
| 25 | 12 | calm |
| 26 | 12 | calm |
| 27 | 12 | calm |
| 28 | 12 | calm |
Sunrise & sunset in February
Daylight runs from about 10 h 54 min at the start of February to 11 h 24 min by month's end. The lit band spans sunrise to sunset each day.
Days grow by about 30 minutes over February. Sunrise moves from 6:35 AM to 6:18 AM, and sunset from 5:28 PM to 5:45 PM.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Daylight (h) | 10.9 | 10.9 | 10.9 | 10.9 | 10.9 | 11.0 | 11.0 | 11.0 | 11.0 | 11.0 | 11.1 | 11.1 | 11.1 | 11.1 | 11.2 | 11.2 | 11.2 | 11.2 | 11.2 | 11.3 | 11.3 | 11.3 | 11.3 | 11.3 | 11.4 | 11.4 | 11.4 | 11.4 |
| Sunrise (AM) | 6:35 | 6:35 | 6:35 | 6:34 | 6:34 | 6:33 | 6:33 | 6:32 | 6:32 | 6:31 | 6:31 | 6:30 | 6:30 | 6:29 | 6:28 | 6:28 | 6:27 | 6:26 | 6:26 | 6:25 | 6:24 | 6:23 | 6:23 | 6:22 | 6:21 | 6:20 | 6:19 | 6:18 |
| Sunset (PM) | 5:28 | 5:29 | 5:29 | 5:30 | 5:31 | 5:31 | 5:32 | 5:33 | 5:33 | 5:34 | 5:35 | 5:35 | 5:36 | 5:37 | 5:37 | 5:38 | 5:39 | 5:39 | 5:40 | 5:40 | 5:41 | 5:42 | 5:42 | 5:43 | 5:43 | 5:44 | 5:44 | 5:45 |
| Daylight (h) | Sunrise (AM) | Sunset (PM) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 10.9 | 6:35 | 5:28 |
| 2 | 10.9 | 6:35 | 5:29 |
| 3 | 10.9 | 6:35 | 5:29 |
| 4 | 10.9 | 6:34 | 5:30 |
| 5 | 10.9 | 6:34 | 5:31 |
| 6 | 11.0 | 6:33 | 5:31 |
| 7 | 11.0 | 6:33 | 5:32 |
| 8 | 11.0 | 6:32 | 5:33 |
| 9 | 11.0 | 6:32 | 5:33 |
| 10 | 11.0 | 6:31 | 5:34 |
| 11 | 11.1 | 6:31 | 5:35 |
| 12 | 11.1 | 6:30 | 5:35 |
| 13 | 11.1 | 6:30 | 5:36 |
| 14 | 11.1 | 6:29 | 5:37 |
| 15 | 11.2 | 6:28 | 5:37 |
| 16 | 11.2 | 6:28 | 5:38 |
| 17 | 11.2 | 6:27 | 5:39 |
| 18 | 11.2 | 6:26 | 5:39 |
| 19 | 11.2 | 6:26 | 5:40 |
| 20 | 11.3 | 6:25 | 5:40 |
| 21 | 11.3 | 6:24 | 5:41 |
| 22 | 11.3 | 6:23 | 5:42 |
| 23 | 11.3 | 6:23 | 5:42 |
| 24 | 11.3 | 6:22 | 5:43 |
| 25 | 11.4 | 6:21 | 5:43 |
| 26 | 11.4 | 6:20 | 5:44 |
| 27 | 11.4 | 6:19 | 5:44 |
| 28 | 11.4 | 6:18 | 5:45 |
Solar energy in February
Average shortwave solar energy reaching the ground each day in February, about 5.68 kWh/m².
For context, solar energy here swings from a low near 4.48 kWh/m² to a high of 7.97 kWh/m² in June across the year — February's 5.68 kWh/m² falls in the middle.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | 5.2 | 5.3 | 5.3 | 5.3 | 5.4 | 5.4 | 5.4 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.6 | 5.6 | 5.6 | 5.7 | 5.7 | 5.7 | 5.8 | 5.8 | 5.8 | 5.9 | 5.9 | 5.9 | 6.0 | 6.0 | 6.0 | 6.1 | 6.1 | 6.2 |
| Level | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense |
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 5.2 | Bright |
| 2 | 5.3 | Bright |
| 3 | 5.3 | Bright |
| 4 | 5.3 | Bright |
| 5 | 5.4 | Bright |
| 6 | 5.4 | Bright |
| 7 | 5.4 | Bright |
| 8 | 5.5 | Bright |
| 9 | 5.5 | Bright |
| 10 | 5.5 | Bright |
| 11 | 5.6 | Bright |
| 12 | 5.6 | Bright |
| 13 | 5.6 | Bright |
| 14 | 5.7 | Bright |
| 15 | 5.7 | Bright |
| 16 | 5.7 | Bright |
| 17 | 5.8 | Bright |
| 18 | 5.8 | Bright |
| 19 | 5.8 | Bright |
| 20 | 5.9 | Bright |
| 21 | 5.9 | Bright |
| 22 | 5.9 | Bright |
| 23 | 6.0 | Bright |
| 24 | 6.0 | Intense |
| 25 | 6.0 | Intense |
| 26 | 6.1 | Intense |
| 27 | 6.1 | Intense |
| 28 | 6.2 | Intense |
Hazard calendar for Kom Ombo
None of Kom Ombo's seasonal hazards are active in February. The full-year calendar below shows when the rainy season, cyclone risk and dust haze do peak.
Kom Ombo sees seasonal dust haze (April–June), heaviest in May.
Is February a good time to visit Kom Ombo?
Our two travel scores rate February for general sightseeing and for beach or pool weather — 0 (poor) to 10 (ideal).
February is one of the better times to visit Kom Ombo for general sightseeing. The water and warmth also suit a beach or pool day.
What to pack for Kom Ombo in February
From February's temperature range, rain chance, sun and wind — what's worth putting in the bag.
In February, Kom Ombo sees daytime highs around 26°C and nights near 13°C. Worth packing: light clothes and sun protection.
UV index in Kom Ombo in February
Clear-sky midday UV in February peaks around 7 — enough to warrant sun protection. The full-year curve, shaded by WHO exposure level, is below.
Under clear skies, the midday UV index in Kom Ombo peaks around August 16 at about 11 (extreme) — sunscreen, a hat and midday shade are essential. It bottoms out near December 19 at about 5 (moderate).
The index reaches 3 or more — the level where the WHO recommends sun protection — every month of the year.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UV index (midday) | 6 | 7 | 10 | 10 | 11 | 11 | 10 | 11 | 10 | 8 | 6 | 5 |
| Level | High | Very high | Very high | Very high | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Very high | Very high | High | Moderate |
| UV index (midday) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 6 | High |
| Feb | 7 | Very high |
| Mar | 10 | Very high |
| Apr | 10 | Very high |
| May | 11 | Extreme |
| Jun | 11 | Extreme |
| Jul | 10 | Extreme |
| Aug | 11 | Extreme |
| Sep | 10 | Very high |
| Oct | 8 | Very high |
| Nov | 6 | High |
| Dec | 5 | Moderate |
Air quality in Kom Ombo in February
Average fine-particle pollution (PM2.5) through the year — so you can see where February falls, not just the annual average.
Air quality in Kom Ombo is worst in March — around 48 µg/m³ PM2.5 (poor), and holds fairly steady the rest of the year.
Modeled monthly averages (CAMS reanalysis, 2015–2024).
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PM2.5 (µg/m³) | 42 | 43 | 48 | 46 | 46 | 46 | 41 | 42 | 43 | 38 | 33 | 36 |
| Level | Poor | Poor | Poor | Poor | Poor | Poor | Poor | Poor | Poor | Poor | Moderate | Poor |
| PM2.5 (µg/m³) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 42 | Poor |
| Feb | 43 | Poor |
| Mar | 48 | Poor |
| Apr | 46 | Poor |
| May | 46 | Poor |
| Jun | 46 | Poor |
| Jul | 41 | Poor |
| Aug | 42 | Poor |
| Sep | 43 | Poor |
| Oct | 38 | Poor |
| Nov | 33 | Moderate |
| Dec | 36 | Poor |
Where is Kom Ombo?
Kom Ombo sits at 24.5°N, 32.9°E, 108 m above sea level, in Egypt. The nearest listed city is Darāw, 8.0 km away.
Topography around Kom Ombo
How much the land rises and falls, and what covers it, within 3, 16 and 80 km of Kom Ombo.
Within 3 km, the terrain around Kom Ombo has only modest variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 37 m around an average of 101 m above sea level; within 16 km, only modest variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 123 m; within 80 km, significant variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 483 m.
The land around Kom Ombo is covered by cropland (55%) and artificial surfaces (27%) within 3 km, bare terrain (40%) and cropland (39%) within 16 km, and bare terrain (92%) within 80 km.
Egypt travel facts
- Travel advisory
- Level 2
- Exercise Increased Caution
- Power plugs
- Type C / F
- 220 V · 50 Hz
- Prices
- ≈ 15% of US
- price level, 2025
- GDP per capita
- $3,086
- 2025
- Happiness
- 3.9 / 10
- World Happiness, 2025
- Safe drinking water
- 79%
- of population, 2024
- Homicide rate
- 1.3
- per 100k, 2017
- Road deaths
- 10.1
- per 100k/yr, 2019
- Income group
- Lower middle
- World Bank
- English
- Low
- EF EPI 459
- Religion
Sources: World Bank, US State Department, World Happiness Report, WHO/UNICEF, EF EPI, CIA World Factbook.
Data sources
Temperature, precipitation, cloud, humidity, wind and solar figures are a 1991–2020 climatology for Kom Ombo (24.4767°, 32.9463°, elevation 108 m), computed from hourly ERA5 reanalysis — contains modified Copernicus Climate Change Service information. Sun figures are astronomical calculations, not observations. City data © GeoNames, CC BY 4.0. Map outlines from Natural Earth (public domain); interactive map © Google. UV index is derived from CAMS (Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service) clear-sky UV data — contains modified Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service information. Monthly air-quality (PM2.5) seasonality is from the CAMS EAC4 reanalysis (Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service), scaled to the WHO annual mean where available. Topography is sampled from the Copernicus DEM GLO-90 elevation model (© ESA/Airbus) and ESA WorldCover 2021 land cover (CC BY 4.0).