Wegeda weather in November
In November, Wegeda sees average daytime highs of 25°C and overnight lows near 13°C, with 16 mm of rain across 2.9 wet days and about 11.5 hours of daylight. It is the 6th-warmest and 10th-wettest month of the year here.
Day-to-day highs hold fairly steady near 25°C through the month. The sky is clear or mostly clear about 71% of the time in November, and the air most often feels dry.
Daylight stretches from about 11 h 36 min at the start of November to 11 h 24 min by month's end. Set against the rest of the year, November is Wegeda's 2nd-clearest and 4th-windiest month. For the whole year in context, see Wegeda's year-round climate.
- Daytime high
- 25°
- 6th warmest
- Overnight low
- 13°
- 3rd coldest
- Rainfall
- 16 mm
- 2.9 wet days
- Daylight
- 11 h 30 min
- 6:28 AM – 5:56 PM
- Cloud cover
- 28%
- 2nd clearest
- Wind
- 5 km/h
- 4th windiest
- Solar energy
- 5.68 kWh/m²
- Travel score
- 8.6
- out of 10
Temperature in November
Day-to-day highs hold fairly steady near 25°C through the month.
A typical November day in Wegeda reaches about 25°C in the afternoon and slips back to 13°C overnight — a 12°C spread between the day's warmth and the night's chill. On most days the high lands between 23°C and 27°C. Set against its neighbours, November runs on par with October and on par with December.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Avg high (°C) | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 |
| Avg low (°C) | 14 | 14 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 |
| Avg high (°C) | Avg low (°C) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 25 | 14 |
| 2 | 25 | 14 |
| 3 | 25 | 13 |
| 4 | 25 | 13 |
| 5 | 25 | 13 |
| 6 | 25 | 13 |
| 7 | 25 | 13 |
| 8 | 25 | 13 |
| 9 | 25 | 13 |
| 10 | 25 | 13 |
| 11 | 25 | 13 |
| 12 | 25 | 13 |
| 13 | 25 | 13 |
| 14 | 25 | 13 |
| 15 | 25 | 13 |
| 16 | 25 | 13 |
| 17 | 25 | 13 |
| 18 | 25 | 13 |
| 19 | 25 | 13 |
| 20 | 25 | 13 |
| 21 | 25 | 13 |
| 22 | 25 | 13 |
| 23 | 25 | 13 |
| 24 | 25 | 13 |
| 25 | 25 | 13 |
| 26 | 25 | 13 |
| 27 | 25 | 13 |
| 28 | 25 | 13 |
| 29 | 25 | 13 |
| 30 | 25 | 13 |
Wegeda weather by month
How November compares with the rest of the year at a glance. November is the 6th-warmest and 10th-wettest month here — the current month is highlighted below.
| Month | High / Low (°C) | Rainfall (mm) | Wet days | Daylight (hours) | Travel score |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 26° / 12° | 8 | 1.9 | 11.4 | 8.5 |
| Feb | 27° / 14° | 19 | 3.2 | 11.6 | 7.9 |
| Mar | 28° / 15° | 47 | 7.9 | 11.9 | 7.0 |
| Apr | 28° / 15° | 73 | 9.7 | 12.2 | 6.6 |
| May | 27° / 15° | 90 | 9.7 | 12.5 | 6.7 |
| Jun | 25° / 14° | 175 | 17.6 | 12.6 | 5.7 |
| Jul | 22° / 14° | 337 | 29.7 | 12.6 | 3.8 |
| Aug | 22° / 14° | 319 | 29.3 | 12.4 | 3.9 |
| Sep | 24° / 14° | 104 | 13.3 | 12.1 | 6.6 |
| Oct | 25° / 14° | 22 | 2.9 | 11.7 | 8.4 |
| Nov | 25° / 13° | 16 | 2.9 | 11.5 | 8.6 |
| Dec | 25° / 12° | 8 | 1.6 | 11.4 | 8.8 |
Cloud cover in November
The sky is clear or mostly clear about 71% of the time in November.
Beyond those clear spells, partly cloudy skies cover about 15% of November, with mostly cloudy or overcast conditions the remaining 14%. Skies tend to open up as the month goes on.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clearer (%) | 84 | 84 | 84 | 84 | 85 | 86 | 86 | 86 | 86 | 86 | 86 | 86 | 86 | 86 | 86 | 86 | 87 | 87 | 87 | 87 | 87 | 87 | 87 | 87 | 88 | 88 | 88 | 88 | 88 | 88 |
| Cloudier (%) | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 15 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 |
| Clearer (%) | Cloudier (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 84 | 16 |
| 2 | 84 | 16 |
| 3 | 84 | 16 |
| 4 | 84 | 16 |
| 5 | 85 | 15 |
| 6 | 86 | 14 |
| 7 | 86 | 14 |
| 8 | 86 | 14 |
| 9 | 86 | 14 |
| 10 | 86 | 14 |
| 11 | 86 | 14 |
| 12 | 86 | 14 |
| 13 | 86 | 14 |
| 14 | 86 | 14 |
| 15 | 86 | 14 |
| 16 | 86 | 14 |
| 17 | 87 | 13 |
| 18 | 87 | 13 |
| 19 | 87 | 13 |
| 20 | 87 | 13 |
| 21 | 87 | 13 |
| 22 | 87 | 13 |
| 23 | 87 | 13 |
| 24 | 87 | 13 |
| 25 | 88 | 12 |
| 26 | 88 | 12 |
| 27 | 88 | 12 |
| 28 | 88 | 12 |
| 29 | 88 | 12 |
| 30 | 88 | 12 |
Chance of precipitation in November
Wegeda gets around 16 mm of rain over 2.9 wet days in November. The line is the day-by-day chance of measurable precipitation.
Day to day, the chance of measurable rain averages around 9% and peaks near 11% on the wettest days.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rain chance (%) | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 10 | 10 | 9 | 9 | 8 | 8 | 7 | 7 | 6 |
| Rain chance (%) | |
|---|---|
| 1 | 8 |
| 2 | 8 |
| 3 | 8 |
| 4 | 8 |
| 5 | 8 |
| 6 | 9 |
| 7 | 9 |
| 8 | 9 |
| 9 | 9 |
| 10 | 9 |
| 11 | 10 |
| 12 | 10 |
| 13 | 10 |
| 14 | 10 |
| 15 | 10 |
| 16 | 11 |
| 17 | 11 |
| 18 | 11 |
| 19 | 11 |
| 20 | 11 |
| 21 | 11 |
| 22 | 10 |
| 23 | 10 |
| 24 | 9 |
| 25 | 9 |
| 26 | 8 |
| 27 | 8 |
| 28 | 7 |
| 29 | 7 |
| 30 | 6 |
Humidity in November
Most of November feels dry — the stacked bands show each day's mix of comfort levels, read off the dew point.
By dew point, November lands in the dry band about 100% of days. It rarely turns muggy — the humid and sticky bands barely register.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dry (%) | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
| Dry (%) | |
|---|---|
| 1 | 100 |
| 2 | 100 |
| 3 | 100 |
| 4 | 100 |
| 5 | 100 |
| 6 | 100 |
| 7 | 100 |
| 8 | 100 |
| 9 | 100 |
| 10 | 100 |
| 11 | 100 |
| 12 | 100 |
| 13 | 100 |
| 14 | 100 |
| 15 | 100 |
| 16 | 100 |
| 17 | 100 |
| 18 | 100 |
| 19 | 100 |
| 20 | 100 |
| 21 | 100 |
| 22 | 100 |
| 23 | 100 |
| 24 | 100 |
| 25 | 100 |
| 26 | 100 |
| 27 | 100 |
| 28 | 100 |
| 29 | 100 |
| 30 | 100 |
Wind in November
Winds average 5 km/h in November.
Across November, daily wind ranges from about 5 km/h on the calmest days to 5 km/h at its breeziest. It stays fairly steady from day to day.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wind speed (km/h) | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 |
| Feels | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm |
| Wind speed (km/h) | Feels | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 5 | calm |
| 2 | 5 | calm |
| 3 | 5 | calm |
| 4 | 5 | calm |
| 5 | 5 | calm |
| 6 | 5 | calm |
| 7 | 5 | calm |
| 8 | 5 | calm |
| 9 | 5 | calm |
| 10 | 5 | calm |
| 11 | 5 | calm |
| 12 | 5 | calm |
| 13 | 5 | calm |
| 14 | 5 | calm |
| 15 | 5 | calm |
| 16 | 5 | calm |
| 17 | 5 | calm |
| 18 | 5 | calm |
| 19 | 5 | calm |
| 20 | 5 | calm |
| 21 | 5 | calm |
| 22 | 5 | calm |
| 23 | 5 | calm |
| 24 | 5 | calm |
| 25 | 5 | calm |
| 26 | 5 | calm |
| 27 | 5 | calm |
| 28 | 5 | calm |
| 29 | 5 | calm |
| 30 | 5 | calm |
Sunrise & sunset in November
Daylight runs from about 11 h 36 min at the start of November to 11 h 24 min by month's end. The lit band spans sunrise to sunset each day.
Days shrink by about 12 minutes over November. Sunrise moves from 6:22 AM to 6:34 AM, and sunset from 5:58 PM to 5:58 PM.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Daylight (h) | 11.6 | 11.6 | 11.6 | 11.6 | 11.6 | 11.6 | 11.5 | 11.5 | 11.5 | 11.5 | 11.5 | 11.5 | 11.5 | 11.5 | 11.5 | 11.5 | 11.5 | 11.5 | 11.5 | 11.4 | 11.4 | 11.4 | 11.4 | 11.4 | 11.4 | 11.4 | 11.4 | 11.4 | 11.4 | 11.4 |
| Sunrise (AM) | 6:22 | 6:23 | 6:23 | 6:23 | 6:23 | 6:24 | 6:24 | 6:24 | 6:25 | 6:25 | 6:26 | 6:26 | 6:26 | 6:27 | 6:27 | 6:28 | 6:28 | 6:28 | 6:29 | 6:29 | 6:30 | 6:30 | 6:31 | 6:31 | 6:32 | 6:32 | 6:33 | 6:33 | 6:34 | 6:34 |
| Sunset (PM) | 5:58 | 5:58 | 5:57 | 5:57 | 5:57 | 5:57 | 5:57 | 5:57 | 5:56 | 5:56 | 5:56 | 5:56 | 5:56 | 5:56 | 5:56 | 5:56 | 5:56 | 5:56 | 5:56 | 5:56 | 5:56 | 5:56 | 5:57 | 5:57 | 5:57 | 5:57 | 5:57 | 5:57 | 5:58 | 5:58 |
| Daylight (h) | Sunrise (AM) | Sunset (PM) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 11.6 | 6:22 | 5:58 |
| 2 | 11.6 | 6:23 | 5:58 |
| 3 | 11.6 | 6:23 | 5:57 |
| 4 | 11.6 | 6:23 | 5:57 |
| 5 | 11.6 | 6:23 | 5:57 |
| 6 | 11.6 | 6:24 | 5:57 |
| 7 | 11.5 | 6:24 | 5:57 |
| 8 | 11.5 | 6:24 | 5:57 |
| 9 | 11.5 | 6:25 | 5:56 |
| 10 | 11.5 | 6:25 | 5:56 |
| 11 | 11.5 | 6:26 | 5:56 |
| 12 | 11.5 | 6:26 | 5:56 |
| 13 | 11.5 | 6:26 | 5:56 |
| 14 | 11.5 | 6:27 | 5:56 |
| 15 | 11.5 | 6:27 | 5:56 |
| 16 | 11.5 | 6:28 | 5:56 |
| 17 | 11.5 | 6:28 | 5:56 |
| 18 | 11.5 | 6:28 | 5:56 |
| 19 | 11.5 | 6:29 | 5:56 |
| 20 | 11.4 | 6:29 | 5:56 |
| 21 | 11.4 | 6:30 | 5:56 |
| 22 | 11.4 | 6:30 | 5:56 |
| 23 | 11.4 | 6:31 | 5:57 |
| 24 | 11.4 | 6:31 | 5:57 |
| 25 | 11.4 | 6:32 | 5:57 |
| 26 | 11.4 | 6:32 | 5:57 |
| 27 | 11.4 | 6:33 | 5:57 |
| 28 | 11.4 | 6:33 | 5:57 |
| 29 | 11.4 | 6:34 | 5:58 |
| 30 | 11.4 | 6:34 | 5:58 |
Solar energy in November
Average shortwave solar energy reaching the ground each day in November, about 5.68 kWh/m².
For context, solar energy here swings from a low near 4.29 kWh/m² to a high of 6.38 kWh/m² in April across the year — November's 5.68 kWh/m² falls in the middle.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | 5.9 | 5.9 | 5.9 | 5.9 | 5.8 | 5.8 | 5.8 | 5.8 | 5.8 | 5.8 | 5.8 | 5.7 | 5.7 | 5.7 | 5.7 | 5.7 | 5.6 | 5.6 | 5.6 | 5.6 | 5.6 | 5.6 | 5.6 | 5.6 | 5.6 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.5 |
| Level | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright |
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 5.9 | Bright |
| 2 | 5.9 | Bright |
| 3 | 5.9 | Bright |
| 4 | 5.9 | Bright |
| 5 | 5.8 | Bright |
| 6 | 5.8 | Bright |
| 7 | 5.8 | Bright |
| 8 | 5.8 | Bright |
| 9 | 5.8 | Bright |
| 10 | 5.8 | Bright |
| 11 | 5.8 | Bright |
| 12 | 5.7 | Bright |
| 13 | 5.7 | Bright |
| 14 | 5.7 | Bright |
| 15 | 5.7 | Bright |
| 16 | 5.7 | Bright |
| 17 | 5.6 | Bright |
| 18 | 5.6 | Bright |
| 19 | 5.6 | Bright |
| 20 | 5.6 | Bright |
| 21 | 5.6 | Bright |
| 22 | 5.6 | Bright |
| 23 | 5.6 | Bright |
| 24 | 5.6 | Bright |
| 25 | 5.6 | Bright |
| 26 | 5.5 | Bright |
| 27 | 5.5 | Bright |
| 28 | 5.5 | Bright |
| 29 | 5.5 | Bright |
| 30 | 5.5 | Bright |
Hazard calendar for Wegeda
None of Wegeda's seasonal hazards are active in November. The full-year calendar below shows when the rainy season, cyclone risk and dust haze do peak.
Wegeda's monsoon runs June–August, when most of the year's rain falls.
Wegeda sees seasonal dust haze (June), heaviest in June.
Is November a good time to visit Wegeda?
Our two travel scores rate November for general sightseeing and for beach or pool weather — 0 (poor) to 10 (ideal).
November is one of the better times to visit Wegeda for general sightseeing. The water and warmth also suit a beach or pool day.
What to pack for Wegeda in November
From November's temperature range, rain chance, sun and wind — what's worth putting in the bag.
In November, Wegeda sees daytime highs around 25°C and nights near 13°C. Worth packing: light clothes and sun protection.
UV index in Wegeda in November
Clear-sky midday UV in November peaks around 10 (very high — sun protection essential). The full-year curve, shaded by WHO exposure level, is below.
Under clear skies, the midday UV index in Wegeda peaks around March 22 at about 15 (extreme) — sunscreen, a hat and midday shade are essential. It bottoms out near December 12 at about 10 (extreme).
The index reaches 3 or more — the level where the WHO recommends sun protection — every month of the year.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UV index (midday) | 12 | 13 | 15 | 15 | 13 | 13 | 12 | 14 | 13 | 13 | 10 | 10 |
| Level | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Very high |
| UV index (midday) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 12 | Extreme |
| Feb | 13 | Extreme |
| Mar | 15 | Extreme |
| Apr | 15 | Extreme |
| May | 13 | Extreme |
| Jun | 13 | Extreme |
| Jul | 12 | Extreme |
| Aug | 14 | Extreme |
| Sep | 13 | Extreme |
| Oct | 13 | Extreme |
| Nov | 10 | Extreme |
| Dec | 10 | Very high |
Air quality in Wegeda in November
Average fine-particle pollution (PM2.5) through the year — so you can see where November falls, not just the annual average.
Air quality in Wegeda is worst in January — around 45 µg/m³ PM2.5 (poor), and holds fairly steady the rest of the year.
Modeled monthly averages (CAMS reanalysis, 2015–2024).
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PM2.5 (µg/m³) | 45 | 42 | 39 | 36 | 35 | 39 | 30 | 31 | 43 | 44 | 42 | 44 |
| Level | Poor | Poor | Poor | Poor | Moderate | Poor | Moderate | Moderate | Poor | Poor | Poor | Poor |
| PM2.5 (µg/m³) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 45 | Poor |
| Feb | 42 | Poor |
| Mar | 39 | Poor |
| Apr | 36 | Poor |
| May | 35 | Moderate |
| Jun | 39 | Poor |
| Jul | 30 | Moderate |
| Aug | 31 | Moderate |
| Sep | 43 | Poor |
| Oct | 44 | Poor |
| Nov | 42 | Poor |
| Dec | 44 | Poor |
Where is Wegeda?
Wegeda sits at 11.2°N, 38.4°E, 2,368 m above sea level, in Ethiopia. The nearest listed city is Mertule Maryam, 44 km away.
Topography around Wegeda
How much the land rises and falls, and what covers it, within 3, 16 and 80 km of Wegeda.
Within 3 km, the terrain around Wegeda has large variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 804 m around an average of 2,183 m above sea level; within 16 km, very significant variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 1,325 m; within 80 km, extreme variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 2,991 m.
The land around Wegeda is covered by cropland (40%) and grassland (39%) within 3 km, grassland (40%), cropland (33%) and shrubs (23%) within 16 km, and cropland (56%) and grassland (27%) within 80 km.
Ethiopia travel facts
- Travel advisory
- Level 3
- Reconsider Travel
- Power plugs
- Type C / E / F / L
- 220 V · 50 Hz
- Prices
- ≈ 37% of US
- price level, 2025
- GDP per capita
- $933
- 2025
- Happiness
- 4.0 / 10
- World Happiness, 2025
- Safe drinking water
- 14%
- of population, 2024
- Homicide rate
- 8.5
- per 100k, 2012
- Road deaths
- 28.2
- per 100k/yr, 2019
- Income group
- Low
- World Bank
- English
- Low
- EF EPI 499
- Religion
Sources: World Bank, US State Department, World Happiness Report, WHO/UNICEF, EF EPI, CIA World Factbook.
Data sources
Temperature, precipitation, cloud, humidity, wind and solar figures are a 1991–2020 climatology for Wegeda (11.2157°, 38.3645°, elevation 2,368 m), computed from hourly ERA5 reanalysis — contains modified Copernicus Climate Change Service information. Sun figures are astronomical calculations, not observations. City data © GeoNames, CC BY 4.0. Map outlines from Natural Earth (public domain); interactive map © Google. UV index is derived from CAMS (Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service) clear-sky UV data — contains modified Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service information. Monthly air-quality (PM2.5) seasonality is from the CAMS EAC4 reanalysis (Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service), scaled to the WHO annual mean where available. Topography is sampled from the Copernicus DEM GLO-90 elevation model (© ESA/Airbus) and ESA WorldCover 2021 land cover (CC BY 4.0).