Lempäälä weather in March
In March, Lempäälä sees average daytime highs of 1°C and overnight lows near -6°C, with 31 mm of precipitation across 8.1 wet days and about 11.3 hours of daylight. It is the 9th-warmest and 11th-wettest month of the year here.
Highs climb over the month, from about -1°C in the first days to 4°C by the end. The sky is clear or mostly clear about 22% of the time in March, and the air most often feels dry.
Daylight stretches from about 9 h 48 min at the start of March to 12 h 48 min by month's end. Set against the rest of the year, March is Lempäälä's 6th-clearest and 6th-windiest month. For the whole year in context, see Lempäälä's year-round climate.
- Daytime high
- 1°
- 9th warmest
- Overnight low
- -6°
- 3rd coldest
- Precipitation
- 31 mm
- 8.1 wet days
- Daylight
- 11 h 18 min
- 6:56 AM – 6:13 PM
- Cloud cover
- 69%
- 6th clearest
- Wind
- 12 km/h
- 6th windiest
- Solar energy
- 2.17 kWh/m²
- Travel score
- 0.0
- out of 10
Temperature in March
Highs climb over the month, from about -1°C in the first days to 4°C by the end.
A typical March day in Lempäälä reaches about 1°C in the afternoon and slips back to -6°C overnight — a 7°C spread between the day's warmth and the night's chill. On most days the high lands between -3°C and 6°C. Set against its neighbours, March runs about 4°C warmer than February and about 6°C cooler than April.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Avg high (°C) | -1 | -1 | -1 | -1 | -1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 |
| Avg low (°C) | -7 | -7 | -7 | -7 | -7 | -7 | -7 | -6 | -6 | -6 | -6 | -6 | -6 | -6 | -6 | -6 | -5 | -5 | -5 | -5 | -5 | -5 | -5 | -5 | -4 | -4 | -4 | -4 | -4 | -3 | -3 |
| Avg high (°C) | Avg low (°C) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | -1 | -7 |
| 2 | -1 | -7 |
| 3 | -1 | -7 |
| 4 | -1 | -7 |
| 5 | -1 | -7 |
| 6 | 0 | -7 |
| 7 | 0 | -7 |
| 8 | 0 | -6 |
| 9 | 0 | -6 |
| 10 | 0 | -6 |
| 11 | 1 | -6 |
| 12 | 1 | -6 |
| 13 | 1 | -6 |
| 14 | 1 | -6 |
| 15 | 1 | -6 |
| 16 | 1 | -6 |
| 17 | 2 | -5 |
| 18 | 2 | -5 |
| 19 | 2 | -5 |
| 20 | 2 | -5 |
| 21 | 2 | -5 |
| 22 | 2 | -5 |
| 23 | 3 | -5 |
| 24 | 3 | -5 |
| 25 | 3 | -4 |
| 26 | 3 | -4 |
| 27 | 3 | -4 |
| 28 | 4 | -4 |
| 29 | 4 | -4 |
| 30 | 4 | -3 |
| 31 | 4 | -3 |
How March really feels in Lempäälä
Once humidity and wind are folded in, March averages 0 days that feel above 32°C and 31 that feel at or below 0°C — the comfort signal a plain temperature reading hides.
The story in March is cold — wind chill drags the overnight "feels like" below the raw low.
Lempäälä weather by month
How March compares with the rest of the year at a glance. March is the 9th-warmest and 11th-wettest month here — the current month is highlighted below.
| Month | High / Low (°C) | Rainfall (mm) | Wet days | Snow days | Daylight (hours) | Travel score |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | -3° / -8° | 39 | 9.6 | 9.7 | 6 | 0.0 |
| Feb | -3° / -8° | 30 | 7.6 | 7.8 | 8.4 | 0.0 |
| Mar | 1° / -6° | 31 | 8.1 | 7.5 | 11.3 | 0.0 |
| Apr | 8° / -0° | 33 | 8.5 | 2.9 | 14.3 | 1.2 |
| May | 14° / 5° | 45 | 9.9 | 0.2 | 17.1 | 4.1 |
| Jun | 18° / 10° | 75 | 12.2 | 0 | 18.8 | 5.4 |
| Jul | 21° / 13° | 82 | 12.7 | 0 | 18.1 | 6.0 |
| Aug | 19° / 12° | 73 | 12.3 | 0 | 15.6 | 5.7 |
| Sep | 14° / 8° | 50 | 10 | 0 | 12.6 | 3.9 |
| Oct | 7° / 3° | 57 | 10.5 | 1.3 | 9.6 | 1.0 |
| Nov | 2° / -1° | 47 | 10.2 | 5.4 | 6.9 | 0.0 |
| Dec | -1° / -5° | 45 | 10.8 | 8.5 | 5.2 | 0.0 |
Cloud cover in March
The sky is clear or mostly clear about 22% of the time in March.
Beyond those clear spells, partly cloudy skies cover about 12% of March, with mostly cloudy or overcast conditions the remaining 66%. Skies tend to open up as the month goes on.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clearer (%) | 24 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 29 | 30 | 30 | 32 | 33 | 34 | 34 | 35 | 36 | 36 | 37 | 38 | 38 | 38 | 37 | 37 | 37 | 37 | 38 | 38 | 38 | 38 | 37 | 37 | 37 | 35 |
| Cloudier (%) | 76 | 76 | 75 | 74 | 73 | 71 | 70 | 70 | 68 | 67 | 66 | 66 | 65 | 64 | 64 | 63 | 62 | 62 | 62 | 63 | 63 | 63 | 63 | 62 | 62 | 62 | 62 | 63 | 63 | 63 | 65 |
| Clearer (%) | Cloudier (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 24 | 76 |
| 2 | 24 | 76 |
| 3 | 25 | 75 |
| 4 | 26 | 74 |
| 5 | 27 | 73 |
| 6 | 29 | 71 |
| 7 | 30 | 70 |
| 8 | 30 | 70 |
| 9 | 32 | 68 |
| 10 | 33 | 67 |
| 11 | 34 | 66 |
| 12 | 34 | 66 |
| 13 | 35 | 65 |
| 14 | 36 | 64 |
| 15 | 36 | 64 |
| 16 | 37 | 63 |
| 17 | 38 | 62 |
| 18 | 38 | 62 |
| 19 | 38 | 62 |
| 20 | 37 | 63 |
| 21 | 37 | 63 |
| 22 | 37 | 63 |
| 23 | 37 | 63 |
| 24 | 38 | 62 |
| 25 | 38 | 62 |
| 26 | 38 | 62 |
| 27 | 38 | 62 |
| 28 | 37 | 63 |
| 29 | 37 | 63 |
| 30 | 37 | 63 |
| 31 | 35 | 65 |
Chance of precipitation in March
Lempäälä gets around 31 mm of rain and snow over 8.1 wet days in March. The line is the day-by-day chance of measurable precipitation.
Day to day, the chance of measurable precipitation averages around 26% and peaks near 27% on the wettest days, and about 8 days bring snow.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rain chance (%) | 27 | 27 | 27 | 27 | 27 | 27 | 27 | 27 | 27 | 27 | 27 | 27 | 27 | 27 | 26 | 26 | 26 | 26 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 26 | 26 | 26 | 27 |
| Snow chance (%) | 27 | 27 | 27 | 27 | 27 | 27 | 27 | 26 | 26 | 26 | 26 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 24 | 24 | 23 | 23 | 23 | 22 | 22 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 20 | 20 | 19 | 18 | 18 | 17 |
| Rain chance (%) | Snow chance (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 27 | 27 |
| 2 | 27 | 27 |
| 3 | 27 | 27 |
| 4 | 27 | 27 |
| 5 | 27 | 27 |
| 6 | 27 | 27 |
| 7 | 27 | 27 |
| 8 | 27 | 26 |
| 9 | 27 | 26 |
| 10 | 27 | 26 |
| 11 | 27 | 26 |
| 12 | 27 | 25 |
| 13 | 27 | 25 |
| 14 | 27 | 25 |
| 15 | 26 | 25 |
| 16 | 26 | 24 |
| 17 | 26 | 24 |
| 18 | 26 | 23 |
| 19 | 25 | 23 |
| 20 | 25 | 23 |
| 21 | 25 | 22 |
| 22 | 25 | 22 |
| 23 | 25 | 21 |
| 24 | 25 | 21 |
| 25 | 25 | 21 |
| 26 | 25 | 20 |
| 27 | 25 | 20 |
| 28 | 26 | 19 |
| 29 | 26 | 18 |
| 30 | 26 | 18 |
| 31 | 27 | 17 |
Humidity in March
Most of March feels dry — the stacked bands show each day's mix of comfort levels, read off the dew point.
By dew point, March lands in the dry band about 100% of days. It rarely turns muggy — the humid and sticky bands barely register.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dry (%) | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
| Dry (%) | |
|---|---|
| 1 | 100 |
| 2 | 100 |
| 3 | 100 |
| 4 | 100 |
| 5 | 100 |
| 6 | 100 |
| 7 | 100 |
| 8 | 100 |
| 9 | 100 |
| 10 | 100 |
| 11 | 100 |
| 12 | 100 |
| 13 | 100 |
| 14 | 100 |
| 15 | 100 |
| 16 | 100 |
| 17 | 100 |
| 18 | 100 |
| 19 | 100 |
| 20 | 100 |
| 21 | 100 |
| 22 | 100 |
| 23 | 100 |
| 24 | 100 |
| 25 | 100 |
| 26 | 100 |
| 27 | 100 |
| 28 | 100 |
| 29 | 100 |
| 30 | 100 |
| 31 | 100 |
Wind in March
Winds average 12 km/h in March.
Across March, daily wind ranges from about 12 km/h on the calmest days to 13 km/h at its breeziest. It stays fairly steady from day to day.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wind speed (km/h) | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 |
| Feels | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze |
| Wind speed (km/h) | Feels | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 13 | light breeze |
| 2 | 13 | light breeze |
| 3 | 13 | light breeze |
| 4 | 13 | light breeze |
| 5 | 13 | light breeze |
| 6 | 13 | light breeze |
| 7 | 13 | light breeze |
| 8 | 13 | light breeze |
| 9 | 13 | light breeze |
| 10 | 13 | light breeze |
| 11 | 13 | light breeze |
| 12 | 13 | light breeze |
| 13 | 13 | light breeze |
| 14 | 13 | light breeze |
| 15 | 13 | light breeze |
| 16 | 13 | light breeze |
| 17 | 13 | light breeze |
| 18 | 12 | light breeze |
| 19 | 12 | light breeze |
| 20 | 12 | light breeze |
| 21 | 12 | light breeze |
| 22 | 12 | light breeze |
| 23 | 12 | light breeze |
| 24 | 12 | light breeze |
| 25 | 12 | light breeze |
| 26 | 12 | light breeze |
| 27 | 12 | light breeze |
| 28 | 12 | light breeze |
| 29 | 12 | light breeze |
| 30 | 12 | light breeze |
| 31 | 12 | light breeze |
Sunrise & sunset in March
Daylight runs from about 9 h 48 min at the start of March to 12 h 48 min by month's end. The lit band spans sunrise to sunset each day.
Days grow by about 180 minutes over March. Sunrise moves from 7:44 AM to 6:07 AM, and sunset from 5:33 PM to 6:53 PM.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Daylight (h) | 9.8 | 9.9 | 10.0 | 10.1 | 10.2 | 10.3 | 10.4 | 10.5 | 10.6 | 10.7 | 10.8 | 10.9 | 11.0 | 11.1 | 11.2 | 11.3 | 11.4 | 11.5 | 11.6 | 11.7 | 11.8 | 11.9 | 12.0 | 12.1 | 12.2 | 12.3 | 12.4 | 12.5 | 12.6 | 12.7 | 12.8 |
| Sunrise (AM) | 7:44 | 7:41 | 7:37 | 7:34 | 7:31 | 7:28 | 7:25 | 7:22 | 7:19 | 7:15 | 7:12 | 7:09 | 7:06 | 7:03 | 6:59 | 6:56 | 6:53 | 6:50 | 6:46 | 6:43 | 6:40 | 6:37 | 6:33 | 6:30 | 6:27 | 6:23 | 6:20 | 6:17 | 6:14 | 6:10 | 6:07 |
| Sunset (PM) | 5:33 | 5:36 | 5:38 | 5:41 | 5:44 | 5:46 | 5:49 | 5:52 | 5:55 | 5:57 | 6:00 | 6:03 | 6:05 | 6:08 | 6:11 | 6:13 | 6:16 | 6:19 | 6:21 | 6:24 | 6:27 | 6:29 | 6:32 | 6:34 | 6:37 | 6:40 | 6:42 | 6:45 | 6:48 | 6:50 | 6:53 |
| Daylight (h) | Sunrise (AM) | Sunset (PM) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 9.8 | 7:44 | 5:33 |
| 2 | 9.9 | 7:41 | 5:36 |
| 3 | 10.0 | 7:37 | 5:38 |
| 4 | 10.1 | 7:34 | 5:41 |
| 5 | 10.2 | 7:31 | 5:44 |
| 6 | 10.3 | 7:28 | 5:46 |
| 7 | 10.4 | 7:25 | 5:49 |
| 8 | 10.5 | 7:22 | 5:52 |
| 9 | 10.6 | 7:19 | 5:55 |
| 10 | 10.7 | 7:15 | 5:57 |
| 11 | 10.8 | 7:12 | 6:00 |
| 12 | 10.9 | 7:09 | 6:03 |
| 13 | 11.0 | 7:06 | 6:05 |
| 14 | 11.1 | 7:03 | 6:08 |
| 15 | 11.2 | 6:59 | 6:11 |
| 16 | 11.3 | 6:56 | 6:13 |
| 17 | 11.4 | 6:53 | 6:16 |
| 18 | 11.5 | 6:50 | 6:19 |
| 19 | 11.6 | 6:46 | 6:21 |
| 20 | 11.7 | 6:43 | 6:24 |
| 21 | 11.8 | 6:40 | 6:27 |
| 22 | 11.9 | 6:37 | 6:29 |
| 23 | 12.0 | 6:33 | 6:32 |
| 24 | 12.1 | 6:30 | 6:34 |
| 25 | 12.2 | 6:27 | 6:37 |
| 26 | 12.3 | 6:23 | 6:40 |
| 27 | 12.4 | 6:20 | 6:42 |
| 28 | 12.5 | 6:17 | 6:45 |
| 29 | 12.6 | 6:14 | 6:48 |
| 30 | 12.7 | 6:10 | 6:50 |
| 31 | 12.8 | 6:07 | 6:53 |
Solar energy in March
Average shortwave solar energy reaching the ground each day in March, about 2.17 kWh/m².
For context, solar energy here swings from a low near 0.12 kWh/m² to a high of 5.31 kWh/m² in June across the year — March's 2.17 kWh/m² falls in the middle.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | 1.3 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.6 | 1.6 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.8 | 1.9 | 1.9 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.1 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 2.4 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.6 | 2.6 | 2.7 | 2.7 | 2.8 | 2.8 | 2.9 | 2.9 | 3.0 |
| Level | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate |
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1.3 | Dim |
| 2 | 1.4 | Dim |
| 3 | 1.4 | Dim |
| 4 | 1.5 | Dim |
| 5 | 1.5 | Dim |
| 6 | 1.6 | Dim |
| 7 | 1.6 | Dim |
| 8 | 1.7 | Dim |
| 9 | 1.7 | Dim |
| 10 | 1.8 | Dim |
| 11 | 1.9 | Dim |
| 12 | 1.9 | Dim |
| 13 | 2.0 | Dim |
| 14 | 2.0 | Moderate |
| 15 | 2.1 | Moderate |
| 16 | 2.2 | Moderate |
| 17 | 2.2 | Moderate |
| 18 | 2.3 | Moderate |
| 19 | 2.3 | Moderate |
| 20 | 2.4 | Moderate |
| 21 | 2.5 | Moderate |
| 22 | 2.5 | Moderate |
| 23 | 2.6 | Moderate |
| 24 | 2.6 | Moderate |
| 25 | 2.7 | Moderate |
| 26 | 2.7 | Moderate |
| 27 | 2.8 | Moderate |
| 28 | 2.8 | Moderate |
| 29 | 2.9 | Moderate |
| 30 | 2.9 | Moderate |
| 31 | 3.0 | Moderate |
Is March a good time to visit Lempäälä?
Our two travel scores rate March for general sightseeing and for beach or pool weather — 0 (poor) to 10 (ideal).
March is a weaker month for outdoor sightseeing in Lempäälä.
What to pack for Lempäälä in March
From March's temperature range, rain chance, sun and wind — what's worth putting in the bag.
In March, Lempäälä sees daytime highs around 1°C and nights near -6°C. Pack a warm layer and a heavy coat. Worth having: rain gear. About 8 days see rain.
UV index in Lempäälä in March
Clear-sky midday UV in March peaks around 2. The full-year curve, shaded by WHO exposure level, is below.
Under clear skies, the midday UV index in Lempäälä peaks around June 17 at about 5 (moderate) — a little sun protection helps at midday. It bottoms out near December 19 at about 0 (low).
The index reaches 3 or more — the level where the WHO recommends sun protection — in 4 months of the year.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UV index (midday) | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| Level | Low | Low | Low | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Low | Low | Low |
| UV index (midday) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 0 | Low |
| Feb | 1 | Low |
| Mar | 2 | Low |
| Apr | 3 | Moderate |
| May | 4 | Moderate |
| Jun | 5 | Moderate |
| Jul | 4 | Moderate |
| Aug | 4 | Moderate |
| Sep | 2 | Moderate |
| Oct | 1 | Low |
| Nov | 0 | Low |
| Dec | 0 | Low |
Where is Lempäälä?
Lempäälä sits at 61.3°N, 23.8°E, 85 m above sea level, in Finland. The nearest listed city is Hervanta, 16 km away.
Topography around Lempäälä
How much the land rises and falls, and what covers it, within 3, 16 and 80 km of Lempäälä.
Within 3 km, the terrain around Lempäälä has only modest variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 60 m around an average of 88 m above sea level; within 16 km, only modest variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 119 m; within 80 km, only modest variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 200 m.
The land around Lempäälä is covered by trees (46%) and water (26%) within 3 km, trees (68%) within 16 km, and trees (73%) within 80 km.
Finland travel facts
- Travel advisory
- Level 1
- Exercise Normal Precautions
- Power plugs
- Type C / F
- 230 V · 50 Hz
- Prices
- ≈ 85% of US
- price level, 2025
- GDP per capita
- $56,149
- 2025
- Happiness
- 7.8 / 10
- World Happiness, 2025
- Safe drinking water
- 100%
- of population, 2024
- Homicide rate
- 1
- per 100k, 2023
- Road deaths
- 3.9
- per 100k/yr, 2019
- Income group
- High
- World Bank
- English
- Very high
- EF EPI 603
- Religion
Sources: World Bank, US State Department, World Happiness Report, WHO/UNICEF, EF EPI, CIA World Factbook.
Data sources
Temperature, precipitation, cloud, humidity, wind and solar figures are a 1991–2020 climatology for Lempäälä (61.3167°, 23.75°, elevation 85 m), computed from hourly ERA5 reanalysis — contains modified Copernicus Climate Change Service information. Sun figures are astronomical calculations, not observations. City data © GeoNames, CC BY 4.0. Map outlines from Natural Earth (public domain); interactive map © Google. UV index is derived from CAMS (Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service) clear-sky UV data — contains modified Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service information. Topography is sampled from the Copernicus DEM GLO-90 elevation model (© ESA/Airbus) and ESA WorldCover 2021 land cover (CC BY 4.0).