Achern weather in October
In October, Achern sees average daytime highs of 15°C and overnight lows near 8°C, with 75 mm of rain across 12 wet days and about 10.5 hours of daylight. It is the 7th-warmest and 6th-wettest month of the year here.
Highs ease over the month, from about 17°C in the first days to 13°C by the end. The sky is clear or mostly clear about 21% of the time in October, and the air most often feels dry.
Daylight stretches from about 11 h 24 min at the start of October to 9 h 42 min by month's end. Set against the rest of the year, October is Achern's 8th-clearest and 6th-windiest month. For the whole year in context, see Achern's year-round climate.
- Daytime high
- 15°
- 7th warmest
- Overnight low
- 8°
- 7th coldest
- Rainfall
- 75 mm
- 12 wet days
- Daylight
- 10 h 30 min
- 6:57 AM – 5:29 PM
- Cloud cover
- 67%
- 8th clearest
- Wind
- 10 km/h
- 6th windiest
- Solar energy
- 2.09 kWh/m²
- Travel score
- 4.3
- out of 10
Achern is human settlement in Germany.
Air quality: WHO Ambient Air Quality Database. Density & description: Wikidata (CC0), GeoNames.
Temperature in October
Highs ease over the month, from about 17°C in the first days to 13°C by the end.
A typical October day in Achern reaches about 15°C in the afternoon and slips back to 8°C overnight — a 7°C spread between the day's warmth and the night's chill. On most days the high lands between 10°C and 20°C. Set against its neighbours, October runs about 6°C cooler than September and about 6°C warmer than November.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Avg high (°C) | 18 | 18 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 |
| Avg low (°C) | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 |
| Avg high (°C) | Avg low (°C) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 18 | 10 |
| 2 | 18 | 10 |
| 3 | 17 | 10 |
| 4 | 17 | 10 |
| 5 | 17 | 10 |
| 6 | 17 | 9 |
| 7 | 17 | 9 |
| 8 | 16 | 9 |
| 9 | 16 | 9 |
| 10 | 16 | 9 |
| 11 | 16 | 9 |
| 12 | 16 | 8 |
| 13 | 16 | 8 |
| 14 | 15 | 8 |
| 15 | 15 | 8 |
| 16 | 15 | 8 |
| 17 | 15 | 8 |
| 18 | 15 | 7 |
| 19 | 14 | 7 |
| 20 | 14 | 7 |
| 21 | 14 | 7 |
| 22 | 14 | 7 |
| 23 | 14 | 7 |
| 24 | 14 | 7 |
| 25 | 14 | 7 |
| 26 | 13 | 7 |
| 27 | 13 | 6 |
| 28 | 13 | 6 |
| 29 | 13 | 6 |
| 30 | 13 | 6 |
| 31 | 13 | 6 |
How October really feels in Achern
Once humidity and wind are folded in, October averages 0 days that feel above 32°C and 0 that feel at or below 0°C — the comfort signal a plain temperature reading hides.
October sits comfortably in between — no days that feel dangerously hot or drop to a hard freeze once humidity and wind are folded in.
Achern weather by month
How October compares with the rest of the year at a glance. October is the 7th-warmest and 6th-wettest month here — the current month is highlighted below.
| Month | High / Low (°C) | Rainfall (mm) | Wet days | Snow days | Daylight (hours) | Travel score |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 5° / 0° | 83 | 13.7 | 3.1 | 8.5 | 0.0 |
| Feb | 7° / 1° | 69 | 11.6 | 2.8 | 9.8 | 0.6 |
| Mar | 11° / 3° | 76 | 12.7 | 1.3 | 11.6 | 2.6 |
| Apr | 16° / 6° | 54 | 10.5 | 0.1 | 13.4 | 4.8 |
| May | 20° / 10° | 77 | 12.4 | 0 | 15 | 5.8 |
| Jun | 23° / 14° | 67 | 11 | 0 | 15.8 | 6.6 |
| Jul | 25° / 16° | 67 | 10.6 | 0 | 15.5 | 6.8 |
| Aug | 25° / 15° | 61 | 9.9 | 0 | 14.2 | 6.9 |
| Sep | 21° / 12° | 66 | 9.8 | 0 | 12.4 | 6.3 |
| Oct | 15° / 8° | 75 | 12 | 0 | 10.5 | 4.3 |
| Nov | 9° / 4° | 82 | 12.3 | 0.9 | 9 | 1.7 |
| Dec | 6° / 1° | 100 | 15.3 | 3 | 8.1 | 0.3 |
Cloud cover in October
The sky is clear or mostly clear about 21% of the time in October.
Beyond those clear spells, partly cloudy skies cover about 14% of October, with mostly cloudy or overcast conditions the remaining 65%.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clearer (%) | 35 | 34 | 33 | 33 | 33 | 33 | 32 | 32 | 33 | 34 | 34 | 35 | 36 | 37 | 37 | 37 | 37 | 37 | 36 | 36 | 36 | 35 | 35 | 35 | 34 | 34 | 34 | 34 | 34 | 34 | 34 |
| Cloudier (%) | 65 | 66 | 67 | 67 | 67 | 67 | 68 | 68 | 67 | 66 | 66 | 65 | 64 | 63 | 63 | 63 | 63 | 63 | 64 | 64 | 64 | 65 | 65 | 65 | 66 | 66 | 66 | 66 | 66 | 66 | 66 |
| Clearer (%) | Cloudier (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 35 | 65 |
| 2 | 34 | 66 |
| 3 | 33 | 67 |
| 4 | 33 | 67 |
| 5 | 33 | 67 |
| 6 | 33 | 67 |
| 7 | 32 | 68 |
| 8 | 32 | 68 |
| 9 | 33 | 67 |
| 10 | 34 | 66 |
| 11 | 34 | 66 |
| 12 | 35 | 65 |
| 13 | 36 | 64 |
| 14 | 37 | 63 |
| 15 | 37 | 63 |
| 16 | 37 | 63 |
| 17 | 37 | 63 |
| 18 | 37 | 63 |
| 19 | 36 | 64 |
| 20 | 36 | 64 |
| 21 | 36 | 64 |
| 22 | 35 | 65 |
| 23 | 35 | 65 |
| 24 | 35 | 65 |
| 25 | 34 | 66 |
| 26 | 34 | 66 |
| 27 | 34 | 66 |
| 28 | 34 | 66 |
| 29 | 34 | 66 |
| 30 | 34 | 66 |
| 31 | 34 | 66 |
Chance of precipitation in October
Achern gets around 75 mm of rain over 12 wet days in October. The line is the day-by-day chance of measurable precipitation.
Day to day, the chance of measurable rain averages around 38% and peaks near 43% on the wettest days.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rain chance (%) | 42 | 42 | 43 | 43 | 42 | 42 | 42 | 41 | 40 | 39 | 38 | 38 | 37 | 36 | 35 | 35 | 35 | 35 | 35 | 35 | 35 | 35 | 36 | 36 | 37 | 37 | 37 | 38 | 38 | 38 | 39 |
| Rain chance (%) | |
|---|---|
| 1 | 42 |
| 2 | 42 |
| 3 | 43 |
| 4 | 43 |
| 5 | 42 |
| 6 | 42 |
| 7 | 42 |
| 8 | 41 |
| 9 | 40 |
| 10 | 39 |
| 11 | 38 |
| 12 | 38 |
| 13 | 37 |
| 14 | 36 |
| 15 | 35 |
| 16 | 35 |
| 17 | 35 |
| 18 | 35 |
| 19 | 35 |
| 20 | 35 |
| 21 | 35 |
| 22 | 35 |
| 23 | 36 |
| 24 | 36 |
| 25 | 37 |
| 26 | 37 |
| 27 | 37 |
| 28 | 38 |
| 29 | 38 |
| 30 | 38 |
| 31 | 39 |
Humidity in October
Most of October feels dry — the stacked bands show each day's mix of comfort levels, read off the dew point.
By dew point, October lands in the dry band about 92% of days. It rarely turns muggy — the humid and sticky bands barely register.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dry (%) | 83 | 84 | 84 | 85 | 86 | 86 | 87 | 88 | 89 | 90 | 90 | 91 | 92 | 93 | 93 | 94 | 94 | 95 | 95 | 96 | 96 | 96 | 97 | 97 | 97 | 97 | 97 | 98 | 98 | 98 | 98 |
| Comfortable (%) | 17 | 16 | 16 | 15 | 14 | 14 | 13 | 12 | 11 | 10 | 10 | 9 | 8 | 7 | 7 | 6 | 6 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 |
| Dry (%) | Comfortable (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 83 | 17 |
| 2 | 84 | 16 |
| 3 | 84 | 16 |
| 4 | 85 | 15 |
| 5 | 86 | 14 |
| 6 | 86 | 14 |
| 7 | 87 | 13 |
| 8 | 88 | 12 |
| 9 | 89 | 11 |
| 10 | 90 | 10 |
| 11 | 90 | 10 |
| 12 | 91 | 9 |
| 13 | 92 | 8 |
| 14 | 93 | 7 |
| 15 | 93 | 7 |
| 16 | 94 | 6 |
| 17 | 94 | 6 |
| 18 | 95 | 5 |
| 19 | 95 | 5 |
| 20 | 96 | 4 |
| 21 | 96 | 4 |
| 22 | 96 | 4 |
| 23 | 97 | 3 |
| 24 | 97 | 3 |
| 25 | 97 | 3 |
| 26 | 97 | 3 |
| 27 | 97 | 3 |
| 28 | 98 | 2 |
| 29 | 98 | 2 |
| 30 | 98 | 2 |
| 31 | 98 | 2 |
Wind in October
Winds average 10 km/h in October.
Across October, daily wind ranges from about 9 km/h on the calmest days to 10 km/h at its breeziest. It stays fairly steady from day to day.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wind speed (km/h) | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 |
| Feels | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm |
| Wind speed (km/h) | Feels | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 9 | calm |
| 2 | 9 | calm |
| 3 | 9 | calm |
| 4 | 9 | calm |
| 5 | 9 | calm |
| 6 | 9 | calm |
| 7 | 9 | calm |
| 8 | 9 | calm |
| 9 | 9 | calm |
| 10 | 9 | calm |
| 11 | 10 | calm |
| 12 | 10 | calm |
| 13 | 10 | calm |
| 14 | 10 | calm |
| 15 | 10 | calm |
| 16 | 10 | calm |
| 17 | 10 | calm |
| 18 | 10 | calm |
| 19 | 10 | calm |
| 20 | 10 | calm |
| 21 | 10 | calm |
| 22 | 10 | calm |
| 23 | 10 | calm |
| 24 | 10 | calm |
| 25 | 10 | calm |
| 26 | 10 | calm |
| 27 | 10 | calm |
| 28 | 10 | calm |
| 29 | 10 | calm |
| 30 | 10 | calm |
| 31 | 10 | calm |
Sunrise & sunset in October
Daylight runs from about 11 h 24 min at the start of October to 9 h 42 min by month's end. The lit band spans sunrise to sunset each day.
Days shrink by about 102 minutes over October. Sunrise moves from 6:34 AM to 7:20 AM, and sunset from 6:00 PM to 5:02 PM.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Daylight (h) | 11.4 | 11.4 | 11.3 | 11.3 | 11.2 | 11.1 | 11.1 | 11.0 | 11.0 | 10.9 | 10.8 | 10.8 | 10.7 | 10.7 | 10.6 | 10.5 | 10.5 | 10.4 | 10.4 | 10.3 | 10.2 | 10.2 | 10.1 | 10.1 | 10.0 | 10.0 | 9.9 | 9.9 | 9.8 | 9.7 | 9.7 |
| Sunrise (AM) | 6:34 | 6:35 | 6:37 | 6:38 | 6:40 | 6:41 | 6:43 | 6:44 | 6:46 | 6:47 | 6:49 | 6:50 | 6:52 | 6:53 | 6:55 | 6:57 | 6:58 | 7:00 | 7:01 | 7:03 | 7:04 | 7:06 | 7:08 | 7:09 | 7:11 | 7:12 | 7:14 | 7:16 | 7:17 | 7:19 | 7:20 |
| Sunset (PM) | 6:00 | 5:58 | 5:55 | 5:53 | 5:51 | 5:49 | 5:47 | 5:45 | 5:43 | 5:41 | 5:39 | 5:37 | 5:35 | 5:33 | 5:31 | 5:29 | 5:27 | 5:25 | 5:23 | 5:21 | 5:19 | 5:18 | 5:16 | 5:14 | 5:12 | 5:10 | 5:09 | 5:07 | 5:05 | 5:04 | 5:02 |
| Daylight (h) | Sunrise (AM) | Sunset (PM) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 11.4 | 6:34 | 6:00 |
| 2 | 11.4 | 6:35 | 5:58 |
| 3 | 11.3 | 6:37 | 5:55 |
| 4 | 11.3 | 6:38 | 5:53 |
| 5 | 11.2 | 6:40 | 5:51 |
| 6 | 11.1 | 6:41 | 5:49 |
| 7 | 11.1 | 6:43 | 5:47 |
| 8 | 11.0 | 6:44 | 5:45 |
| 9 | 11.0 | 6:46 | 5:43 |
| 10 | 10.9 | 6:47 | 5:41 |
| 11 | 10.8 | 6:49 | 5:39 |
| 12 | 10.8 | 6:50 | 5:37 |
| 13 | 10.7 | 6:52 | 5:35 |
| 14 | 10.7 | 6:53 | 5:33 |
| 15 | 10.6 | 6:55 | 5:31 |
| 16 | 10.5 | 6:57 | 5:29 |
| 17 | 10.5 | 6:58 | 5:27 |
| 18 | 10.4 | 7:00 | 5:25 |
| 19 | 10.4 | 7:01 | 5:23 |
| 20 | 10.3 | 7:03 | 5:21 |
| 21 | 10.2 | 7:04 | 5:19 |
| 22 | 10.2 | 7:06 | 5:18 |
| 23 | 10.1 | 7:08 | 5:16 |
| 24 | 10.1 | 7:09 | 5:14 |
| 25 | 10.0 | 7:11 | 5:12 |
| 26 | 10.0 | 7:12 | 5:10 |
| 27 | 9.9 | 7:14 | 5:09 |
| 28 | 9.9 | 7:16 | 5:07 |
| 29 | 9.8 | 7:17 | 5:05 |
| 30 | 9.7 | 7:19 | 5:04 |
| 31 | 9.7 | 7:20 | 5:02 |
Solar energy in October
Average shortwave solar energy reaching the ground each day in October, about 2.09 kWh/m².
For context, solar energy here swings from a low near 0.8 kWh/m² to a high of 5.68 kWh/m² in June across the year — October's 2.09 kWh/m² falls in the middle.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | 2.6 | 2.6 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 1.9 | 1.9 | 1.9 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.6 | 1.6 |
| Level | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim |
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2.6 | Moderate |
| 2 | 2.6 | Moderate |
| 3 | 2.5 | Moderate |
| 4 | 2.5 | Moderate |
| 5 | 2.5 | Moderate |
| 6 | 2.4 | Moderate |
| 7 | 2.4 | Moderate |
| 8 | 2.4 | Moderate |
| 9 | 2.3 | Moderate |
| 10 | 2.3 | Moderate |
| 11 | 2.3 | Moderate |
| 12 | 2.2 | Moderate |
| 13 | 2.2 | Moderate |
| 14 | 2.2 | Moderate |
| 15 | 2.1 | Moderate |
| 16 | 2.1 | Moderate |
| 17 | 2.1 | Moderate |
| 18 | 2.1 | Moderate |
| 19 | 2.0 | Moderate |
| 20 | 2.0 | Moderate |
| 21 | 2.0 | Dim |
| 22 | 1.9 | Dim |
| 23 | 1.9 | Dim |
| 24 | 1.9 | Dim |
| 25 | 1.8 | Dim |
| 26 | 1.8 | Dim |
| 27 | 1.8 | Dim |
| 28 | 1.7 | Dim |
| 29 | 1.7 | Dim |
| 30 | 1.6 | Dim |
| 31 | 1.6 | Dim |
Is October a good time to visit Achern?
Our two travel scores rate October for general sightseeing and for beach or pool weather — 0 (poor) to 10 (ideal).
October is a reasonable time to visit Achern for sightseeing.
What to pack for Achern in October
From October's temperature range, rain chance, sun and wind — what's worth putting in the bag.
In October, Achern sees daytime highs around 15°C and nights near 8°C. Worth packing: a warm layer and rain gear. About 12 days see rain.
UV index in Achern in October
Clear-sky midday UV in October peaks around 3. The full-year curve, shaded by WHO exposure level, is below.
Under clear skies, the midday UV index in Achern peaks around July 15 at about 8 (very high) — sunscreen and a hat are worth it in the middle of the day. It bottoms out near January 1 at about 1 (low).
The index reaches 3 or more — the level where the WHO recommends sun protection — in 7 months of the year.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UV index (midday) | 1 | 2 | 4 | 4 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 6 | 4 | 3 | 1 | 1 |
| Level | Low | Low | Moderate | Moderate | High | High | Very high | High | Moderate | Moderate | Low | Low |
| UV index (midday) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 1 | Low |
| Feb | 2 | Low |
| Mar | 4 | Moderate |
| Apr | 4 | Moderate |
| May | 6 | High |
| Jun | 7 | High |
| Jul | 8 | Very high |
| Aug | 6 | High |
| Sep | 4 | Moderate |
| Oct | 3 | Moderate |
| Nov | 1 | Low |
| Dec | 1 | Low |
Where is Achern?
Achern sits at 48.6°N, 8.1°E, 145 m above sea level, in Germany. The nearest listed city is Bühl, 8.0 km away.
Topography around Achern
How much the land rises and falls, and what covers it, within 3, 16 and 80 km of Achern.
Within 3 km, the terrain around Achern has only modest variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 197 m around an average of 159 m above sea level; within 16 km, large variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 1,043 m; within 80 km, large variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 1,178 m.
The land around Achern is covered by trees (43%), grassland (23%) and artificial surfaces (21%) within 3 km, trees (54%) within 16 km, and trees (55%) and cropland (20%) within 80 km.
Germany travel facts
- Travel advisory
- Level 2
- Exercise Increased Caution
- Power plugs
- Type C / F
- 230 V · 50 Hz
- Prices
- ≈ 80% of US
- price level, 2025
- GDP per capita
- $60,496
- 2025
- Happiness
- 6.9 / 10
- World Happiness, 2025
- Safe drinking water
- 100%
- of population, 2024
- Homicide rate
- 0.9
- per 100k, 2023
- Road deaths
- 3.8
- per 100k/yr, 2019
- Income group
- High
- World Bank
- English
- Very high
- EF EPI 615
- Religion
Sources: World Bank, US State Department, World Happiness Report, WHO/UNICEF, EF EPI, CIA World Factbook.
Data sources
Temperature, precipitation, cloud, humidity, wind and solar figures are a 1991–2020 climatology for Achern (48.6311°, 8.0761°, elevation 145 m), computed from hourly ERA5 reanalysis — contains modified Copernicus Climate Change Service information. Sun figures are astronomical calculations, not observations. City data © GeoNames, CC BY 4.0. Map outlines from Natural Earth (public domain); interactive map © Google. UV index is derived from CAMS (Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service) clear-sky UV data — contains modified Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service information. Topography is sampled from the Copernicus DEM GLO-90 elevation model (© ESA/Airbus) and ESA WorldCover 2021 land cover (CC BY 4.0).