Kavala weather in February
In February, Kavala sees average daytime highs of 9°C and overnight lows near 4°C, with 72 mm of precipitation across 8.7 wet days and about 10.4 hours of daylight. It is the 11th-warmest and 5th-wettest month of the year here.
Highs climb over the month, from about 8°C in the first days to 10°C by the end. The sky is clear or mostly clear about 33% of the time in February, and the air most often feels dry.
Daylight stretches from about 9 h 48 min at the start of February to 10 h 54 min by month's end. Set against the rest of the year, February is Kavala's 11th-clearest and 1st-windiest month. For the whole year in context, see Kavala's year-round climate.
- Daytime high
- 9°
- 11th warmest
- Overnight low
- 4°
- 2nd coldest
- Precipitation
- 72 mm
- 8.7 wet days
- Daylight
- 10 h 24 min
- 7:26 AM – 5:48 PM
- Cloud cover
- 59%
- 11th clearest
- Wind
- 9 km/h
- 1st windiest
- Solar energy
- 2.73 kWh/m²
- Travel score
- 1.9
- out of 10
Kavala is city in northern Greece, the principal seaport of eastern Macedonia and the capital of Kavala regional unit.
- Density
- 480/km²
- people per km²
Air quality: WHO Ambient Air Quality Database. Density & description: Wikidata (CC0), GeoNames.
Temperature in February
Highs climb over the month, from about 8°C in the first days to 10°C by the end.
A typical February day in Kavala reaches about 9°C in the afternoon and slips back to 4°C overnight — a 5°C spread between the day's warmth and the night's chill. On most days the high lands between 4°C and 13°C. Set against its neighbours, February runs about 1°C warmer than January and about 2°C cooler than March.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Avg high (°C) | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 |
| Avg low (°C) | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 |
| Avg high (°C) | Avg low (°C) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 8 | 4 |
| 2 | 8 | 4 |
| 3 | 8 | 4 |
| 4 | 8 | 4 |
| 5 | 9 | 4 |
| 6 | 9 | 4 |
| 7 | 9 | 4 |
| 8 | 9 | 4 |
| 9 | 9 | 4 |
| 10 | 9 | 4 |
| 11 | 9 | 4 |
| 12 | 9 | 4 |
| 13 | 9 | 4 |
| 14 | 9 | 4 |
| 15 | 9 | 4 |
| 16 | 9 | 4 |
| 17 | 9 | 4 |
| 18 | 9 | 4 |
| 19 | 9 | 4 |
| 20 | 9 | 4 |
| 21 | 9 | 5 |
| 22 | 10 | 5 |
| 23 | 10 | 5 |
| 24 | 10 | 5 |
| 25 | 10 | 5 |
| 26 | 10 | 5 |
| 27 | 10 | 5 |
| 28 | 10 | 5 |
Kavala weather by month
How February compares with the rest of the year at a glance. February is the 11th-warmest and 5th-wettest month here — the current month is highlighted below.
| Month | High / Low (°C) | Rainfall (mm) | Wet days | Snow days | Daylight (hours) | Travel score |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 8° / 4° | 83 | 9.2 | 2 | 9.4 | 1.5 |
| Feb | 9° / 4° | 72 | 8.7 | 1.7 | 10.4 | 1.9 |
| Mar | 11° / 6° | 78 | 10.5 | 1.2 | 11.7 | 2.9 |
| Apr | 15° / 10° | 55 | 8.9 | 0.1 | 13.1 | 4.7 |
| May | 20° / 14° | 51 | 9 | 0 | 14.3 | 6.6 |
| Jun | 24° / 18° | 37 | 7 | 0 | 14.9 | 7.7 |
| Jul | 27° / 21° | 26 | 5.1 | 0 | 14.6 | 7.9 |
| Aug | 27° / 21° | 18 | 3.8 | 0 | 13.6 | 8.0 |
| Sep | 23° / 18° | 38 | 5.9 | 0 | 12.3 | 7.9 |
| Oct | 19° / 13° | 64 | 7.2 | 0 | 10.9 | 6.5 |
| Nov | 14° / 9° | 101 | 9 | 0.2 | 9.7 | 4.1 |
| Dec | 9° / 5° | 118 | 10 | 1.4 | 9.1 | 2.0 |
Cloud cover in February
The sky is clear or mostly clear about 33% of the time in February.
Beyond those clear spells, partly cloudy skies cover about 13% of February, with mostly cloudy or overcast conditions the remaining 54%.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clearer (%) | 45 | 45 | 46 | 46 | 46 | 46 | 45 | 45 | 45 | 45 | 44 | 46 | 45 | 45 | 45 | 44 | 45 | 46 | 45 | 45 | 46 | 46 | 46 | 47 | 47 | 47 | 48 | 48 |
| Cloudier (%) | 55 | 55 | 54 | 54 | 54 | 54 | 55 | 55 | 55 | 55 | 56 | 54 | 55 | 55 | 55 | 56 | 55 | 54 | 55 | 55 | 54 | 54 | 54 | 53 | 53 | 53 | 52 | 52 |
| Clearer (%) | Cloudier (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 45 | 55 |
| 2 | 45 | 55 |
| 3 | 46 | 54 |
| 4 | 46 | 54 |
| 5 | 46 | 54 |
| 6 | 46 | 54 |
| 7 | 45 | 55 |
| 8 | 45 | 55 |
| 9 | 45 | 55 |
| 10 | 45 | 55 |
| 11 | 44 | 56 |
| 12 | 46 | 54 |
| 13 | 45 | 55 |
| 14 | 45 | 55 |
| 15 | 45 | 55 |
| 16 | 44 | 56 |
| 17 | 45 | 55 |
| 18 | 46 | 54 |
| 19 | 45 | 55 |
| 20 | 45 | 55 |
| 21 | 46 | 54 |
| 22 | 46 | 54 |
| 23 | 46 | 54 |
| 24 | 47 | 53 |
| 25 | 47 | 53 |
| 26 | 47 | 53 |
| 27 | 48 | 52 |
| 28 | 48 | 52 |
Chance of precipitation in February
Kavala gets around 72 mm of rain and snow over 8.7 wet days in February. The line is the day-by-day chance of measurable precipitation.
Day to day, the chance of measurable precipitation averages around 31% and peaks near 34% on the wettest days, and about 2 days bring snow.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rain chance (%) | 32 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 32 | 32 | 33 | 33 | 34 |
| Snow chance (%) | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 5 |
| Rain chance (%) | Snow chance (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 32 | 8 |
| 2 | 31 | 8 |
| 3 | 31 | 8 |
| 4 | 31 | 8 |
| 5 | 31 | 8 |
| 6 | 31 | 8 |
| 7 | 31 | 8 |
| 8 | 31 | 7 |
| 9 | 31 | 7 |
| 10 | 31 | 7 |
| 11 | 31 | 6 |
| 12 | 31 | 6 |
| 13 | 31 | 6 |
| 14 | 31 | 5 |
| 15 | 31 | 5 |
| 16 | 31 | 5 |
| 17 | 31 | 5 |
| 18 | 31 | 4 |
| 19 | 31 | 4 |
| 20 | 31 | 4 |
| 21 | 31 | 4 |
| 22 | 31 | 4 |
| 23 | 31 | 4 |
| 24 | 32 | 4 |
| 25 | 32 | 4 |
| 26 | 33 | 5 |
| 27 | 33 | 5 |
| 28 | 34 | 5 |
Humidity in February
Most of February feels dry — the stacked bands show each day's mix of comfort levels, read off the dew point.
By dew point, February lands in the dry band about 100% of days. It rarely turns muggy — the humid and sticky bands barely register.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dry (%) | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
| Dry (%) | |
|---|---|
| 1 | 100 |
| 2 | 100 |
| 3 | 100 |
| 4 | 100 |
| 5 | 100 |
| 6 | 100 |
| 7 | 100 |
| 8 | 100 |
| 9 | 100 |
| 10 | 100 |
| 11 | 100 |
| 12 | 100 |
| 13 | 100 |
| 14 | 100 |
| 15 | 100 |
| 16 | 100 |
| 17 | 100 |
| 18 | 100 |
| 19 | 100 |
| 20 | 100 |
| 21 | 100 |
| 22 | 100 |
| 23 | 100 |
| 24 | 100 |
| 25 | 100 |
| 26 | 100 |
| 27 | 100 |
| 28 | 100 |
Wind in February
Winds average 9 km/h in February, the windiest month of the year.
Across February, daily wind ranges from about 9 km/h on the calmest days to 9 km/h at its breeziest. It stays fairly steady from day to day.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wind speed (km/h) | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 |
| Feels | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm |
| Wind speed (km/h) | Feels | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 9 | calm |
| 2 | 9 | calm |
| 3 | 9 | calm |
| 4 | 9 | calm |
| 5 | 9 | calm |
| 6 | 9 | calm |
| 7 | 9 | calm |
| 8 | 9 | calm |
| 9 | 9 | calm |
| 10 | 9 | calm |
| 11 | 9 | calm |
| 12 | 9 | calm |
| 13 | 9 | calm |
| 14 | 9 | calm |
| 15 | 9 | calm |
| 16 | 9 | calm |
| 17 | 9 | calm |
| 18 | 9 | calm |
| 19 | 9 | calm |
| 20 | 9 | calm |
| 21 | 9 | calm |
| 22 | 9 | calm |
| 23 | 9 | calm |
| 24 | 9 | calm |
| 25 | 9 | calm |
| 26 | 9 | calm |
| 27 | 9 | calm |
| 28 | 9 | calm |
Sunrise & sunset in February
Daylight runs from about 9 h 48 min at the start of February to 10 h 54 min by month's end. The lit band spans sunrise to sunset each day.
Days grow by about 66 minutes over February. Sunrise moves from 7:41 AM to 7:08 AM, and sunset from 5:31 PM to 6:04 PM.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Daylight (h) | 9.8 | 9.9 | 9.9 | 9.9 | 10.0 | 10.0 | 10.1 | 10.1 | 10.1 | 10.2 | 10.2 | 10.3 | 10.3 | 10.3 | 10.4 | 10.4 | 10.5 | 10.5 | 10.5 | 10.6 | 10.6 | 10.7 | 10.7 | 10.8 | 10.8 | 10.8 | 10.9 | 10.9 |
| Sunrise (AM) | 7:41 | 7:40 | 7:39 | 7:38 | 7:37 | 7:36 | 7:35 | 7:34 | 7:33 | 7:32 | 7:31 | 7:29 | 7:28 | 7:27 | 7:26 | 7:25 | 7:23 | 7:22 | 7:21 | 7:19 | 7:18 | 7:17 | 7:15 | 7:14 | 7:12 | 7:11 | 7:09 | 7:08 |
| Sunset (PM) | 5:31 | 5:32 | 5:33 | 5:35 | 5:36 | 5:37 | 5:38 | 5:40 | 5:41 | 5:42 | 5:43 | 5:44 | 5:46 | 5:47 | 5:48 | 5:49 | 5:51 | 5:52 | 5:53 | 5:54 | 5:55 | 5:57 | 5:58 | 5:59 | 6:00 | 6:01 | 6:03 | 6:04 |
| Daylight (h) | Sunrise (AM) | Sunset (PM) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 9.8 | 7:41 | 5:31 |
| 2 | 9.9 | 7:40 | 5:32 |
| 3 | 9.9 | 7:39 | 5:33 |
| 4 | 9.9 | 7:38 | 5:35 |
| 5 | 10.0 | 7:37 | 5:36 |
| 6 | 10.0 | 7:36 | 5:37 |
| 7 | 10.1 | 7:35 | 5:38 |
| 8 | 10.1 | 7:34 | 5:40 |
| 9 | 10.1 | 7:33 | 5:41 |
| 10 | 10.2 | 7:32 | 5:42 |
| 11 | 10.2 | 7:31 | 5:43 |
| 12 | 10.3 | 7:29 | 5:44 |
| 13 | 10.3 | 7:28 | 5:46 |
| 14 | 10.3 | 7:27 | 5:47 |
| 15 | 10.4 | 7:26 | 5:48 |
| 16 | 10.4 | 7:25 | 5:49 |
| 17 | 10.5 | 7:23 | 5:51 |
| 18 | 10.5 | 7:22 | 5:52 |
| 19 | 10.5 | 7:21 | 5:53 |
| 20 | 10.6 | 7:19 | 5:54 |
| 21 | 10.6 | 7:18 | 5:55 |
| 22 | 10.7 | 7:17 | 5:57 |
| 23 | 10.7 | 7:15 | 5:58 |
| 24 | 10.8 | 7:14 | 5:59 |
| 25 | 10.8 | 7:12 | 6:00 |
| 26 | 10.8 | 7:11 | 6:01 |
| 27 | 10.9 | 7:09 | 6:03 |
| 28 | 10.9 | 7:08 | 6:04 |
Solar energy in February
Average shortwave solar energy reaching the ground each day in February, about 2.73 kWh/m².
For context, solar energy here swings from a low near 1.63 kWh/m² to a high of 6.71 kWh/m² in July across the year — February's 2.73 kWh/m² falls in the middle.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | 2.3 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.6 | 2.6 | 2.6 | 2.7 | 2.7 | 2.7 | 2.8 | 2.8 | 2.8 | 2.8 | 2.9 | 2.9 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3.1 | 3.1 | 3.2 | 3.2 | 3.3 |
| Level | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate |
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2.3 | Moderate |
| 2 | 2.4 | Moderate |
| 3 | 2.4 | Moderate |
| 4 | 2.4 | Moderate |
| 5 | 2.5 | Moderate |
| 6 | 2.5 | Moderate |
| 7 | 2.5 | Moderate |
| 8 | 2.5 | Moderate |
| 9 | 2.6 | Moderate |
| 10 | 2.6 | Moderate |
| 11 | 2.6 | Moderate |
| 12 | 2.7 | Moderate |
| 13 | 2.7 | Moderate |
| 14 | 2.7 | Moderate |
| 15 | 2.8 | Moderate |
| 16 | 2.8 | Moderate |
| 17 | 2.8 | Moderate |
| 18 | 2.8 | Moderate |
| 19 | 2.9 | Moderate |
| 20 | 2.9 | Moderate |
| 21 | 3.0 | Moderate |
| 22 | 3.0 | Moderate |
| 23 | 3.0 | Moderate |
| 24 | 3.1 | Moderate |
| 25 | 3.1 | Moderate |
| 26 | 3.2 | Moderate |
| 27 | 3.2 | Moderate |
| 28 | 3.3 | Moderate |
Hazard calendar for Kavala
In February, Kavala sits inside its rainy season season. The full year is below, with each hazard's peak months called out.
Kavala's rainy season runs October–April, when most of the year's rain falls.
Is February a good time to visit Kavala?
Our two travel scores rate February for general sightseeing and for beach or pool weather — 0 (poor) to 10 (ideal).
February is a weaker month for outdoor sightseeing in Kavala.
What to pack for Kavala in February
From February's temperature range, rain chance, sun and wind — what's worth putting in the bag.
In February, Kavala sees daytime highs around 9°C and nights near 4°C. Pack a warm layer. Worth having: rain gear. About 9 days see rain.
Sea temperature near Kavala in February
The nearest coast averages about 12°C in February — the other half of the beach question. The full-year curve and swim-comfort zones are below.
The sea offshore is warmest in August at about 26°C and coldest in February near 12°C.
It's comfortable for a long swim from May 28 to Oct 20 — about 4.8 months when the water holds above 20°C.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sea temperature (°C) | 13 | 12 | 12 | 14 | 19 | 23 | 25 | 26 | 24 | 21 | 17 | 15 |
| Comfort | Bracing | Bracing | Bracing | Bracing | Cool | Refreshing | Warm | Warm | Refreshing | Refreshing | Cool | Bracing |
| Sea temperature (°C) | Comfort | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 13 | Bracing |
| Feb | 12 | Bracing |
| Mar | 12 | Bracing |
| Apr | 14 | Bracing |
| May | 19 | Cool |
| Jun | 23 | Refreshing |
| Jul | 25 | Warm |
| Aug | 26 | Warm |
| Sep | 24 | Refreshing |
| Oct | 21 | Refreshing |
| Nov | 17 | Cool |
| Dec | 15 | Bracing |
UV index in Kavala in February
Clear-sky midday UV in February peaks around 2. The full-year curve, shaded by WHO exposure level, is below.
Under clear skies, the midday UV index in Kavala peaks around June 23 at about 9 (very high) — sunscreen, a hat and midday shade are essential. It bottoms out near December 22 at about 2 (low).
The index reaches 3 or more — the level where the WHO recommends sun protection — in 8 months of the year.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UV index (midday) | 2 | 2 | 4 | 7 | 7 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 6 | 4 | 2 | 2 |
| Level | Low | Moderate | Moderate | Very high | High | Very high | Very high | Very high | High | Moderate | Moderate | Low |
| UV index (midday) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 2 | Low |
| Feb | 2 | Moderate |
| Mar | 4 | Moderate |
| Apr | 7 | Very high |
| May | 7 | High |
| Jun | 9 | Very high |
| Jul | 9 | Very high |
| Aug | 9 | Very high |
| Sep | 6 | High |
| Oct | 4 | Moderate |
| Nov | 2 | Moderate |
| Dec | 2 | Low |
Where is Kavala?
Kavala sits at 40.9°N, 24.4°E, 34 m above sea level, in Greece. The nearest listed city is Dráma, 32 km away.
Topography around Kavala
How much the land rises and falls, and what covers it, within 3, 16 and 80 km of Kavala.
Within 3 km, the terrain around Kavala has significant variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 480 m around an average of 100 m above sea level; within 16 km, large variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 972 m; within 80 km, very significant variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 2,182 m.
The land around Kavala is covered by water (37%) and trees (32%) within 3 km, water (37%) and trees (29%) within 16 km, and trees (40%) and water (35%) within 80 km.
Greece travel facts
- Travel advisory
- Level 1
- Exercise Normal Precautions
- Power plugs
- Type C / F
- 230 V · 50 Hz
- Prices
- ≈ 60% of US
- price level, 2025
- GDP per capita
- $26,948
- 2025
- Happiness
- 5.7 / 10
- World Happiness, 2025
- Safe drinking water
- 97%
- of population, 2024
- Homicide rate
- 0.8
- per 100k, 2023
- Road deaths
- 8.3
- per 100k/yr, 2019
- Income group
- High
- World Bank
- English
- High
- EF EPI 592
- Religion
Sources: World Bank, US State Department, World Happiness Report, WHO/UNICEF, EF EPI, CIA World Factbook.
Data sources
Temperature, precipitation, cloud, humidity, wind and solar figures are a 1991–2020 climatology for Kavala (40.9396°, 24.4069°, elevation 34 m), computed from hourly ERA5 reanalysis — contains modified Copernicus Climate Change Service information. Sun figures are astronomical calculations, not observations. City data © GeoNames, CC BY 4.0. Map outlines from Natural Earth (public domain); interactive map © Google. Sea temperatures are the NOAA OISST v2.1 1991–2020 monthly climatology (public domain), sampled at the nearest ocean point. UV index is derived from CAMS (Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service) clear-sky UV data — contains modified Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service information. Topography is sampled from the Copernicus DEM GLO-90 elevation model (© ESA/Airbus) and ESA WorldCover 2021 land cover (CC BY 4.0).