Wamena weather in March
In March, Wamena sees average daytime highs of 21°C and overnight lows near 12°C, with 427 mm of rain across 30.3 wet days and about 12 hours of daylight. It is the 2nd-warmest and 1st-wettest month of the year here.
Day-to-day highs hold fairly steady near 21°C through the month. The sky is clear or mostly clear about 0% of the time in March, and the air most often feels comfortable.
Daylight stretches from about 12 h 06 min at the start of March to 12 hours by month's end. Set against the rest of the year, March is Wamena's 11th-clearest and 1st-windiest month. For the whole year in context, see Wamena's year-round climate.
- Daytime high
- 21°
- 2nd warmest
- Overnight low
- 12°
- 12th coldest
- Rainfall
- 427 mm
- 30.3 wet days
- Daylight
- 12 hours
- 5:53 AM – 5:55 PM
- Cloud cover
- 96%
- 11th clearest
- Wind
- 3 km/h
- 1st windiest
- Solar energy
- 4.16 kWh/m²
- Travel score
- 3.2
- out of 10
Temperature in March
Day-to-day highs hold fairly steady near 21°C through the month.
A typical March day in Wamena reaches about 21°C in the afternoon and slips back to 12°C overnight — a 9°C spread between the day's warmth and the night's chill. On most days the high lands between 19°C and 22°C. Set against its neighbours, March runs on par with February and on par with April.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Avg high (°C) | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 |
| Avg low (°C) | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 |
| Avg high (°C) | Avg low (°C) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 21 | 12 |
| 2 | 21 | 12 |
| 3 | 21 | 12 |
| 4 | 21 | 12 |
| 5 | 21 | 12 |
| 6 | 21 | 12 |
| 7 | 21 | 12 |
| 8 | 21 | 12 |
| 9 | 21 | 12 |
| 10 | 21 | 12 |
| 11 | 21 | 12 |
| 12 | 21 | 12 |
| 13 | 21 | 12 |
| 14 | 21 | 12 |
| 15 | 21 | 12 |
| 16 | 21 | 12 |
| 17 | 21 | 12 |
| 18 | 21 | 12 |
| 19 | 21 | 12 |
| 20 | 21 | 12 |
| 21 | 21 | 12 |
| 22 | 21 | 12 |
| 23 | 21 | 12 |
| 24 | 21 | 12 |
| 25 | 21 | 12 |
| 26 | 21 | 12 |
| 27 | 21 | 12 |
| 28 | 21 | 12 |
| 29 | 21 | 12 |
| 30 | 21 | 12 |
| 31 | 21 | 12 |
Wamena weather by month
How March compares with the rest of the year at a glance. March is the 2nd-warmest and 1st-wettest month here — the current month is highlighted below.
| Month | High / Low (°C) | Rainfall (mm) | Wet days | Daylight (hours) | Travel score |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 21° / 12° | 404 | 28.9 | 12.2 | 3.4 |
| Feb | 21° / 12° | 407 | 27.3 | 12.1 | 3.2 |
| Mar | 21° / 12° | 427 | 30.3 | 12 | 3.2 |
| Apr | 21° / 12° | 359 | 28.5 | 11.9 | 3.3 |
| May | 20° / 12° | 233 | 27.1 | 11.8 | 3.7 |
| Jun | 20° / 11° | 213 | 25.4 | 11.8 | 3.8 |
| Jul | 19° / 11° | 232 | 25.9 | 11.8 | 3.8 |
| Aug | 20° / 11° | 258 | 27.8 | 11.9 | 3.6 |
| Sep | 20° / 11° | 275 | 27.7 | 12 | 3.5 |
| Oct | 20° / 12° | 261 | 28.2 | 12.1 | 3.5 |
| Nov | 21° / 12° | 259 | 27.6 | 12.2 | 3.5 |
| Dec | 21° / 12° | 359 | 29.2 | 12.2 | 3.4 |
Cloud cover in March
The sky is clear or mostly clear about 0% of the time in March.
Beyond those clear spells, partly cloudy skies cover about 1% of March, with mostly cloudy or overcast conditions the remaining 99%.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clearer (%) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Cloudier (%) | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 99 | 99 | 99 | 99 | 99 | 99 | 99 | 99 | 99 | 99 | 99 | 99 | 99 | 99 | 99 | 99 | 99 | 99 | 99 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
| Clearer (%) | Cloudier (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 0 | 100 |
| 2 | 0 | 100 |
| 3 | 0 | 100 |
| 4 | 0 | 100 |
| 5 | 0 | 100 |
| 6 | 0 | 100 |
| 7 | 0 | 100 |
| 8 | 0 | 100 |
| 9 | 0 | 100 |
| 10 | 1 | 99 |
| 11 | 1 | 99 |
| 12 | 1 | 99 |
| 13 | 1 | 99 |
| 14 | 1 | 99 |
| 15 | 1 | 99 |
| 16 | 1 | 99 |
| 17 | 1 | 99 |
| 18 | 1 | 99 |
| 19 | 1 | 99 |
| 20 | 1 | 99 |
| 21 | 1 | 99 |
| 22 | 1 | 99 |
| 23 | 1 | 99 |
| 24 | 1 | 99 |
| 25 | 1 | 99 |
| 26 | 1 | 99 |
| 27 | 1 | 99 |
| 28 | 1 | 99 |
| 29 | 0 | 100 |
| 30 | 0 | 100 |
| 31 | 0 | 100 |
Chance of precipitation in March
Wamena gets around 427 mm of rain over 30.3 wet days in March, the wettest month. The line is the day-by-day chance of measurable precipitation.
Day to day, the chance of measurable rain averages around 98% and peaks near 99% on the wettest days.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rain chance (%) | 97 | 97 | 97 | 97 | 97 | 97 | 97 | 97 | 97 | 97 | 97 | 97 | 97 | 97 | 98 | 98 | 98 | 98 | 98 | 98 | 98 | 98 | 98 | 98 | 99 | 99 | 99 | 99 | 98 | 98 | 98 |
| Rain chance (%) | |
|---|---|
| 1 | 97 |
| 2 | 97 |
| 3 | 97 |
| 4 | 97 |
| 5 | 97 |
| 6 | 97 |
| 7 | 97 |
| 8 | 97 |
| 9 | 97 |
| 10 | 97 |
| 11 | 97 |
| 12 | 97 |
| 13 | 97 |
| 14 | 97 |
| 15 | 98 |
| 16 | 98 |
| 17 | 98 |
| 18 | 98 |
| 19 | 98 |
| 20 | 98 |
| 21 | 98 |
| 22 | 98 |
| 23 | 98 |
| 24 | 98 |
| 25 | 99 |
| 26 | 99 |
| 27 | 99 |
| 28 | 99 |
| 29 | 98 |
| 30 | 98 |
| 31 | 98 |
Humidity in March
Most of March feels comfortable — the stacked bands show each day's mix of comfort levels, read off the dew point.
By dew point, March lands in the comfortable band about 85% of days. It rarely turns muggy — the humid and sticky bands barely register.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dry (%) | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 16 | 16 | 15 | 15 | 14 | 13 | 13 | 12 | 12 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 11 | 11 | 11 |
| Comfortable (%) | 82 | 82 | 82 | 82 | 82 | 82 | 82 | 82 | 82 | 82 | 82 | 82 | 82 | 83 | 83 | 84 | 84 | 85 | 86 | 86 | 87 | 87 | 88 | 88 | 88 | 89 | 89 | 89 | 88 | 88 | 88 |
| Humid (%) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Dry (%) | Comfortable (%) | Humid (%) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 17 | 82 | 1 |
| 2 | 17 | 82 | 1 |
| 3 | 17 | 82 | 1 |
| 4 | 17 | 82 | 1 |
| 5 | 17 | 82 | 1 |
| 6 | 17 | 82 | 1 |
| 7 | 17 | 82 | 1 |
| 8 | 17 | 82 | 1 |
| 9 | 17 | 82 | 1 |
| 10 | 17 | 82 | 1 |
| 11 | 17 | 82 | 1 |
| 12 | 17 | 82 | 1 |
| 13 | 17 | 82 | 1 |
| 14 | 16 | 83 | 1 |
| 15 | 16 | 83 | 1 |
| 16 | 15 | 84 | 1 |
| 17 | 15 | 84 | 1 |
| 18 | 14 | 85 | 1 |
| 19 | 13 | 86 | 1 |
| 20 | 13 | 86 | 1 |
| 21 | 12 | 87 | 1 |
| 22 | 12 | 87 | 1 |
| 23 | 11 | 88 | 1 |
| 24 | 11 | 88 | 1 |
| 25 | 11 | 88 | 1 |
| 26 | 10 | 89 | 1 |
| 27 | 10 | 89 | 1 |
| 28 | 10 | 89 | 1 |
| 29 | 11 | 88 | 1 |
| 30 | 11 | 88 | 1 |
| 31 | 11 | 88 | 1 |
Wind in March
Winds average 3 km/h in March, the windiest month of the year.
Across March, daily wind ranges from about 3 km/h on the calmest days to 3 km/h at its breeziest. It stays fairly steady from day to day.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wind speed (km/h) | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 |
| Feels | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm |
| Wind speed (km/h) | Feels | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 3 | calm |
| 2 | 3 | calm |
| 3 | 3 | calm |
| 4 | 3 | calm |
| 5 | 3 | calm |
| 6 | 3 | calm |
| 7 | 3 | calm |
| 8 | 3 | calm |
| 9 | 3 | calm |
| 10 | 3 | calm |
| 11 | 3 | calm |
| 12 | 3 | calm |
| 13 | 3 | calm |
| 14 | 3 | calm |
| 15 | 3 | calm |
| 16 | 3 | calm |
| 17 | 3 | calm |
| 18 | 3 | calm |
| 19 | 3 | calm |
| 20 | 3 | calm |
| 21 | 3 | calm |
| 22 | 3 | calm |
| 23 | 3 | calm |
| 24 | 3 | calm |
| 25 | 3 | calm |
| 26 | 3 | calm |
| 27 | 3 | calm |
| 28 | 3 | calm |
| 29 | 3 | calm |
| 30 | 3 | calm |
| 31 | 3 | calm |
Sunrise & sunset in March
Daylight runs from about 12 h 06 min at the start of March to 12 hours by month's end. The lit band spans sunrise to sunset each day.
Days shrink by about 6 minutes over March. Sunrise moves from 5:55 AM to 5:50 AM, and sunset from 6:00 PM to 5:48 PM.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Daylight (h) | 12.1 | 12.1 | 12.1 | 12.1 | 12.1 | 12.1 | 12.1 | 12.1 | 12.1 | 12.1 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 |
| Sunrise (AM) | 5:55 | 5:55 | 5:55 | 5:55 | 5:55 | 5:54 | 5:54 | 5:54 | 5:54 | 5:54 | 5:54 | 5:54 | 5:54 | 5:53 | 5:53 | 5:53 | 5:53 | 5:53 | 5:52 | 5:52 | 5:52 | 5:52 | 5:52 | 5:52 | 5:51 | 5:51 | 5:51 | 5:51 | 5:50 | 5:50 | 5:50 |
| Sunset (PM) | 6:00 | 6:00 | 5:59 | 5:59 | 5:59 | 5:58 | 5:58 | 5:58 | 5:57 | 5:57 | 5:57 | 5:56 | 5:56 | 5:55 | 5:55 | 5:55 | 5:54 | 5:54 | 5:53 | 5:53 | 5:53 | 5:52 | 5:52 | 5:51 | 5:51 | 5:50 | 5:50 | 5:50 | 5:49 | 5:49 | 5:48 |
| Daylight (h) | Sunrise (AM) | Sunset (PM) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 12.1 | 5:55 | 6:00 |
| 2 | 12.1 | 5:55 | 6:00 |
| 3 | 12.1 | 5:55 | 5:59 |
| 4 | 12.1 | 5:55 | 5:59 |
| 5 | 12.1 | 5:55 | 5:59 |
| 6 | 12.1 | 5:54 | 5:58 |
| 7 | 12.1 | 5:54 | 5:58 |
| 8 | 12.1 | 5:54 | 5:58 |
| 9 | 12.1 | 5:54 | 5:57 |
| 10 | 12.1 | 5:54 | 5:57 |
| 11 | 12.0 | 5:54 | 5:57 |
| 12 | 12.0 | 5:54 | 5:56 |
| 13 | 12.0 | 5:54 | 5:56 |
| 14 | 12.0 | 5:53 | 5:55 |
| 15 | 12.0 | 5:53 | 5:55 |
| 16 | 12.0 | 5:53 | 5:55 |
| 17 | 12.0 | 5:53 | 5:54 |
| 18 | 12.0 | 5:53 | 5:54 |
| 19 | 12.0 | 5:52 | 5:53 |
| 20 | 12.0 | 5:52 | 5:53 |
| 21 | 12.0 | 5:52 | 5:53 |
| 22 | 12.0 | 5:52 | 5:52 |
| 23 | 12.0 | 5:52 | 5:52 |
| 24 | 12.0 | 5:52 | 5:51 |
| 25 | 12.0 | 5:51 | 5:51 |
| 26 | 12.0 | 5:51 | 5:50 |
| 27 | 12.0 | 5:51 | 5:50 |
| 28 | 12.0 | 5:51 | 5:50 |
| 29 | 12.0 | 5:50 | 5:49 |
| 30 | 12.0 | 5:50 | 5:49 |
| 31 | 12.0 | 5:50 | 5:48 |
Solar energy in March
Average shortwave solar energy reaching the ground each day in March, about 4.16 kWh/m².
For context, solar energy here swings from a low near 3.96 kWh/m² to a high of 4.64 kWh/m² in October across the year — March's 4.16 kWh/m² falls in the middle.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | 4.2 | 4.2 | 4.2 | 4.2 | 4.2 | 4.2 | 4.2 | 4.2 | 4.2 | 4.2 | 4.2 | 4.2 | 4.1 | 4.1 | 4.1 | 4.1 | 4.1 | 4.1 | 4.1 | 4.1 | 4.1 | 4.1 | 4.1 | 4.1 | 4.1 | 4.1 | 4.1 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 4.0 |
| Level | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright |
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 4.2 | Bright |
| 2 | 4.2 | Bright |
| 3 | 4.2 | Bright |
| 4 | 4.2 | Bright |
| 5 | 4.2 | Bright |
| 6 | 4.2 | Bright |
| 7 | 4.2 | Bright |
| 8 | 4.2 | Bright |
| 9 | 4.2 | Bright |
| 10 | 4.2 | Bright |
| 11 | 4.2 | Bright |
| 12 | 4.2 | Bright |
| 13 | 4.1 | Bright |
| 14 | 4.1 | Bright |
| 15 | 4.1 | Bright |
| 16 | 4.1 | Bright |
| 17 | 4.1 | Bright |
| 18 | 4.1 | Bright |
| 19 | 4.1 | Bright |
| 20 | 4.1 | Bright |
| 21 | 4.1 | Bright |
| 22 | 4.1 | Bright |
| 23 | 4.1 | Bright |
| 24 | 4.1 | Bright |
| 25 | 4.1 | Bright |
| 26 | 4.1 | Bright |
| 27 | 4.1 | Bright |
| 28 | 4.0 | Bright |
| 29 | 4.0 | Bright |
| 30 | 4.0 | Bright |
| 31 | 4.0 | Bright |
Is March a good time to visit Wamena?
Our two travel scores rate March for general sightseeing and for beach or pool weather — 0 (poor) to 10 (ideal).
March is a weaker month for outdoor sightseeing in Wamena.
What to pack for Wamena in March
From March's temperature range, rain chance, sun and wind — what's worth putting in the bag.
In March, Wamena sees daytime highs around 21°C and nights near 12°C. Pack rain gear. About 30 days see rain.
UV index in Wamena in March
Clear-sky midday UV in March peaks around 19 (very high — sun protection essential). The full-year curve, shaded by WHO exposure level, is below.
Under clear skies, the midday UV index in Wamena peaks around March 13 at about 19 (extreme) — sunscreen, a hat and midday shade are essential. It bottoms out near June 22 at about 13 (extreme).
The index reaches 3 or more — the level where the WHO recommends sun protection — every month of the year.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UV index (midday) | 17 | 18 | 19 | 17 | 14 | 13 | 13 | 14 | 16 | 16 | 15 | 15 |
| Level | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme |
| UV index (midday) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 17 | Extreme |
| Feb | 18 | Extreme |
| Mar | 19 | Extreme |
| Apr | 17 | Extreme |
| May | 14 | Extreme |
| Jun | 13 | Extreme |
| Jul | 13 | Extreme |
| Aug | 14 | Extreme |
| Sep | 16 | Extreme |
| Oct | 16 | Extreme |
| Nov | 15 | Extreme |
| Dec | 15 | Extreme |
Where is Wamena?
Wamena sits at 4.1°S, 138.9°E, 1,488 m above sea level, in Indonesia. The nearest listed city is Tiom, 58 km away.
Topography around Wamena
How much the land rises and falls, and what covers it, within 3, 16 and 80 km of Wamena.
Within 3 km, the terrain around Wamena has only modest variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 243 m around an average of 1,662 m above sea level; within 16 km, extreme variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 2,670 m; within 80 km, extreme variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 4,664 m.
The land around Wamena is covered by grassland (58%) and trees (21%) within 3 km, trees (55%) and grassland (42%) within 16 km, and trees (92%) within 80 km.
Indonesia travel facts
- Travel advisory
- Level 2
- Exercise Increased Caution
- Power plugs
- Type C / F
- 230 V · 50 Hz
- Prices
- ≈ 29% of US
- price level, 2025
- GDP per capita
- $5,060
- 2025
- Happiness
- 5.6 / 10
- World Happiness, 2025
- Safe drinking water
- 30%
- of population, 2024
- Homicide rate
- 0.3
- per 100k, 2022
- Road deaths
- 11.3
- per 100k/yr, 2019
- Income group
- Upper middle
- World Bank
- English
- Low
- EF EPI 471
- Religion
Sources: World Bank, US State Department, World Happiness Report, WHO/UNICEF, EF EPI, CIA World Factbook.
Data sources
Temperature, precipitation, cloud, humidity, wind and solar figures are a 1991–2020 climatology for Wamena (-4.0958°, 138.9481°, elevation 1,488 m), computed from hourly ERA5 reanalysis — contains modified Copernicus Climate Change Service information. Sun figures are astronomical calculations, not observations. City data © GeoNames, CC BY 4.0. Map outlines from Natural Earth (public domain); interactive map © Google. UV index is derived from CAMS (Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service) clear-sky UV data — contains modified Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service information. Topography is sampled from the Copernicus DEM GLO-90 elevation model (© ESA/Airbus) and ESA WorldCover 2021 land cover (CC BY 4.0).