Shahrak-e Ţāleqānī weather in February
In February, Shahrak-e Ţāleqānī sees average daytime highs of 18°C and overnight lows near 7°C, with 107 mm of rain across 8.2 wet days and about 10.9 hours of daylight. It is the 11th-warmest and 4th-wettest month of the year here.
Highs climb over the month, from about 16°C in the first days to 19°C by the end. The sky is clear or mostly clear about 57% of the time in February, and the air most often feels dry.
Daylight stretches from about 10 h 30 min at the start of February to 11 h 18 min by month's end. Set against the rest of the year, February is Shahrak-e Ţāleqānī's 9th-clearest and 7th-windiest month. For the whole year in context, see Shahrak-e Ţāleqānī's year-round climate.
- Daytime high
- 18°
- 11th warmest
- Overnight low
- 7°
- 2nd coldest
- Rainfall
- 107 mm
- 8.2 wet days
- Daylight
- 10 h 54 min
- 6:57 AM – 5:50 PM
- Cloud cover
- 38%
- 9th clearest
- Wind
- 7 km/h
- 7th windiest
- Solar energy
- 4.35 kWh/m²
- Travel score
- 6.2
- out of 10
Temperature in February
Highs climb over the month, from about 16°C in the first days to 19°C by the end.
A typical February day in Shahrak-e Ţāleqānī reaches about 18°C in the afternoon and slips back to 7°C overnight — a 11°C spread between the day's warmth and the night's chill. On most days the high lands between 14°C and 22°C. Set against its neighbours, February runs about 2°C warmer than January and about 4°C cooler than March.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Avg high (°C) | 16 | 16 | 16 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 19 | 19 | 19 | 19 | 19 | 19 | 20 | 20 |
| Avg low (°C) | 5 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 |
| Avg high (°C) | Avg low (°C) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 16 | 5 |
| 2 | 16 | 6 |
| 3 | 16 | 6 |
| 4 | 17 | 6 |
| 5 | 17 | 6 |
| 6 | 17 | 6 |
| 7 | 17 | 6 |
| 8 | 17 | 6 |
| 9 | 17 | 6 |
| 10 | 17 | 6 |
| 11 | 17 | 6 |
| 12 | 17 | 6 |
| 13 | 17 | 7 |
| 14 | 18 | 7 |
| 15 | 18 | 7 |
| 16 | 18 | 7 |
| 17 | 18 | 7 |
| 18 | 18 | 7 |
| 19 | 18 | 7 |
| 20 | 18 | 7 |
| 21 | 19 | 7 |
| 22 | 19 | 7 |
| 23 | 19 | 8 |
| 24 | 19 | 8 |
| 25 | 19 | 8 |
| 26 | 19 | 8 |
| 27 | 20 | 8 |
| 28 | 20 | 8 |
How February really feels in Shahrak-e Ţāleqānī
Once humidity and wind are folded in, February averages 0 days that feel above 32°C and 0 that feel at or below 0°C — the comfort signal a plain temperature reading hides.
February sits comfortably in between — no days that feel dangerously hot or drop to a hard freeze once humidity and wind are folded in.
Shahrak-e Ţāleqānī weather by month
How February compares with the rest of the year at a glance. February is the 11th-warmest and 4th-wettest month here — the current month is highlighted below.
| Month | High / Low (°C) | Rainfall (mm) | Wet days | Daylight (hours) | Travel score |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 16° / 5° | 168 | 9.7 | 10.2 | 5.2 |
| Feb | 18° / 7° | 107 | 8.2 | 10.9 | 6.2 |
| Mar | 22° / 10° | 116 | 7.2 | 11.8 | 7.5 |
| Apr | 28° / 15° | 46 | 5 | 12.7 | 6.9 |
| May | 36° / 20° | 6 | 1.5 | 13.5 | 2.7 |
| Jun | 41° / 23° | 0 | 0.1 | 14 | 0.0 |
| Jul | 43° / 26° | 0 | 0.1 | 13.8 | 0.0 |
| Aug | 43° / 26° | 1 | 0.5 | 13.1 | 0.0 |
| Sep | 39° / 22° | 1 | 0.5 | 12.2 | 0.8 |
| Oct | 33° / 17° | 8 | 1.6 | 11.2 | 4.7 |
| Nov | 24° / 11° | 99 | 6.2 | 10.4 | 7.6 |
| Dec | 18° / 7° | 155 | 8.1 | 10 | 6.5 |
Cloud cover in February
The sky is clear or mostly clear about 57% of the time in February.
Beyond those clear spells, partly cloudy skies cover about 13% of February, with mostly cloudy or overcast conditions the remaining 30%.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clearer (%) | 68 | 68 | 68 | 69 | 69 | 69 | 70 | 70 | 69 | 69 | 70 | 70 | 69 | 69 | 69 | 68 | 68 | 68 | 68 | 69 | 70 | 70 | 71 | 71 | 72 | 72 | 73 | 74 |
| Cloudier (%) | 32 | 32 | 32 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 30 | 30 | 31 | 31 | 30 | 30 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 32 | 32 | 32 | 32 | 31 | 30 | 30 | 29 | 29 | 28 | 28 | 27 | 26 |
| Clearer (%) | Cloudier (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 68 | 32 |
| 2 | 68 | 32 |
| 3 | 68 | 32 |
| 4 | 69 | 31 |
| 5 | 69 | 31 |
| 6 | 69 | 31 |
| 7 | 70 | 30 |
| 8 | 70 | 30 |
| 9 | 69 | 31 |
| 10 | 69 | 31 |
| 11 | 70 | 30 |
| 12 | 70 | 30 |
| 13 | 69 | 31 |
| 14 | 69 | 31 |
| 15 | 69 | 31 |
| 16 | 68 | 32 |
| 17 | 68 | 32 |
| 18 | 68 | 32 |
| 19 | 68 | 32 |
| 20 | 69 | 31 |
| 21 | 70 | 30 |
| 22 | 70 | 30 |
| 23 | 71 | 29 |
| 24 | 71 | 29 |
| 25 | 72 | 28 |
| 26 | 72 | 28 |
| 27 | 73 | 27 |
| 28 | 74 | 26 |
Chance of precipitation in February
Shahrak-e Ţāleqānī gets around 107 mm of rain over 8.2 wet days in February. The line is the day-by-day chance of measurable precipitation.
Day to day, the chance of measurable rain averages around 29% and peaks near 31% on the wettest days.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rain chance (%) | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 30 | 30 | 30 | 29 | 29 | 29 | 29 | 29 | 29 | 29 | 29 | 29 | 29 | 29 | 29 | 29 | 29 | 28 | 28 | 27 | 26 | 25 | 25 | 24 |
| Rain chance (%) | |
|---|---|
| 1 | 31 |
| 2 | 31 |
| 3 | 31 |
| 4 | 31 |
| 5 | 30 |
| 6 | 30 |
| 7 | 30 |
| 8 | 29 |
| 9 | 29 |
| 10 | 29 |
| 11 | 29 |
| 12 | 29 |
| 13 | 29 |
| 14 | 29 |
| 15 | 29 |
| 16 | 29 |
| 17 | 29 |
| 18 | 29 |
| 19 | 29 |
| 20 | 29 |
| 21 | 29 |
| 22 | 28 |
| 23 | 28 |
| 24 | 27 |
| 25 | 26 |
| 26 | 25 |
| 27 | 25 |
| 28 | 24 |
Humidity in February
Most of February feels dry — the stacked bands show each day's mix of comfort levels, read off the dew point.
By dew point, February lands in the dry band about 100% of days. It rarely turns muggy — the humid and sticky bands barely register.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dry (%) | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
| Dry (%) | |
|---|---|
| 1 | 100 |
| 2 | 100 |
| 3 | 100 |
| 4 | 100 |
| 5 | 100 |
| 6 | 100 |
| 7 | 100 |
| 8 | 100 |
| 9 | 100 |
| 10 | 100 |
| 11 | 100 |
| 12 | 100 |
| 13 | 100 |
| 14 | 100 |
| 15 | 100 |
| 16 | 100 |
| 17 | 100 |
| 18 | 100 |
| 19 | 100 |
| 20 | 100 |
| 21 | 100 |
| 22 | 100 |
| 23 | 100 |
| 24 | 100 |
| 25 | 100 |
| 26 | 100 |
| 27 | 100 |
| 28 | 100 |
Wind in February
Winds average 7 km/h in February.
Across February, daily wind ranges from about 7 km/h on the calmest days to 7 km/h at its breeziest. It stays fairly steady from day to day.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wind speed (km/h) | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 |
| Feels | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm |
| Wind speed (km/h) | Feels | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 7 | calm |
| 2 | 7 | calm |
| 3 | 7 | calm |
| 4 | 7 | calm |
| 5 | 7 | calm |
| 6 | 7 | calm |
| 7 | 7 | calm |
| 8 | 7 | calm |
| 9 | 7 | calm |
| 10 | 7 | calm |
| 11 | 7 | calm |
| 12 | 7 | calm |
| 13 | 7 | calm |
| 14 | 7 | calm |
| 15 | 7 | calm |
| 16 | 7 | calm |
| 17 | 7 | calm |
| 18 | 7 | calm |
| 19 | 7 | calm |
| 20 | 7 | calm |
| 21 | 7 | calm |
| 22 | 7 | calm |
| 23 | 7 | calm |
| 24 | 7 | calm |
| 25 | 7 | calm |
| 26 | 7 | calm |
| 27 | 7 | calm |
| 28 | 7 | calm |
Sunrise & sunset in February
Daylight runs from about 10 h 30 min at the start of February to 11 h 18 min by month's end. The lit band spans sunrise to sunset each day.
Days grow by about 48 minutes over February. Sunrise moves from 7:07 AM to 6:45 AM, and sunset from 5:38 PM to 6:01 PM.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Daylight (h) | 10.5 | 10.5 | 10.6 | 10.6 | 10.6 | 10.6 | 10.7 | 10.7 | 10.7 | 10.7 | 10.8 | 10.8 | 10.8 | 10.9 | 10.9 | 10.9 | 10.9 | 11.0 | 11.0 | 11.0 | 11.1 | 11.1 | 11.1 | 11.1 | 11.2 | 11.2 | 11.2 | 11.3 |
| Sunrise (AM) | 7:07 | 7:06 | 7:06 | 7:05 | 7:05 | 7:04 | 7:03 | 7:03 | 7:02 | 7:01 | 7:00 | 7:00 | 6:59 | 6:58 | 6:57 | 6:56 | 6:56 | 6:55 | 6:54 | 6:53 | 6:52 | 6:51 | 6:50 | 6:49 | 6:48 | 6:47 | 6:46 | 6:45 |
| Sunset (PM) | 5:38 | 5:39 | 5:40 | 5:41 | 5:42 | 5:43 | 5:44 | 5:44 | 5:45 | 5:46 | 5:47 | 5:48 | 5:49 | 5:50 | 5:50 | 5:51 | 5:52 | 5:53 | 5:54 | 5:54 | 5:55 | 5:56 | 5:57 | 5:58 | 5:58 | 5:59 | 6:00 | 6:01 |
| Daylight (h) | Sunrise (AM) | Sunset (PM) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 10.5 | 7:07 | 5:38 |
| 2 | 10.5 | 7:06 | 5:39 |
| 3 | 10.6 | 7:06 | 5:40 |
| 4 | 10.6 | 7:05 | 5:41 |
| 5 | 10.6 | 7:05 | 5:42 |
| 6 | 10.6 | 7:04 | 5:43 |
| 7 | 10.7 | 7:03 | 5:44 |
| 8 | 10.7 | 7:03 | 5:44 |
| 9 | 10.7 | 7:02 | 5:45 |
| 10 | 10.7 | 7:01 | 5:46 |
| 11 | 10.8 | 7:00 | 5:47 |
| 12 | 10.8 | 7:00 | 5:48 |
| 13 | 10.8 | 6:59 | 5:49 |
| 14 | 10.9 | 6:58 | 5:50 |
| 15 | 10.9 | 6:57 | 5:50 |
| 16 | 10.9 | 6:56 | 5:51 |
| 17 | 10.9 | 6:56 | 5:52 |
| 18 | 11.0 | 6:55 | 5:53 |
| 19 | 11.0 | 6:54 | 5:54 |
| 20 | 11.0 | 6:53 | 5:54 |
| 21 | 11.1 | 6:52 | 5:55 |
| 22 | 11.1 | 6:51 | 5:56 |
| 23 | 11.1 | 6:50 | 5:57 |
| 24 | 11.1 | 6:49 | 5:58 |
| 25 | 11.2 | 6:48 | 5:58 |
| 26 | 11.2 | 6:47 | 5:59 |
| 27 | 11.2 | 6:46 | 6:00 |
| 28 | 11.3 | 6:45 | 6:01 |
Solar energy in February
Average shortwave solar energy reaching the ground each day in February, about 4.35 kWh/m².
For context, solar energy here swings from a low near 3.19 kWh/m² to a high of 7.95 kWh/m² in June across the year — February's 4.35 kWh/m² falls in the middle.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | 3.8 | 3.9 | 3.9 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 4.1 | 4.1 | 4.2 | 4.2 | 4.2 | 4.3 | 4.3 | 4.3 | 4.4 | 4.4 | 4.5 | 4.5 | 4.5 | 4.6 | 4.6 | 4.7 | 4.7 | 4.8 | 4.8 | 4.8 | 4.9 | 4.9 |
| Level | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright |
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 3.8 | Moderate |
| 2 | 3.9 | Moderate |
| 3 | 3.9 | Moderate |
| 4 | 4.0 | Moderate |
| 5 | 4.0 | Moderate |
| 6 | 4.0 | Bright |
| 7 | 4.1 | Bright |
| 8 | 4.1 | Bright |
| 9 | 4.2 | Bright |
| 10 | 4.2 | Bright |
| 11 | 4.2 | Bright |
| 12 | 4.3 | Bright |
| 13 | 4.3 | Bright |
| 14 | 4.3 | Bright |
| 15 | 4.4 | Bright |
| 16 | 4.4 | Bright |
| 17 | 4.5 | Bright |
| 18 | 4.5 | Bright |
| 19 | 4.5 | Bright |
| 20 | 4.6 | Bright |
| 21 | 4.6 | Bright |
| 22 | 4.7 | Bright |
| 23 | 4.7 | Bright |
| 24 | 4.8 | Bright |
| 25 | 4.8 | Bright |
| 26 | 4.8 | Bright |
| 27 | 4.9 | Bright |
| 28 | 4.9 | Bright |
Hazard calendar for Shahrak-e Ţāleqānī
In February, Shahrak-e Ţāleqānī sits inside its rainy season season. The full year is below, with each hazard's peak months called out.
Shahrak-e Ţāleqānī's rainy season runs November–March, when most of the year's rain falls.
Shahrak-e Ţāleqānī sees seasonal dust haze (March–May), heaviest in April.
Is February a good time to visit Shahrak-e Ţāleqānī?
Our two travel scores rate February for general sightseeing and for beach or pool weather — 0 (poor) to 10 (ideal).
February is a reasonable time to visit Shahrak-e Ţāleqānī for sightseeing.
What to pack for Shahrak-e Ţāleqānī in February
From February's temperature range, rain chance, sun and wind — what's worth putting in the bag.
In February, Shahrak-e Ţāleqānī sees daytime highs around 18°C and nights near 7°C. Worth packing: a warm layer and rain gear. About 8 days see rain.
UV index in Shahrak-e Ţāleqānī in February
Clear-sky midday UV in February peaks around 5 — enough to warrant sun protection. The full-year curve, shaded by WHO exposure level, is below.
Under clear skies, the midday UV index in Shahrak-e Ţāleqānī peaks around August 10 at about 10 (very high) — sunscreen, a hat and midday shade are essential. It bottoms out near January 1 at about 3 (moderate).
The index reaches 3 or more — the level where the WHO recommends sun protection — every month of the year.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UV index (midday) | 3 | 5 | 7 | 7 | 9 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 6 | 6 | 4 | 3 |
| Level | Moderate | Moderate | High | High | Very high | Very high | Very high | Very high | High | High | Moderate | Moderate |
| UV index (midday) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 3 | Moderate |
| Feb | 5 | Moderate |
| Mar | 7 | High |
| Apr | 7 | High |
| May | 9 | Very high |
| Jun | 10 | Very high |
| Jul | 10 | Very high |
| Aug | 10 | Very high |
| Sep | 6 | High |
| Oct | 6 | High |
| Nov | 4 | Moderate |
| Dec | 3 | Moderate |
Air quality in Shahrak-e Ţāleqānī in February
Average fine-particle pollution (PM2.5) through the year — so you can see where February falls, not just the annual average.
Air quality in Shahrak-e Ţāleqānī is worst in April — around 45 µg/m³ PM2.5 (poor), and holds fairly steady the rest of the year.
Modeled monthly averages (CAMS reanalysis, 2015–2024).
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PM2.5 (µg/m³) | 33 | 38 | 44 | 45 | 43 | 34 | 37 | 35 | 34 | 35 | 34 | 33 |
| Level | Moderate | Poor | Poor | Poor | Poor | Moderate | Poor | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate |
| PM2.5 (µg/m³) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 33 | Moderate |
| Feb | 38 | Poor |
| Mar | 44 | Poor |
| Apr | 45 | Poor |
| May | 43 | Poor |
| Jun | 34 | Moderate |
| Jul | 37 | Poor |
| Aug | 35 | Moderate |
| Sep | 34 | Moderate |
| Oct | 35 | Moderate |
| Nov | 34 | Moderate |
| Dec | 33 | Moderate |
Where is Shahrak-e Ţāleqānī?
Shahrak-e Ţāleqānī sits at 30.8°N, 50.2°E, 471 m above sea level, in Iran. The nearest listed city is Līkak, 12 km away.
Topography around Shahrak-e Ţāleqānī
How much the land rises and falls, and what covers it, within 3, 16 and 80 km of Shahrak-e Ţāleqānī.
Within 3 km, the terrain around Shahrak-e Ţāleqānī has significant variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 548 m around an average of 504 m above sea level; within 16 km, very significant variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 1,964 m; within 80 km, extreme variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 3,578 m.
The land around Shahrak-e Ţāleqānī is covered by grassland (43%) and cropland (41%) within 3 km, grassland (68%) within 16 km, and grassland (58%) and bare terrain (23%) within 80 km.
Iran travel facts
- Travel advisory
- Level 4
- Do Not Travel
- Power plugs
- Type C / F
- 220 V · 50 Hz
- Prices
- ≈ 352% of US
- price level, 2025
- GDP per capita
- $3,924
- 2025
- Happiness
- 5.2 / 10
- World Happiness, 2025
- Safe drinking water
- 94%
- of population, 2024
- Homicide rate
- 2.4
- per 100k, 2014
- Road deaths
- 21.5
- per 100k/yr, 2019
- Income group
- Upper middle
- World Bank
- English
- Low
- EF EPI 492
- Religion
Sources: World Bank, US State Department, World Happiness Report, WHO/UNICEF, EF EPI, CIA World Factbook.
Data sources
Temperature, precipitation, cloud, humidity, wind and solar figures are a 1991–2020 climatology for Shahrak-e Ţāleqānī (30.835°, 50.1987°, elevation 471 m), computed from hourly ERA5 reanalysis — contains modified Copernicus Climate Change Service information. Sun figures are astronomical calculations, not observations. City data © GeoNames, CC BY 4.0. Map outlines from Natural Earth (public domain); interactive map © Google. UV index is derived from CAMS (Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service) clear-sky UV data — contains modified Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service information. Monthly air-quality (PM2.5) seasonality is from the CAMS EAC4 reanalysis (Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service), scaled to the WHO annual mean where available. Topography is sampled from the Copernicus DEM GLO-90 elevation model (© ESA/Airbus) and ESA WorldCover 2021 land cover (CC BY 4.0).