Erbil weather in August
In August, Erbil sees average daytime highs of 41°C and overnight lows near 26°C, with 0 mm of rain across 0.1 wet days and about 13.4 hours of daylight. It is the 2nd-warmest and 12th-wettest month of the year here.
Highs ease over the month, from about 42°C in the first days to 40°C by the end. The sky is clear or mostly clear about 99% of the time in August, and the air most often feels dry.
Daylight stretches from about 13 h 54 min at the start of August to 12 h 48 min by month's end. Set against the rest of the year, August is Erbil's 1st-clearest and 5th-windiest month. For the whole year in context, see Erbil's year-round climate.
- Daytime high
- 41°
- 2nd warmest
- Overnight low
- 26°
- 11th coldest
- Rainfall
- 0 mm
- 0.1 wet days
- Daylight
- 13 h 24 min
- 5:26 AM – 6:50 PM
- Cloud cover
- 4%
- 1st clearest
- Wind
- 9 km/h
- 5th windiest
- Solar energy
- 7.3 kWh/m²
- Travel score
- 0.0
- out of 10
Erbil is capital of Kurdistan Region in Iraq.
- Density
- 134/km²
- people per km²
Air quality: WHO Ambient Air Quality Database. Density & description: Wikidata (CC0), GeoNames.
Temperature in August
Highs ease over the month, from about 42°C in the first days to 40°C by the end.
A typical August day in Erbil reaches about 41°C in the afternoon and slips back to 26°C overnight — a 16°C spread between the day's warmth and the night's chill. On most days the high lands between 39°C and 44°C. Set against its neighbours, August runs on par with July and about 4°C warmer than September.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Avg high (°C) | 42 | 42 | 42 | 42 | 42 | 42 | 42 | 42 | 42 | 42 | 42 | 42 | 42 | 42 | 42 | 42 | 42 | 41 | 41 | 41 | 41 | 41 | 41 | 41 | 41 | 41 | 41 | 40 | 40 | 40 | 40 |
| Avg low (°C) | 27 | 27 | 27 | 27 | 27 | 27 | 26 | 26 | 26 | 26 | 26 | 26 | 26 | 26 | 26 | 26 | 26 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 |
| Avg high (°C) | Avg low (°C) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 42 | 27 |
| 2 | 42 | 27 |
| 3 | 42 | 27 |
| 4 | 42 | 27 |
| 5 | 42 | 27 |
| 6 | 42 | 27 |
| 7 | 42 | 26 |
| 8 | 42 | 26 |
| 9 | 42 | 26 |
| 10 | 42 | 26 |
| 11 | 42 | 26 |
| 12 | 42 | 26 |
| 13 | 42 | 26 |
| 14 | 42 | 26 |
| 15 | 42 | 26 |
| 16 | 42 | 26 |
| 17 | 42 | 26 |
| 18 | 41 | 25 |
| 19 | 41 | 25 |
| 20 | 41 | 25 |
| 21 | 41 | 25 |
| 22 | 41 | 25 |
| 23 | 41 | 25 |
| 24 | 41 | 25 |
| 25 | 41 | 25 |
| 26 | 41 | 24 |
| 27 | 41 | 24 |
| 28 | 40 | 24 |
| 29 | 40 | 24 |
| 30 | 40 | 24 |
| 31 | 40 | 24 |
How August really feels in Erbil
Once humidity and wind are folded in, August averages 31 days that feel above 32°C and 0 that feel at or below 0°C — the comfort signal a plain temperature reading hides.
The story in August is heat — humidity pushes the afternoon "feels like" well above the raw temperature.
Erbil weather by month
How August compares with the rest of the year at a glance. August is the 2nd-warmest and 12th-wettest month here — the current month is highlighted below.
| Month | High / Low (°C) | Rainfall (mm) | Wet days | Daylight (hours) | Travel score |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 12° / 3° | 101 | 10.7 | 9.8 | 3.3 |
| Feb | 14° / 4° | 94 | 10.1 | 10.6 | 4.1 |
| Mar | 18° / 8° | 93 | 10 | 11.7 | 6.1 |
| Apr | 24° / 12° | 62 | 7.7 | 12.9 | 7.4 |
| May | 31° / 18° | 22 | 4.6 | 13.9 | 5.4 |
| Jun | 38° / 23° | 1 | 0.4 | 14.4 | 1.5 |
| Jul | 42° / 26° | 0 | 0.1 | 14.2 | 0.0 |
| Aug | 41° / 26° | 0 | 0.1 | 13.4 | 0.0 |
| Sep | 37° / 21° | 1 | 0.2 | 12.2 | 2.2 |
| Oct | 30° / 16° | 26 | 3.1 | 11.1 | 6.2 |
| Nov | 20° / 9° | 64 | 6.6 | 10.1 | 7.2 |
| Dec | 14° / 5° | 87 | 8.4 | 9.6 | 4.5 |
Cloud cover in August
The sky is clear or mostly clear about 99% of the time in August, the clearest month of the year.
Beyond those clear spells, partly cloudy skies cover about 1% of August, with mostly cloudy or overcast conditions the remaining 0%.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clearer (%) | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 99 |
| Cloudier (%) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| Clearer (%) | Cloudier (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 100 | 0 |
| 2 | 100 | 0 |
| 3 | 100 | 0 |
| 4 | 100 | 0 |
| 5 | 100 | 0 |
| 6 | 100 | 0 |
| 7 | 100 | 0 |
| 8 | 100 | 0 |
| 9 | 100 | 0 |
| 10 | 100 | 0 |
| 11 | 100 | 0 |
| 12 | 100 | 0 |
| 13 | 100 | 0 |
| 14 | 100 | 0 |
| 15 | 100 | 0 |
| 16 | 100 | 0 |
| 17 | 100 | 0 |
| 18 | 100 | 0 |
| 19 | 100 | 0 |
| 20 | 100 | 0 |
| 21 | 100 | 0 |
| 22 | 100 | 0 |
| 23 | 100 | 0 |
| 24 | 100 | 0 |
| 25 | 100 | 0 |
| 26 | 100 | 0 |
| 27 | 100 | 0 |
| 28 | 100 | 0 |
| 29 | 100 | 0 |
| 30 | 100 | 0 |
| 31 | 99 | 1 |
Chance of precipitation in August
Erbil gets around 0 mm of rain over 0.1 wet days in August, the driest month. The line is the day-by-day chance of measurable precipitation.
Day to day, the chance of measurable rain averages around 0% and peaks near 1% on the wettest days.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rain chance (%) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Rain chance (%) | |
|---|---|
| 1 | 0 |
| 2 | 0 |
| 3 | 0 |
| 4 | 0 |
| 5 | 0 |
| 6 | 0 |
| 7 | 0 |
| 8 | 0 |
| 9 | 0 |
| 10 | 0 |
| 11 | 0 |
| 12 | 0 |
| 13 | 0 |
| 14 | 0 |
| 15 | 0 |
| 16 | 0 |
| 17 | 0 |
| 18 | 0 |
| 19 | 0 |
| 20 | 0 |
| 21 | 0 |
| 22 | 0 |
| 23 | 0 |
| 24 | 0 |
| 25 | 0 |
| 26 | 1 |
| 27 | 1 |
| 28 | 1 |
| 29 | 1 |
| 30 | 1 |
| 31 | 1 |
Humidity in August
Most of August feels dry — the stacked bands show each day's mix of comfort levels, read off the dew point.
By dew point, August lands in the dry band about 98% of days. It rarely turns muggy — the humid and sticky bands barely register.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dry (%) | 98 | 98 | 98 | 97 | 97 | 97 | 97 | 97 | 97 | 97 | 97 | 97 | 97 | 98 | 98 | 98 | 98 | 98 | 99 | 99 | 99 | 99 | 99 | 99 | 99 | 99 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
| Comfortable (%) | 2 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Dry (%) | Comfortable (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 98 | 2 |
| 2 | 98 | 2 |
| 3 | 98 | 2 |
| 4 | 97 | 3 |
| 5 | 97 | 3 |
| 6 | 97 | 3 |
| 7 | 97 | 3 |
| 8 | 97 | 3 |
| 9 | 97 | 3 |
| 10 | 97 | 3 |
| 11 | 97 | 3 |
| 12 | 97 | 3 |
| 13 | 97 | 3 |
| 14 | 98 | 2 |
| 15 | 98 | 2 |
| 16 | 98 | 2 |
| 17 | 98 | 2 |
| 18 | 98 | 2 |
| 19 | 99 | 1 |
| 20 | 99 | 1 |
| 21 | 99 | 1 |
| 22 | 99 | 1 |
| 23 | 99 | 1 |
| 24 | 99 | 1 |
| 25 | 99 | 1 |
| 26 | 99 | 1 |
| 27 | 100 | 0 |
| 28 | 100 | 0 |
| 29 | 100 | 0 |
| 30 | 100 | 0 |
| 31 | 100 | 0 |
Wind in August
Winds average 9 km/h in August.
Across August, daily wind ranges from about 8 km/h on the calmest days to 9 km/h at its breeziest. It stays fairly steady from day to day.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wind speed (km/h) | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 |
| Feels | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm |
| Wind speed (km/h) | Feels | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 9 | calm |
| 2 | 9 | calm |
| 3 | 9 | calm |
| 4 | 9 | calm |
| 5 | 9 | calm |
| 6 | 9 | calm |
| 7 | 9 | calm |
| 8 | 9 | calm |
| 9 | 9 | calm |
| 10 | 9 | calm |
| 11 | 9 | calm |
| 12 | 9 | calm |
| 13 | 9 | calm |
| 14 | 9 | calm |
| 15 | 9 | calm |
| 16 | 9 | calm |
| 17 | 9 | calm |
| 18 | 9 | calm |
| 19 | 9 | calm |
| 20 | 8 | calm |
| 21 | 8 | calm |
| 22 | 8 | calm |
| 23 | 8 | calm |
| 24 | 8 | calm |
| 25 | 8 | calm |
| 26 | 8 | calm |
| 27 | 8 | calm |
| 28 | 8 | calm |
| 29 | 8 | calm |
| 30 | 8 | calm |
| 31 | 8 | calm |
Sunrise & sunset in August
Daylight runs from about 13 h 54 min at the start of August to 12 h 48 min by month's end. The lit band spans sunrise to sunset each day.
Days shrink by about 66 minutes over August. Sunrise moves from 5:14 AM to 5:39 AM, and sunset from 7:06 PM to 6:29 PM.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Daylight (h) | 13.9 | 13.8 | 13.8 | 13.8 | 13.7 | 13.7 | 13.7 | 13.6 | 13.6 | 13.6 | 13.6 | 13.5 | 13.5 | 13.5 | 13.4 | 13.4 | 13.4 | 13.3 | 13.3 | 13.2 | 13.2 | 13.2 | 13.1 | 13.1 | 13.1 | 13.0 | 13.0 | 13.0 | 12.9 | 12.9 | 12.8 |
| Sunrise (AM) | 5:14 | 5:15 | 5:16 | 5:17 | 5:17 | 5:18 | 5:19 | 5:20 | 5:21 | 5:22 | 5:22 | 5:23 | 5:24 | 5:25 | 5:26 | 5:26 | 5:27 | 5:28 | 5:29 | 5:30 | 5:31 | 5:31 | 5:32 | 5:33 | 5:34 | 5:35 | 5:35 | 5:36 | 5:37 | 5:38 | 5:39 |
| Sunset (PM) | 7:06 | 7:05 | 7:04 | 7:03 | 7:02 | 7:01 | 7:00 | 6:59 | 6:58 | 6:57 | 6:56 | 6:54 | 6:53 | 6:52 | 6:51 | 6:50 | 6:48 | 6:47 | 6:46 | 6:45 | 6:43 | 6:42 | 6:41 | 6:39 | 6:38 | 6:36 | 6:35 | 6:34 | 6:32 | 6:31 | 6:29 |
| Daylight (h) | Sunrise (AM) | Sunset (PM) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 13.9 | 5:14 | 7:06 |
| 2 | 13.8 | 5:15 | 7:05 |
| 3 | 13.8 | 5:16 | 7:04 |
| 4 | 13.8 | 5:17 | 7:03 |
| 5 | 13.7 | 5:17 | 7:02 |
| 6 | 13.7 | 5:18 | 7:01 |
| 7 | 13.7 | 5:19 | 7:00 |
| 8 | 13.6 | 5:20 | 6:59 |
| 9 | 13.6 | 5:21 | 6:58 |
| 10 | 13.6 | 5:22 | 6:57 |
| 11 | 13.6 | 5:22 | 6:56 |
| 12 | 13.5 | 5:23 | 6:54 |
| 13 | 13.5 | 5:24 | 6:53 |
| 14 | 13.5 | 5:25 | 6:52 |
| 15 | 13.4 | 5:26 | 6:51 |
| 16 | 13.4 | 5:26 | 6:50 |
| 17 | 13.4 | 5:27 | 6:48 |
| 18 | 13.3 | 5:28 | 6:47 |
| 19 | 13.3 | 5:29 | 6:46 |
| 20 | 13.2 | 5:30 | 6:45 |
| 21 | 13.2 | 5:31 | 6:43 |
| 22 | 13.2 | 5:31 | 6:42 |
| 23 | 13.1 | 5:32 | 6:41 |
| 24 | 13.1 | 5:33 | 6:39 |
| 25 | 13.1 | 5:34 | 6:38 |
| 26 | 13.0 | 5:35 | 6:36 |
| 27 | 13.0 | 5:35 | 6:35 |
| 28 | 13.0 | 5:36 | 6:34 |
| 29 | 12.9 | 5:37 | 6:32 |
| 30 | 12.9 | 5:38 | 6:31 |
| 31 | 12.8 | 5:39 | 6:29 |
Solar energy in August
Average shortwave solar energy reaching the ground each day in August, about 7.3 kWh/m².
For context, solar energy here swings from a low near 2.36 kWh/m² to a high of 7.95 kWh/m² in June across the year — August's 7.3 kWh/m² sits near the top of that range.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | 7.7 | 7.7 | 7.6 | 7.6 | 7.6 | 7.6 | 7.5 | 7.5 | 7.5 | 7.5 | 7.5 | 7.4 | 7.4 | 7.4 | 7.3 | 7.3 | 7.3 | 7.3 | 7.2 | 7.2 | 7.2 | 7.1 | 7.1 | 7.0 | 7.0 | 7.0 | 6.9 | 6.9 | 6.8 | 6.8 | 6.8 |
| Level | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense |
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 7.7 | Intense |
| 2 | 7.7 | Intense |
| 3 | 7.6 | Intense |
| 4 | 7.6 | Intense |
| 5 | 7.6 | Intense |
| 6 | 7.6 | Intense |
| 7 | 7.5 | Intense |
| 8 | 7.5 | Intense |
| 9 | 7.5 | Intense |
| 10 | 7.5 | Intense |
| 11 | 7.5 | Intense |
| 12 | 7.4 | Intense |
| 13 | 7.4 | Intense |
| 14 | 7.4 | Intense |
| 15 | 7.3 | Intense |
| 16 | 7.3 | Intense |
| 17 | 7.3 | Intense |
| 18 | 7.3 | Intense |
| 19 | 7.2 | Intense |
| 20 | 7.2 | Intense |
| 21 | 7.2 | Intense |
| 22 | 7.1 | Intense |
| 23 | 7.1 | Intense |
| 24 | 7.0 | Intense |
| 25 | 7.0 | Intense |
| 26 | 7.0 | Intense |
| 27 | 6.9 | Intense |
| 28 | 6.9 | Intense |
| 29 | 6.8 | Intense |
| 30 | 6.8 | Intense |
| 31 | 6.8 | Intense |
Hazard calendar for Erbil
None of Erbil's seasonal hazards are active in August. The full-year calendar below shows when the rainy season, cyclone risk and dust haze do peak.
Erbil's rainy season runs November–April, when most of the year's rain falls.
Erbil sees seasonal dust haze (April–May), heaviest in May.
Is August a good time to visit Erbil?
Our two travel scores rate August for general sightseeing and for beach or pool weather — 0 (poor) to 10 (ideal).
August is a weaker month for outdoor sightseeing in Erbil.
What to pack for Erbil in August
From August's temperature range, rain chance, sun and wind — what's worth putting in the bag.
In August, Erbil sees daytime highs around 41°C and nights near 26°C. Pack light clothes and sun protection.
UV index in Erbil in August
Clear-sky midday UV in August peaks around 10 (very high — sun protection essential). The full-year curve, shaded by WHO exposure level, is below.
Under clear skies, the midday UV index in Erbil peaks around June 14 at about 10 (very high) — sunscreen, a hat and midday shade are essential. It bottoms out near January 13 at about 2 (moderate).
The index reaches 3 or more — the level where the WHO recommends sun protection — in 10 months of the year.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UV index (midday) | 2 | 3 | 4 | 6 | 8 | 10 | 6 | 10 | 7 | 5 | 3 | 3 |
| Level | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | High | Very high | Extreme | High | Very high | Very high | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate |
| UV index (midday) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 2 | Moderate |
| Feb | 3 | Moderate |
| Mar | 4 | Moderate |
| Apr | 6 | High |
| May | 8 | Very high |
| Jun | 10 | Extreme |
| Jul | 6 | High |
| Aug | 10 | Very high |
| Sep | 7 | Very high |
| Oct | 5 | Moderate |
| Nov | 3 | Moderate |
| Dec | 3 | Moderate |
Air quality in Erbil in August
Average fine-particle pollution (PM2.5) through the year — so you can see where August falls, not just the annual average.
Air quality in Erbil is worst in March — around 49 µg/m³ PM2.5 (poor), and holds fairly steady the rest of the year.
Modeled monthly averages (CAMS reanalysis, 2015–2024).
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PM2.5 (µg/m³) | 37 | 41 | 49 | 49 | 47 | 42 | 38 | 38 | 40 | 42 | 37 | 36 |
| Level | Poor | Poor | Poor | Poor | Poor | Poor | Poor | Poor | Poor | Poor | Poor | Poor |
| PM2.5 (µg/m³) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 37 | Poor |
| Feb | 41 | Poor |
| Mar | 49 | Poor |
| Apr | 49 | Poor |
| May | 47 | Poor |
| Jun | 42 | Poor |
| Jul | 38 | Poor |
| Aug | 38 | Poor |
| Sep | 40 | Poor |
| Oct | 42 | Poor |
| Nov | 37 | Poor |
| Dec | 36 | Poor |
Where is Erbil?
Erbil sits at 36.2°N, 44.0°E, 429 m above sea level, in Iraq. The nearest listed city is Khasnahzān, 12 km away.
Topography around Erbil
How much the land rises and falls, and what covers it, within 3, 16 and 80 km of Erbil.
Within 3 km, the terrain around Erbil has only modest variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 57 m around an average of 415 m above sea level; within 16 km, significant variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 483 m; within 80 km, extreme variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 2,473 m.
The land around Erbil is covered by artificial surfaces (84%) within 3 km, cropland (55%) and artificial surfaces (22%) within 16 km, and cropland (46%) and grassland (45%) within 80 km.
Iraq travel facts
- Travel advisory
- Level 4
- Do Not Travel
- Power plugs
- Type C / D / G
- 230 V · 50 Hz
- Prices
- ≈ 38% of US
- price level, 2025
- GDP per capita
- $5,410
- 2025
- Happiness
- 5.2 / 10
- World Happiness, 2025
- Safe drinking water
- 60%
- of population, 2024
- Homicide rate
- 9.5
- per 100k, 2013
- Road deaths
- 27.3
- per 100k/yr, 2019
- Income group
- Upper middle
- World Bank
- English
- Very low
- EF EPI 406
- Religion
Sources: World Bank, US State Department, World Happiness Report, WHO/UNICEF, EF EPI, CIA World Factbook.
Data sources
Temperature, precipitation, cloud, humidity, wind and solar figures are a 1991–2020 climatology for Erbil (36.1912°, 44.0094°, elevation 429 m), computed from hourly ERA5 reanalysis — contains modified Copernicus Climate Change Service information. Sun figures are astronomical calculations, not observations. City data © GeoNames, CC BY 4.0. Map outlines from Natural Earth (public domain); interactive map © Google. UV index is derived from CAMS (Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service) clear-sky UV data — contains modified Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service information. Monthly air-quality (PM2.5) seasonality is from the CAMS EAC4 reanalysis (Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service), scaled to the WHO annual mean where available. Topography is sampled from the Copernicus DEM GLO-90 elevation model (© ESA/Airbus) and ESA WorldCover 2021 land cover (CC BY 4.0).