Cluain Meala weather in June

In June, Cluain Meala sees average daytime highs of 17°C and overnight lows near 10°C, with 67 mm of rain across 11.5 wet days and about 16.5 hours of daylight. It is the 3rd-warmest and 8th-wettest month of the year here.

Highs climb over the month, from about 16°C in the first days to 18°C by the end. The sky is clear or mostly clear about 7% of the time in June, and the air most often feels dry.

Daylight stretches from about 16 h 12 min at the start of June to 16 h 30 min by month's end. Set against the rest of the year, June is Cluain Meala's 10th-clearest and 10th-windiest month. For the whole year in context, see Cluain Meala's year-round climate.

Daytime high: 17°; 3rd warmest
Overnight low: 10°; 10th coldest
Rainfall: 67 mm; 11.5 wet days
Daylight: 16 h 30 min; 4:15 AM – 8:47 PM
Cloud cover: 78%; 10th clearest
Wind: 13 km/h; 10th windiest
Solar energy: 5.08 kWh/m²
Travel score: 4.9; out of 10

Cluain Meala is county town of County Tipperary, Ireland.

Density: 1,749/km²; people per km²

Air quality: WHO Ambient Air Quality Database. Density & description: Wikidata (CC0), GeoNames.

← May Cluain Meala year-round climate July →Best places to visit in June

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Temperature in June

Average highAverage lowShaded bands: 10–90% of days

Highs climb over the month, from about 16°C in the first days to 18°C by the end.

A typical June day in Cluain Meala reaches about 17°C in the afternoon and slips back to 10°C overnight — a 7°C spread between the day's warmth and the night's chill. On most days the high lands between 14°C and 20°C. Set against its neighbours, June runs about 3°C warmer than May and about 2°C cooler than July.

	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19	20	21	22	23	24	25	26	27	28	29	30
Avg high (°C)	16	16	16	16	16	16	16	16	16	16	17	17	17	17	17	17	17	17	17	17	17	17	17	17	17	18	18	18	18	18
Avg low (°C)	9	9	9	9	9	9	9	9	10	10	10	10	10	10	10	10	10	10	10	10	11	11	11	11	11	11	11	11	11	11

	Avg high (°C)	Avg low (°C)
1	16	9
2	16	9
3	16	9
4	16	9
5	16	9
6	16	9
7	16	9
8	16	9
9	16	10
10	16	10
11	17	10
12	17	10
13	17	10
14	17	10
15	17	10
16	17	10
17	17	10
18	17	10
19	17	10
20	17	10
21	17	11
22	17	11
23	17	11
24	17	11
25	17	11
26	18	11
27	18	11
28	18	11
29	18	11
30	18	11

How June really feels in Cluain Meala

Once humidity and wind are folded in, June averages 0 days that feel above 32°C and 0 that feel at or below 0°C — the comfort signal a plain temperature reading hides.

Days feeling ≥ 32°C

heat index over the day's high

Days feeling ≤ 0°C

wind chill below the day's low

June sits comfortably in between — no days that feel dangerously hot or drop to a hard freeze once humidity and wind are folded in.

Cluain Meala weather by month

How June compares with the rest of the year at a glance. June is the 3rd-warmest and 8th-wettest month here — the current month is highlighted below.

Month	High / Low (°C)	Rainfall (mm)	Wet days	Snow days	Daylight (hours)	Travel score
Jan	8° / 3°	84	13.3	0.4	8	1.2
Feb	8° / 3°	66	12.1	0.6	9.5	1.3
Mar	10° / 4°	65	12	0.4	11.5	1.9
Apr	12° / 5°	71	13	0.1	13.6	2.8
May	14° / 7°	67	13.2	0	15.4	3.8
Jun	17° / 10°	67	11.5	0	16.5	4.9
Jul	18° / 12°	69	12.2	0	16.1	5.3
Aug	18° / 12°	74	12	0	14.5	5.3
Sep	16° / 10°	64	10.7	0	12.4	4.8
Oct	13° / 8°	91	12.8	0	10.3	3.4
Nov	10° / 5°	89	13.1	0.1	8.5	2.1
Dec	8° / 4°	87	13.4	0.3	7.5	1.3

Cloud cover in June

ClearMostly clearPartly cloudyMostly cloudyOvercast

The sky is clear or mostly clear about 7% of the time in June.

Beyond those clear spells, partly cloudy skies cover about 13% of June, with mostly cloudy or overcast conditions the remaining 80%.

	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19	20	21	22	23	24	25	26	27	28	29	30
Clearer (%)	24	24	24	24	23	23	22	22	22	21	20	20	20	19	19	19	18	18	18	18	18	19	18	18	18	17	17	17	15	15
Cloudier (%)	76	76	76	76	77	77	78	78	78	79	80	80	80	81	81	81	82	82	82	82	82	81	82	82	82	83	83	83	85	85

	Clearer (%)	Cloudier (%)
1	24	76
2	24	76
3	24	76
4	24	76
5	23	77
6	23	77
7	22	78
8	22	78
9	22	78
10	21	79
11	20	80
12	20	80
13	20	80
14	19	81
15	19	81
16	19	81
17	18	82
18	18	82
19	18	82
20	18	82
21	18	82
22	19	81
23	18	82
24	18	82
25	18	82
26	17	83
27	17	83
28	17	83
29	15	85
30	15	85

Chance of precipitation in June

Any precipitation

Cluain Meala gets around 67 mm of rain over 11.5 wet days in June. The line is the day-by-day chance of measurable precipitation.

Day to day, the chance of measurable rain averages around 39% and peaks near 43% on the wettest days.

	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19	20	21	22	23	24	25	26	27	28	29	30
Rain chance (%)	43	42	42	42	41	41	41	40	40	39	39	38	38	37	37	36	36	35	35	35	36	36	37	37	38	38	39	39	40	40

	Rain chance (%)
1	43
2	42
3	42
4	42
5	41
6	41
7	41
8	40
9	40
10	39
11	39
12	38
13	38
14	37
15	37
16	36
17	36
18	35
19	35
20	35
21	36
22	36
23	37
24	37
25	38
26	38
27	39
28	39
29	40
30	40

Humidity in June

DryComfortableHumidMuggyOppressiveMiserable

Most of June feels dry — the stacked bands show each day's mix of comfort levels, read off the dew point.

By dew point, June lands in the dry band about 88% of days. It rarely turns muggy — the humid and sticky bands barely register.

	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19	20	21	22	23	24	25	26	27	28	29	30
Dry (%)	95	95	95	95	95	95	95	94	94	94	93	93	92	91	91	90	89	88	87	86	85	84	83	82	81	80	79	78	76	75
Comfortable (%)	5	5	5	5	5	5	5	6	6	6	7	7	8	9	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19	20	21	22	23	24
Humid (%)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	1

	Dry (%)	Comfortable (%)	Humid (%)
1	95	5	0
2	95	5	0
3	95	5	0
4	95	5	0
5	95	5	0
6	95	5	0
7	95	5	0
8	94	6	0
9	94	6	0
10	94	6	0
11	93	7	0
12	93	7	0
13	92	8	0
14	91	9	0
15	91	9	0
16	90	10	0
17	89	11	0
18	88	12	0
19	87	13	0
20	86	14	0
21	85	15	0
22	84	16	0
23	83	17	0
24	82	18	0
25	81	19	0
26	80	20	0
27	79	21	0
28	78	22	0
29	76	23	1
30	75	24	1

Wind in June

Winds average 13 km/h in June.

Across June, daily wind ranges from about 12 km/h on the calmest days to 13 km/h at its breeziest. It stays fairly steady from day to day.

	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19	20	21	22	23	24	25	26	27	28	29	30
Wind speed (km/h)	13	13	13	13	12	12	12	13	13	13	13	13	13	13	13	13	13	13	13	13	13	13	13	13	13	13	13	13	13	13
Feels	light breeze	light breeze	light breeze	light breeze	light breeze	light breeze	light breeze	light breeze	light breeze	light breeze	light breeze	light breeze	light breeze	light breeze	light breeze	light breeze	light breeze	light breeze	light breeze	light breeze	light breeze	light breeze	light breeze	light breeze	light breeze	light breeze	light breeze	light breeze	light breeze	light breeze

	Wind speed (km/h)	Feels
1	13	light breeze
2	13	light breeze
3	13	light breeze
4	13	light breeze
5	12	light breeze
6	12	light breeze
7	12	light breeze
8	13	light breeze
9	13	light breeze
10	13	light breeze
11	13	light breeze
12	13	light breeze
13	13	light breeze
14	13	light breeze
15	13	light breeze
16	13	light breeze
17	13	light breeze
18	13	light breeze
19	13	light breeze
20	13	light breeze
21	13	light breeze
22	13	light breeze
23	13	light breeze
24	13	light breeze
25	13	light breeze
26	13	light breeze
27	13	light breeze
28	13	light breeze
29	13	light breeze
30	13	light breeze

Sunrise & sunset in June

DaylightNight

Daylight runs from about 16 h 12 min at the start of June to 16 h 30 min by month's end. The lit band spans sunrise to sunset each day.

Days grow by about 18 minutes over June. Sunrise moves from 4:23 AM to 4:19 AM, and sunset from 8:34 PM to 8:49 PM.

	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19	20	21	22	23	24	25	26	27	28	29	30
Daylight (h)	16.2	16.2	16.2	16.3	16.3	16.3	16.4	16.4	16.4	16.4	16.4	16.5	16.5	16.5	16.5	16.5	16.5	16.5	16.5	16.6	16.6	16.6	16.6	16.6	16.6	16.5	16.5	16.5	16.5	16.5
Sunrise (AM)	4:23	4:22	4:21	4:21	4:20	4:19	4:19	4:18	4:18	4:17	4:17	4:16	4:16	4:16	4:15	4:15	4:15	4:15	4:15	4:15	4:15	4:16	4:16	4:16	4:16	4:17	4:17	4:18	4:18	4:19
Sunset (PM)	8:34	8:35	8:36	8:37	8:38	8:39	8:40	8:41	8:42	8:43	8:43	8:44	8:45	8:46	8:46	8:47	8:47	8:48	8:48	8:49	8:49	8:49	8:49	8:49	8:50	8:50	8:50	8:50	8:49	8:49

	Daylight (h)	Sunrise (AM)	Sunset (PM)
1	16.2	4:23	8:34
2	16.2	4:22	8:35
3	16.2	4:21	8:36
4	16.3	4:21	8:37
5	16.3	4:20	8:38
6	16.3	4:19	8:39
7	16.4	4:19	8:40
8	16.4	4:18	8:41
9	16.4	4:18	8:42
10	16.4	4:17	8:43
11	16.4	4:17	8:43
12	16.5	4:16	8:44
13	16.5	4:16	8:45
14	16.5	4:16	8:46
15	16.5	4:15	8:46
16	16.5	4:15	8:47
17	16.5	4:15	8:47
18	16.5	4:15	8:48
19	16.5	4:15	8:48
20	16.6	4:15	8:49
21	16.6	4:15	8:49
22	16.6	4:16	8:49
23	16.6	4:16	8:49
24	16.6	4:16	8:49
25	16.6	4:16	8:50
26	16.5	4:17	8:50
27	16.5	4:17	8:50
28	16.5	4:18	8:50
29	16.5	4:18	8:49
30	16.5	4:19	8:49

Solar energy in June

Daily solar energy (kWh/m²)

Average shortwave solar energy reaching the ground each day in June, about 5.08 kWh/m² — the sunniest month for solar.

For context, solar energy here swings from a low near 0.59 kWh/m² to a high of 5.08 kWh/m² in June across the year — June's 5.08 kWh/m² sits near the top of that range.

	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19	20	21	22	23	24	25	26	27	28	29	30
Solar energy (kWh/m²)	5.1	5.1	5.1	5.1	5.1	5.1	5.1	5.1	5.1	5.1	5.1	5.1	5.1	5.1	5.1	5.1	5.1	5.1	5.1	5.1	5.1	5.0	5.0	5.0	5.0	5.0	4.9	4.9	4.9	4.9
Level	Bright	Bright	Bright	Bright	Bright	Bright	Bright	Bright	Bright	Bright	Bright	Bright	Bright	Bright	Bright	Bright	Bright	Bright	Bright	Bright	Bright	Bright	Bright	Bright	Bright	Bright	Bright	Bright	Bright	Bright

	Solar energy (kWh/m²)	Level
1	5.1	Bright
2	5.1	Bright
3	5.1	Bright
4	5.1	Bright
5	5.1	Bright
6	5.1	Bright
7	5.1	Bright
8	5.1	Bright
9	5.1	Bright
10	5.1	Bright
11	5.1	Bright
12	5.1	Bright
13	5.1	Bright
14	5.1	Bright
15	5.1	Bright
16	5.1	Bright
17	5.1	Bright
18	5.1	Bright
19	5.1	Bright
20	5.1	Bright
21	5.1	Bright
22	5.0	Bright
23	5.0	Bright
24	5.0	Bright
25	5.0	Bright
26	5.0	Bright
27	4.9	Bright
28	4.9	Bright
29	4.9	Bright
30	4.9	Bright

Planning a trip in June

Is June a good time to visit Cluain Meala?

Our two travel scores rate June for general sightseeing and for beach or pool weather — 0 (poor) to 10 (ideal).

4.9

Sightseeing

3rd-best month of the year

1.1

Beach & pool

3rd-best month of the year

June is a reasonable time to visit Cluain Meala for sightseeing.

What to pack for Cluain Meala in June

From June's temperature range, rain chance, sun and wind — what's worth putting in the bag.

In June, Cluain Meala sees daytime highs around 17°C and nights near 10°C. Worth packing: a warm layer, rain gear and sun protection. About 12 days see rain.

a warm layerrain gearsun protection

Sea temperature near Cluain Meala in June

The nearest coast averages about 14°C in June — the other half of the beach question. The full-year curve and swim-comfort zones are below.

The sea at the nearest coast (about 34 km away) is warmest in August at about 16°C and coldest in February near 9°C.

The water stays below 20°C all year — cool enough that most swimmers want a wetsuit.

	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec
Sea temperature (°C)	9	9	9	10	12	14	16	16	15	14	12	10
Comfort	Bracing	Bracing	Bracing	Bracing	Bracing	Bracing	Cool	Cool	Cool	Bracing	Bracing	Bracing

	Sea temperature (°C)	Comfort
Jan	9	Bracing
Feb	9	Bracing
Mar	9	Bracing
Apr	10	Bracing
May	12	Bracing
Jun	14	Bracing
Jul	16	Cool
Aug	16	Cool
Sep	15	Cool
Oct	14	Bracing
Nov	12	Bracing
Dec	10	Bracing

UV index in Cluain Meala in June

LowModerateHighVery highExtreme

Clear-sky midday UV in June peaks around 6 — enough to warrant sun protection. The full-year curve, shaded by WHO exposure level, is below.

Under clear skies, the midday UV index in Cluain Meala peaks around August 12 at about 6 (high) — a little sun protection helps at midday. It bottoms out near January 1 at about 1 (low).

The index reaches 3 or more — the level where the WHO recommends sun protection — in 6 months of the year.

	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec
UV index (midday)	1	1	3	4	5	6	5	6	4	2	1	1
Level	Low	Low	Moderate	Moderate	High	High	High	High	Moderate	Moderate	Low	Low

	UV index (midday)	Level
Jan	1	Low
Feb	1	Low
Mar	3	Moderate
Apr	4	Moderate
May	5	High
Jun	6	High
Jul	5	High
Aug	6	High
Sep	4	Moderate
Oct	2	Moderate
Nov	1	Low
Dec	1	Low

Location & terrain

Where is Cluain Meala?

Cluain Meala sits at 52.4°N, 7.7°W, 24 m above sea level, in Ireland. The nearest listed city is Waterford, 42 km away.

Topography around Cluain Meala

How much the land rises and falls, and what covers it, within 3, 16 and 80 km of Cluain Meala.

Within 3 km, the terrain around Cluain Meala has significant variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 350 m around an average of 85 m above sea level; within 16 km, large variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 760 m; within 80 km, large variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 925 m.

The land around Cluain Meala is covered by grassland (56%) and trees (23%) within 3 km, grassland (72%) within 16 km, and grassland (63%) within 80 km.

3 km

350 m

grassland 56%

16 km

760 m

grassland 72%

80 km

925 m

grassland 63%

treesgrasslandcroplandartificial surfaceswater

← May Cluain Meala year-round climate July →Best places to visit in June

June weather nearby: Waterford 42 km · Kilkenny 45 km · Limerick 71 km · Cork 73 km · Douglas 73 km · Carlow 75 km · Carrigaline 77 km · Ballincollig 80 km

Ireland travel facts

Travel advisory: Level 1; Exercise Normal Precautions
Power plugs: Type G; 230 V · 50 Hz
Prices: ≈ 85% of US; price level, 2025
GDP per capita: $131,592; 2025
Happiness: 6.9 / 10; World Happiness, 2025
Safe drinking water: 96%; of population, 2024
Homicide rate: 0.7; per 100k, 2023
Road deaths: 3.1; per 100k/yr, 2019
Income group: High; World Bank
Religion

Sources: World Bank, US State Department, World Happiness Report, WHO/UNICEF, EF EPI, CIA World Factbook.

Data sources

Temperature, precipitation, cloud, humidity, wind and solar figures are a 1991–2020 climatology for Cluain Meala (52.355°, -7.7039°, elevation 24 m), computed from hourly ERA5 reanalysis — contains modified Copernicus Climate Change Service information. Sun figures are astronomical calculations, not observations. City data © GeoNames, CC BY 4.0. Map outlines from Natural Earth (public domain); interactive map © Google. Sea temperatures are the NOAA OISST v2.1 1991–2020 monthly climatology (public domain), sampled at the nearest ocean point. UV index is derived from CAMS (Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service) clear-sky UV data — contains modified Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service information. Topography is sampled from the Copernicus DEM GLO-90 elevation model (© ESA/Airbus) and ESA WorldCover 2021 land cover (CC BY 4.0).

	Avg high (°C)	Avg low (°C)
1	16	9
2	16	9
3	16	9
4	16	9
5	16	9
6	16	9
7	16	9
8	16	9
9	16	10
10	16	10
11	17	10
12	17	10
13	17	10
14	17	10
15	17	10
16	17	10
17	17	10
18	17	10
19	17	10
20	17	10
21	17	11
22	17	11
23	17	11
24	17	11
25	17	11
26	18	11
27	18	11
28	18	11
29	18	11
30	18	11

	Clearer (%)	Cloudier (%)
1	24	76
2	24	76
3	24	76
4	24	76
5	23	77
6	23	77
7	22	78
8	22	78
9	22	78
10	21	79
11	20	80
12	20	80
13	20	80
14	19	81
15	19	81
16	19	81
17	18	82
18	18	82
19	18	82
20	18	82
21	18	82
22	19	81
23	18	82
24	18	82
25	18	82
26	17	83
27	17	83
28	17	83
29	15	85
30	15	85

	Rain chance (%)
1	43
2	42
3	42
4	42
5	41
6	41
7	41
8	40
9	40
10	39
11	39
12	38
13	38
14	37
15	37
16	36
17	36
18	35
19	35
20	35
21	36
22	36
23	37
24	37
25	38
26	38
27	39
28	39
29	40
30	40

	Dry (%)	Comfortable (%)	Humid (%)
1	95	5	0
2	95	5	0
3	95	5	0
4	95	5	0
5	95	5	0
6	95	5	0
7	95	5	0
8	94	6	0
9	94	6	0
10	94	6	0
11	93	7	0
12	93	7	0
13	92	8	0
14	91	9	0
15	91	9	0
16	90	10	0
17	89	11	0
18	88	12	0
19	87	13	0
20	86	14	0
21	85	15	0
22	84	16	0
23	83	17	0
24	82	18	0
25	81	19	0
26	80	20	0
27	79	21	0
28	78	22	0
29	76	23	1
30	75	24	1

	Avg high (°C)	Avg low (°C)
1	16	9
2	16	9
3	16	9
4	16	9
5	16	9
6	16	9
7	16	9
8	16	9
9	16	10
10	16	10
11	17	10
12	17	10
13	17	10
14	17	10
15	17	10
16	17	10
17	17	10
18	17	10
19	17	10
20	17	10
21	17	11
22	17	11
23	17	11
24	17	11
25	17	11
26	18	11
27	18	11
28	18	11
29	18	11
30	18	11

	Clearer (%)	Cloudier (%)
1	24	76
2	24	76
3	24	76
4	24	76
5	23	77
6	23	77
7	22	78
8	22	78
9	22	78
10	21	79
11	20	80
12	20	80
13	20	80
14	19	81
15	19	81
16	19	81
17	18	82
18	18	82
19	18	82
20	18	82
21	18	82
22	19	81
23	18	82
24	18	82
25	18	82
26	17	83
27	17	83
28	17	83
29	15	85
30	15	85

	Rain chance (%)
1	43
2	42
3	42
4	42
5	41
6	41
7	41
8	40
9	40
10	39
11	39
12	38
13	38
14	37
15	37
16	36
17	36
18	35
19	35
20	35
21	36
22	36
23	37
24	37
25	38
26	38
27	39
28	39
29	40
30	40

	Dry (%)	Comfortable (%)	Humid (%)
1	95	5	0
2	95	5	0
3	95	5	0
4	95	5	0
5	95	5	0
6	95	5	0
7	95	5	0
8	94	6	0
9	94	6	0
10	94	6	0
11	93	7	0
12	93	7	0
13	92	8	0
14	91	9	0
15	91	9	0
16	90	10	0
17	89	11	0
18	88	12	0
19	87	13	0
20	86	14	0
21	85	15	0
22	84	16	0
23	83	17	0
24	82	18	0
25	81	19	0
26	80	20	0
27	79	21	0
28	78	22	0
29	76	23	1
30	75	24	1

	Avg high (°C)	Avg low (°C)
1	16	9
2	16	9
3	16	9
4	16	9
5	16	9
6	16	9
7	16	9
8	16	9
9	16	10
10	16	10
11	17	10
12	17	10
13	17	10
14	17	10
15	17	10
16	17	10
17	17	10
18	17	10
19	17	10
20	17	10
21	17	11
22	17	11
23	17	11
24	17	11
25	17	11
26	18	11
27	18	11
28	18	11
29	18	11
30	18	11

	Clearer (%)	Cloudier (%)
1	24	76
2	24	76
3	24	76
4	24	76
5	23	77
6	23	77
7	22	78
8	22	78
9	22	78
10	21	79
11	20	80
12	20	80
13	20	80
14	19	81
15	19	81
16	19	81
17	18	82
18	18	82
19	18	82
20	18	82
21	18	82
22	19	81
23	18	82
24	18	82
25	18	82
26	17	83
27	17	83
28	17	83
29	15	85
30	15	85

	Rain chance (%)
1	43
2	42
3	42
4	42
5	41
6	41
7	41
8	40
9	40
10	39
11	39
12	38
13	38
14	37
15	37
16	36
17	36
18	35
19	35
20	35
21	36
22	36
23	37
24	37
25	38
26	38
27	39
28	39
29	40
30	40

	Dry (%)	Comfortable (%)	Humid (%)
1	95	5	0
2	95	5	0
3	95	5	0
4	95	5	0
5	95	5	0
6	95	5	0
7	95	5	0
8	94	6	0
9	94	6	0
10	94	6	0
11	93	7	0
12	93	7	0
13	92	8	0
14	91	9	0
15	91	9	0
16	90	10	0
17	89	11	0
18	88	12	0
19	87	13	0
20	86	14	0
21	85	15	0
22	84	16	0
23	83	17	0
24	82	18	0
25	81	19	0
26	80	20	0
27	79	21	0
28	78	22	0
29	76	23	1
30	75	24	1