Douglas weather in December
In December, Douglas sees average daytime highs of 9°C and overnight lows near 6°C, with 101 mm of precipitation across 14.4 wet days and about 7.6 hours of daylight. It is the 9th-warmest and 2nd-wettest month of the year here.
Day-to-day highs hold fairly steady near 9°C through the month. The sky is clear or mostly clear about 14% of the time in December, and the air most often feels dry.
Daylight stretches from about 7 h 54 min at the start of December to 7 h 36 min by month's end. Set against the rest of the year, December is Douglas's 4th-clearest and 1st-windiest month. For the whole year in context, see Douglas's year-round climate.
- Daytime high
- 9°
- 9th warmest
- Overnight low
- 6°
- 4th coldest
- Precipitation
- 101 mm
- 14.4 wet days
- Daylight
- 7 h 36 min
- 8:43 AM – 4:17 PM
- Cloud cover
- 73%
- 4th clearest
- Wind
- 23 km/h
- 1st windiest
- Solar energy
- 0.63 kWh/m²
- Travel score
- 1.7
- out of 10
Douglas is suburb of Cork, Ireland.
Air quality: WHO Ambient Air Quality Database. Density & description: Wikidata (CC0), GeoNames.
Temperature in December
Day-to-day highs hold fairly steady near 9°C through the month.
A typical December day in Douglas reaches about 9°C in the afternoon and slips back to 6°C overnight — a 3°C spread between the day's warmth and the night's chill. On most days the high lands between 6°C and 12°C. Set against its neighbours, December runs about 2°C cooler than November and on par with January.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Avg high (°C) | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 |
| Avg low (°C) | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 |
| Avg high (°C) | Avg low (°C) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 10 | 7 |
| 2 | 10 | 7 |
| 3 | 10 | 7 |
| 4 | 10 | 7 |
| 5 | 10 | 7 |
| 6 | 10 | 7 |
| 7 | 10 | 7 |
| 8 | 10 | 7 |
| 9 | 10 | 7 |
| 10 | 10 | 7 |
| 11 | 10 | 7 |
| 12 | 10 | 7 |
| 13 | 10 | 7 |
| 14 | 9 | 6 |
| 15 | 9 | 6 |
| 16 | 9 | 6 |
| 17 | 9 | 6 |
| 18 | 9 | 6 |
| 19 | 9 | 6 |
| 20 | 9 | 6 |
| 21 | 9 | 6 |
| 22 | 9 | 6 |
| 23 | 9 | 6 |
| 24 | 9 | 6 |
| 25 | 9 | 6 |
| 26 | 9 | 6 |
| 27 | 9 | 6 |
| 28 | 9 | 6 |
| 29 | 9 | 6 |
| 30 | 9 | 6 |
| 31 | 9 | 6 |
Douglas weather by month
How December compares with the rest of the year at a glance. December is the 9th-warmest and 2nd-wettest month here — the current month is highlighted below.
| Month | High / Low (°C) | Rainfall (mm) | Wet days | Daylight (hours) | Travel score |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 9° / 6° | 96 | 14.5 | 8.1 | 1.5 |
| Feb | 9° / 6° | 74 | 11.8 | 9.6 | 1.5 |
| Mar | 9° / 6° | 68 | 11.5 | 11.5 | 1.9 |
| Apr | 11° / 7° | 67 | 11.2 | 13.6 | 2.5 |
| May | 13° / 9° | 63 | 11.8 | 15.4 | 3.4 |
| Jun | 16° / 12° | 64 | 10.4 | 16.4 | 4.5 |
| Jul | 17° / 14° | 65 | 11.1 | 16 | 5.2 |
| Aug | 17° / 14° | 72 | 11.1 | 14.4 | 5.2 |
| Sep | 16° / 12° | 70 | 10.7 | 12.4 | 4.7 |
| Oct | 14° / 10° | 101 | 13.7 | 10.4 | 3.4 |
| Nov | 11° / 8° | 96 | 13.7 | 8.6 | 2.4 |
| Dec | 9° / 6° | 101 | 14.4 | 7.6 | 1.7 |
Cloud cover in December
The sky is clear or mostly clear about 14% of the time in December.
Beyond those clear spells, partly cloudy skies cover about 15% of December, with mostly cloudy or overcast conditions the remaining 71%.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clearer (%) | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 30 | 30 | 30 | 29 | 29 | 28 | 28 | 27 | 27 | 27 | 28 | 28 | 27 | 27 | 27 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 29 | 29 | 29 | 29 |
| Cloudier (%) | 69 | 69 | 69 | 69 | 69 | 69 | 69 | 69 | 69 | 70 | 70 | 70 | 71 | 71 | 72 | 72 | 73 | 73 | 73 | 72 | 72 | 73 | 73 | 73 | 72 | 72 | 72 | 71 | 71 | 71 | 71 |
| Clearer (%) | Cloudier (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 31 | 69 |
| 2 | 31 | 69 |
| 3 | 31 | 69 |
| 4 | 31 | 69 |
| 5 | 31 | 69 |
| 6 | 31 | 69 |
| 7 | 31 | 69 |
| 8 | 31 | 69 |
| 9 | 31 | 69 |
| 10 | 30 | 70 |
| 11 | 30 | 70 |
| 12 | 30 | 70 |
| 13 | 29 | 71 |
| 14 | 29 | 71 |
| 15 | 28 | 72 |
| 16 | 28 | 72 |
| 17 | 27 | 73 |
| 18 | 27 | 73 |
| 19 | 27 | 73 |
| 20 | 28 | 72 |
| 21 | 28 | 72 |
| 22 | 27 | 73 |
| 23 | 27 | 73 |
| 24 | 27 | 73 |
| 25 | 28 | 72 |
| 26 | 28 | 72 |
| 27 | 28 | 72 |
| 28 | 29 | 71 |
| 29 | 29 | 71 |
| 30 | 29 | 71 |
| 31 | 29 | 71 |
Chance of precipitation in December
Douglas gets around 101 mm of rain and snow over 14.4 wet days in December. The line is the day-by-day chance of measurable precipitation.
Day to day, the chance of measurable precipitation averages around 46% and peaks near 47% on the wettest days, and about 0 day brings snow.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rain chance (%) | 46 | 46 | 46 | 46 | 46 | 46 | 47 | 47 | 47 | 47 | 47 | 47 | 47 | 47 | 47 | 47 | 47 | 47 | 46 | 46 | 46 | 46 | 46 | 46 | 46 | 46 | 46 | 46 | 46 | 47 | 47 |
| Rain chance (%) | |
|---|---|
| 1 | 46 |
| 2 | 46 |
| 3 | 46 |
| 4 | 46 |
| 5 | 46 |
| 6 | 46 |
| 7 | 47 |
| 8 | 47 |
| 9 | 47 |
| 10 | 47 |
| 11 | 47 |
| 12 | 47 |
| 13 | 47 |
| 14 | 47 |
| 15 | 47 |
| 16 | 47 |
| 17 | 47 |
| 18 | 47 |
| 19 | 46 |
| 20 | 46 |
| 21 | 46 |
| 22 | 46 |
| 23 | 46 |
| 24 | 46 |
| 25 | 46 |
| 26 | 46 |
| 27 | 46 |
| 28 | 46 |
| 29 | 46 |
| 30 | 47 |
| 31 | 47 |
Humidity in December
Most of December feels dry — the stacked bands show each day's mix of comfort levels, read off the dew point.
By dew point, December lands in the dry band about 100% of days. It rarely turns muggy — the humid and sticky bands barely register.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dry (%) | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
| Dry (%) | |
|---|---|
| 1 | 100 |
| 2 | 100 |
| 3 | 100 |
| 4 | 100 |
| 5 | 100 |
| 6 | 100 |
| 7 | 100 |
| 8 | 100 |
| 9 | 100 |
| 10 | 100 |
| 11 | 100 |
| 12 | 100 |
| 13 | 100 |
| 14 | 100 |
| 15 | 100 |
| 16 | 100 |
| 17 | 100 |
| 18 | 100 |
| 19 | 100 |
| 20 | 100 |
| 21 | 100 |
| 22 | 100 |
| 23 | 100 |
| 24 | 100 |
| 25 | 100 |
| 26 | 100 |
| 27 | 100 |
| 28 | 100 |
| 29 | 100 |
| 30 | 100 |
| 31 | 100 |
Wind in December
Winds average 23 km/h in December, the windiest month of the year.
Across December, daily wind ranges from about 22 km/h on the calmest days to 23 km/h at its breeziest. It stays fairly steady from day to day.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wind speed (km/h) | 22 | 22 | 22 | 22 | 22 | 23 | 23 | 23 | 23 | 23 | 23 | 23 | 23 | 23 | 23 | 23 | 23 | 23 | 23 | 23 | 23 | 23 | 23 | 23 | 23 | 23 | 23 | 23 | 23 | 23 | 23 |
| Feels | breezy | breezy | breezy | breezy | breezy | breezy | breezy | breezy | breezy | breezy | breezy | breezy | breezy | breezy | breezy | breezy | breezy | breezy | breezy | breezy | breezy | breezy | breezy | breezy | breezy | breezy | breezy | breezy | breezy | breezy | breezy |
| Wind speed (km/h) | Feels | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 22 | breezy |
| 2 | 22 | breezy |
| 3 | 22 | breezy |
| 4 | 22 | breezy |
| 5 | 22 | breezy |
| 6 | 23 | breezy |
| 7 | 23 | breezy |
| 8 | 23 | breezy |
| 9 | 23 | breezy |
| 10 | 23 | breezy |
| 11 | 23 | breezy |
| 12 | 23 | breezy |
| 13 | 23 | breezy |
| 14 | 23 | breezy |
| 15 | 23 | breezy |
| 16 | 23 | breezy |
| 17 | 23 | breezy |
| 18 | 23 | breezy |
| 19 | 23 | breezy |
| 20 | 23 | breezy |
| 21 | 23 | breezy |
| 22 | 23 | breezy |
| 23 | 23 | breezy |
| 24 | 23 | breezy |
| 25 | 23 | breezy |
| 26 | 23 | breezy |
| 27 | 23 | breezy |
| 28 | 23 | breezy |
| 29 | 23 | breezy |
| 30 | 23 | breezy |
| 31 | 23 | breezy |
Sunrise & sunset in December
Daylight runs from about 7 h 54 min at the start of December to 7 h 36 min by month's end. The lit band spans sunrise to sunset each day.
Days shrink by about 18 minutes over December. Sunrise moves from 8:27 AM to 8:49 AM, and sunset from 4:20 PM to 4:25 PM.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Daylight (h) | 7.9 | 7.9 | 7.8 | 7.8 | 7.8 | 7.7 | 7.7 | 7.7 | 7.7 | 7.6 | 7.6 | 7.6 | 7.6 | 7.6 | 7.6 | 7.6 | 7.5 | 7.5 | 7.5 | 7.5 | 7.5 | 7.5 | 7.5 | 7.5 | 7.5 | 7.5 | 7.5 | 7.6 | 7.6 | 7.6 | 7.6 |
| Sunrise (AM) | 8:27 | 8:28 | 8:30 | 8:31 | 8:32 | 8:33 | 8:34 | 8:36 | 8:37 | 8:38 | 8:39 | 8:40 | 8:41 | 8:42 | 8:42 | 8:43 | 8:44 | 8:45 | 8:45 | 8:46 | 8:46 | 8:47 | 8:47 | 8:48 | 8:48 | 8:48 | 8:49 | 8:49 | 8:49 | 8:49 | 8:49 |
| Sunset (PM) | 4:20 | 4:19 | 4:19 | 4:18 | 4:18 | 4:18 | 4:17 | 4:17 | 4:17 | 4:17 | 4:17 | 4:16 | 4:16 | 4:16 | 4:17 | 4:17 | 4:17 | 4:17 | 4:17 | 4:18 | 4:18 | 4:19 | 4:19 | 4:20 | 4:20 | 4:21 | 4:22 | 4:22 | 4:23 | 4:24 | 4:25 |
| Daylight (h) | Sunrise (AM) | Sunset (PM) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 7.9 | 8:27 | 4:20 |
| 2 | 7.9 | 8:28 | 4:19 |
| 3 | 7.8 | 8:30 | 4:19 |
| 4 | 7.8 | 8:31 | 4:18 |
| 5 | 7.8 | 8:32 | 4:18 |
| 6 | 7.7 | 8:33 | 4:18 |
| 7 | 7.7 | 8:34 | 4:17 |
| 8 | 7.7 | 8:36 | 4:17 |
| 9 | 7.7 | 8:37 | 4:17 |
| 10 | 7.6 | 8:38 | 4:17 |
| 11 | 7.6 | 8:39 | 4:17 |
| 12 | 7.6 | 8:40 | 4:16 |
| 13 | 7.6 | 8:41 | 4:16 |
| 14 | 7.6 | 8:42 | 4:16 |
| 15 | 7.6 | 8:42 | 4:17 |
| 16 | 7.6 | 8:43 | 4:17 |
| 17 | 7.5 | 8:44 | 4:17 |
| 18 | 7.5 | 8:45 | 4:17 |
| 19 | 7.5 | 8:45 | 4:17 |
| 20 | 7.5 | 8:46 | 4:18 |
| 21 | 7.5 | 8:46 | 4:18 |
| 22 | 7.5 | 8:47 | 4:19 |
| 23 | 7.5 | 8:47 | 4:19 |
| 24 | 7.5 | 8:48 | 4:20 |
| 25 | 7.5 | 8:48 | 4:20 |
| 26 | 7.5 | 8:48 | 4:21 |
| 27 | 7.5 | 8:49 | 4:22 |
| 28 | 7.6 | 8:49 | 4:22 |
| 29 | 7.6 | 8:49 | 4:23 |
| 30 | 7.6 | 8:49 | 4:24 |
| 31 | 7.6 | 8:49 | 4:25 |
Solar energy in December
Average shortwave solar energy reaching the ground each day in December, about 0.63 kWh/m² — the year's lowest.
For context, solar energy here swings from a low near 0.63 kWh/m² to a high of 5.35 kWh/m² in June across the year — December's 0.63 kWh/m² sits near the bottom.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | 0.8 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 |
| Level | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim |
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 0.8 | Dim |
| 2 | 0.7 | Dim |
| 3 | 0.7 | Dim |
| 4 | 0.7 | Dim |
| 5 | 0.7 | Dim |
| 6 | 0.7 | Dim |
| 7 | 0.7 | Dim |
| 8 | 0.7 | Dim |
| 9 | 0.7 | Dim |
| 10 | 0.7 | Dim |
| 11 | 0.6 | Dim |
| 12 | 0.6 | Dim |
| 13 | 0.6 | Dim |
| 14 | 0.6 | Dim |
| 15 | 0.6 | Dim |
| 16 | 0.6 | Dim |
| 17 | 0.6 | Dim |
| 18 | 0.6 | Dim |
| 19 | 0.6 | Dim |
| 20 | 0.6 | Dim |
| 21 | 0.6 | Dim |
| 22 | 0.6 | Dim |
| 23 | 0.6 | Dim |
| 24 | 0.6 | Dim |
| 25 | 0.6 | Dim |
| 26 | 0.6 | Dim |
| 27 | 0.6 | Dim |
| 28 | 0.6 | Dim |
| 29 | 0.6 | Dim |
| 30 | 0.6 | Dim |
| 31 | 0.6 | Dim |
Is December a good time to visit Douglas?
Our two travel scores rate December for general sightseeing and for beach or pool weather — 0 (poor) to 10 (ideal).
December is a weaker month for outdoor sightseeing in Douglas.
What to pack for Douglas in December
From December's temperature range, rain chance, sun and wind — what's worth putting in the bag.
In December, Douglas sees daytime highs around 9°C and nights near 6°C. Pack a warm layer and rain gear. Worth having: a windbreaker. About 14 days see rain.
Sea temperature near Douglas in December
The nearest coast averages about 11°C in December — the other half of the beach question. The full-year curve and swim-comfort zones are below.
The sea at the nearest coast (about 28 km away) is warmest in August at about 16°C and coldest in March near 9°C.
The water stays below 20°C all year — cool enough that most swimmers want a wetsuit.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sea temperature (°C) | 10 | 9 | 9 | 10 | 12 | 14 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 14 | 12 | 11 |
| Comfort | Bracing | Bracing | Bracing | Bracing | Bracing | Bracing | Cool | Cool | Cool | Bracing | Bracing | Bracing |
| Sea temperature (°C) | Comfort | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 10 | Bracing |
| Feb | 9 | Bracing |
| Mar | 9 | Bracing |
| Apr | 10 | Bracing |
| May | 12 | Bracing |
| Jun | 14 | Bracing |
| Jul | 16 | Cool |
| Aug | 16 | Cool |
| Sep | 16 | Cool |
| Oct | 14 | Bracing |
| Nov | 12 | Bracing |
| Dec | 11 | Bracing |
UV index in Douglas in December
Clear-sky midday UV in December peaks around 1. The full-year curve, shaded by WHO exposure level, is below.
Under clear skies, the midday UV index in Douglas peaks around August 12 at about 6 (high) — a little sun protection helps at midday. It bottoms out near January 1 at about 1 (low).
The index reaches 3 or more — the level where the WHO recommends sun protection — in 6 months of the year.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UV index (midday) | 1 | 1 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 1 |
| Level | Low | Low | Moderate | Moderate | High | High | High | High | Moderate | Moderate | Low | Low |
| UV index (midday) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 1 | Low |
| Feb | 1 | Low |
| Mar | 3 | Moderate |
| Apr | 4 | Moderate |
| May | 5 | High |
| Jun | 6 | High |
| Jul | 6 | High |
| Aug | 6 | High |
| Sep | 4 | Moderate |
| Oct | 2 | Moderate |
| Nov | 1 | Low |
| Dec | 1 | Low |
Where is Douglas?
Douglas sits at 51.9°N, 8.4°W, 11 m above sea level, in Ireland. The nearest listed city is Cork, 4.0 km away.
Topography around Douglas
How much the land rises and falls, and what covers it, within 3, 16 and 80 km of Douglas.
Within 3 km, the terrain around Douglas has only modest variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 171 m around an average of 49 m above sea level; within 16 km, significant variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 254 m; within 80 km, large variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 916 m.
The land around Douglas is covered by grassland (36%), trees (29%) and artificial surfaces (28%) within 3 km, grassland (59%) within 16 km, and grassland (56%) and water (30%) within 80 km.
Ireland travel facts
- Travel advisory
- Level 1
- Exercise Normal Precautions
- Power plugs
- Type G
- 230 V · 50 Hz
- Prices
- ≈ 85% of US
- price level, 2025
- GDP per capita
- $131,592
- 2025
- Happiness
- 6.9 / 10
- World Happiness, 2025
- Safe drinking water
- 96%
- of population, 2024
- Homicide rate
- 0.7
- per 100k, 2023
- Road deaths
- 3.1
- per 100k/yr, 2019
- Income group
- High
- World Bank
- Religion
Sources: World Bank, US State Department, World Happiness Report, WHO/UNICEF, EF EPI, CIA World Factbook.
Data sources
Temperature, precipitation, cloud, humidity, wind and solar figures are a 1991–2020 climatology for Douglas (51.8744°, -8.435°, elevation 11 m), computed from hourly ERA5 reanalysis — contains modified Copernicus Climate Change Service information. Sun figures are astronomical calculations, not observations. City data © GeoNames, CC BY 4.0. Map outlines from Natural Earth (public domain); interactive map © Google. Sea temperatures are the NOAA OISST v2.1 1991–2020 monthly climatology (public domain), sampled at the nearest ocean point. UV index is derived from CAMS (Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service) clear-sky UV data — contains modified Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service information. Topography is sampled from the Copernicus DEM GLO-90 elevation model (© ESA/Airbus) and ESA WorldCover 2021 land cover (CC BY 4.0).