Erdenet weather in May
In May, Erdenet sees average daytime highs of 17°C and overnight lows near 4°C, with 35 mm of precipitation across 7.8 wet days and about 15 hours of daylight. It is the 4th-warmest and 5th-wettest month of the year here.
Highs climb over the month, from about 14°C in the first days to 19°C by the end. The sky is clear or mostly clear about 26% of the time in May, and the air most often feels dry.
Daylight stretches from about 14 h 18 min at the start of May to 15 h 36 min by month's end. Set against the rest of the year, May is Erdenet's 10th-clearest and 2nd-windiest month. For the whole year in context, see Erdenet's year-round climate.
- Daytime high
- 17°
- 4th warmest
- Overnight low
- 4°
- 8th coldest
- Precipitation
- 35 mm
- 7.8 wet days
- Daylight
- 15 h 06 min
- 5:28 AM – 8:32 PM
- Cloud cover
- 60%
- 10th clearest
- Wind
- 11 km/h
- 2nd windiest
- Solar energy
- 6.44 kWh/m²
- Travel score
- 5.5
- out of 10
Erdenet is capital city of Orkhon Province, Mongolia.
- Density
- 470/km²
- people per km²
- Founded
- 1975
Air quality: WHO Ambient Air Quality Database. Density & description: Wikidata (CC0), GeoNames.
Temperature in May
Highs climb over the month, from about 14°C in the first days to 19°C by the end.
A typical May day in Erdenet reaches about 17°C in the afternoon and slips back to 4°C overnight — a 13°C spread between the day's warmth and the night's chill. On most days the high lands between 9°C and 24°C. Set against its neighbours, May runs about 7°C warmer than April and about 5°C cooler than June.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Avg high (°C) | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 19 | 19 | 19 | 19 | 19 | 20 | 20 |
| Avg low (°C) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 7 | 7 |
| Avg high (°C) | Avg low (°C) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 14 | 1 |
| 2 | 14 | 1 |
| 3 | 14 | 1 |
| 4 | 14 | 1 |
| 5 | 14 | 1 |
| 6 | 15 | 2 |
| 7 | 15 | 2 |
| 8 | 15 | 2 |
| 9 | 15 | 2 |
| 10 | 15 | 2 |
| 11 | 16 | 3 |
| 12 | 16 | 3 |
| 13 | 16 | 3 |
| 14 | 16 | 3 |
| 15 | 17 | 3 |
| 16 | 17 | 4 |
| 17 | 17 | 4 |
| 18 | 17 | 4 |
| 19 | 17 | 4 |
| 20 | 18 | 4 |
| 21 | 18 | 5 |
| 22 | 18 | 5 |
| 23 | 18 | 5 |
| 24 | 18 | 5 |
| 25 | 19 | 5 |
| 26 | 19 | 6 |
| 27 | 19 | 6 |
| 28 | 19 | 6 |
| 29 | 19 | 6 |
| 30 | 20 | 7 |
| 31 | 20 | 7 |
How May really feels in Erdenet
Once humidity and wind are folded in, May averages 0 days that feel above 32°C and 13 that feel at or below 0°C — the comfort signal a plain temperature reading hides.
The story in May is cold — wind chill drags the overnight "feels like" below the raw low.
Erdenet weather by month
How May compares with the rest of the year at a glance. May is the 4th-warmest and 5th-wettest month here — the current month is highlighted below.
| Month | High / Low (°C) | Rainfall (mm) | Wet days | Snow days | Daylight (hours) | Travel score |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | -14° / -24° | 2 | 0.4 | 0.9 | 8.5 | 0.0 |
| Feb | -9° / -20° | 3 | 0.8 | 1.4 | 9.8 | 0.0 |
| Mar | 1° / -12° | 8 | 2.4 | 3 | 11.6 | 0.0 |
| Apr | 10° / -3° | 21 | 5.5 | 4.1 | 13.4 | 2.4 |
| May | 17° / 4° | 35 | 7.8 | 2.7 | 15 | 5.5 |
| Jun | 22° / 10° | 63 | 11.2 | 0.1 | 15.9 | 6.3 |
| Jul | 23° / 13° | 91 | 13.5 | 0 | 15.6 | 6.2 |
| Aug | 21° / 11° | 86 | 12.1 | 0 | 14.2 | 6.2 |
| Sep | 16° / 4° | 38 | 7.7 | 1.5 | 12.4 | 5.2 |
| Oct | 7° / -5° | 17 | 4.3 | 3.7 | 10.5 | 1.3 |
| Nov | -4° / -14° | 8 | 2.6 | 3.2 | 8.9 | 0.0 |
| Dec | -12° / -21° | 3 | 1.2 | 1.7 | 8.1 | 0.0 |
Cloud cover in May
The sky is clear or mostly clear about 26% of the time in May.
Beyond those clear spells, partly cloudy skies cover about 20% of May, with mostly cloudy or overcast conditions the remaining 54%.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clearer (%) | 43 | 43 | 43 | 43 | 43 | 43 | 43 | 44 | 43 | 44 | 44 | 45 | 45 | 46 | 47 | 47 | 47 | 48 | 48 | 49 | 49 | 49 | 49 | 49 | 48 | 48 | 49 | 48 | 47 | 47 | 47 |
| Cloudier (%) | 57 | 57 | 57 | 57 | 57 | 57 | 57 | 56 | 57 | 56 | 56 | 55 | 55 | 54 | 53 | 53 | 53 | 52 | 52 | 51 | 51 | 51 | 51 | 51 | 52 | 52 | 51 | 52 | 53 | 53 | 53 |
| Clearer (%) | Cloudier (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 43 | 57 |
| 2 | 43 | 57 |
| 3 | 43 | 57 |
| 4 | 43 | 57 |
| 5 | 43 | 57 |
| 6 | 43 | 57 |
| 7 | 43 | 57 |
| 8 | 44 | 56 |
| 9 | 43 | 57 |
| 10 | 44 | 56 |
| 11 | 44 | 56 |
| 12 | 45 | 55 |
| 13 | 45 | 55 |
| 14 | 46 | 54 |
| 15 | 47 | 53 |
| 16 | 47 | 53 |
| 17 | 47 | 53 |
| 18 | 48 | 52 |
| 19 | 48 | 52 |
| 20 | 49 | 51 |
| 21 | 49 | 51 |
| 22 | 49 | 51 |
| 23 | 49 | 51 |
| 24 | 49 | 51 |
| 25 | 48 | 52 |
| 26 | 48 | 52 |
| 27 | 49 | 51 |
| 28 | 48 | 52 |
| 29 | 47 | 53 |
| 30 | 47 | 53 |
| 31 | 47 | 53 |
Chance of precipitation in May
Erdenet gets around 35 mm of rain and snow over 7.8 wet days in May. The line is the day-by-day chance of measurable precipitation.
Day to day, the chance of measurable precipitation averages around 25% and peaks near 28% on the wettest days, and about 3 days bring snow. The odds climb toward the end of the month.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rain chance (%) | 20 | 20 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 22 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 24 | 25 | 25 | 26 | 26 | 27 | 27 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 27 | 27 | 27 | 27 | 27 | 27 | 27 |
| Snow chance (%) | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 9 | 9 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 7 | 7 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 3 |
| Rain chance (%) | Snow chance (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 20 | 11 |
| 2 | 20 | 11 |
| 3 | 21 | 11 |
| 4 | 21 | 11 |
| 5 | 21 | 11 |
| 6 | 22 | 11 |
| 7 | 22 | 11 |
| 8 | 23 | 11 |
| 9 | 24 | 11 |
| 10 | 24 | 11 |
| 11 | 25 | 11 |
| 12 | 25 | 10 |
| 13 | 26 | 10 |
| 14 | 26 | 10 |
| 15 | 27 | 9 |
| 16 | 27 | 9 |
| 17 | 28 | 8 |
| 18 | 28 | 8 |
| 19 | 28 | 8 |
| 20 | 28 | 8 |
| 21 | 28 | 7 |
| 22 | 28 | 7 |
| 23 | 28 | 6 |
| 24 | 28 | 6 |
| 25 | 27 | 6 |
| 26 | 27 | 5 |
| 27 | 27 | 5 |
| 28 | 27 | 4 |
| 29 | 27 | 4 |
| 30 | 27 | 3 |
| 31 | 27 | 3 |
Humidity in May
Most of May feels dry — the stacked bands show each day's mix of comfort levels, read off the dew point.
By dew point, May lands in the dry band about 100% of days. It rarely turns muggy — the humid and sticky bands barely register.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dry (%) | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
| Dry (%) | |
|---|---|
| 1 | 100 |
| 2 | 100 |
| 3 | 100 |
| 4 | 100 |
| 5 | 100 |
| 6 | 100 |
| 7 | 100 |
| 8 | 100 |
| 9 | 100 |
| 10 | 100 |
| 11 | 100 |
| 12 | 100 |
| 13 | 100 |
| 14 | 100 |
| 15 | 100 |
| 16 | 100 |
| 17 | 100 |
| 18 | 100 |
| 19 | 100 |
| 20 | 100 |
| 21 | 100 |
| 22 | 100 |
| 23 | 100 |
| 24 | 100 |
| 25 | 100 |
| 26 | 100 |
| 27 | 100 |
| 28 | 100 |
| 29 | 100 |
| 30 | 100 |
| 31 | 100 |
Wind in May
Winds average 11 km/h in May.
Across May, daily wind ranges from about 10 km/h on the calmest days to 11 km/h at its breeziest. It stays fairly steady from day to day.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wind speed (km/h) | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 |
| Feels | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm |
| Wind speed (km/h) | Feels | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 11 | calm |
| 2 | 11 | calm |
| 3 | 11 | calm |
| 4 | 11 | calm |
| 5 | 11 | calm |
| 6 | 11 | calm |
| 7 | 11 | calm |
| 8 | 11 | calm |
| 9 | 11 | calm |
| 10 | 11 | calm |
| 11 | 11 | calm |
| 12 | 11 | calm |
| 13 | 11 | calm |
| 14 | 11 | calm |
| 15 | 11 | calm |
| 16 | 11 | calm |
| 17 | 11 | calm |
| 18 | 11 | calm |
| 19 | 11 | calm |
| 20 | 11 | calm |
| 21 | 11 | calm |
| 22 | 11 | calm |
| 23 | 11 | calm |
| 24 | 11 | calm |
| 25 | 11 | calm |
| 26 | 11 | calm |
| 27 | 11 | calm |
| 28 | 10 | calm |
| 29 | 10 | calm |
| 30 | 10 | calm |
| 31 | 10 | calm |
Sunrise & sunset in May
Daylight runs from about 14 h 18 min at the start of May to 15 h 36 min by month's end. The lit band spans sunrise to sunset each day.
Days grow by about 78 minutes over May. Sunrise moves from 5:52 AM to 5:12 AM, and sunset from 8:10 PM to 8:50 PM.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Daylight (h) | 14.3 | 14.4 | 14.4 | 14.5 | 14.5 | 14.6 | 14.6 | 14.7 | 14.7 | 14.8 | 14.8 | 14.9 | 14.9 | 15.0 | 15.0 | 15.1 | 15.1 | 15.2 | 15.2 | 15.2 | 15.3 | 15.3 | 15.4 | 15.4 | 15.4 | 15.5 | 15.5 | 15.5 | 15.6 | 15.6 | 15.6 |
| Sunrise (AM) | 5:52 | 5:50 | 5:48 | 5:46 | 5:45 | 5:43 | 5:41 | 5:40 | 5:38 | 5:37 | 5:35 | 5:34 | 5:32 | 5:31 | 5:29 | 5:28 | 5:27 | 5:25 | 5:24 | 5:23 | 5:22 | 5:21 | 5:19 | 5:18 | 5:17 | 5:16 | 5:15 | 5:14 | 5:14 | 5:13 | 5:12 |
| Sunset (PM) | 8:10 | 8:12 | 8:13 | 8:15 | 8:16 | 8:18 | 8:19 | 8:21 | 8:22 | 8:23 | 8:25 | 8:26 | 8:28 | 8:29 | 8:30 | 8:32 | 8:33 | 8:35 | 8:36 | 8:37 | 8:38 | 8:40 | 8:41 | 8:42 | 8:43 | 8:45 | 8:46 | 8:47 | 8:48 | 8:49 | 8:50 |
| Daylight (h) | Sunrise (AM) | Sunset (PM) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 14.3 | 5:52 | 8:10 |
| 2 | 14.4 | 5:50 | 8:12 |
| 3 | 14.4 | 5:48 | 8:13 |
| 4 | 14.5 | 5:46 | 8:15 |
| 5 | 14.5 | 5:45 | 8:16 |
| 6 | 14.6 | 5:43 | 8:18 |
| 7 | 14.6 | 5:41 | 8:19 |
| 8 | 14.7 | 5:40 | 8:21 |
| 9 | 14.7 | 5:38 | 8:22 |
| 10 | 14.8 | 5:37 | 8:23 |
| 11 | 14.8 | 5:35 | 8:25 |
| 12 | 14.9 | 5:34 | 8:26 |
| 13 | 14.9 | 5:32 | 8:28 |
| 14 | 15.0 | 5:31 | 8:29 |
| 15 | 15.0 | 5:29 | 8:30 |
| 16 | 15.1 | 5:28 | 8:32 |
| 17 | 15.1 | 5:27 | 8:33 |
| 18 | 15.2 | 5:25 | 8:35 |
| 19 | 15.2 | 5:24 | 8:36 |
| 20 | 15.2 | 5:23 | 8:37 |
| 21 | 15.3 | 5:22 | 8:38 |
| 22 | 15.3 | 5:21 | 8:40 |
| 23 | 15.4 | 5:19 | 8:41 |
| 24 | 15.4 | 5:18 | 8:42 |
| 25 | 15.4 | 5:17 | 8:43 |
| 26 | 15.5 | 5:16 | 8:45 |
| 27 | 15.5 | 5:15 | 8:46 |
| 28 | 15.5 | 5:14 | 8:47 |
| 29 | 15.6 | 5:14 | 8:48 |
| 30 | 15.6 | 5:13 | 8:49 |
| 31 | 15.6 | 5:12 | 8:50 |
Solar energy in May
Average shortwave solar energy reaching the ground each day in May, about 6.44 kWh/m².
For context, solar energy here swings from a low near 1.38 kWh/m² to a high of 6.45 kWh/m² in June across the year — May's 6.44 kWh/m² sits near the top of that range.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | 6.0 | 6.0 | 6.1 | 6.1 | 6.1 | 6.2 | 6.2 | 6.2 | 6.2 | 6.3 | 6.3 | 6.3 | 6.4 | 6.4 | 6.4 | 6.5 | 6.5 | 6.5 | 6.5 | 6.5 | 6.6 | 6.6 | 6.6 | 6.6 | 6.6 | 6.6 | 6.6 | 6.7 | 6.7 | 6.7 | 6.7 |
| Level | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense |
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 6.0 | Intense |
| 2 | 6.0 | Intense |
| 3 | 6.1 | Intense |
| 4 | 6.1 | Intense |
| 5 | 6.1 | Intense |
| 6 | 6.2 | Intense |
| 7 | 6.2 | Intense |
| 8 | 6.2 | Intense |
| 9 | 6.2 | Intense |
| 10 | 6.3 | Intense |
| 11 | 6.3 | Intense |
| 12 | 6.3 | Intense |
| 13 | 6.4 | Intense |
| 14 | 6.4 | Intense |
| 15 | 6.4 | Intense |
| 16 | 6.5 | Intense |
| 17 | 6.5 | Intense |
| 18 | 6.5 | Intense |
| 19 | 6.5 | Intense |
| 20 | 6.5 | Intense |
| 21 | 6.6 | Intense |
| 22 | 6.6 | Intense |
| 23 | 6.6 | Intense |
| 24 | 6.6 | Intense |
| 25 | 6.6 | Intense |
| 26 | 6.6 | Intense |
| 27 | 6.6 | Intense |
| 28 | 6.7 | Intense |
| 29 | 6.7 | Intense |
| 30 | 6.7 | Intense |
| 31 | 6.7 | Intense |
Is May a good time to visit Erdenet?
Our two travel scores rate May for general sightseeing and for beach or pool weather — 0 (poor) to 10 (ideal).
May is a reasonable time to visit Erdenet for sightseeing.
What to pack for Erdenet in May
From May's temperature range, rain chance, sun and wind — what's worth putting in the bag.
In May, Erdenet sees daytime highs around 17°C and nights near 4°C. Pack sun protection. Worth having: a warm layer. About 8 days see rain.
UV index in Erdenet in May
Clear-sky midday UV in May peaks around 6 — enough to warrant sun protection. The full-year curve, shaded by WHO exposure level, is below.
Under clear skies, the midday UV index in Erdenet peaks around July 15 at about 7 (very high) — sunscreen and a hat are worth it in the middle of the day. It bottoms out near December 19 at about 1 (low).
The index reaches 3 or more — the level where the WHO recommends sun protection — in 7 months of the year.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UV index (midday) | 1 | 2 | 3 | 6 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 7 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 1 |
| Level | Low | Low | Moderate | High | High | High | Very high | High | Moderate | Moderate | Low | Low |
| UV index (midday) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 1 | Low |
| Feb | 2 | Low |
| Mar | 3 | Moderate |
| Apr | 6 | High |
| May | 6 | High |
| Jun | 7 | High |
| Jul | 8 | Very high |
| Aug | 7 | High |
| Sep | 4 | Moderate |
| Oct | 2 | Moderate |
| Nov | 1 | Low |
| Dec | 1 | Low |
Where is Erdenet?
Erdenet sits at 49.0°N, 104.1°E, 1,307 m above sea level, in Mongolia. The nearest listed city is Bulgan, 47 km away.
Topography around Erdenet
How much the land rises and falls, and what covers it, within 3, 16 and 80 km of Erdenet.
Within 3 km, the terrain around Erdenet has significant variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 319 m around an average of 1,356 m above sea level; within 16 km, large variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 653 m; within 80 km, very significant variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 1,364 m.
The land around Erdenet is covered by grassland (73%) within 3 km, grassland (75%) within 16 km, and grassland (69%) and trees (28%) within 80 km.
Mongolia travel facts
- Travel advisory
- Level 1
- Exercise Normal Precautions
- Power plugs
- Type C / E / F
- 220 V · 50 Hz
- Prices
- ≈ 34% of US
- price level, 2025
- GDP per capita
- $7,108
- 2025
- Happiness
- 5.9 / 10
- World Happiness, 2025
- Safe drinking water
- 43%
- of population, 2024
- Homicide rate
- 5.9
- per 100k, 2023
- Road deaths
- 21
- per 100k/yr, 2019
- Income group
- Upper middle
- World Bank
- English
- Very low
- EF EPI 447
- Religion
Sources: World Bank, US State Department, World Happiness Report, WHO/UNICEF, EF EPI, CIA World Factbook.
Data sources
Temperature, precipitation, cloud, humidity, wind and solar figures are a 1991–2020 climatology for Erdenet (49.0333°, 104.0833°, elevation 1,307 m), computed from hourly ERA5 reanalysis — contains modified Copernicus Climate Change Service information. Sun figures are astronomical calculations, not observations. City data © GeoNames, CC BY 4.0. Map outlines from Natural Earth (public domain); interactive map © Google. UV index is derived from CAMS (Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service) clear-sky UV data — contains modified Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service information. Topography is sampled from the Copernicus DEM GLO-90 elevation model (© ESA/Airbus) and ESA WorldCover 2021 land cover (CC BY 4.0).