Beja weather in June
In June, Beja sees average daytime highs of 29°C and overnight lows near 16°C, with 10 mm of rain across 1.7 wet days and about 14.6 hours of daylight. It is the 3rd-warmest and 10th-wettest month of the year here.
Highs climb over the month, from about 27°C in the first days to 31°C by the end. The sky is clear or mostly clear about 65% of the time in June, and the air most often feels dry.
Daylight stretches from about 14 h 24 min at the start of June to 14 h 36 min by month's end. Set against the rest of the year, June is Beja's 3rd-clearest and 5th-windiest month. For the whole year in context, see Beja's year-round climate.
- Daytime high
- 29°
- 3rd warmest
- Overnight low
- 16°
- 9th coldest
- Rainfall
- 10 mm
- 1.7 wet days
- Daylight
- 14 h 36 min
- 5:13 AM – 7:50 PM
- Cloud cover
- 31%
- 3rd clearest
- Wind
- 10 km/h
- 5th windiest
- Solar energy
- 7.57 kWh/m²
- Travel score
- 6.9
- out of 10
Beja is city seat of Beja municipality.
Air quality: WHO Ambient Air Quality Database. Density & description: Wikidata (CC0), GeoNames.
Temperature in June
Highs climb over the month, from about 27°C in the first days to 31°C by the end.
A typical June day in Beja reaches about 29°C in the afternoon and slips back to 16°C overnight — a 14°C spread between the day's warmth and the night's chill. On most days the high lands between 23°C and 35°C. Set against its neighbours, June runs about 4°C warmer than May and about 3°C cooler than July.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Avg high (°C) | 27 | 27 | 27 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 29 | 29 | 29 | 29 | 29 | 29 | 30 | 30 | 30 | 30 | 30 | 30 | 30 | 30 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 |
| Avg low (°C) | 14 | 14 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 17 | 17 | 17 |
| Avg high (°C) | Avg low (°C) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 27 | 14 |
| 2 | 27 | 14 |
| 3 | 27 | 15 |
| 4 | 28 | 15 |
| 5 | 28 | 15 |
| 6 | 28 | 15 |
| 7 | 28 | 15 |
| 8 | 28 | 15 |
| 9 | 28 | 15 |
| 10 | 28 | 15 |
| 11 | 29 | 15 |
| 12 | 29 | 15 |
| 13 | 29 | 16 |
| 14 | 29 | 16 |
| 15 | 29 | 16 |
| 16 | 29 | 16 |
| 17 | 30 | 16 |
| 18 | 30 | 16 |
| 19 | 30 | 16 |
| 20 | 30 | 16 |
| 21 | 30 | 16 |
| 22 | 30 | 16 |
| 23 | 30 | 16 |
| 24 | 30 | 16 |
| 25 | 31 | 16 |
| 26 | 31 | 16 |
| 27 | 31 | 16 |
| 28 | 31 | 17 |
| 29 | 31 | 17 |
| 30 | 31 | 17 |
How June really feels in Beja
Once humidity and wind are folded in, June averages 0 days that feel above 32°C and 0 that feel at or below 0°C — the comfort signal a plain temperature reading hides.
June sits comfortably in between — no days that feel dangerously hot or drop to a hard freeze once humidity and wind are folded in.
Beja weather by month
How June compares with the rest of the year at a glance. June is the 3rd-warmest and 10th-wettest month here — the current month is highlighted below.
| Month | High / Low (°C) | Rainfall (mm) | Wet days | Daylight (hours) | Travel score |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 15° / 6° | 46 | 6.8 | 9.7 | 4.8 |
| Feb | 16° / 6° | 41 | 6 | 10.5 | 5.6 |
| Mar | 19° / 8° | 48 | 6.5 | 11.7 | 6.7 |
| Apr | 21° / 10° | 44 | 7.4 | 13 | 7.0 |
| May | 25° / 13° | 36 | 6 | 14 | 7.6 |
| Jun | 29° / 16° | 10 | 1.7 | 14.6 | 6.9 |
| Jul | 32° / 17° | 2 | 0.4 | 14.4 | 5.1 |
| Aug | 32° / 18° | 4 | 0.8 | 13.5 | 5.1 |
| Sep | 29° / 16° | 25 | 3.7 | 12.3 | 6.9 |
| Oct | 24° / 13° | 66 | 7.3 | 11 | 7.3 |
| Nov | 18° / 9° | 60 | 7.4 | 9.9 | 6.3 |
| Dec | 15° / 7° | 62 | 7.6 | 9.4 | 5.0 |
Cloud cover in June
The sky is clear or mostly clear about 65% of the time in June.
Beyond those clear spells, partly cloudy skies cover about 13% of June, with mostly cloudy or overcast conditions the remaining 22%. Skies tend to open up as the month goes on.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clearer (%) | 66 | 66 | 67 | 67 | 68 | 68 | 70 | 70 | 71 | 72 | 73 | 74 | 76 | 76 | 77 | 79 | 80 | 81 | 83 | 84 | 84 | 85 | 86 | 86 | 87 | 87 | 87 | 87 | 88 | 88 |
| Cloudier (%) | 34 | 34 | 33 | 33 | 32 | 32 | 30 | 30 | 29 | 28 | 27 | 26 | 24 | 24 | 23 | 21 | 20 | 19 | 17 | 16 | 16 | 15 | 14 | 14 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 12 | 12 |
| Clearer (%) | Cloudier (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 66 | 34 |
| 2 | 66 | 34 |
| 3 | 67 | 33 |
| 4 | 67 | 33 |
| 5 | 68 | 32 |
| 6 | 68 | 32 |
| 7 | 70 | 30 |
| 8 | 70 | 30 |
| 9 | 71 | 29 |
| 10 | 72 | 28 |
| 11 | 73 | 27 |
| 12 | 74 | 26 |
| 13 | 76 | 24 |
| 14 | 76 | 24 |
| 15 | 77 | 23 |
| 16 | 79 | 21 |
| 17 | 80 | 20 |
| 18 | 81 | 19 |
| 19 | 83 | 17 |
| 20 | 84 | 16 |
| 21 | 84 | 16 |
| 22 | 85 | 15 |
| 23 | 86 | 14 |
| 24 | 86 | 14 |
| 25 | 87 | 13 |
| 26 | 87 | 13 |
| 27 | 87 | 13 |
| 28 | 87 | 13 |
| 29 | 88 | 12 |
| 30 | 88 | 12 |
Chance of precipitation in June
Beja gets around 10 mm of rain over 1.7 wet days in June. The line is the day-by-day chance of measurable precipitation.
Day to day, the chance of measurable rain averages around 6% and peaks near 11% on the wettest days. The odds ease toward the end of the month.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rain chance (%) | 11 | 10 | 10 | 9 | 9 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 |
| Rain chance (%) | |
|---|---|
| 1 | 11 |
| 2 | 10 |
| 3 | 10 |
| 4 | 9 |
| 5 | 9 |
| 6 | 8 |
| 7 | 8 |
| 8 | 8 |
| 9 | 8 |
| 10 | 8 |
| 11 | 8 |
| 12 | 7 |
| 13 | 7 |
| 14 | 7 |
| 15 | 7 |
| 16 | 6 |
| 17 | 6 |
| 18 | 6 |
| 19 | 6 |
| 20 | 5 |
| 21 | 5 |
| 22 | 5 |
| 23 | 4 |
| 24 | 4 |
| 25 | 4 |
| 26 | 3 |
| 27 | 3 |
| 28 | 3 |
| 29 | 3 |
| 30 | 3 |
Humidity in June
Most of June feels dry — the stacked bands show each day's mix of comfort levels, read off the dew point.
By dew point, June lands in the dry band about 59% of days. It rarely turns muggy — the humid and sticky bands barely register.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dry (%) | 69 | 68 | 68 | 67 | 67 | 67 | 66 | 64 | 64 | 63 | 63 | 62 | 60 | 60 | 59 | 58 | 57 | 56 | 55 | 54 | 54 | 53 | 52 | 52 | 51 | 52 | 51 | 51 | 50 | 49 |
| Comfortable (%) | 27 | 28 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 30 | 31 | 32 | 32 | 33 | 33 | 34 | 35 | 35 | 36 | 37 | 37 | 38 | 39 | 40 | 40 | 41 | 42 | 42 | 43 | 43 | 44 | 44 | 45 | 45 |
| Humid (%) | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 |
| Dry (%) | Comfortable (%) | Humid (%) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 69 | 27 | 4 |
| 2 | 68 | 28 | 4 |
| 3 | 68 | 28 | 4 |
| 4 | 67 | 29 | 4 |
| 5 | 67 | 30 | 3 |
| 6 | 67 | 30 | 3 |
| 7 | 66 | 31 | 3 |
| 8 | 64 | 32 | 4 |
| 9 | 64 | 32 | 4 |
| 10 | 63 | 33 | 4 |
| 11 | 63 | 33 | 4 |
| 12 | 62 | 34 | 4 |
| 13 | 60 | 35 | 5 |
| 14 | 60 | 35 | 5 |
| 15 | 59 | 36 | 5 |
| 16 | 58 | 37 | 5 |
| 17 | 57 | 37 | 6 |
| 18 | 56 | 38 | 6 |
| 19 | 55 | 39 | 6 |
| 20 | 54 | 40 | 6 |
| 21 | 54 | 40 | 6 |
| 22 | 53 | 41 | 6 |
| 23 | 52 | 42 | 6 |
| 24 | 52 | 42 | 6 |
| 25 | 51 | 43 | 6 |
| 26 | 52 | 43 | 5 |
| 27 | 51 | 44 | 5 |
| 28 | 51 | 44 | 5 |
| 29 | 50 | 45 | 5 |
| 30 | 49 | 45 | 5 |
Wind in June
Winds average 10 km/h in June.
Across June, daily wind ranges from about 10 km/h on the calmest days to 11 km/h at its breeziest. It stays fairly steady from day to day.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wind speed (km/h) | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 |
| Feels | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm |
| Wind speed (km/h) | Feels | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 11 | calm |
| 2 | 11 | calm |
| 3 | 11 | calm |
| 4 | 11 | calm |
| 5 | 11 | calm |
| 6 | 11 | calm |
| 7 | 11 | calm |
| 8 | 11 | calm |
| 9 | 11 | calm |
| 10 | 11 | calm |
| 11 | 11 | calm |
| 12 | 11 | calm |
| 13 | 11 | calm |
| 14 | 11 | calm |
| 15 | 10 | calm |
| 16 | 10 | calm |
| 17 | 10 | calm |
| 18 | 10 | calm |
| 19 | 10 | calm |
| 20 | 10 | calm |
| 21 | 10 | calm |
| 22 | 10 | calm |
| 23 | 10 | calm |
| 24 | 10 | calm |
| 25 | 10 | calm |
| 26 | 10 | calm |
| 27 | 11 | calm |
| 28 | 11 | calm |
| 29 | 11 | calm |
| 30 | 11 | calm |
Sunrise & sunset in June
Daylight runs from about 14 h 24 min at the start of June to 14 h 36 min by month's end. The lit band spans sunrise to sunset each day.
Days grow by about 12 minutes over June. Sunrise moves from 5:16 AM to 5:16 AM, and sunset from 7:42 PM to 7:53 PM.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Daylight (h) | 14.4 | 14.5 | 14.5 | 14.5 | 14.5 | 14.5 | 14.5 | 14.5 | 14.6 | 14.6 | 14.6 | 14.6 | 14.6 | 14.6 | 14.6 | 14.6 | 14.6 | 14.6 | 14.6 | 14.6 | 14.6 | 14.6 | 14.6 | 14.6 | 14.6 | 14.6 | 14.6 | 14.6 | 14.6 | 14.6 |
| Sunrise (AM) | 5:16 | 5:15 | 5:15 | 5:15 | 5:14 | 5:14 | 5:14 | 5:14 | 5:14 | 5:13 | 5:13 | 5:13 | 5:13 | 5:13 | 5:13 | 5:13 | 5:13 | 5:13 | 5:13 | 5:13 | 5:14 | 5:14 | 5:14 | 5:14 | 5:14 | 5:15 | 5:15 | 5:15 | 5:16 | 5:16 |
| Sunset (PM) | 7:42 | 7:43 | 7:43 | 7:44 | 7:45 | 7:45 | 7:46 | 7:47 | 7:47 | 7:48 | 7:48 | 7:49 | 7:49 | 7:50 | 7:50 | 7:50 | 7:51 | 7:51 | 7:51 | 7:52 | 7:52 | 7:52 | 7:52 | 7:53 | 7:53 | 7:53 | 7:53 | 7:53 | 7:53 | 7:53 |
| Daylight (h) | Sunrise (AM) | Sunset (PM) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 14.4 | 5:16 | 7:42 |
| 2 | 14.5 | 5:15 | 7:43 |
| 3 | 14.5 | 5:15 | 7:43 |
| 4 | 14.5 | 5:15 | 7:44 |
| 5 | 14.5 | 5:14 | 7:45 |
| 6 | 14.5 | 5:14 | 7:45 |
| 7 | 14.5 | 5:14 | 7:46 |
| 8 | 14.5 | 5:14 | 7:47 |
| 9 | 14.6 | 5:14 | 7:47 |
| 10 | 14.6 | 5:13 | 7:48 |
| 11 | 14.6 | 5:13 | 7:48 |
| 12 | 14.6 | 5:13 | 7:49 |
| 13 | 14.6 | 5:13 | 7:49 |
| 14 | 14.6 | 5:13 | 7:50 |
| 15 | 14.6 | 5:13 | 7:50 |
| 16 | 14.6 | 5:13 | 7:50 |
| 17 | 14.6 | 5:13 | 7:51 |
| 18 | 14.6 | 5:13 | 7:51 |
| 19 | 14.6 | 5:13 | 7:51 |
| 20 | 14.6 | 5:13 | 7:52 |
| 21 | 14.6 | 5:14 | 7:52 |
| 22 | 14.6 | 5:14 | 7:52 |
| 23 | 14.6 | 5:14 | 7:52 |
| 24 | 14.6 | 5:14 | 7:53 |
| 25 | 14.6 | 5:14 | 7:53 |
| 26 | 14.6 | 5:15 | 7:53 |
| 27 | 14.6 | 5:15 | 7:53 |
| 28 | 14.6 | 5:15 | 7:53 |
| 29 | 14.6 | 5:16 | 7:53 |
| 30 | 14.6 | 5:16 | 7:53 |
Solar energy in June
Average shortwave solar energy reaching the ground each day in June, about 7.57 kWh/m².
For context, solar energy here swings from a low near 2.1 kWh/m² to a high of 7.86 kWh/m² in July across the year — June's 7.57 kWh/m² sits near the top of that range.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | 7.1 | 7.2 | 7.2 | 7.2 | 7.2 | 7.3 | 7.3 | 7.3 | 7.3 | 7.4 | 7.4 | 7.4 | 7.5 | 7.5 | 7.5 | 7.6 | 7.6 | 7.6 | 7.7 | 7.7 | 7.7 | 7.7 | 7.7 | 7.8 | 7.8 | 7.8 | 7.8 | 7.8 | 7.8 | 7.8 |
| Level | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense |
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 7.1 | Intense |
| 2 | 7.2 | Intense |
| 3 | 7.2 | Intense |
| 4 | 7.2 | Intense |
| 5 | 7.2 | Intense |
| 6 | 7.3 | Intense |
| 7 | 7.3 | Intense |
| 8 | 7.3 | Intense |
| 9 | 7.3 | Intense |
| 10 | 7.4 | Intense |
| 11 | 7.4 | Intense |
| 12 | 7.4 | Intense |
| 13 | 7.5 | Intense |
| 14 | 7.5 | Intense |
| 15 | 7.5 | Intense |
| 16 | 7.6 | Intense |
| 17 | 7.6 | Intense |
| 18 | 7.6 | Intense |
| 19 | 7.7 | Intense |
| 20 | 7.7 | Intense |
| 21 | 7.7 | Intense |
| 22 | 7.7 | Intense |
| 23 | 7.7 | Intense |
| 24 | 7.8 | Intense |
| 25 | 7.8 | Intense |
| 26 | 7.8 | Intense |
| 27 | 7.8 | Intense |
| 28 | 7.8 | Intense |
| 29 | 7.8 | Intense |
| 30 | 7.8 | Intense |
Is June a good time to visit Beja?
Our two travel scores rate June for general sightseeing and for beach or pool weather — 0 (poor) to 10 (ideal).
June is a reasonable time to visit Beja for sightseeing. The water and warmth also suit a beach or pool day.
What to pack for Beja in June
From June's temperature range, rain chance, sun and wind — what's worth putting in the bag.
In June, Beja sees daytime highs around 29°C and nights near 16°C. Pack light clothes and sun protection.
UV index in Beja in June
Clear-sky midday UV in June peaks around 9 (very high — sun protection essential). The full-year curve, shaded by WHO exposure level, is below.
Under clear skies, the midday UV index in Beja peaks around July 12 at about 9 (very high) — sunscreen, a hat and midday shade are essential. It bottoms out near December 20 at about 2 (low).
The index reaches 3 or more — the level where the WHO recommends sun protection — in 8 months of the year.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UV index (midday) | 2 | 3 | 6 | 8 | 7 | 9 | 10 | 9 | 6 | 5 | 3 | 2 |
| Level | Moderate | Moderate | High | Very high | Very high | Very high | Very high | Very high | High | High | Moderate | Low |
| UV index (midday) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 2 | Moderate |
| Feb | 3 | Moderate |
| Mar | 6 | High |
| Apr | 8 | Very high |
| May | 7 | Very high |
| Jun | 9 | Very high |
| Jul | 10 | Very high |
| Aug | 9 | Very high |
| Sep | 6 | High |
| Oct | 5 | High |
| Nov | 3 | Moderate |
| Dec | 2 | Low |
Where is Beja?
Beja sits at 38.0°N, 7.9°W, 286 m above sea level, in Portugal. The nearest listed city is Évora, 61 km away.
Topography around Beja
How much the land rises and falls, and what covers it, within 3, 16 and 80 km of Beja.
Within 3 km, the terrain around Beja has only modest variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 129 m around an average of 222 m above sea level; within 16 km, only modest variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 219 m; within 80 km, large variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 698 m.
The land around Beja is covered by cropland (37%) and grassland (30%) within 3 km, grassland (40%), trees (29%) and cropland (28%) within 16 km, and grassland (62%) within 80 km.
Portugal travel facts
- Travel advisory
- Level 1
- Exercise Normal Precautions
- Power plugs
- Type C / E / F
- 230 V · 50 Hz
- Prices
- ≈ 60% of US
- price level, 2025
- GDP per capita
- $32,082
- 2025
- Happiness
- 6.0 / 10
- World Happiness, 2025
- Safe drinking water
- 95%
- of population, 2024
- Homicide rate
- 0.7
- per 100k, 2022
- Road deaths
- 8.2
- per 100k/yr, 2019
- Income group
- High
- World Bank
- English
- Very high
- EF EPI 612
- Religion
Sources: World Bank, US State Department, World Happiness Report, WHO/UNICEF, EF EPI, CIA World Factbook.
Data sources
Temperature, precipitation, cloud, humidity, wind and solar figures are a 1991–2020 climatology for Beja (38.0147°, -7.8628°, elevation 286 m), computed from hourly ERA5 reanalysis — contains modified Copernicus Climate Change Service information. Sun figures are astronomical calculations, not observations. City data © GeoNames, CC BY 4.0. Map outlines from Natural Earth (public domain); interactive map © Google. UV index is derived from CAMS (Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service) clear-sky UV data — contains modified Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service information. Topography is sampled from the Copernicus DEM GLO-90 elevation model (© ESA/Airbus) and ESA WorldCover 2021 land cover (CC BY 4.0).