Portimão weather in December

In December, Portimão sees average daytime highs of 16°C and overnight lows near 8°C, with 75 mm of rain across 8.1 wet days and about 9.5 hours of daylight. It is the 11th-warmest and 1st-wettest month of the year here.

Day-to-day highs hold fairly steady near 16°C through the month. The sky is clear or mostly clear about 38% of the time in December, and the air most often feels dry.

Daylight stretches from about 9 h 36 min at the start of December to 9 h 30 min by month's end. Set against the rest of the year, December is Portimão's 12th-clearest and 8th-windiest month. For the whole year in context, see Portimão's year-round climate.

Daytime high: 16°; 11th warmest
Overnight low: 8°; 3rd coldest
Rainfall: 75 mm; 8.1 wet days
Daylight: 9 h 30 min; 7:47 AM – 5:14 PM
Cloud cover: 53%; 12th clearest
Wind: 13 km/h; 8th windiest
Solar energy: 2.26 kWh/m²
Travel score: 5.2; out of 10

Portimão is city seat of Portimão municipality.

Air quality: Moderate; PM10 31.5 µg/m³ · 2019

Air quality: WHO Ambient Air Quality Database. Density & description: Wikidata (CC0), GeoNames.

← November Portimão year-round climate January →Best places to visit in December

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Temperature in December

Average highAverage lowShaded bands: 10–90% of days

Day-to-day highs hold fairly steady near 16°C through the month.

A typical December day in Portimão reaches about 16°C in the afternoon and slips back to 8°C overnight — a 8°C spread between the day's warmth and the night's chill. On most days the high lands between 13°C and 18°C. Set against its neighbours, December runs about 3°C cooler than November and about 1°C warmer than January.

	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19	20	21	22	23	24	25	26	27	28	29	30	31
Avg high (°C)	16	16	16	16	16	16	16	16	16	16	16	16	16	16	16	16	16	16	16	16	16	16	15	15	15	15	15	15	15	15	15
Avg low (°C)	9	9	9	9	9	9	9	9	8	8	8	8	8	8	8	8	8	8	8	8	8	8	8	8	8	8	8	8	8	8	8

	Avg high (°C)	Avg low (°C)
1	16	9
2	16	9
3	16	9
4	16	9
5	16	9
6	16	9
7	16	9
8	16	9
9	16	8
10	16	8
11	16	8
12	16	8
13	16	8
14	16	8
15	16	8
16	16	8
17	16	8
18	16	8
19	16	8
20	16	8
21	16	8
22	16	8
23	15	8
24	15	8
25	15	8
26	15	8
27	15	8
28	15	8
29	15	8
30	15	8
31	15	8

Portimão weather by month

How December compares with the rest of the year at a glance. December is the 11th-warmest and 1st-wettest month here — the current month is highlighted below.

Month	High / Low (°C)	Rainfall (mm)	Wet days	Daylight (hours)	Travel score
Jan	15° / 7°	50	7	9.7	5.0
Feb	16° / 8°	47	6.1	10.6	5.5
Mar	18° / 9°	56	7.7	11.7	6.5
Apr	20° / 11°	49	7.5	12.9	6.8
May	23° / 13°	35	6	14	7.8
Jun	27° / 16°	7	1.6	14.5	8.1
Jul	30° / 17°	1	0.4	14.3	6.8
Aug	30° / 18°	3	0.6	13.4	6.6
Sep	27° / 17°	22	3.6	12.3	7.6
Oct	23° / 14°	66	7.8	11	7.3
Nov	18° / 10°	62	7.7	10	6.4
Dec	16° / 8°	75	8.1	9.5	5.2

Cloud cover in December

ClearMostly clearPartly cloudyMostly cloudyOvercast

The sky is clear or mostly clear about 38% of the time in December, the cloudiest month of the year.

Beyond those clear spells, partly cloudy skies cover about 14% of December, with mostly cloudy or overcast conditions the remaining 49%.

	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19	20	21	22	23	24	25	26	27	28	29	30	31
Clearer (%)	54	54	54	54	54	53	53	53	52	52	51	51	51	50	51	51	51	50	50	51	51	50	50	50	50	50	51	51	51	51	51
Cloudier (%)	46	46	46	46	46	47	47	47	48	48	49	49	49	50	49	49	49	50	50	49	49	50	50	50	50	50	49	49	49	49	49

	Clearer (%)	Cloudier (%)
1	54	46
2	54	46
3	54	46
4	54	46
5	54	46
6	53	47
7	53	47
8	53	47
9	52	48
10	52	48
11	51	49
12	51	49
13	51	49
14	50	50
15	51	49
16	51	49
17	51	49
18	50	50
19	50	50
20	51	49
21	51	49
22	50	50
23	50	50
24	50	50
25	50	50
26	50	50
27	51	49
28	51	49
29	51	49
30	51	49
31	51	49

Chance of precipitation in December

Any precipitation

Portimão gets around 75 mm of rain over 8.1 wet days in December, the wettest month. The line is the day-by-day chance of measurable precipitation.

Day to day, the chance of measurable rain averages around 27% and peaks near 29% on the wettest days.

	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19	20	21	22	23	24	25	26	27	28	29	30	31
Rain chance (%)	26	25	25	25	24	24	24	24	24	25	25	26	26	27	27	27	28	28	29	29	29	29	29	29	29	28	28	28	28	28	27

	Rain chance (%)
1	26
2	25
3	25
4	25
5	24
6	24
7	24
8	24
9	24
10	25
11	25
12	26
13	26
14	27
15	27
16	27
17	28
18	28
19	29
20	29
21	29
22	29
23	29
24	29
25	29
26	28
27	28
28	28
29	28
30	28
31	27

Humidity in December

DryComfortableHumidMuggyOppressiveMiserable

Most of December feels dry — the stacked bands show each day's mix of comfort levels, read off the dew point.

By dew point, December lands in the dry band about 90% of days. It rarely turns muggy — the humid and sticky bands barely register.

	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19	20	21	22	23	24	25	26	27	28	29	30	31
Dry (%)	88	89	89	89	89	89	89	89	89	89	89	89	89	90	90	90	90	90	90	91	91	91	91	90	90	90	90	90	90	89	89
Comfortable (%)	11	10	10	10	10	10	10	10	10	10	10	10	10	9	9	9	9	9	9	8	8	8	8	9	9	9	9	9	9	10	10
Humid (%)	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1

	Dry (%)	Comfortable (%)	Humid (%)
1	88	11	1
2	89	10	1
3	89	10	1
4	89	10	1
5	89	10	1
6	89	10	1
7	89	10	1
8	89	10	1
9	89	10	1
10	89	10	1
11	89	10	1
12	89	10	1
13	89	10	1
14	90	9	1
15	90	9	1
16	90	9	1
17	90	9	1
18	90	9	1
19	90	9	1
20	91	8	1
21	91	8	1
22	91	8	1
23	91	8	1
24	90	9	1
25	90	9	1
26	90	9	1
27	90	9	1
28	90	9	1
29	90	9	1
30	89	10	1
31	89	10	1

Wind in December

Winds average 13 km/h in December.

Across December, daily wind ranges from about 12 km/h on the calmest days to 13 km/h at its breeziest. It stays fairly steady from day to day.

	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19	20	21	22	23	24	25	26	27	28	29	30	31
Wind speed (km/h)	12	12	12	12	12	12	12	12	12	13	13	13	13	13	13	13	13	13	13	13	13	13	13	13	13	13	13	13	13	13	13
Feels	light breeze	light breeze	light breeze	light breeze	light breeze	light breeze	light breeze	light breeze	light breeze	light breeze	light breeze	light breeze	light breeze	light breeze	light breeze	light breeze	light breeze	light breeze	light breeze	light breeze	light breeze	light breeze	light breeze	light breeze	light breeze	light breeze	light breeze	light breeze	light breeze	light breeze	light breeze

	Wind speed (km/h)	Feels
1	12	light breeze
2	12	light breeze
3	12	light breeze
4	12	light breeze
5	12	light breeze
6	12	light breeze
7	12	light breeze
8	12	light breeze
9	12	light breeze
10	13	light breeze
11	13	light breeze
12	13	light breeze
13	13	light breeze
14	13	light breeze
15	13	light breeze
16	13	light breeze
17	13	light breeze
18	13	light breeze
19	13	light breeze
20	13	light breeze
21	13	light breeze
22	13	light breeze
23	13	light breeze
24	13	light breeze
25	13	light breeze
26	13	light breeze
27	13	light breeze
28	13	light breeze
29	13	light breeze
30	13	light breeze
31	13	light breeze

Sunrise & sunset in December

DaylightNight

Daylight runs from about 9 h 36 min at the start of December to 9 h 30 min by month's end. The lit band spans sunrise to sunset each day.

Days shrink by about 6 minutes over December. Sunrise moves from 7:35 AM to 7:53 AM, and sunset from 5:13 PM to 5:22 PM.

	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19	20	21	22	23	24	25	26	27	28	29	30	31
Daylight (h)	9.6	9.6	9.6	9.6	9.6	9.6	9.5	9.5	9.5	9.5	9.5	9.5	9.5	9.5	9.5	9.5	9.5	9.5	9.4	9.4	9.4	9.4	9.4	9.4	9.4	9.5	9.5	9.5	9.5	9.5	9.5
Sunrise (AM)	7:35	7:36	7:37	7:38	7:38	7:39	7:40	7:41	7:42	7:42	7:43	7:44	7:45	7:45	7:46	7:47	7:47	7:48	7:48	7:49	7:49	7:50	7:50	7:51	7:51	7:51	7:52	7:52	7:52	7:53	7:53
Sunset (PM)	5:13	5:13	5:13	5:13	5:13	5:13	5:13	5:13	5:13	5:13	5:13	5:13	5:13	5:14	5:14	5:14	5:14	5:15	5:15	5:16	5:16	5:16	5:17	5:17	5:18	5:19	5:19	5:20	5:20	5:21	5:22

	Daylight (h)	Sunrise (AM)	Sunset (PM)
1	9.6	7:35	5:13
2	9.6	7:36	5:13
3	9.6	7:37	5:13
4	9.6	7:38	5:13
5	9.6	7:38	5:13
6	9.6	7:39	5:13
7	9.5	7:40	5:13
8	9.5	7:41	5:13
9	9.5	7:42	5:13
10	9.5	7:42	5:13
11	9.5	7:43	5:13
12	9.5	7:44	5:13
13	9.5	7:45	5:13
14	9.5	7:45	5:14
15	9.5	7:46	5:14
16	9.5	7:47	5:14
17	9.5	7:47	5:14
18	9.5	7:48	5:15
19	9.4	7:48	5:15
20	9.4	7:49	5:16
21	9.4	7:49	5:16
22	9.4	7:50	5:16
23	9.4	7:50	5:17
24	9.4	7:51	5:17
25	9.4	7:51	5:18
26	9.5	7:51	5:19
27	9.5	7:52	5:19
28	9.5	7:52	5:20
29	9.5	7:52	5:20
30	9.5	7:53	5:21
31	9.5	7:53	5:22

Solar energy in December

Daily solar energy (kWh/m²)

Average shortwave solar energy reaching the ground each day in December, about 2.26 kWh/m² — the year's lowest.

For context, solar energy here swings from a low near 2.26 kWh/m² to a high of 7.89 kWh/m² in July across the year — December's 2.26 kWh/m² sits near the bottom.

	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19	20	21	22	23	24	25	26	27	28	29	30	31
Solar energy (kWh/m²)	2.4	2.4	2.4	2.4	2.4	2.3	2.3	2.3	2.3	2.3	2.3	2.3	2.3	2.3	2.2	2.2	2.2	2.2	2.2	2.2	2.2	2.2	2.2	2.2	2.3	2.3	2.3	2.3	2.3	2.3	2.3
Level	Moderate	Moderate	Moderate	Moderate	Moderate	Moderate	Moderate	Moderate	Moderate	Moderate	Moderate	Moderate	Moderate	Moderate	Moderate	Moderate	Moderate	Moderate	Moderate	Moderate	Moderate	Moderate	Moderate	Moderate	Moderate	Moderate	Moderate	Moderate	Moderate	Moderate	Moderate

	Solar energy (kWh/m²)	Level
1	2.4	Moderate
2	2.4	Moderate
3	2.4	Moderate
4	2.4	Moderate
5	2.4	Moderate
6	2.3	Moderate
7	2.3	Moderate
8	2.3	Moderate
9	2.3	Moderate
10	2.3	Moderate
11	2.3	Moderate
12	2.3	Moderate
13	2.3	Moderate
14	2.3	Moderate
15	2.2	Moderate
16	2.2	Moderate
17	2.2	Moderate
18	2.2	Moderate
19	2.2	Moderate
20	2.2	Moderate
21	2.2	Moderate
22	2.2	Moderate
23	2.2	Moderate
24	2.2	Moderate
25	2.3	Moderate
26	2.3	Moderate
27	2.3	Moderate
28	2.3	Moderate
29	2.3	Moderate
30	2.3	Moderate
31	2.3	Moderate

Planning a trip in December

Is December a good time to visit Portimão?

Our two travel scores rate December for general sightseeing and for beach or pool weather — 0 (poor) to 10 (ideal).

5.2

Sightseeing

11th-best month of the year

0.5

Beach & pool

11th-best month of the year

December is a reasonable time to visit Portimão for sightseeing.

What to pack for Portimão in December

From December's temperature range, rain chance, sun and wind — what's worth putting in the bag.

In December, Portimão sees daytime highs around 16°C and nights near 8°C. Worth packing: a warm layer and rain gear. About 8 days see rain.

a warm layerrain gear

Sea temperature near Portimão in December

The nearest coast averages about 17°C in December — the other half of the beach question. The full-year curve and swim-comfort zones are below.

The sea offshore is warmest in September at about 20°C and coldest in February near 15°C.

The water stays below 20°C all year — cool enough that most swimmers want a wetsuit.

	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec
Sea temperature (°C)	16	15	15	16	17	19	19	20	20	19	18	17
Comfort	Cool	Cool	Cool	Cool	Cool	Cool	Cool	Cool	Refreshing	Cool	Cool	Cool

	Sea temperature (°C)	Comfort
Jan	16	Cool
Feb	15	Cool
Mar	15	Cool
Apr	16	Cool
May	17	Cool
Jun	19	Cool
Jul	19	Cool
Aug	20	Cool
Sep	20	Refreshing
Oct	19	Cool
Nov	18	Cool
Dec	17	Cool

UV index in Portimão in December

LowModerateHighVery highExtreme

Clear-sky midday UV in December peaks around 2. The full-year curve, shaded by WHO exposure level, is below.

Under clear skies, the midday UV index in Portimão peaks around July 14 at about 10 (very high) — sunscreen, a hat and midday shade are essential. It bottoms out near December 19 at about 2 (moderate).

The index reaches 3 or more — the level where the WHO recommends sun protection — in 9 months of the year.

	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec
UV index (midday)	2	3	7	8	7	9	10	9	7	5	3	2
Level	Moderate	Moderate	High	Very high	Very high	Very high	Very high	Very high	High	High	Moderate	Low

	UV index (midday)	Level
Jan	2	Moderate
Feb	3	Moderate
Mar	7	High
Apr	8	Very high
May	7	Very high
Jun	9	Very high
Jul	10	Very high
Aug	9	Very high
Sep	7	High
Oct	5	High
Nov	3	Moderate
Dec	2	Low

Location & terrain

Where is Portimão?

Portimão sits at 37.1°N, 8.5°W, 13 m above sea level, in Portugal. The nearest listed city is Lagos, 13 km away.

Topography around Portimão

How much the land rises and falls, and what covers it, within 3, 16 and 80 km of Portimão.

Within 3 km, the terrain around Portimão has only modest variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 68 m around an average of 19 m above sea level; within 16 km, significant variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 309 m; within 80 km, large variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 894 m.

The land around Portimão is covered by grassland (33%), artificial surfaces (33%) and water (20%) within 3 km, water (36%) and grassland (29%) within 16 km, and water (48%) and grassland (23%) within 80 km.

3 km

68 m

grassland 33%

16 km

309 m

water 36%

80 km

894 m

water 48%

treesshrubsgrasslandcroplandartificial surfacesbare terrainwaterwetland

← November Portimão year-round climate January →Best places to visit in December

December weather nearby: Lagos 13 km · Porto de Mós 14 km · Albufeira 26 km · Quarteira 40 km · Loulé 46 km · Faro 56 km · Olhão 63 km · Quelfes 64 km

Portugal travel facts

Travel advisory: Level 1; Exercise Normal Precautions
Power plugs: Type C / E / F; 230 V · 50 Hz
Prices: ≈ 60% of US; price level, 2025
GDP per capita: $32,082; 2025
Happiness: 6.0 / 10; World Happiness, 2025
Safe drinking water: 95%; of population, 2024
Homicide rate: 0.7; per 100k, 2022
Road deaths: 8.2; per 100k/yr, 2019
Income group: High; World Bank
English: Very high; EF EPI 612
Religion

Sources: World Bank, US State Department, World Happiness Report, WHO/UNICEF, EF EPI, CIA World Factbook.

Data sources

Temperature, precipitation, cloud, humidity, wind and solar figures are a 1991–2020 climatology for Portimão (37.1386°, -8.5378°, elevation 13 m), computed from hourly ERA5 reanalysis — contains modified Copernicus Climate Change Service information. Sun figures are astronomical calculations, not observations. City data © GeoNames, CC BY 4.0. Map outlines from Natural Earth (public domain); interactive map © Google. Sea temperatures are the NOAA OISST v2.1 1991–2020 monthly climatology (public domain), sampled at the nearest ocean point. UV index is derived from CAMS (Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service) clear-sky UV data — contains modified Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service information. Topography is sampled from the Copernicus DEM GLO-90 elevation model (© ESA/Airbus) and ESA WorldCover 2021 land cover (CC BY 4.0).

	Avg high (°C)	Avg low (°C)
1	16	9
2	16	9
3	16	9
4	16	9
5	16	9
6	16	9
7	16	9
8	16	9
9	16	8
10	16	8
11	16	8
12	16	8
13	16	8
14	16	8
15	16	8
16	16	8
17	16	8
18	16	8
19	16	8
20	16	8
21	16	8
22	16	8
23	15	8
24	15	8
25	15	8
26	15	8
27	15	8
28	15	8
29	15	8
30	15	8
31	15	8

	Clearer (%)	Cloudier (%)
1	54	46
2	54	46
3	54	46
4	54	46
5	54	46
6	53	47
7	53	47
8	53	47
9	52	48
10	52	48
11	51	49
12	51	49
13	51	49
14	50	50
15	51	49
16	51	49
17	51	49
18	50	50
19	50	50
20	51	49
21	51	49
22	50	50
23	50	50
24	50	50
25	50	50
26	50	50
27	51	49
28	51	49
29	51	49
30	51	49
31	51	49

	Rain chance (%)
1	26
2	25
3	25
4	25
5	24
6	24
7	24
8	24
9	24
10	25
11	25
12	26
13	26
14	27
15	27
16	27
17	28
18	28
19	29
20	29
21	29
22	29
23	29
24	29
25	29
26	28
27	28
28	28
29	28
30	28
31	27

	Dry (%)	Comfortable (%)	Humid (%)
1	88	11	1
2	89	10	1
3	89	10	1
4	89	10	1
5	89	10	1
6	89	10	1
7	89	10	1
8	89	10	1
9	89	10	1
10	89	10	1
11	89	10	1
12	89	10	1
13	89	10	1
14	90	9	1
15	90	9	1
16	90	9	1
17	90	9	1
18	90	9	1
19	90	9	1
20	91	8	1
21	91	8	1
22	91	8	1
23	91	8	1
24	90	9	1
25	90	9	1
26	90	9	1
27	90	9	1
28	90	9	1
29	90	9	1
30	89	10	1
31	89	10	1

	Avg high (°C)	Avg low (°C)
1	16	9
2	16	9
3	16	9
4	16	9
5	16	9
6	16	9
7	16	9
8	16	9
9	16	8
10	16	8
11	16	8
12	16	8
13	16	8
14	16	8
15	16	8
16	16	8
17	16	8
18	16	8
19	16	8
20	16	8
21	16	8
22	16	8
23	15	8
24	15	8
25	15	8
26	15	8
27	15	8
28	15	8
29	15	8
30	15	8
31	15	8

	Clearer (%)	Cloudier (%)
1	54	46
2	54	46
3	54	46
4	54	46
5	54	46
6	53	47
7	53	47
8	53	47
9	52	48
10	52	48
11	51	49
12	51	49
13	51	49
14	50	50
15	51	49
16	51	49
17	51	49
18	50	50
19	50	50
20	51	49
21	51	49
22	50	50
23	50	50
24	50	50
25	50	50
26	50	50
27	51	49
28	51	49
29	51	49
30	51	49
31	51	49

	Rain chance (%)
1	26
2	25
3	25
4	25
5	24
6	24
7	24
8	24
9	24
10	25
11	25
12	26
13	26
14	27
15	27
16	27
17	28
18	28
19	29
20	29
21	29
22	29
23	29
24	29
25	29
26	28
27	28
28	28
29	28
30	28
31	27

	Dry (%)	Comfortable (%)	Humid (%)
1	88	11	1
2	89	10	1
3	89	10	1
4	89	10	1
5	89	10	1
6	89	10	1
7	89	10	1
8	89	10	1
9	89	10	1
10	89	10	1
11	89	10	1
12	89	10	1
13	89	10	1
14	90	9	1
15	90	9	1
16	90	9	1
17	90	9	1
18	90	9	1
19	90	9	1
20	91	8	1
21	91	8	1
22	91	8	1
23	91	8	1
24	90	9	1
25	90	9	1
26	90	9	1
27	90	9	1
28	90	9	1
29	90	9	1
30	89	10	1
31	89	10	1

	Avg high (°C)	Avg low (°C)
1	16	9
2	16	9
3	16	9
4	16	9
5	16	9
6	16	9
7	16	9
8	16	9
9	16	8
10	16	8
11	16	8
12	16	8
13	16	8
14	16	8
15	16	8
16	16	8
17	16	8
18	16	8
19	16	8
20	16	8
21	16	8
22	16	8
23	15	8
24	15	8
25	15	8
26	15	8
27	15	8
28	15	8
29	15	8
30	15	8
31	15	8

	Clearer (%)	Cloudier (%)
1	54	46
2	54	46
3	54	46
4	54	46
5	54	46
6	53	47
7	53	47
8	53	47
9	52	48
10	52	48
11	51	49
12	51	49
13	51	49
14	50	50
15	51	49
16	51	49
17	51	49
18	50	50
19	50	50
20	51	49
21	51	49
22	50	50
23	50	50
24	50	50
25	50	50
26	50	50
27	51	49
28	51	49
29	51	49
30	51	49
31	51	49

	Rain chance (%)
1	26
2	25
3	25
4	25
5	24
6	24
7	24
8	24
9	24
10	25
11	25
12	26
13	26
14	27
15	27
16	27
17	28
18	28
19	29
20	29
21	29
22	29
23	29
24	29
25	29
26	28
27	28
28	28
29	28
30	28
31	27

	Dry (%)	Comfortable (%)	Humid (%)
1	88	11	1
2	89	10	1
3	89	10	1
4	89	10	1
5	89	10	1
6	89	10	1
7	89	10	1
8	89	10	1
9	89	10	1
10	89	10	1
11	89	10	1
12	89	10	1
13	89	10	1
14	90	9	1
15	90	9	1
16	90	9	1
17	90	9	1
18	90	9	1
19	90	9	1
20	91	8	1
21	91	8	1
22	91	8	1
23	91	8	1
24	90	9	1
25	90	9	1
26	90	9	1
27	90	9	1
28	90	9	1
29	90	9	1
30	89	10	1
31	89	10	1