Motru weather in December
In December, Motru sees average daytime highs of 4°C and overnight lows near -2°C, with 66 mm of precipitation across 8.5 wet days and about 8.7 hours of daylight. It is the 11th-warmest and 5th-wettest month of the year here.
Highs ease over the month, from about 5°C in the first days to 3°C by the end. The sky is clear or mostly clear about 31% of the time in December, and the air most often feels dry.
Daylight stretches from about 8 h 54 min at the start of December to 8 h 36 min by month's end. Set against the rest of the year, December is Motru's 11th-clearest and 11th-windiest month. For the whole year in context, see Motru's year-round climate.
- Daytime high
- 4°
- 11th warmest
- Overnight low
- -2°
- 3rd coldest
- Precipitation
- 66 mm
- 8.5 wet days
- Daylight
- 8 h 36 min
- 8:06 AM – 4:43 PM
- Cloud cover
- 62%
- 11th clearest
- Wind
- 7 km/h
- 11th windiest
- Solar energy
- 1.26 kWh/m²
- Travel score
- 0.0
- out of 10
Motru is locality in Gorj County, Romania.
- Founded
- 1966
Air quality: WHO Ambient Air Quality Database. Density & description: Wikidata (CC0), GeoNames.
Temperature in December
Highs ease over the month, from about 5°C in the first days to 3°C by the end.
A typical December day in Motru reaches about 4°C in the afternoon and slips back to -2°C overnight — a 6°C spread between the day's warmth and the night's chill. On most days the high lands between -1°C and 9°C. Set against its neighbours, December runs about 5°C cooler than November and about 1°C warmer than January.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Avg high (°C) | 6 | 6 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 |
| Avg low (°C) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -1 | -1 | -1 | -1 | -1 | -1 | -1 | -2 | -2 | -2 | -2 | -2 | -2 | -2 | -2 | -2 | -3 | -3 | -3 | -3 | -3 | -3 | -3 | -3 | -3 | -3 | -3 |
| Avg high (°C) | Avg low (°C) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 6 | 0 |
| 2 | 6 | 0 |
| 3 | 5 | 0 |
| 4 | 5 | 0 |
| 5 | 5 | -1 |
| 6 | 5 | -1 |
| 7 | 5 | -1 |
| 8 | 5 | -1 |
| 9 | 5 | -1 |
| 10 | 4 | -1 |
| 11 | 4 | -1 |
| 12 | 4 | -2 |
| 13 | 4 | -2 |
| 14 | 4 | -2 |
| 15 | 4 | -2 |
| 16 | 4 | -2 |
| 17 | 4 | -2 |
| 18 | 4 | -2 |
| 19 | 4 | -2 |
| 20 | 4 | -2 |
| 21 | 3 | -3 |
| 22 | 3 | -3 |
| 23 | 3 | -3 |
| 24 | 3 | -3 |
| 25 | 3 | -3 |
| 26 | 3 | -3 |
| 27 | 3 | -3 |
| 28 | 3 | -3 |
| 29 | 3 | -3 |
| 30 | 3 | -3 |
| 31 | 3 | -3 |
How December really feels in Motru
Once humidity and wind are folded in, December averages 0 days that feel above 32°C and 31 that feel at or below 0°C — the comfort signal a plain temperature reading hides.
The story in December is cold — wind chill drags the overnight "feels like" below the raw low.
Motru weather by month
How December compares with the rest of the year at a glance. December is the 11th-warmest and 5th-wettest month here — the current month is highlighted below.
| Month | High / Low (°C) | Rainfall (mm) | Wet days | Snow days | Daylight (hours) | Travel score |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 3° / -4° | 53 | 8.1 | 5.3 | 9 | 0.0 |
| Feb | 6° / -2° | 48 | 7.8 | 4.4 | 10.1 | 0.5 |
| Mar | 11° / 2° | 56 | 8.6 | 2.5 | 11.6 | 3.0 |
| Apr | 17° / 6° | 70 | 9.5 | 0.1 | 13.2 | 5.4 |
| May | 22° / 11° | 83 | 11.6 | 0 | 14.6 | 6.4 |
| Jun | 26° / 14° | 85 | 11.1 | 0 | 15.3 | 6.7 |
| Jul | 28° / 16° | 74 | 8.7 | 0 | 15 | 6.6 |
| Aug | 28° / 16° | 56 | 8 | 0 | 13.9 | 6.6 |
| Sep | 23° / 12° | 62 | 7.2 | 0 | 12.3 | 7.3 |
| Oct | 16° / 7° | 62 | 8.1 | 0.1 | 10.7 | 5.4 |
| Nov | 9° / 2° | 65 | 8.7 | 1.8 | 9.4 | 2.0 |
| Dec | 4° / -2° | 66 | 8.5 | 3.8 | 8.7 | 0.0 |
Cloud cover in December
The sky is clear or mostly clear about 31% of the time in December.
Beyond those clear spells, partly cloudy skies cover about 13% of December, with mostly cloudy or overcast conditions the remaining 56%. Skies tend to open up as the month goes on.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clearer (%) | 40 | 41 | 40 | 40 | 40 | 41 | 42 | 42 | 41 | 41 | 42 | 42 | 43 | 43 | 43 | 43 | 43 | 44 | 45 | 45 | 46 | 46 | 47 | 47 | 48 | 47 | 47 | 48 | 48 | 49 | 49 |
| Cloudier (%) | 60 | 59 | 60 | 60 | 60 | 59 | 58 | 58 | 59 | 59 | 58 | 58 | 57 | 57 | 57 | 57 | 57 | 56 | 55 | 55 | 54 | 54 | 53 | 53 | 52 | 53 | 53 | 52 | 52 | 51 | 51 |
| Clearer (%) | Cloudier (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 40 | 60 |
| 2 | 41 | 59 |
| 3 | 40 | 60 |
| 4 | 40 | 60 |
| 5 | 40 | 60 |
| 6 | 41 | 59 |
| 7 | 42 | 58 |
| 8 | 42 | 58 |
| 9 | 41 | 59 |
| 10 | 41 | 59 |
| 11 | 42 | 58 |
| 12 | 42 | 58 |
| 13 | 43 | 57 |
| 14 | 43 | 57 |
| 15 | 43 | 57 |
| 16 | 43 | 57 |
| 17 | 43 | 57 |
| 18 | 44 | 56 |
| 19 | 45 | 55 |
| 20 | 45 | 55 |
| 21 | 46 | 54 |
| 22 | 46 | 54 |
| 23 | 47 | 53 |
| 24 | 47 | 53 |
| 25 | 48 | 52 |
| 26 | 47 | 53 |
| 27 | 47 | 53 |
| 28 | 48 | 52 |
| 29 | 48 | 52 |
| 30 | 49 | 51 |
| 31 | 49 | 51 |
Chance of precipitation in December
Motru gets around 66 mm of rain and snow over 8.5 wet days in December. The line is the day-by-day chance of measurable precipitation.
Day to day, the chance of measurable precipitation averages around 27% and peaks near 30% on the wettest days, and about 4 days bring snow.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rain chance (%) | 30 | 30 | 30 | 29 | 29 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 27 | 27 | 26 | 26 | 26 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 26 | 26 | 26 | 27 | 27 | 27 | 27 | 27 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 28 |
| Snow chance (%) | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 13 | 13 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 16 | 16 | 16 |
| Rain chance (%) | Snow chance (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 30 | 9 |
| 2 | 30 | 9 |
| 3 | 30 | 9 |
| 4 | 29 | 9 |
| 5 | 29 | 9 |
| 6 | 28 | 10 |
| 7 | 28 | 10 |
| 8 | 28 | 10 |
| 9 | 27 | 10 |
| 10 | 27 | 11 |
| 11 | 26 | 11 |
| 12 | 26 | 11 |
| 13 | 26 | 12 |
| 14 | 25 | 12 |
| 15 | 25 | 12 |
| 16 | 25 | 12 |
| 17 | 25 | 13 |
| 18 | 25 | 13 |
| 19 | 25 | 14 |
| 20 | 26 | 14 |
| 21 | 26 | 14 |
| 22 | 26 | 14 |
| 23 | 27 | 14 |
| 24 | 27 | 15 |
| 25 | 27 | 15 |
| 26 | 27 | 15 |
| 27 | 27 | 15 |
| 28 | 28 | 15 |
| 29 | 28 | 16 |
| 30 | 28 | 16 |
| 31 | 28 | 16 |
Humidity in December
Most of December feels dry — the stacked bands show each day's mix of comfort levels, read off the dew point.
By dew point, December lands in the dry band about 100% of days. It rarely turns muggy — the humid and sticky bands barely register.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dry (%) | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
| Dry (%) | |
|---|---|
| 1 | 100 |
| 2 | 100 |
| 3 | 100 |
| 4 | 100 |
| 5 | 100 |
| 6 | 100 |
| 7 | 100 |
| 8 | 100 |
| 9 | 100 |
| 10 | 100 |
| 11 | 100 |
| 12 | 100 |
| 13 | 100 |
| 14 | 100 |
| 15 | 100 |
| 16 | 100 |
| 17 | 100 |
| 18 | 100 |
| 19 | 100 |
| 20 | 100 |
| 21 | 100 |
| 22 | 100 |
| 23 | 100 |
| 24 | 100 |
| 25 | 100 |
| 26 | 100 |
| 27 | 100 |
| 28 | 100 |
| 29 | 100 |
| 30 | 100 |
| 31 | 100 |
Wind in December
Winds average 7 km/h in December.
Across December, daily wind ranges from about 6 km/h on the calmest days to 7 km/h at its breeziest. It stays fairly steady from day to day.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wind speed (km/h) | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 |
| Feels | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm |
| Wind speed (km/h) | Feels | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 7 | calm |
| 2 | 7 | calm |
| 3 | 7 | calm |
| 4 | 7 | calm |
| 5 | 7 | calm |
| 6 | 7 | calm |
| 7 | 7 | calm |
| 8 | 7 | calm |
| 9 | 7 | calm |
| 10 | 7 | calm |
| 11 | 7 | calm |
| 12 | 7 | calm |
| 13 | 7 | calm |
| 14 | 7 | calm |
| 15 | 7 | calm |
| 16 | 7 | calm |
| 17 | 7 | calm |
| 18 | 7 | calm |
| 19 | 7 | calm |
| 20 | 7 | calm |
| 21 | 6 | calm |
| 22 | 6 | calm |
| 23 | 6 | calm |
| 24 | 6 | calm |
| 25 | 6 | calm |
| 26 | 7 | calm |
| 27 | 7 | calm |
| 28 | 7 | calm |
| 29 | 7 | calm |
| 30 | 7 | calm |
| 31 | 7 | calm |
Sunrise & sunset in December
Daylight runs from about 8 h 54 min at the start of December to 8 h 36 min by month's end. The lit band spans sunrise to sunset each day.
Days shrink by about 18 minutes over December. Sunrise moves from 7:52 AM to 8:12 AM, and sunset from 4:44 PM to 4:51 PM.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Daylight (h) | 8.9 | 8.8 | 8.8 | 8.8 | 8.8 | 8.8 | 8.7 | 8.7 | 8.7 | 8.7 | 8.7 | 8.7 | 8.6 | 8.6 | 8.6 | 8.6 | 8.6 | 8.6 | 8.6 | 8.6 | 8.6 | 8.6 | 8.6 | 8.6 | 8.6 | 8.6 | 8.6 | 8.6 | 8.6 | 8.6 | 8.6 |
| Sunrise (AM) | 7:52 | 7:53 | 7:54 | 7:55 | 7:56 | 7:57 | 7:58 | 7:59 | 8:00 | 8:01 | 8:02 | 8:03 | 8:03 | 8:04 | 8:05 | 8:06 | 8:06 | 8:07 | 8:08 | 8:08 | 8:09 | 8:09 | 8:10 | 8:10 | 8:10 | 8:11 | 8:11 | 8:11 | 8:11 | 8:12 | 8:12 |
| Sunset (PM) | 4:44 | 4:43 | 4:43 | 4:43 | 4:43 | 4:42 | 4:42 | 4:42 | 4:42 | 4:42 | 4:42 | 4:42 | 4:42 | 4:42 | 4:43 | 4:43 | 4:43 | 4:43 | 4:44 | 4:44 | 4:45 | 4:45 | 4:46 | 4:46 | 4:47 | 4:47 | 4:48 | 4:49 | 4:49 | 4:50 | 4:51 |
| Daylight (h) | Sunrise (AM) | Sunset (PM) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 8.9 | 7:52 | 4:44 |
| 2 | 8.8 | 7:53 | 4:43 |
| 3 | 8.8 | 7:54 | 4:43 |
| 4 | 8.8 | 7:55 | 4:43 |
| 5 | 8.8 | 7:56 | 4:43 |
| 6 | 8.8 | 7:57 | 4:42 |
| 7 | 8.7 | 7:58 | 4:42 |
| 8 | 8.7 | 7:59 | 4:42 |
| 9 | 8.7 | 8:00 | 4:42 |
| 10 | 8.7 | 8:01 | 4:42 |
| 11 | 8.7 | 8:02 | 4:42 |
| 12 | 8.7 | 8:03 | 4:42 |
| 13 | 8.6 | 8:03 | 4:42 |
| 14 | 8.6 | 8:04 | 4:42 |
| 15 | 8.6 | 8:05 | 4:43 |
| 16 | 8.6 | 8:06 | 4:43 |
| 17 | 8.6 | 8:06 | 4:43 |
| 18 | 8.6 | 8:07 | 4:43 |
| 19 | 8.6 | 8:08 | 4:44 |
| 20 | 8.6 | 8:08 | 4:44 |
| 21 | 8.6 | 8:09 | 4:45 |
| 22 | 8.6 | 8:09 | 4:45 |
| 23 | 8.6 | 8:10 | 4:46 |
| 24 | 8.6 | 8:10 | 4:46 |
| 25 | 8.6 | 8:10 | 4:47 |
| 26 | 8.6 | 8:11 | 4:47 |
| 27 | 8.6 | 8:11 | 4:48 |
| 28 | 8.6 | 8:11 | 4:49 |
| 29 | 8.6 | 8:11 | 4:49 |
| 30 | 8.6 | 8:12 | 4:50 |
| 31 | 8.6 | 8:12 | 4:51 |
Solar energy in December
Average shortwave solar energy reaching the ground each day in December, about 1.26 kWh/m² — the year's lowest.
For context, solar energy here swings from a low near 1.26 kWh/m² to a high of 6.21 kWh/m² in June across the year — December's 1.26 kWh/m² sits near the bottom.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.3 |
| Level | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim |
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1.3 | Dim |
| 2 | 1.3 | Dim |
| 3 | 1.3 | Dim |
| 4 | 1.3 | Dim |
| 5 | 1.3 | Dim |
| 6 | 1.3 | Dim |
| 7 | 1.3 | Dim |
| 8 | 1.3 | Dim |
| 9 | 1.3 | Dim |
| 10 | 1.3 | Dim |
| 11 | 1.3 | Dim |
| 12 | 1.3 | Dim |
| 13 | 1.3 | Dim |
| 14 | 1.3 | Dim |
| 15 | 1.3 | Dim |
| 16 | 1.3 | Dim |
| 17 | 1.3 | Dim |
| 18 | 1.3 | Dim |
| 19 | 1.3 | Dim |
| 20 | 1.3 | Dim |
| 21 | 1.3 | Dim |
| 22 | 1.3 | Dim |
| 23 | 1.3 | Dim |
| 24 | 1.3 | Dim |
| 25 | 1.3 | Dim |
| 26 | 1.3 | Dim |
| 27 | 1.3 | Dim |
| 28 | 1.3 | Dim |
| 29 | 1.3 | Dim |
| 30 | 1.3 | Dim |
| 31 | 1.3 | Dim |
Is December a good time to visit Motru?
Our two travel scores rate December for general sightseeing and for beach or pool weather — 0 (poor) to 10 (ideal).
December is a weaker month for outdoor sightseeing in Motru.
What to pack for Motru in December
From December's temperature range, rain chance, sun and wind — what's worth putting in the bag.
In December, Motru sees daytime highs around 4°C and nights near -2°C. Pack a warm layer. Worth having: a heavy coat and rain gear. About 9 days see rain.
UV index in Motru in December
Clear-sky midday UV in December peaks around 1. The full-year curve, shaded by WHO exposure level, is below.
Under clear skies, the midday UV index in Motru peaks around July 11 at about 8 (very high) — sunscreen, a hat and midday shade are essential. It bottoms out near December 22 at about 1 (low).
The index reaches 3 or more — the level where the WHO recommends sun protection — in 8 months of the year.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UV index (midday) | 1 | 2 | 3 | 8 | 6 | 8 | 8 | 7 | 5 | 3 | 2 | 1 |
| Level | Low | Moderate | Moderate | Very high | High | Very high | Very high | Very high | Moderate | Moderate | Low | Low |
| UV index (midday) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 1 | Low |
| Feb | 2 | Moderate |
| Mar | 3 | Moderate |
| Apr | 8 | Very high |
| May | 6 | High |
| Jun | 8 | Very high |
| Jul | 8 | Very high |
| Aug | 7 | Very high |
| Sep | 5 | Moderate |
| Oct | 3 | Moderate |
| Nov | 2 | Low |
| Dec | 1 | Low |
Where is Motru?
Motru sits at 44.8°N, 23.0°E, 182 m above sea level, in Romania. The nearest listed city is Drobeta-Turnu Severin, 32 km away.
Topography around Motru
How much the land rises and falls, and what covers it, within 3, 16 and 80 km of Motru.
Within 3 km, the terrain around Motru has only modest variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 153 m around an average of 220 m above sea level; within 16 km, significant variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 270 m; within 80 km, extreme variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 2,461 m.
The land around Motru is covered by trees (42%), grassland (27%) and cropland (21%) within 3 km, trees (60%) and grassland (22%) within 16 km, and trees (57%) and grassland (21%) within 80 km.
Romania travel facts
- Travel advisory
- Level 1
- Exercise Normal Precautions
- Power plugs
- Type C / F
- 230 V · 50 Hz
- Prices
- ≈ 44% of US
- price level, 2025
- GDP per capita
- $22,538
- 2025
- Happiness
- 6.6 / 10
- World Happiness, 2025
- Safe drinking water
- 82%
- of population, 2024
- Homicide rate
- 1.1
- per 100k, 2023
- Road deaths
- 10.3
- per 100k/yr, 2019
- Income group
- High
- World Bank
- English
- Very high
- EF EPI 605
- Religion
Sources: World Bank, US State Department, World Happiness Report, WHO/UNICEF, EF EPI, CIA World Factbook.
Data sources
Temperature, precipitation, cloud, humidity, wind and solar figures are a 1991–2020 climatology for Motru (44.8033°, 22.9719°, elevation 182 m), computed from hourly ERA5 reanalysis — contains modified Copernicus Climate Change Service information. Sun figures are astronomical calculations, not observations. City data © GeoNames, CC BY 4.0. Map outlines from Natural Earth (public domain); interactive map © Google. UV index is derived from CAMS (Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service) clear-sky UV data — contains modified Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service information. Topography is sampled from the Copernicus DEM GLO-90 elevation model (© ESA/Airbus) and ESA WorldCover 2021 land cover (CC BY 4.0).