Kostroma weather in August

In August, Kostroma sees average daytime highs of 21°C and overnight lows near 12°C, with 70 mm of rain across 12.1 wet days and about 15.1 hours of daylight. It is the 2nd-warmest and 3rd-wettest month of the year here.

Highs ease over the month, from about 23°C in the first days to 19°C by the end. The sky is clear or mostly clear about 20% of the time in August, and the air most often feels dry.

Daylight stretches from about 16 h 12 min at the start of August to 13 h 48 min by month's end. Set against the rest of the year, August is Kostroma's 3rd-clearest and 11th-windiest month. For the whole year in context, see Kostroma's year-round climate.

Daytime high: 21°; 2nd warmest
Overnight low: 12°; 11th coldest
Rainfall: 70 mm; 12.1 wet days
Daylight: 15 h 06 min; 4:48 AM – 7:53 PM
Cloud cover: 65%; 3rd clearest
Wind: 11 km/h; 11th windiest
Solar energy: 4.04 kWh/m²
Travel score: 6.1; out of 10

Kostroma is city in the center of European Russia.

Density: 1,919/km²; people per km²
Founded: 1152

Air quality: WHO Ambient Air Quality Database. Density & description: Wikidata (CC0), GeoNames.

← July Kostroma year-round climate September →Best places to visit in August

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Temperature in August

Average highAverage lowShaded bands: 10–90% of days

Highs ease over the month, from about 23°C in the first days to 19°C by the end.

A typical August day in Kostroma reaches about 21°C in the afternoon and slips back to 12°C overnight — a 9°C spread between the day's warmth and the night's chill. On most days the high lands between 15°C and 27°C. Set against its neighbours, August runs about 2°C cooler than July and about 6°C warmer than September.

	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19	20	21	22	23	24	25	26	27	28	29	30	31
Avg high (°C)	23	23	23	23	23	22	22	22	22	22	22	22	21	21	21	21	21	21	21	20	20	20	20	20	19	19	19	19	19	18	18
Avg low (°C)	13	13	13	13	13	13	13	13	12	12	12	12	12	12	12	12	11	11	11	11	11	11	11	11	10	10	10	10	10	10	10

	Avg high (°C)	Avg low (°C)
1	23	13
2	23	13
3	23	13
4	23	13
5	23	13
6	22	13
7	22	13
8	22	13
9	22	12
10	22	12
11	22	12
12	22	12
13	21	12
14	21	12
15	21	12
16	21	12
17	21	11
18	21	11
19	21	11
20	20	11
21	20	11
22	20	11
23	20	11
24	20	11
25	19	10
26	19	10
27	19	10
28	19	10
29	19	10
30	18	10
31	18	10

How August really feels in Kostroma

Once humidity and wind are folded in, August averages 0 days that feel above 32°C and 0 that feel at or below 0°C — the comfort signal a plain temperature reading hides.

Days feeling ≥ 32°C

heat index over the day's high

Days feeling ≤ 0°C

wind chill below the day's low

August sits comfortably in between — no days that feel dangerously hot or drop to a hard freeze once humidity and wind are folded in.

Kostroma weather by month

How August compares with the rest of the year at a glance. August is the 2nd-warmest and 3rd-wettest month here — the current month is highlighted below.

Month	High / Low (°C)	Rainfall (mm)	Wet days	Snow days	Daylight (hours)	Travel score
Jan	-6° / -12°	41	11.1	12.5	7	0.0
Feb	-5° / -11°	31	8.6	10	8.9	0.0
Mar	1° / -7°	35	9.2	8.6	11.4	0.0
Apr	10° / 0°	40	9.2	2.7	14	2.0
May	17° / 7°	58	11.1	0.3	16.3	5.2
Jun	21° / 11°	75	11.8	0	17.6	6.1
Jul	23° / 14°	73	12.5	0	17.1	6.4
Aug	21° / 12°	70	12.1	0	15.1	6.1
Sep	15° / 7°	65	11.1	0.2	12.5	4.2
Oct	7° / 2°	65	12.1	3.3	10	1.0
Nov	-0° / -4°	50	10.8	7.7	7.6	0.0
Dec	-5° / -9°	42	10.4	11.5	6.3	0.0

Cloud cover in August

ClearMostly clearPartly cloudyMostly cloudyOvercast

The sky is clear or mostly clear about 20% of the time in August.

Beyond those clear spells, partly cloudy skies cover about 19% of August, with mostly cloudy or overcast conditions the remaining 61%. Skies tend to cloud over as the month goes on.

	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19	20	21	22	23	24	25	26	27	28	29	30	31
Clearer (%)	45	45	45	45	45	44	44	45	44	44	43	43	42	41	41	42	40	40	40	38	38	37	36	36	34	34	33	32	30	30	27
Cloudier (%)	55	55	55	55	55	56	56	55	56	56	57	57	58	59	59	58	60	60	60	62	62	63	64	64	66	66	67	68	70	70	73

	Clearer (%)	Cloudier (%)
1	45	55
2	45	55
3	45	55
4	45	55
5	45	55
6	44	56
7	44	56
8	45	55
9	44	56
10	44	56
11	43	57
12	43	57
13	42	58
14	41	59
15	41	59
16	42	58
17	40	60
18	40	60
19	40	60
20	38	62
21	38	62
22	37	63
23	36	64
24	36	64
25	34	66
26	34	66
27	33	67
28	32	68
29	30	70
30	30	70
31	27	73

Chance of precipitation in August

Any precipitation

Kostroma gets around 70 mm of rain over 12.1 wet days in August. The line is the day-by-day chance of measurable precipitation.

Day to day, the chance of measurable rain averages around 39% and peaks near 41% on the wettest days.

	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19	20	21	22	23	24	25	26	27	28	29	30	31
Rain chance (%)	37	37	37	37	37	37	38	38	39	39	39	40	40	40	40	41	41	41	41	40	40	40	39	39	39	38	38	38	38	38	38

	Rain chance (%)
1	37
2	37
3	37
4	37
5	37
6	37
7	38
8	38
9	39
10	39
11	39
12	40
13	40
14	40
15	40
16	41
17	41
18	41
19	41
20	40
21	40
22	40
23	39
24	39
25	39
26	38
27	38
28	38
29	38
30	38
31	38

Humidity in August

DryComfortableHumidMuggyOppressiveMiserable

Most of August feels dry — the stacked bands show each day's mix of comfort levels, read off the dew point.

By dew point, August lands in the dry band about 59% of days. It rarely turns muggy — the humid and sticky bands barely register.

	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19	20	21	22	23	24	25	26	27	28	29	30	31
Dry (%)	42	43	44	46	47	48	50	51	52	53	54	55	55	56	57	58	59	60	60	62	63	66	67	68	69	71	73	74	76	78	79
Comfortable (%)	31	31	30	30	30	30	30	31	31	31	32	32	32	32	31	31	31	30	30	29	28	27	26	25	24	22	21	20	18	17	16
Humid (%)	22	21	21	20	19	18	17	15	14	13	12	11	11	10	10	9	8	8	8	7	7	6	6	6	6	6	5	5	5	5	5
Muggy (%)	5	5	5	4	4	4	3	3	3	3	2	2	2	2	2	2	2	2	2	2	2	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	0	0

	Dry (%)	Comfortable (%)	Humid (%)	Muggy (%)
1	42	31	22	5
2	43	31	21	5
3	44	30	21	5
4	46	30	20	4
5	47	30	19	4
6	48	30	18	4
7	50	30	17	3
8	51	31	15	3
9	52	31	14	3
10	53	31	13	3
11	54	32	12	2
12	55	32	11	2
13	55	32	11	2
14	56	32	10	2
15	57	31	10	2
16	58	31	9	2
17	59	31	8	2
18	60	30	8	2
19	60	30	8	2
20	62	29	7	2
21	63	28	7	2
22	66	27	6	1
23	67	26	6	1
24	68	25	6	1
25	69	24	6	1
26	71	22	6	1
27	73	21	5	1
28	74	20	5	1
29	76	18	5	1
30	78	17	5	0
31	79	16	5	0

Wind in August

Winds average 11 km/h in August.

Across August, daily wind ranges from about 11 km/h on the calmest days to 12 km/h at its breeziest. It stays fairly steady from day to day.

	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19	20	21	22	23	24	25	26	27	28	29	30	31
Wind speed (km/h)	11	11	11	11	11	11	11	11	11	11	11	11	11	11	11	12	12	12	12	12	12	12	12	12	12	12	12	12	12	12	12
Feels	calm	calm	calm	calm	calm	calm	calm	calm	calm	calm	calm	calm	calm	calm	calm	calm	calm	calm	calm	calm	calm	calm	calm	calm	calm	calm	light breeze	light breeze	light breeze	light breeze	light breeze

	Wind speed (km/h)	Feels
1	11	calm
2	11	calm
3	11	calm
4	11	calm
5	11	calm
6	11	calm
7	11	calm
8	11	calm
9	11	calm
10	11	calm
11	11	calm
12	11	calm
13	11	calm
14	11	calm
15	11	calm
16	12	calm
17	12	calm
18	12	calm
19	12	calm
20	12	calm
21	12	calm
22	12	calm
23	12	calm
24	12	calm
25	12	calm
26	12	calm
27	12	light breeze
28	12	light breeze
29	12	light breeze
30	12	light breeze
31	12	light breeze

Sunrise & sunset in August

DaylightNight

Daylight runs from about 16 h 12 min at the start of August to 13 h 48 min by month's end. The lit band spans sunrise to sunset each day.

Days shrink by about 144 minutes over August. Sunrise moves from 4:16 AM to 5:21 AM, and sunset from 8:28 PM to 7:12 PM.

	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19	20	21	22	23	24	25	26	27	28	29	30	31
Daylight (h)	16.2	16.1	16.1	16.0	15.9	15.8	15.8	15.7	15.6	15.5	15.5	15.4	15.3	15.2	15.2	15.1	15.0	14.9	14.8	14.8	14.7	14.6	14.5	14.4	14.3	14.3	14.2	14.1	14.0	13.9	13.8
Sunrise (AM)	4:16	4:18	4:21	4:23	4:25	4:27	4:29	4:31	4:33	4:35	4:37	4:40	4:42	4:44	4:46	4:48	4:50	4:53	4:55	4:57	4:59	5:01	5:04	5:06	5:08	5:10	5:12	5:14	5:17	5:19	5:21
Sunset (PM)	8:28	8:26	8:24	8:22	8:19	8:17	8:15	8:12	8:10	8:08	8:05	8:03	8:00	7:58	7:55	7:53	7:50	7:47	7:45	7:42	7:39	7:37	7:34	7:31	7:28	7:26	7:23	7:20	7:17	7:14	7:12

	Daylight (h)	Sunrise (AM)	Sunset (PM)
1	16.2	4:16	8:28
2	16.1	4:18	8:26
3	16.1	4:21	8:24
4	16.0	4:23	8:22
5	15.9	4:25	8:19
6	15.8	4:27	8:17
7	15.8	4:29	8:15
8	15.7	4:31	8:12
9	15.6	4:33	8:10
10	15.5	4:35	8:08
11	15.5	4:37	8:05
12	15.4	4:40	8:03
13	15.3	4:42	8:00
14	15.2	4:44	7:58
15	15.2	4:46	7:55
16	15.1	4:48	7:53
17	15.0	4:50	7:50
18	14.9	4:53	7:47
19	14.8	4:55	7:45
20	14.8	4:57	7:42
21	14.7	4:59	7:39
22	14.6	5:01	7:37
23	14.5	5:04	7:34
24	14.4	5:06	7:31
25	14.3	5:08	7:28
26	14.3	5:10	7:26
27	14.2	5:12	7:23
28	14.1	5:14	7:20
29	14.0	5:17	7:17
30	13.9	5:19	7:14
31	13.8	5:21	7:12

Solar energy in August

Daily solar energy (kWh/m²)

Average shortwave solar energy reaching the ground each day in August, about 4.04 kWh/m².

For context, solar energy here swings from a low near 0.26 kWh/m² to a high of 5.52 kWh/m² in June across the year — August's 4.04 kWh/m² falls in the middle.

	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19	20	21	22	23	24	25	26	27	28	29	30	31
Solar energy (kWh/m²)	4.8	4.8	4.7	4.7	4.6	4.6	4.5	4.5	4.4	4.4	4.3	4.3	4.2	4.2	4.1	4.0	4.0	3.9	3.9	3.8	3.8	3.7	3.7	3.6	3.5	3.5	3.4	3.4	3.3	3.2	3.2
Level	Bright	Bright	Bright	Bright	Bright	Bright	Bright	Bright	Bright	Bright	Bright	Bright	Bright	Bright	Bright	Bright	Moderate	Moderate	Moderate	Moderate	Moderate	Moderate	Moderate	Moderate	Moderate	Moderate	Moderate	Moderate	Moderate	Moderate	Moderate

	Solar energy (kWh/m²)	Level
1	4.8	Bright
2	4.8	Bright
3	4.7	Bright
4	4.7	Bright
5	4.6	Bright
6	4.6	Bright
7	4.5	Bright
8	4.5	Bright
9	4.4	Bright
10	4.4	Bright
11	4.3	Bright
12	4.3	Bright
13	4.2	Bright
14	4.2	Bright
15	4.1	Bright
16	4.0	Bright
17	4.0	Moderate
18	3.9	Moderate
19	3.9	Moderate
20	3.8	Moderate
21	3.8	Moderate
22	3.7	Moderate
23	3.7	Moderate
24	3.6	Moderate
25	3.5	Moderate
26	3.5	Moderate
27	3.4	Moderate
28	3.4	Moderate
29	3.3	Moderate
30	3.2	Moderate
31	3.2	Moderate

Planning a trip in August

Is August a good time to visit Kostroma?

Our two travel scores rate August for general sightseeing and for beach or pool weather — 0 (poor) to 10 (ideal).

6.1

Sightseeing

2nd-best month of the year

3.6

Beach & pool

3rd-best month of the year

August is a reasonable time to visit Kostroma for sightseeing.

What to pack for Kostroma in August

From August's temperature range, rain chance, sun and wind — what's worth putting in the bag.

In August, Kostroma sees daytime highs around 21°C and nights near 12°C. Worth packing: rain gear. About 12 days see rain.

rain gear

UV index in Kostroma in August

LowModerateHighVery highExtreme

Clear-sky midday UV in August peaks around 4 — enough to warrant sun protection. The full-year curve, shaded by WHO exposure level, is below.

Under clear skies, the midday UV index in Kostroma peaks around July 13 at about 6 (high) — a little sun protection helps at midday. It bottoms out near December 19 at about 0 (low).

The index reaches 3 or more — the level where the WHO recommends sun protection — in 6 months of the year.

	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec
UV index (midday)	0	1	2	3	4	5	6	4	3	1	1	0
Level	Low	Low	Moderate	Moderate	Moderate	High	High	Moderate	Moderate	Low	Low	Low

	UV index (midday)	Level
Jan	0	Low
Feb	1	Low
Mar	2	Moderate
Apr	3	Moderate
May	4	Moderate
Jun	5	High
Jul	6	High
Aug	4	Moderate
Sep	3	Moderate
Oct	1	Low
Nov	1	Low
Dec	0	Low

Location & terrain

Where is Kostroma?

Kostroma sits at 57.8°N, 40.9°E, 109 m above sea level, in Russia. The nearest listed city is Volgorechensk, 38 km away.

Topography around Kostroma

How much the land rises and falls, and what covers it, within 3, 16 and 80 km of Kostroma.

Within 3 km, the terrain around Kostroma has only modest variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 80 m around an average of 102 m above sea level; within 16 km, only modest variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 116 m; within 80 km, only modest variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 167 m.

The land around Kostroma is covered by artificial surfaces (47%) and trees (31%) within 3 km, trees (41%), grassland (27%) and cropland (20%) within 16 km, and trees (66%) and grassland (21%) within 80 km.

3 km

80 m

artificial surfaces 47%

16 km

116 m

trees 41%

80 km

167 m

trees 66%

treesgrasslandcroplandartificial surfaceswater

← July Kostroma year-round climate September →Best places to visit in August

August weather nearby: Volgorechensk 38 km · Nerekhta 40 km · Privolzhsk 48 km · Furmanov 58 km · Yaroslavl 64 km · Danilov 65 km · Kineshma 80 km · Gavrilov-Yam 82 km

Russia travel facts

Travel advisory: Level 4; Do Not Travel
Power plugs: Type C / F; 230 V · 50 Hz
Prices: ≈ 32% of US; price level, 2025
GDP per capita: $17,547; 2025
Happiness: 5.8 / 10; World Happiness, 2025
Safe drinking water: 76%; of population, 2024
Homicide rate: 6.8; per 100k, 2021
Road deaths: 12; per 100k/yr, 2019
Income group: High; World Bank
English: Moderate; EF EPI 521
Religion

Sources: World Bank, US State Department, World Happiness Report, WHO/UNICEF, EF EPI, CIA World Factbook.

Data sources

Temperature, precipitation, cloud, humidity, wind and solar figures are a 1991–2020 climatology for Kostroma (57.7664°, 40.9283°, elevation 109 m), computed from hourly ERA5 reanalysis — contains modified Copernicus Climate Change Service information. Sun figures are astronomical calculations, not observations. City data © GeoNames, CC BY 4.0. Map outlines from Natural Earth (public domain); interactive map © Google. UV index is derived from CAMS (Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service) clear-sky UV data — contains modified Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service information. Topography is sampled from the Copernicus DEM GLO-90 elevation model (© ESA/Airbus) and ESA WorldCover 2021 land cover (CC BY 4.0).

	Avg high (°C)	Avg low (°C)
1	23	13
2	23	13
3	23	13
4	23	13
5	23	13
6	22	13
7	22	13
8	22	13
9	22	12
10	22	12
11	22	12
12	22	12
13	21	12
14	21	12
15	21	12
16	21	12
17	21	11
18	21	11
19	21	11
20	20	11
21	20	11
22	20	11
23	20	11
24	20	11
25	19	10
26	19	10
27	19	10
28	19	10
29	19	10
30	18	10
31	18	10

	Clearer (%)	Cloudier (%)
1	45	55
2	45	55
3	45	55
4	45	55
5	45	55
6	44	56
7	44	56
8	45	55
9	44	56
10	44	56
11	43	57
12	43	57
13	42	58
14	41	59
15	41	59
16	42	58
17	40	60
18	40	60
19	40	60
20	38	62
21	38	62
22	37	63
23	36	64
24	36	64
25	34	66
26	34	66
27	33	67
28	32	68
29	30	70
30	30	70
31	27	73

	Rain chance (%)
1	37
2	37
3	37
4	37
5	37
6	37
7	38
8	38
9	39
10	39
11	39
12	40
13	40
14	40
15	40
16	41
17	41
18	41
19	41
20	40
21	40
22	40
23	39
24	39
25	39
26	38
27	38
28	38
29	38
30	38
31	38

	Dry (%)	Comfortable (%)	Humid (%)	Muggy (%)
1	42	31	22	5
2	43	31	21	5
3	44	30	21	5
4	46	30	20	4
5	47	30	19	4
6	48	30	18	4
7	50	30	17	3
8	51	31	15	3
9	52	31	14	3
10	53	31	13	3
11	54	32	12	2
12	55	32	11	2
13	55	32	11	2
14	56	32	10	2
15	57	31	10	2
16	58	31	9	2
17	59	31	8	2
18	60	30	8	2
19	60	30	8	2
20	62	29	7	2
21	63	28	7	2
22	66	27	6	1
23	67	26	6	1
24	68	25	6	1
25	69	24	6	1
26	71	22	6	1
27	73	21	5	1
28	74	20	5	1
29	76	18	5	1
30	78	17	5	0
31	79	16	5	0

	Avg high (°C)	Avg low (°C)
1	23	13
2	23	13
3	23	13
4	23	13
5	23	13
6	22	13
7	22	13
8	22	13
9	22	12
10	22	12
11	22	12
12	22	12
13	21	12
14	21	12
15	21	12
16	21	12
17	21	11
18	21	11
19	21	11
20	20	11
21	20	11
22	20	11
23	20	11
24	20	11
25	19	10
26	19	10
27	19	10
28	19	10
29	19	10
30	18	10
31	18	10

	Clearer (%)	Cloudier (%)
1	45	55
2	45	55
3	45	55
4	45	55
5	45	55
6	44	56
7	44	56
8	45	55
9	44	56
10	44	56
11	43	57
12	43	57
13	42	58
14	41	59
15	41	59
16	42	58
17	40	60
18	40	60
19	40	60
20	38	62
21	38	62
22	37	63
23	36	64
24	36	64
25	34	66
26	34	66
27	33	67
28	32	68
29	30	70
30	30	70
31	27	73

	Rain chance (%)
1	37
2	37
3	37
4	37
5	37
6	37
7	38
8	38
9	39
10	39
11	39
12	40
13	40
14	40
15	40
16	41
17	41
18	41
19	41
20	40
21	40
22	40
23	39
24	39
25	39
26	38
27	38
28	38
29	38
30	38
31	38

	Dry (%)	Comfortable (%)	Humid (%)	Muggy (%)
1	42	31	22	5
2	43	31	21	5
3	44	30	21	5
4	46	30	20	4
5	47	30	19	4
6	48	30	18	4
7	50	30	17	3
8	51	31	15	3
9	52	31	14	3
10	53	31	13	3
11	54	32	12	2
12	55	32	11	2
13	55	32	11	2
14	56	32	10	2
15	57	31	10	2
16	58	31	9	2
17	59	31	8	2
18	60	30	8	2
19	60	30	8	2
20	62	29	7	2
21	63	28	7	2
22	66	27	6	1
23	67	26	6	1
24	68	25	6	1
25	69	24	6	1
26	71	22	6	1
27	73	21	5	1
28	74	20	5	1
29	76	18	5	1
30	78	17	5	0
31	79	16	5	0

	Avg high (°C)	Avg low (°C)
1	23	13
2	23	13
3	23	13
4	23	13
5	23	13
6	22	13
7	22	13
8	22	13
9	22	12
10	22	12
11	22	12
12	22	12
13	21	12
14	21	12
15	21	12
16	21	12
17	21	11
18	21	11
19	21	11
20	20	11
21	20	11
22	20	11
23	20	11
24	20	11
25	19	10
26	19	10
27	19	10
28	19	10
29	19	10
30	18	10
31	18	10

	Clearer (%)	Cloudier (%)
1	45	55
2	45	55
3	45	55
4	45	55
5	45	55
6	44	56
7	44	56
8	45	55
9	44	56
10	44	56
11	43	57
12	43	57
13	42	58
14	41	59
15	41	59
16	42	58
17	40	60
18	40	60
19	40	60
20	38	62
21	38	62
22	37	63
23	36	64
24	36	64
25	34	66
26	34	66
27	33	67
28	32	68
29	30	70
30	30	70
31	27	73

	Rain chance (%)
1	37
2	37
3	37
4	37
5	37
6	37
7	38
8	38
9	39
10	39
11	39
12	40
13	40
14	40
15	40
16	41
17	41
18	41
19	41
20	40
21	40
22	40
23	39
24	39
25	39
26	38
27	38
28	38
29	38
30	38
31	38

	Dry (%)	Comfortable (%)	Humid (%)	Muggy (%)
1	42	31	22	5
2	43	31	21	5
3	44	30	21	5
4	46	30	20	4
5	47	30	19	4
6	48	30	18	4
7	50	30	17	3
8	51	31	15	3
9	52	31	14	3
10	53	31	13	3
11	54	32	12	2
12	55	32	11	2
13	55	32	11	2
14	56	32	10	2
15	57	31	10	2
16	58	31	9	2
17	59	31	8	2
18	60	30	8	2
19	60	30	8	2
20	62	29	7	2
21	63	28	7	2
22	66	27	6	1
23	67	26	6	1
24	68	25	6	1
25	69	24	6	1
26	71	22	6	1
27	73	21	5	1
28	74	20	5	1
29	76	18	5	1
30	78	17	5	0
31	79	16	5	0