Mariinsk weather in February
In February, Mariinsk sees average daytime highs of -9°C and overnight lows near -18°C, with 18 mm of precipitation across 5.7 wet days and about 9.1 hours of daylight. It is the 10th-warmest and 12th-wettest month of the year here.
Highs climb over the month, from about -12°C in the first days to -6°C by the end. The sky is clear or mostly clear about 15% of the time in February, and the air most often feels dry.
Daylight stretches from about 8 h 12 min at the start of February to 10 h 06 min by month's end. Set against the rest of the year, February is Mariinsk's 8th-clearest and 7th-windiest month. For the whole year in context, see Mariinsk's year-round climate.
- Daytime high
- -9°
- 10th warmest
- Overnight low
- -18°
- 2nd coldest
- Precipitation
- 18 mm
- 5.7 wet days
- Daylight
- 9 h 12 min
- 8:49 AM – 5:58 PM
- Cloud cover
- 79%
- 8th clearest
- Wind
- 13 km/h
- 7th windiest
- Solar energy
- 1.6 kWh/m²
- Travel score
- 0.0
- out of 10
Mariinsk is town in Kemerovo Oblast, Russia.
- Founded
- 1698
Air quality: WHO Ambient Air Quality Database. Density & description: Wikidata (CC0), GeoNames.
Temperature in February
Highs climb over the month, from about -12°C in the first days to -6°C by the end.
A typical February day in Mariinsk reaches about -9°C in the afternoon and slips back to -18°C overnight — a 9°C spread between the day's warmth and the night's chill. On most days the high lands between -18°C and -1°C. Set against its neighbours, February runs about 4°C warmer than January and about 8°C cooler than March.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Avg high (°C) | -12 | -12 | -11 | -11 | -11 | -11 | -11 | -10 | -10 | -10 | -10 | -9 | -9 | -9 | -9 | -9 | -8 | -8 | -8 | -8 | -8 | -7 | -7 | -7 | -7 | -6 | -6 | -6 |
| Avg low (°C) | -20 | -20 | -20 | -19 | -19 | -19 | -19 | -19 | -18 | -18 | -18 | -18 | -18 | -17 | -17 | -17 | -17 | -17 | -17 | -16 | -16 | -16 | -16 | -16 | -16 | -15 | -15 | -15 |
| Avg high (°C) | Avg low (°C) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | -12 | -20 |
| 2 | -12 | -20 |
| 3 | -11 | -20 |
| 4 | -11 | -19 |
| 5 | -11 | -19 |
| 6 | -11 | -19 |
| 7 | -11 | -19 |
| 8 | -10 | -19 |
| 9 | -10 | -18 |
| 10 | -10 | -18 |
| 11 | -10 | -18 |
| 12 | -9 | -18 |
| 13 | -9 | -18 |
| 14 | -9 | -17 |
| 15 | -9 | -17 |
| 16 | -9 | -17 |
| 17 | -8 | -17 |
| 18 | -8 | -17 |
| 19 | -8 | -17 |
| 20 | -8 | -16 |
| 21 | -8 | -16 |
| 22 | -7 | -16 |
| 23 | -7 | -16 |
| 24 | -7 | -16 |
| 25 | -7 | -16 |
| 26 | -6 | -15 |
| 27 | -6 | -15 |
| 28 | -6 | -15 |
How February really feels in Mariinsk
Once humidity and wind are folded in, February averages 0 days that feel above 32°C and 28 that feel at or below 0°C — the comfort signal a plain temperature reading hides.
The story in February is cold — wind chill drags the overnight "feels like" below the raw low.
Mariinsk weather by month
How February compares with the rest of the year at a glance. February is the 10th-warmest and 12th-wettest month here — the current month is highlighted below.
| Month | High / Low (°C) | Rainfall (mm) | Wet days | Snow days | Daylight (hours) | Travel score |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | -13° / -20° | 21 | 7 | 9.9 | 7.3 | 0.0 |
| Feb | -9° / -18° | 18 | 5.7 | 8.5 | 9.1 | 0.0 |
| Mar | -1° / -11° | 26 | 7.7 | 8.3 | 11.4 | 0.0 |
| Apr | 9° / -2° | 37 | 9.7 | 4.4 | 13.8 | 1.5 |
| May | 16° / 5° | 52 | 11.3 | 1 | 16 | 4.8 |
| Jun | 22° / 11° | 61 | 11.8 | 0 | 17.3 | 6.3 |
| Jul | 24° / 14° | 58 | 11 | 0 | 16.8 | 6.7 |
| Aug | 21° / 11° | 67 | 12.4 | 0 | 14.9 | 6.0 |
| Sep | 14° / 5° | 59 | 11.7 | 0.3 | 12.5 | 3.9 |
| Oct | 6° / -1° | 54 | 13 | 5.4 | 10.1 | 0.7 |
| Nov | -5° / -11° | 46 | 12.1 | 12.7 | 7.9 | 0.0 |
| Dec | -11° / -17° | 36 | 10.5 | 13.5 | 6.7 | 0.0 |
Cloud cover in February
The sky is clear or mostly clear about 15% of the time in February.
Beyond those clear spells, partly cloudy skies cover about 7% of February, with mostly cloudy or overcast conditions the remaining 78%.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clearer (%) | 25 | 25 | 25 | 24 | 23 | 23 | 22 | 22 | 21 | 21 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 19 | 19 | 20 | 20 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 24 | 24 |
| Cloudier (%) | 75 | 75 | 75 | 76 | 77 | 77 | 78 | 78 | 79 | 79 | 80 | 80 | 80 | 80 | 80 | 80 | 81 | 81 | 80 | 80 | 79 | 79 | 79 | 78 | 77 | 76 | 76 | 76 |
| Clearer (%) | Cloudier (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 25 | 75 |
| 2 | 25 | 75 |
| 3 | 25 | 75 |
| 4 | 24 | 76 |
| 5 | 23 | 77 |
| 6 | 23 | 77 |
| 7 | 22 | 78 |
| 8 | 22 | 78 |
| 9 | 21 | 79 |
| 10 | 21 | 79 |
| 11 | 20 | 80 |
| 12 | 20 | 80 |
| 13 | 20 | 80 |
| 14 | 20 | 80 |
| 15 | 20 | 80 |
| 16 | 20 | 80 |
| 17 | 19 | 81 |
| 18 | 19 | 81 |
| 19 | 20 | 80 |
| 20 | 20 | 80 |
| 21 | 21 | 79 |
| 22 | 21 | 79 |
| 23 | 21 | 79 |
| 24 | 22 | 78 |
| 25 | 23 | 77 |
| 26 | 24 | 76 |
| 27 | 24 | 76 |
| 28 | 24 | 76 |
Chance of precipitation in February
Mariinsk gets around 18 mm of rain and snow over 5.7 wet days in February, the driest month. The line is the day-by-day chance of measurable precipitation.
Day to day, the chance of measurable precipitation averages around 20% and peaks near 22% on the wettest days, and about 9 days bring snow.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rain chance (%) | 17 | 17 | 17 | 18 | 18 | 19 | 19 | 20 | 20 | 21 | 21 | 22 | 22 | 22 | 22 | 22 | 22 | 22 | 22 | 22 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 20 | 20 | 20 |
| Snow chance (%) | 24 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 30 | 31 | 32 | 33 | 33 | 33 | 33 | 33 | 33 | 33 | 32 | 32 | 31 | 31 | 30 | 30 | 29 | 28 | 28 |
| Rain chance (%) | Snow chance (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 17 | 24 |
| 2 | 17 | 24 |
| 3 | 17 | 25 |
| 4 | 18 | 26 |
| 5 | 18 | 26 |
| 6 | 19 | 27 |
| 7 | 19 | 28 |
| 8 | 20 | 29 |
| 9 | 20 | 30 |
| 10 | 21 | 30 |
| 11 | 21 | 31 |
| 12 | 22 | 32 |
| 13 | 22 | 33 |
| 14 | 22 | 33 |
| 15 | 22 | 33 |
| 16 | 22 | 33 |
| 17 | 22 | 33 |
| 18 | 22 | 33 |
| 19 | 22 | 33 |
| 20 | 22 | 32 |
| 21 | 21 | 32 |
| 22 | 21 | 31 |
| 23 | 21 | 31 |
| 24 | 21 | 30 |
| 25 | 21 | 30 |
| 26 | 20 | 29 |
| 27 | 20 | 28 |
| 28 | 20 | 28 |
Humidity in February
Most of February feels dry — the stacked bands show each day's mix of comfort levels, read off the dew point.
By dew point, February lands in the dry band about 100% of days. It rarely turns muggy — the humid and sticky bands barely register.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dry (%) | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
| Dry (%) | |
|---|---|
| 1 | 100 |
| 2 | 100 |
| 3 | 100 |
| 4 | 100 |
| 5 | 100 |
| 6 | 100 |
| 7 | 100 |
| 8 | 100 |
| 9 | 100 |
| 10 | 100 |
| 11 | 100 |
| 12 | 100 |
| 13 | 100 |
| 14 | 100 |
| 15 | 100 |
| 16 | 100 |
| 17 | 100 |
| 18 | 100 |
| 19 | 100 |
| 20 | 100 |
| 21 | 100 |
| 22 | 100 |
| 23 | 100 |
| 24 | 100 |
| 25 | 100 |
| 26 | 100 |
| 27 | 100 |
| 28 | 100 |
Wind in February
Winds average 13 km/h in February.
Across February, daily wind ranges from about 13 km/h on the calmest days to 14 km/h at its breeziest. It stays fairly steady from day to day.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wind speed (km/h) | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 13 | 13 | 13 |
| Feels | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze |
| Wind speed (km/h) | Feels | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 13 | light breeze |
| 2 | 13 | light breeze |
| 3 | 13 | light breeze |
| 4 | 13 | light breeze |
| 5 | 13 | light breeze |
| 6 | 13 | light breeze |
| 7 | 13 | light breeze |
| 8 | 13 | light breeze |
| 9 | 13 | light breeze |
| 10 | 13 | light breeze |
| 11 | 13 | light breeze |
| 12 | 13 | light breeze |
| 13 | 13 | light breeze |
| 14 | 13 | light breeze |
| 15 | 13 | light breeze |
| 16 | 13 | light breeze |
| 17 | 14 | light breeze |
| 18 | 14 | light breeze |
| 19 | 14 | light breeze |
| 20 | 14 | light breeze |
| 21 | 14 | light breeze |
| 22 | 14 | light breeze |
| 23 | 14 | light breeze |
| 24 | 14 | light breeze |
| 25 | 14 | light breeze |
| 26 | 13 | light breeze |
| 27 | 13 | light breeze |
| 28 | 13 | light breeze |
Sunrise & sunset in February
Daylight runs from about 8 h 12 min at the start of February to 10 h 06 min by month's end. The lit band spans sunrise to sunset each day.
Days grow by about 114 minutes over February. Sunrise moves from 9:18 AM to 8:18 AM, and sunset from 5:28 PM to 6:27 PM.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Daylight (h) | 8.2 | 8.2 | 8.3 | 8.4 | 8.4 | 8.5 | 8.6 | 8.6 | 8.7 | 8.8 | 8.9 | 8.9 | 9.0 | 9.1 | 9.2 | 9.2 | 9.3 | 9.4 | 9.5 | 9.5 | 9.6 | 9.7 | 9.8 | 9.8 | 9.9 | 10.0 | 10.1 | 10.1 |
| Sunrise (AM) | 9:18 | 9:16 | 9:14 | 9:12 | 9:10 | 9:08 | 9:06 | 9:04 | 9:02 | 9:00 | 8:58 | 8:56 | 8:54 | 8:51 | 8:49 | 8:47 | 8:45 | 8:42 | 8:40 | 8:38 | 8:35 | 8:33 | 8:30 | 8:28 | 8:26 | 8:23 | 8:21 | 8:18 |
| Sunset (PM) | 5:28 | 5:30 | 5:32 | 5:34 | 5:36 | 5:38 | 5:41 | 5:43 | 5:45 | 5:47 | 5:49 | 5:52 | 5:54 | 5:56 | 5:58 | 6:00 | 6:03 | 6:05 | 6:07 | 6:09 | 6:12 | 6:14 | 6:16 | 6:18 | 6:20 | 6:23 | 6:25 | 6:27 |
| Daylight (h) | Sunrise (AM) | Sunset (PM) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 8.2 | 9:18 | 5:28 |
| 2 | 8.2 | 9:16 | 5:30 |
| 3 | 8.3 | 9:14 | 5:32 |
| 4 | 8.4 | 9:12 | 5:34 |
| 5 | 8.4 | 9:10 | 5:36 |
| 6 | 8.5 | 9:08 | 5:38 |
| 7 | 8.6 | 9:06 | 5:41 |
| 8 | 8.6 | 9:04 | 5:43 |
| 9 | 8.7 | 9:02 | 5:45 |
| 10 | 8.8 | 9:00 | 5:47 |
| 11 | 8.9 | 8:58 | 5:49 |
| 12 | 8.9 | 8:56 | 5:52 |
| 13 | 9.0 | 8:54 | 5:54 |
| 14 | 9.1 | 8:51 | 5:56 |
| 15 | 9.2 | 8:49 | 5:58 |
| 16 | 9.2 | 8:47 | 6:00 |
| 17 | 9.3 | 8:45 | 6:03 |
| 18 | 9.4 | 8:42 | 6:05 |
| 19 | 9.5 | 8:40 | 6:07 |
| 20 | 9.5 | 8:38 | 6:09 |
| 21 | 9.6 | 8:35 | 6:12 |
| 22 | 9.7 | 8:33 | 6:14 |
| 23 | 9.8 | 8:30 | 6:16 |
| 24 | 9.8 | 8:28 | 6:18 |
| 25 | 9.9 | 8:26 | 6:20 |
| 26 | 10.0 | 8:23 | 6:23 |
| 27 | 10.1 | 8:21 | 6:25 |
| 28 | 10.1 | 8:18 | 6:27 |
Solar energy in February
Average shortwave solar energy reaching the ground each day in February, about 1.6 kWh/m².
For context, solar energy here swings from a low near 0.47 kWh/m² to a high of 5.95 kWh/m² in June across the year — February's 1.6 kWh/m² falls in the middle.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | 1.1 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.6 | 1.6 | 1.6 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.9 | 1.9 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.2 | 2.2 |
| Level | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate |
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1.1 | Dim |
| 2 | 1.2 | Dim |
| 3 | 1.2 | Dim |
| 4 | 1.2 | Dim |
| 5 | 1.3 | Dim |
| 6 | 1.3 | Dim |
| 7 | 1.3 | Dim |
| 8 | 1.4 | Dim |
| 9 | 1.4 | Dim |
| 10 | 1.4 | Dim |
| 11 | 1.4 | Dim |
| 12 | 1.5 | Dim |
| 13 | 1.5 | Dim |
| 14 | 1.6 | Dim |
| 15 | 1.6 | Dim |
| 16 | 1.6 | Dim |
| 17 | 1.7 | Dim |
| 18 | 1.7 | Dim |
| 19 | 1.8 | Dim |
| 20 | 1.8 | Dim |
| 21 | 1.9 | Dim |
| 22 | 1.9 | Dim |
| 23 | 2.0 | Dim |
| 24 | 2.0 | Moderate |
| 25 | 2.1 | Moderate |
| 26 | 2.1 | Moderate |
| 27 | 2.2 | Moderate |
| 28 | 2.2 | Moderate |
Is February a good time to visit Mariinsk?
Our two travel scores rate February for general sightseeing and for beach or pool weather — 0 (poor) to 10 (ideal).
February is a weaker month for outdoor sightseeing in Mariinsk.
What to pack for Mariinsk in February
From February's temperature range, rain chance, sun and wind — what's worth putting in the bag.
In February, Mariinsk sees daytime highs around -9°C and nights near -18°C. Pack a warm layer and a heavy coat. About 6 days see rain.
UV index in Mariinsk in February
Clear-sky midday UV in February peaks around 1. The full-year curve, shaded by WHO exposure level, is below.
Under clear skies, the midday UV index in Mariinsk peaks around June 23 at about 6 (high) — a little sun protection helps at midday. It bottoms out near December 21 at about 0 (low).
The index reaches 3 or more — the level where the WHO recommends sun protection — in 5 months of the year.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UV index (midday) | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 5 | 6 | 6 | 5 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Level | Low | Low | Low | Moderate | Moderate | High | High | Moderate | Moderate | Low | Low | Low |
| UV index (midday) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 0 | Low |
| Feb | 1 | Low |
| Mar | 2 | Low |
| Apr | 3 | Moderate |
| May | 5 | Moderate |
| Jun | 6 | High |
| Jul | 6 | High |
| Aug | 5 | Moderate |
| Sep | 3 | Moderate |
| Oct | 1 | Low |
| Nov | 1 | Low |
| Dec | 0 | Low |
Air quality in Mariinsk in February
Average fine-particle pollution (PM2.5) through the year — so you can see where February falls, not just the annual average.
Air quality in Mariinsk is worst in July — around 15 µg/m³ PM2.5 (moderate), about 5.4× the cleanest month (December, 3 µg/m³).
Modeled monthly averages (CAMS reanalysis, 2015–2024).
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PM2.5 (µg/m³) | 5 | 7 | 8 | 13 | 9 | 9 | 15 | 9 | 7 | 6 | 4 | 3 |
| Level | Good | Good | Good | Moderate | Good | Good | Moderate | Good | Good | Good | Good | Good |
| PM2.5 (µg/m³) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 5 | Good |
| Feb | 7 | Good |
| Mar | 8 | Good |
| Apr | 13 | Moderate |
| May | 9 | Good |
| Jun | 9 | Good |
| Jul | 15 | Moderate |
| Aug | 9 | Good |
| Sep | 7 | Good |
| Oct | 6 | Good |
| Nov | 4 | Good |
| Dec | 3 | Good |
Where is Mariinsk?
Mariinsk sits at 56.2°N, 87.7°E, 141 m above sea level, in Russia. The nearest listed city is Anzhero-Sudzhensk, 107 km away.
Topography around Mariinsk
How much the land rises and falls, and what covers it, within 3, 16 and 80 km of Mariinsk.
Within 3 km, the terrain around Mariinsk has only modest variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 35 m around an average of 137 m above sea level; within 16 km, only modest variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 120 m; within 80 km, significant variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 563 m.
The land around Mariinsk is covered by trees (33%), grassland (27%) and artificial surfaces (22%) within 3 km, trees (47%), grassland (29%) and cropland (22%) within 16 km, and trees (74%) within 80 km.
Russia travel facts
- Travel advisory
- Level 4
- Do Not Travel
- Power plugs
- Type C / F
- 230 V · 50 Hz
- Prices
- ≈ 32% of US
- price level, 2025
- GDP per capita
- $17,547
- 2025
- Happiness
- 5.8 / 10
- World Happiness, 2025
- Safe drinking water
- 76%
- of population, 2024
- Homicide rate
- 6.8
- per 100k, 2021
- Road deaths
- 12
- per 100k/yr, 2019
- Income group
- High
- World Bank
- English
- Moderate
- EF EPI 521
- Religion
Sources: World Bank, US State Department, World Happiness Report, WHO/UNICEF, EF EPI, CIA World Factbook.
Data sources
Temperature, precipitation, cloud, humidity, wind and solar figures are a 1991–2020 climatology for Mariinsk (56.2098°, 87.7317°, elevation 141 m), computed from hourly ERA5 reanalysis — contains modified Copernicus Climate Change Service information. Sun figures are astronomical calculations, not observations. City data © GeoNames, CC BY 4.0. Map outlines from Natural Earth (public domain); interactive map © Google. UV index is derived from CAMS (Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service) clear-sky UV data — contains modified Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service information. Monthly air-quality (PM2.5) seasonality is from the CAMS EAC4 reanalysis (Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service), scaled to the WHO annual mean where available. Topography is sampled from the Copernicus DEM GLO-90 elevation model (© ESA/Airbus) and ESA WorldCover 2021 land cover (CC BY 4.0).