Medvedevo weather in November
In November, Medvedevo sees average daytime highs of -1°C and overnight lows near -5°C, with 45 mm of precipitation across 10.2 wet days and about 7.8 hours of daylight. It is the 9th-warmest and 7th-wettest month of the year here.
Highs ease over the month, from about 2°C in the first days to -4°C by the end. The sky is clear or mostly clear about 7% of the time in November, and the air most often feels dry.
Daylight stretches from about 8 h 48 min at the start of November to 7 hours by month's end. Set against the rest of the year, November is Medvedevo's 10th-clearest and 6th-windiest month. For the whole year in context, see Medvedevo's year-round climate.
- Daytime high
- -1°
- 9th warmest
- Overnight low
- -5°
- 5th coldest
- Precipitation
- 45 mm
- 10.2 wet days
- Daylight
- 7 h 48 min
- 7:41 AM – 3:27 PM
- Cloud cover
- 88%
- 10th clearest
- Wind
- 13 km/h
- 6th windiest
- Solar energy
- 0.54 kWh/m²
- Travel score
- 0.0
- out of 10
Medvedevo is human settlement in Medvedevsky District, Mari El Republic, Russia.
- Density
- 2,802/km²
- people per km²
- Founded
- 1601
Air quality: WHO Ambient Air Quality Database. Density & description: Wikidata (CC0), GeoNames.
Temperature in November
Highs ease over the month, from about 2°C in the first days to -4°C by the end.
A typical November day in Medvedevo reaches about -1°C in the afternoon and slips back to -5°C overnight — a 4°C spread between the day's warmth and the night's chill. On most days the high lands between -8°C and 5°C. Set against its neighbours, November runs about 8°C cooler than October and about 5°C warmer than December.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Avg high (°C) | 3 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -1 | -1 | -1 | -1 | -2 | -2 | -2 | -2 | -3 | -3 | -3 | -3 | -3 | -3 | -4 | -4 | -4 |
| Avg low (°C) | -2 | -2 | -2 | -2 | -3 | -3 | -3 | -3 | -4 | -4 | -4 | -4 | -5 | -5 | -5 | -5 | -6 | -6 | -6 | -6 | -7 | -7 | -7 | -7 | -8 | -8 | -8 | -8 | -8 | -8 |
| Avg high (°C) | Avg low (°C) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 3 | -2 |
| 2 | 2 | -2 |
| 3 | 2 | -2 |
| 4 | 2 | -2 |
| 5 | 2 | -3 |
| 6 | 1 | -3 |
| 7 | 1 | -3 |
| 8 | 1 | -3 |
| 9 | 1 | -4 |
| 10 | 0 | -4 |
| 11 | 0 | -4 |
| 12 | 0 | -4 |
| 13 | 0 | -5 |
| 14 | -1 | -5 |
| 15 | -1 | -5 |
| 16 | -1 | -5 |
| 17 | -1 | -6 |
| 18 | -2 | -6 |
| 19 | -2 | -6 |
| 20 | -2 | -6 |
| 21 | -2 | -7 |
| 22 | -3 | -7 |
| 23 | -3 | -7 |
| 24 | -3 | -7 |
| 25 | -3 | -8 |
| 26 | -3 | -8 |
| 27 | -3 | -8 |
| 28 | -4 | -8 |
| 29 | -4 | -8 |
| 30 | -4 | -8 |
How November really feels in Medvedevo
Once humidity and wind are folded in, November averages 0 days that feel above 32°C and 30 that feel at or below 0°C — the comfort signal a plain temperature reading hides.
The story in November is cold — wind chill drags the overnight "feels like" below the raw low.
Medvedevo weather by month
How November compares with the rest of the year at a glance. November is the 9th-warmest and 7th-wettest month here — the current month is highlighted below.
| Month | High / Low (°C) | Rainfall (mm) | Wet days | Snow days | Daylight (hours) | Travel score |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | -8° / -13° | 40 | 10.9 | 12.6 | 7.2 | 0.0 |
| Feb | -6° / -13° | 33 | 8.4 | 10.1 | 9.1 | 0.0 |
| Mar | 0° / -7° | 37 | 9.1 | 8.8 | 11.4 | 0.0 |
| Apr | 10° / 1° | 41 | 9.1 | 2.8 | 13.9 | 2.2 |
| May | 18° / 7° | 49 | 10.2 | 0.3 | 16.1 | 5.6 |
| Jun | 22° / 11° | 69 | 11.9 | 0 | 17.4 | 6.2 |
| Jul | 24° / 14° | 74 | 11.3 | 0 | 16.9 | 6.8 |
| Aug | 22° / 12° | 62 | 10.3 | 0 | 14.9 | 6.4 |
| Sep | 15° / 7° | 59 | 10.9 | 0.1 | 12.5 | 4.5 |
| Oct | 7° / 1° | 61 | 11.6 | 2.7 | 10 | 1.1 |
| Nov | -1° / -5° | 45 | 10.2 | 8.2 | 7.8 | 0.0 |
| Dec | -6° / -11° | 43 | 11 | 11.9 | 6.6 | 0.0 |
Cloud cover in November
The sky is clear or mostly clear about 7% of the time in November.
Beyond those clear spells, partly cloudy skies cover about 4% of November, with mostly cloudy or overcast conditions the remaining 89%.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clearer (%) | 12 | 12 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 10 | 9 | 9 |
| Cloudier (%) | 88 | 88 | 89 | 89 | 89 | 89 | 89 | 89 | 89 | 89 | 89 | 89 | 89 | 89 | 89 | 89 | 89 | 89 | 89 | 89 | 89 | 89 | 89 | 89 | 89 | 89 | 89 | 90 | 91 | 91 |
| Clearer (%) | Cloudier (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 12 | 88 |
| 2 | 12 | 88 |
| 3 | 11 | 89 |
| 4 | 11 | 89 |
| 5 | 11 | 89 |
| 6 | 11 | 89 |
| 7 | 11 | 89 |
| 8 | 11 | 89 |
| 9 | 11 | 89 |
| 10 | 11 | 89 |
| 11 | 11 | 89 |
| 12 | 11 | 89 |
| 13 | 11 | 89 |
| 14 | 11 | 89 |
| 15 | 11 | 89 |
| 16 | 11 | 89 |
| 17 | 11 | 89 |
| 18 | 11 | 89 |
| 19 | 11 | 89 |
| 20 | 11 | 89 |
| 21 | 11 | 89 |
| 22 | 11 | 89 |
| 23 | 11 | 89 |
| 24 | 11 | 89 |
| 25 | 11 | 89 |
| 26 | 11 | 89 |
| 27 | 11 | 89 |
| 28 | 10 | 90 |
| 29 | 9 | 91 |
| 30 | 9 | 91 |
Chance of precipitation in November
Medvedevo gets around 45 mm of rain and snow over 10.2 wet days in November. The line is the day-by-day chance of measurable precipitation.
Day to day, the chance of measurable precipitation averages around 34% and peaks near 37% on the wettest days, and about 8 days bring snow. The odds ease toward the end of the month.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rain chance (%) | 37 | 37 | 37 | 37 | 37 | 37 | 37 | 37 | 37 | 37 | 37 | 37 | 36 | 36 | 35 | 35 | 34 | 34 | 33 | 33 | 32 | 32 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 |
| Snow chance (%) | 20 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 27 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 29 | 29 | 29 | 29 | 29 | 29 | 29 | 29 | 30 | 30 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 32 | 32 | 33 |
| Rain chance (%) | Snow chance (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 37 | 20 |
| 2 | 37 | 20 |
| 3 | 37 | 21 |
| 4 | 37 | 22 |
| 5 | 37 | 23 |
| 6 | 37 | 24 |
| 7 | 37 | 24 |
| 8 | 37 | 25 |
| 9 | 37 | 26 |
| 10 | 37 | 27 |
| 11 | 37 | 27 |
| 12 | 37 | 28 |
| 13 | 36 | 28 |
| 14 | 36 | 28 |
| 15 | 35 | 29 |
| 16 | 35 | 29 |
| 17 | 34 | 29 |
| 18 | 34 | 29 |
| 19 | 33 | 29 |
| 20 | 33 | 29 |
| 21 | 32 | 29 |
| 22 | 32 | 29 |
| 23 | 31 | 30 |
| 24 | 31 | 30 |
| 25 | 31 | 31 |
| 26 | 31 | 31 |
| 27 | 31 | 31 |
| 28 | 31 | 32 |
| 29 | 31 | 32 |
| 30 | 31 | 33 |
Humidity in November
Most of November feels dry — the stacked bands show each day's mix of comfort levels, read off the dew point.
By dew point, November lands in the dry band about 100% of days. It rarely turns muggy — the humid and sticky bands barely register.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dry (%) | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
| Dry (%) | |
|---|---|
| 1 | 100 |
| 2 | 100 |
| 3 | 100 |
| 4 | 100 |
| 5 | 100 |
| 6 | 100 |
| 7 | 100 |
| 8 | 100 |
| 9 | 100 |
| 10 | 100 |
| 11 | 100 |
| 12 | 100 |
| 13 | 100 |
| 14 | 100 |
| 15 | 100 |
| 16 | 100 |
| 17 | 100 |
| 18 | 100 |
| 19 | 100 |
| 20 | 100 |
| 21 | 100 |
| 22 | 100 |
| 23 | 100 |
| 24 | 100 |
| 25 | 100 |
| 26 | 100 |
| 27 | 100 |
| 28 | 100 |
| 29 | 100 |
| 30 | 100 |
Wind in November
Winds average 13 km/h in November.
Across November, daily wind ranges from about 13 km/h on the calmest days to 13 km/h at its breeziest. It stays fairly steady from day to day.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wind speed (km/h) | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 |
| Feels | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze |
| Wind speed (km/h) | Feels | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 13 | light breeze |
| 2 | 13 | light breeze |
| 3 | 13 | light breeze |
| 4 | 13 | light breeze |
| 5 | 13 | light breeze |
| 6 | 13 | light breeze |
| 7 | 13 | light breeze |
| 8 | 13 | light breeze |
| 9 | 13 | light breeze |
| 10 | 13 | light breeze |
| 11 | 13 | light breeze |
| 12 | 13 | light breeze |
| 13 | 13 | light breeze |
| 14 | 13 | light breeze |
| 15 | 13 | light breeze |
| 16 | 13 | light breeze |
| 17 | 13 | light breeze |
| 18 | 13 | light breeze |
| 19 | 13 | light breeze |
| 20 | 13 | light breeze |
| 21 | 13 | light breeze |
| 22 | 13 | light breeze |
| 23 | 13 | light breeze |
| 24 | 13 | light breeze |
| 25 | 13 | light breeze |
| 26 | 13 | light breeze |
| 27 | 13 | light breeze |
| 28 | 13 | light breeze |
| 29 | 13 | light breeze |
| 30 | 13 | light breeze |
Sunrise & sunset in November
Daylight runs from about 8 h 48 min at the start of November to 7 hours by month's end. The lit band spans sunrise to sunset each day.
Days shrink by about 108 minutes over November. Sunrise moves from 7:08 AM to 8:08 AM, and sunset from 3:56 PM to 3:09 PM.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Daylight (h) | 8.8 | 8.7 | 8.7 | 8.6 | 8.5 | 8.4 | 8.4 | 8.3 | 8.2 | 8.2 | 8.1 | 8.0 | 8.0 | 7.9 | 7.8 | 7.8 | 7.7 | 7.7 | 7.6 | 7.5 | 7.5 | 7.4 | 7.4 | 7.3 | 7.3 | 7.2 | 7.2 | 7.1 | 7.1 | 7.0 |
| Sunrise (AM) | 7:08 | 7:10 | 7:13 | 7:15 | 7:17 | 7:19 | 7:21 | 7:24 | 7:26 | 7:28 | 7:30 | 7:32 | 7:34 | 7:37 | 7:39 | 7:41 | 7:43 | 7:45 | 7:47 | 7:49 | 7:51 | 7:53 | 7:55 | 7:57 | 7:59 | 8:01 | 8:02 | 8:04 | 8:06 | 8:08 |
| Sunset (PM) | 3:56 | 3:54 | 3:52 | 3:50 | 3:48 | 3:46 | 3:44 | 3:42 | 3:40 | 3:38 | 3:36 | 3:34 | 3:32 | 3:31 | 3:29 | 3:27 | 3:26 | 3:24 | 3:23 | 3:21 | 3:20 | 3:18 | 3:17 | 3:15 | 3:14 | 3:13 | 3:12 | 3:11 | 3:10 | 3:09 |
| Daylight (h) | Sunrise (AM) | Sunset (PM) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 8.8 | 7:08 | 3:56 |
| 2 | 8.7 | 7:10 | 3:54 |
| 3 | 8.7 | 7:13 | 3:52 |
| 4 | 8.6 | 7:15 | 3:50 |
| 5 | 8.5 | 7:17 | 3:48 |
| 6 | 8.4 | 7:19 | 3:46 |
| 7 | 8.4 | 7:21 | 3:44 |
| 8 | 8.3 | 7:24 | 3:42 |
| 9 | 8.2 | 7:26 | 3:40 |
| 10 | 8.2 | 7:28 | 3:38 |
| 11 | 8.1 | 7:30 | 3:36 |
| 12 | 8.0 | 7:32 | 3:34 |
| 13 | 8.0 | 7:34 | 3:32 |
| 14 | 7.9 | 7:37 | 3:31 |
| 15 | 7.8 | 7:39 | 3:29 |
| 16 | 7.8 | 7:41 | 3:27 |
| 17 | 7.7 | 7:43 | 3:26 |
| 18 | 7.7 | 7:45 | 3:24 |
| 19 | 7.6 | 7:47 | 3:23 |
| 20 | 7.5 | 7:49 | 3:21 |
| 21 | 7.5 | 7:51 | 3:20 |
| 22 | 7.4 | 7:53 | 3:18 |
| 23 | 7.4 | 7:55 | 3:17 |
| 24 | 7.3 | 7:57 | 3:15 |
| 25 | 7.3 | 7:59 | 3:14 |
| 26 | 7.2 | 8:01 | 3:13 |
| 27 | 7.2 | 8:02 | 3:12 |
| 28 | 7.1 | 8:04 | 3:11 |
| 29 | 7.1 | 8:06 | 3:10 |
| 30 | 7.0 | 8:08 | 3:09 |
Solar energy in November
Average shortwave solar energy reaching the ground each day in November, about 0.54 kWh/m².
For context, solar energy here swings from a low near 0.32 kWh/m² to a high of 5.69 kWh/m² in June across the year — November's 0.54 kWh/m² sits near the bottom.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 |
| Level | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim |
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 0.8 | Dim |
| 2 | 0.8 | Dim |
| 3 | 0.7 | Dim |
| 4 | 0.7 | Dim |
| 5 | 0.7 | Dim |
| 6 | 0.7 | Dim |
| 7 | 0.7 | Dim |
| 8 | 0.6 | Dim |
| 9 | 0.6 | Dim |
| 10 | 0.6 | Dim |
| 11 | 0.6 | Dim |
| 12 | 0.6 | Dim |
| 13 | 0.6 | Dim |
| 14 | 0.6 | Dim |
| 15 | 0.6 | Dim |
| 16 | 0.5 | Dim |
| 17 | 0.5 | Dim |
| 18 | 0.5 | Dim |
| 19 | 0.5 | Dim |
| 20 | 0.5 | Dim |
| 21 | 0.5 | Dim |
| 22 | 0.5 | Dim |
| 23 | 0.5 | Dim |
| 24 | 0.5 | Dim |
| 25 | 0.4 | Dim |
| 26 | 0.4 | Dim |
| 27 | 0.4 | Dim |
| 28 | 0.4 | Dim |
| 29 | 0.4 | Dim |
| 30 | 0.4 | Dim |
Is November a good time to visit Medvedevo?
Our two travel scores rate November for general sightseeing and for beach or pool weather — 0 (poor) to 10 (ideal).
November is a weaker month for outdoor sightseeing in Medvedevo.
What to pack for Medvedevo in November
From November's temperature range, rain chance, sun and wind — what's worth putting in the bag.
In November, Medvedevo sees daytime highs around -1°C and nights near -5°C. Pack a warm layer and a heavy coat. Worth having: rain gear. About 10 days see rain.
UV index in Medvedevo in November
Clear-sky midday UV in November peaks around 1. The full-year curve, shaded by WHO exposure level, is below.
Under clear skies, the midday UV index in Medvedevo peaks around June 21 at about 6 (high) — sunscreen and a hat are worth it in the middle of the day. It bottoms out near December 19 at about 0 (low).
The index reaches 3 or more — the level where the WHO recommends sun protection — in 6 months of the year.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UV index (midday) | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 6 | 6 | 4 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Level | Low | Low | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | High | High | Moderate | Moderate | Low | Low | Low |
| UV index (midday) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 0 | Low |
| Feb | 1 | Low |
| Mar | 2 | Moderate |
| Apr | 3 | Moderate |
| May | 4 | Moderate |
| Jun | 6 | High |
| Jul | 6 | High |
| Aug | 4 | Moderate |
| Sep | 3 | Moderate |
| Oct | 1 | Low |
| Nov | 1 | Low |
| Dec | 0 | Low |
Where is Medvedevo?
Medvedevo sits at 56.6°N, 47.8°E, 114 m above sea level, in Russia. The nearest listed city is Yoshkar-Ola, 5.0 km away.
Topography around Medvedevo
How much the land rises and falls, and what covers it, within 3, 16 and 80 km of Medvedevo.
Within 3 km, the terrain around Medvedevo has only modest variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 42 m around an average of 108 m above sea level; within 16 km, only modest variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 95 m; within 80 km, only modest variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 229 m.
The land around Medvedevo is covered by cropland (29%), artificial surfaces (27%) and grassland (22%) within 3 km, trees (61%) within 16 km, and trees (64%) within 80 km.
Russia travel facts
- Travel advisory
- Level 4
- Do Not Travel
- Power plugs
- Type C / F
- 230 V · 50 Hz
- Prices
- ≈ 32% of US
- price level, 2025
- GDP per capita
- $17,547
- 2025
- Happiness
- 5.8 / 10
- World Happiness, 2025
- Safe drinking water
- 76%
- of population, 2024
- Homicide rate
- 6.8
- per 100k, 2021
- Road deaths
- 12
- per 100k/yr, 2019
- Income group
- High
- World Bank
- English
- Moderate
- EF EPI 521
- Religion
Sources: World Bank, US State Department, World Happiness Report, WHO/UNICEF, EF EPI, CIA World Factbook.
Data sources
Temperature, precipitation, cloud, humidity, wind and solar figures are a 1991–2020 climatology for Medvedevo (56.634°, 47.8035°, elevation 114 m), computed from hourly ERA5 reanalysis — contains modified Copernicus Climate Change Service information. Sun figures are astronomical calculations, not observations. City data © GeoNames, CC BY 4.0. Map outlines from Natural Earth (public domain); interactive map © Google. UV index is derived from CAMS (Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service) clear-sky UV data — contains modified Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service information. Topography is sampled from the Copernicus DEM GLO-90 elevation model (© ESA/Airbus) and ESA WorldCover 2021 land cover (CC BY 4.0).