Nikol’sk weather in October

In October, Nikol’sk sees average daytime highs of 9°C and overnight lows near 2°C, with 50 mm of precipitation across 9.9 wet days and about 10.3 hours of daylight. It is the 7th-warmest and 6th-wettest month of the year here.

Highs ease over the month, from about 12°C in the first days to 4°C by the end. The sky is clear or mostly clear about 13% of the time in October, and the air most often feels dry.

Daylight stretches from about 11 h 18 min at the start of October to 9 h 12 min by month's end. Set against the rest of the year, October is Nikol’sk's 8th-clearest and 5th-windiest month. For the whole year in context, see Nikol’sk's year-round climate.

Daytime high: 9°; 7th warmest
Overnight low: 2°; 7th coldest
Precipitation: 50 mm; 9.9 wet days
Daylight: 10 h 12 min; 6:33 AM – 4:48 PM
Cloud cover: 77%; 8th clearest
Wind: 13 km/h; 5th windiest
Solar energy: 1.52 kWh/m²
Travel score: 1.6; out of 10

Nikol’sk is city in Penza Oblast, Russia.

Density: 2,025/km²; people per km²
Founded: 1761

Air quality: WHO Ambient Air Quality Database. Density & description: Wikidata (CC0), GeoNames.

← September Nikol’sk year-round climate November →Best places to visit in October

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Temperature in October

Average highAverage lowShaded bands: 10–90% of days

Highs ease over the month, from about 12°C in the first days to 4°C by the end.

A typical October day in Nikol’sk reaches about 9°C in the afternoon and slips back to 2°C overnight — a 7°C spread between the day's warmth and the night's chill. On most days the high lands between 2°C and 15°C. Set against its neighbours, October runs about 8°C cooler than September and about 9°C warmer than November.

	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19	20	21	22	23	24	25	26	27	28	29	30	31
Avg high (°C)	13	13	12	12	12	12	11	11	11	11	10	10	10	9	9	9	8	8	8	7	7	7	6	6	6	5	5	5	4	4	4
Avg low (°C)	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	3	3	3	3	3	3	2	2	2	2	2	1	1	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	-1	-1	-1	-1

	Avg high (°C)	Avg low (°C)
1	13	4
2	13	4
3	12	4
4	12	4
5	12	4
6	12	4
7	11	4
8	11	3
9	11	3
10	11	3
11	10	3
12	10	3
13	10	3
14	9	2
15	9	2
16	9	2
17	8	2
18	8	2
19	8	1
20	7	1
21	7	1
22	7	1
23	6	0
24	6	0
25	6	0
26	5	0
27	5	0
28	5	-1
29	4	-1
30	4	-1
31	4	-1

How October really feels in Nikol’sk

Once humidity and wind are folded in, October averages 0 days that feel above 32°C and 24 that feel at or below 0°C — the comfort signal a plain temperature reading hides.

Days feeling ≥ 32°C

heat index over the day's high

Days feeling ≤ 0°C

wind chill below the day's low

The story in October is cold — wind chill drags the overnight "feels like" below the raw low.

Nikol’sk weather by month

How October compares with the rest of the year at a glance. October is the 7th-warmest and 6th-wettest month here — the current month is highlighted below.

Month	High / Low (°C)	Rainfall (mm)	Wet days	Snow days	Daylight (hours)	Travel score
Jan	-7° / -12°	35	9.4	11.3	7.8	0.0
Feb	-5° / -12°	30	7.8	9.1	9.4	0.0
Mar	1° / -7°	35	8.9	8.5	11.5	0.0
Apr	11° / 2°	45	8.9	2.4	13.7	2.7
May	19° / 8°	51	9.9	0.2	15.6	6.0
Jun	22° / 12°	67	11.3	0	16.7	6.5
Jul	25° / 14°	64	10.9	0	16.3	6.8
Aug	23° / 12°	64	9.5	0	14.6	6.9
Sep	17° / 7°	53	9.4	0	12.5	5.1
Oct	9° / 2°	50	9.9	2	10.3	1.6
Nov	0° / -5°	40	9.2	6.8	8.3	0.0
Dec	-5° / -10°	38	9.9	11.4	7.3	0.0

Cloud cover in October

ClearMostly clearPartly cloudyMostly cloudyOvercast

The sky is clear or mostly clear about 13% of the time in October.

Beyond those clear spells, partly cloudy skies cover about 9% of October, with mostly cloudy or overcast conditions the remaining 78%. Skies tend to cloud over as the month goes on.

	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19	20	21	22	23	24	25	26	27	28	29	30	31
Clearer (%)	29	29	29	27	27	27	27	26	26	25	25	24	24	23	23	22	20	20	20	20	20	19	19	18	18	17	17	16	14	14	14
Cloudier (%)	71	71	71	73	73	73	73	74	74	75	75	76	76	77	77	78	80	80	80	80	80	81	81	82	82	83	83	84	86	86	86

	Clearer (%)	Cloudier (%)
1	29	71
2	29	71
3	29	71
4	27	73
5	27	73
6	27	73
7	27	73
8	26	74
9	26	74
10	25	75
11	25	75
12	24	76
13	24	76
14	23	77
15	23	77
16	22	78
17	20	80
18	20	80
19	20	80
20	20	80
21	20	80
22	19	81
23	19	81
24	18	82
25	18	82
26	17	83
27	17	83
28	16	84
29	14	86
30	14	86
31	14	86

Chance of precipitation in October

Any precipitationSnow

Nikol’sk gets around 50 mm of rain and snow over 9.9 wet days in October. The line is the day-by-day chance of measurable precipitation.

Day to day, the chance of measurable precipitation averages around 32% and peaks near 33% on the wettest days, and about 2 days bring snow.

	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19	20	21	22	23	24	25	26	27	28	29	30	31
Rain chance (%)	31	31	31	31	31	31	31	31	31	31	31	31	31	31	31	31	31	31	31	31	32	32	32	32	33	33	33	33	33	33	33
Snow chance (%)	2	2	2	3	3	3	3	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	5	5	5	6	6	7	8	9	10	10	11	12	13	14	14	15

	Rain chance (%)	Snow chance (%)
1	31	2
2	31	2
3	31	2
4	31	3
5	31	3
6	31	3
7	31	3
8	31	4
9	31	4
10	31	4
11	31	4
12	31	4
13	31	4
14	31	4
15	31	4
16	31	5
17	31	5
18	31	5
19	31	6
20	31	6
21	32	7
22	32	8
23	32	9
24	32	10
25	33	10
26	33	11
27	33	12
28	33	13
29	33	14
30	33	14
31	33	15

Humidity in October

DryComfortableHumidMuggyOppressiveMiserable

Most of October feels dry — the stacked bands show each day's mix of comfort levels, read off the dew point.

By dew point, October lands in the dry band about 100% of days. It rarely turns muggy — the humid and sticky bands barely register.

	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19	20	21	22	23	24	25	26	27	28	29	30	31
Dry (%)	99	99	99	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100
Comfortable (%)	1	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0

	Dry (%)	Comfortable (%)
1	99	1
2	99	1
3	99	1
4	100	0
5	100	0
6	100	0
7	100	0
8	100	0
9	100	0
10	100	0
11	100	0
12	100	0
13	100	0
14	100	0
15	100	0
16	100	0
17	100	0
18	100	0
19	100	0
20	100	0
21	100	0
22	100	0
23	100	0
24	100	0
25	100	0
26	100	0
27	100	0
28	100	0
29	100	0
30	100	0
31	100	0

Wind in October

Winds average 13 km/h in October.

Across October, daily wind ranges from about 13 km/h on the calmest days to 13 km/h at its breeziest. It stays fairly steady from day to day.

	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19	20	21	22	23	24	25	26	27	28	29	30	31
Wind speed (km/h)	13	13	13	13	13	13	13	13	13	13	13	13	13	13	13	13	13	13	13	13	13	13	13	13	13	13	13	13	13	13	13
Feels	light breeze	light breeze	light breeze	light breeze	light breeze	light breeze	light breeze	light breeze	light breeze	light breeze	light breeze	light breeze	light breeze	light breeze	light breeze	light breeze	light breeze	light breeze	light breeze	light breeze	light breeze	light breeze	light breeze	light breeze	light breeze	light breeze	light breeze	light breeze	light breeze	light breeze	light breeze

	Wind speed (km/h)	Feels
1	13	light breeze
2	13	light breeze
3	13	light breeze
4	13	light breeze
5	13	light breeze
6	13	light breeze
7	13	light breeze
8	13	light breeze
9	13	light breeze
10	13	light breeze
11	13	light breeze
12	13	light breeze
13	13	light breeze
14	13	light breeze
15	13	light breeze
16	13	light breeze
17	13	light breeze
18	13	light breeze
19	13	light breeze
20	13	light breeze
21	13	light breeze
22	13	light breeze
23	13	light breeze
24	13	light breeze
25	13	light breeze
26	13	light breeze
27	13	light breeze
28	13	light breeze
29	13	light breeze
30	13	light breeze
31	13	light breeze

Sunrise & sunset in October

DaylightNight

Daylight runs from about 11 h 18 min at the start of October to 9 h 12 min by month's end. The lit band spans sunrise to sunset each day.

Days shrink by about 126 minutes over October. Sunrise moves from 6:05 AM to 7:03 AM, and sunset from 5:24 PM to 4:16 PM.

	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19	20	21	22	23	24	25	26	27	28	29	30	31
Daylight (h)	11.3	11.3	11.2	11.1	11.0	11.0	10.9	10.8	10.7	10.7	10.6	10.5	10.5	10.4	10.3	10.2	10.2	10.1	10.0	10.0	9.9	9.8	9.8	9.7	9.6	9.5	9.5	9.4	9.3	9.3	9.2
Sunrise (AM)	6:05	6:07	6:09	6:11	6:12	6:14	6:16	6:18	6:20	6:22	6:24	6:26	6:28	6:30	6:32	6:33	6:35	6:37	6:39	6:41	6:43	6:45	6:47	6:49	6:51	6:53	6:55	6:57	6:59	7:01	7:03
Sunset (PM)	5:24	5:22	5:19	5:17	5:14	5:12	5:09	5:07	5:05	5:02	5:00	4:57	4:55	4:53	4:50	4:48	4:46	4:43	4:41	4:39	4:37	4:34	4:32	4:30	4:28	4:26	4:24	4:22	4:20	4:18	4:16

	Daylight (h)	Sunrise (AM)	Sunset (PM)
1	11.3	6:05	5:24
2	11.3	6:07	5:22
3	11.2	6:09	5:19
4	11.1	6:11	5:17
5	11.0	6:12	5:14
6	11.0	6:14	5:12
7	10.9	6:16	5:09
8	10.8	6:18	5:07
9	10.7	6:20	5:05
10	10.7	6:22	5:02
11	10.6	6:24	5:00
12	10.5	6:26	4:57
13	10.5	6:28	4:55
14	10.4	6:30	4:53
15	10.3	6:32	4:50
16	10.2	6:33	4:48
17	10.2	6:35	4:46
18	10.1	6:37	4:43
19	10.0	6:39	4:41
20	10.0	6:41	4:39
21	9.9	6:43	4:37
22	9.8	6:45	4:34
23	9.8	6:47	4:32
24	9.7	6:49	4:30
25	9.6	6:51	4:28
26	9.5	6:53	4:26
27	9.5	6:55	4:24
28	9.4	6:57	4:22
29	9.3	6:59	4:20
30	9.3	7:01	4:18
31	9.2	7:03	4:16

Solar energy in October

Daily solar energy (kWh/m²)

Average shortwave solar energy reaching the ground each day in October, about 1.52 kWh/m².

For context, solar energy here swings from a low near 0.46 kWh/m² to a high of 5.83 kWh/m² in June across the year — October's 1.52 kWh/m² falls in the middle.

	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19	20	21	22	23	24	25	26	27	28	29	30	31
Solar energy (kWh/m²)	2.2	2.2	2.1	2.1	2.0	2.0	1.9	1.9	1.8	1.8	1.7	1.7	1.6	1.6	1.5	1.5	1.4	1.4	1.4	1.3	1.3	1.3	1.2	1.2	1.1	1.1	1.1	1.1	1.0	1.0	1.0
Level	Moderate	Moderate	Moderate	Moderate	Moderate	Dim	Dim	Dim	Dim	Dim	Dim	Dim	Dim	Dim	Dim	Dim	Dim	Dim	Dim	Dim	Dim	Dim	Dim	Dim	Dim	Dim	Dim	Dim	Dim	Dim	Dim

	Solar energy (kWh/m²)	Level
1	2.2	Moderate
2	2.2	Moderate
3	2.1	Moderate
4	2.1	Moderate
5	2.0	Moderate
6	2.0	Dim
7	1.9	Dim
8	1.9	Dim
9	1.8	Dim
10	1.8	Dim
11	1.7	Dim
12	1.7	Dim
13	1.6	Dim
14	1.6	Dim
15	1.5	Dim
16	1.5	Dim
17	1.4	Dim
18	1.4	Dim
19	1.4	Dim
20	1.3	Dim
21	1.3	Dim
22	1.3	Dim
23	1.2	Dim
24	1.2	Dim
25	1.1	Dim
26	1.1	Dim
27	1.1	Dim
28	1.1	Dim
29	1.0	Dim
30	1.0	Dim
31	1.0	Dim

Planning a trip in October

Is October a good time to visit Nikol’sk?

Our two travel scores rate October for general sightseeing and for beach or pool weather — 0 (poor) to 10 (ideal).

1.6

Sightseeing

7th-best month of the year

0.0

Beach & pool

7th-best month of the year

October is a weaker month for outdoor sightseeing in Nikol’sk.

What to pack for Nikol’sk in October

From October's temperature range, rain chance, sun and wind — what's worth putting in the bag.

In October, Nikol’sk sees daytime highs around 9°C and nights near 2°C. Pack a warm layer. Worth having: rain gear. About 10 days see rain.

a warm layerrain gear

UV index in Nikol’sk in October

LowModerateHighVery highExtreme

Clear-sky midday UV in October peaks around 2. The full-year curve, shaded by WHO exposure level, is below.

Under clear skies, the midday UV index in Nikol’sk peaks around June 21 at about 7 (high) — sunscreen and a hat are worth it in the middle of the day. It bottoms out near December 20 at about 1 (low).

The index reaches 3 or more — the level where the WHO recommends sun protection — in 6 months of the year.

	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec
UV index (midday)	1	1	3	4	4	7	6	5	4	2	1	1
Level	Low	Low	Moderate	Moderate	Moderate	High	High	Moderate	Moderate	Low	Low	Low

	UV index (midday)	Level
Jan	1	Low
Feb	1	Low
Mar	3	Moderate
Apr	4	Moderate
May	4	Moderate
Jun	7	High
Jul	6	High
Aug	5	Moderate
Sep	4	Moderate
Oct	2	Low
Nov	1	Low
Dec	1	Low

Location & terrain

Where is Nikol’sk?

Nikol’sk sits at 53.7°N, 46.1°E, 224 m above sea level, in Russia. The nearest listed city is Inza, 24 km away.

Topography around Nikol’sk

How much the land rises and falls, and what covers it, within 3, 16 and 80 km of Nikol’sk.

Within 3 km, the terrain around Nikol’sk has only modest variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 126 m around an average of 262 m above sea level; within 16 km, only modest variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 195 m; within 80 km, significant variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 271 m.

The land around Nikol’sk is covered by trees (57%), grassland (20%) and artificial surfaces (20%) within 3 km, trees (71%) and grassland (21%) within 16 km, and trees (56%), cropland (22%) and grassland (21%) within 80 km.

3 km

126 m

trees 57%

16 km

195 m

trees 71%

80 km

271 m

trees 56%

treesgrasslandcroplandartificial surfaces

← September Nikol’sk year-round climate November →Best places to visit in October

October weather nearby: Inza 24 km · Barysh 70 km · Kuznetsk 76 km · Saransk 78 km · Zarechnyy 82 km · Ruzayevka 83 km · Penza 91 km · Alatyr’ 129 km

Russia travel facts

Travel advisory: Level 4; Do Not Travel
Power plugs: Type C / F; 230 V · 50 Hz
Prices: ≈ 32% of US; price level, 2025
GDP per capita: $17,547; 2025
Happiness: 5.8 / 10; World Happiness, 2025
Safe drinking water: 76%; of population, 2024
Homicide rate: 6.8; per 100k, 2021
Road deaths: 12; per 100k/yr, 2019
Income group: High; World Bank
English: Moderate; EF EPI 521
Religion

Sources: World Bank, US State Department, World Happiness Report, WHO/UNICEF, EF EPI, CIA World Factbook.

Data sources

Temperature, precipitation, cloud, humidity, wind and solar figures are a 1991–2020 climatology for Nikol’sk (53.7189°, 46.0712°, elevation 224 m), computed from hourly ERA5 reanalysis — contains modified Copernicus Climate Change Service information. Sun figures are astronomical calculations, not observations. City data © GeoNames, CC BY 4.0. Map outlines from Natural Earth (public domain); interactive map © Google. UV index is derived from CAMS (Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service) clear-sky UV data — contains modified Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service information. Topography is sampled from the Copernicus DEM GLO-90 elevation model (© ESA/Airbus) and ESA WorldCover 2021 land cover (CC BY 4.0).

	Avg high (°C)	Avg low (°C)
1	13	4
2	13	4
3	12	4
4	12	4
5	12	4
6	12	4
7	11	4
8	11	3
9	11	3
10	11	3
11	10	3
12	10	3
13	10	3
14	9	2
15	9	2
16	9	2
17	8	2
18	8	2
19	8	1
20	7	1
21	7	1
22	7	1
23	6	0
24	6	0
25	6	0
26	5	0
27	5	0
28	5	-1
29	4	-1
30	4	-1
31	4	-1

	Clearer (%)	Cloudier (%)
1	29	71
2	29	71
3	29	71
4	27	73
5	27	73
6	27	73
7	27	73
8	26	74
9	26	74
10	25	75
11	25	75
12	24	76
13	24	76
14	23	77
15	23	77
16	22	78
17	20	80
18	20	80
19	20	80
20	20	80
21	20	80
22	19	81
23	19	81
24	18	82
25	18	82
26	17	83
27	17	83
28	16	84
29	14	86
30	14	86
31	14	86

	Rain chance (%)	Snow chance (%)
1	31	2
2	31	2
3	31	2
4	31	3
5	31	3
6	31	3
7	31	3
8	31	4
9	31	4
10	31	4
11	31	4
12	31	4
13	31	4
14	31	4
15	31	4
16	31	5
17	31	5
18	31	5
19	31	6
20	31	6
21	32	7
22	32	8
23	32	9
24	32	10
25	33	10
26	33	11
27	33	12
28	33	13
29	33	14
30	33	14
31	33	15

	Dry (%)	Comfortable (%)
1	99	1
2	99	1
3	99	1
4	100	0
5	100	0
6	100	0
7	100	0
8	100	0
9	100	0
10	100	0
11	100	0
12	100	0
13	100	0
14	100	0
15	100	0
16	100	0
17	100	0
18	100	0
19	100	0
20	100	0
21	100	0
22	100	0
23	100	0
24	100	0
25	100	0
26	100	0
27	100	0
28	100	0
29	100	0
30	100	0
31	100	0

	Avg high (°C)	Avg low (°C)
1	13	4
2	13	4
3	12	4
4	12	4
5	12	4
6	12	4
7	11	4
8	11	3
9	11	3
10	11	3
11	10	3
12	10	3
13	10	3
14	9	2
15	9	2
16	9	2
17	8	2
18	8	2
19	8	1
20	7	1
21	7	1
22	7	1
23	6	0
24	6	0
25	6	0
26	5	0
27	5	0
28	5	-1
29	4	-1
30	4	-1
31	4	-1

	Clearer (%)	Cloudier (%)
1	29	71
2	29	71
3	29	71
4	27	73
5	27	73
6	27	73
7	27	73
8	26	74
9	26	74
10	25	75
11	25	75
12	24	76
13	24	76
14	23	77
15	23	77
16	22	78
17	20	80
18	20	80
19	20	80
20	20	80
21	20	80
22	19	81
23	19	81
24	18	82
25	18	82
26	17	83
27	17	83
28	16	84
29	14	86
30	14	86
31	14	86

	Rain chance (%)	Snow chance (%)
1	31	2
2	31	2
3	31	2
4	31	3
5	31	3
6	31	3
7	31	3
8	31	4
9	31	4
10	31	4
11	31	4
12	31	4
13	31	4
14	31	4
15	31	4
16	31	5
17	31	5
18	31	5
19	31	6
20	31	6
21	32	7
22	32	8
23	32	9
24	32	10
25	33	10
26	33	11
27	33	12
28	33	13
29	33	14
30	33	14
31	33	15

	Dry (%)	Comfortable (%)
1	99	1
2	99	1
3	99	1
4	100	0
5	100	0
6	100	0
7	100	0
8	100	0
9	100	0
10	100	0
11	100	0
12	100	0
13	100	0
14	100	0
15	100	0
16	100	0
17	100	0
18	100	0
19	100	0
20	100	0
21	100	0
22	100	0
23	100	0
24	100	0
25	100	0
26	100	0
27	100	0
28	100	0
29	100	0
30	100	0
31	100	0

	Avg high (°C)	Avg low (°C)
1	13	4
2	13	4
3	12	4
4	12	4
5	12	4
6	12	4
7	11	4
8	11	3
9	11	3
10	11	3
11	10	3
12	10	3
13	10	3
14	9	2
15	9	2
16	9	2
17	8	2
18	8	2
19	8	1
20	7	1
21	7	1
22	7	1
23	6	0
24	6	0
25	6	0
26	5	0
27	5	0
28	5	-1
29	4	-1
30	4	-1
31	4	-1

	Clearer (%)	Cloudier (%)
1	29	71
2	29	71
3	29	71
4	27	73
5	27	73
6	27	73
7	27	73
8	26	74
9	26	74
10	25	75
11	25	75
12	24	76
13	24	76
14	23	77
15	23	77
16	22	78
17	20	80
18	20	80
19	20	80
20	20	80
21	20	80
22	19	81
23	19	81
24	18	82
25	18	82
26	17	83
27	17	83
28	16	84
29	14	86
30	14	86
31	14	86

	Rain chance (%)	Snow chance (%)
1	31	2
2	31	2
3	31	2
4	31	3
5	31	3
6	31	3
7	31	3
8	31	4
9	31	4
10	31	4
11	31	4
12	31	4
13	31	4
14	31	4
15	31	4
16	31	5
17	31	5
18	31	5
19	31	6
20	31	6
21	32	7
22	32	8
23	32	9
24	32	10
25	33	10
26	33	11
27	33	12
28	33	13
29	33	14
30	33	14
31	33	15

	Dry (%)	Comfortable (%)
1	99	1
2	99	1
3	99	1
4	100	0
5	100	0
6	100	0
7	100	0
8	100	0
9	100	0
10	100	0
11	100	0
12	100	0
13	100	0
14	100	0
15	100	0
16	100	0
17	100	0
18	100	0
19	100	0
20	100	0
21	100	0
22	100	0
23	100	0
24	100	0
25	100	0
26	100	0
27	100	0
28	100	0
29	100	0
30	100	0
31	100	0