Penza weather in January

In January, Penza sees average daytime highs of -6°C and overnight lows near -12°C, with 38 mm of precipitation across 9.4 wet days and about 7.9 hours of daylight. It is the 12th-warmest and 10th-wettest month of the year here.

Day-to-day highs hold fairly steady near -6°C through the month. The sky is clear or mostly clear about 5% of the time in January, and the air most often feels dry.

Daylight stretches from about 7 h 24 min at the start of January to 8 h 30 min by month's end. Set against the rest of the year, January is Penza's 12th-clearest and 2nd-windiest month. For the whole year in context, see Penza's year-round climate.

Daytime high
-6°
12th warmest
Overnight low
-12°
2nd coldest
Precipitation
38 mm
9.4 wet days
Daylight
7 h 48 min
8:15 AM – 4:04 PM
Cloud cover
90%
12th clearest
Wind
15 km/h
2nd windiest
Solar energy
0.73 kWh/m²
Travel score
0.0
out of 10

Penza is city in central Russia.

Density
1,803/km²
people per km²
Founded
1663

Air quality: WHO Ambient Air Quality Database. Density & description: Wikidata (CC0), GeoNames.

Temperature in January

Average highAverage lowShaded bands: 10–90% of days

Day-to-day highs hold fairly steady near -6°C through the month.

A typical January day in Penza reaches about -6°C in the afternoon and slips back to -12°C overnight — a 5°C spread between the day's warmth and the night's chill. On most days the high lands between -15°C and 1°C. Set against its neighbours, January runs about 2°C cooler than December and about 1°C cooler than February.

-20°-10°151015202531
Avg high (°C)Avg low (°C)
1-6-11
2-6-11
3-6-11
4-6-11
5-6-11
6-6-11
7-6-11
8-6-11
9-6-11
10-6-11
11-6-11
12-6-11
13-6-11
14-6-11
15-6-11
16-6-11
17-6-11
18-6-12
19-6-12
20-6-12
21-6-12
22-6-12
23-7-12
24-7-13
25-7-13
26-7-13
27-7-13
28-7-13
29-7-13
30-7-13
31-7-13

How January really feels in Penza

Once humidity and wind are folded in, January averages 0 days that feel above 32°C and 31 that feel at or below 0°C — the comfort signal a plain temperature reading hides.

Days feeling ≥ 32°C
0
heat index over the day's high
Days feeling ≤ C
31
31 feel bitter (≤ -10°C)

The story in January is cold — wind chill drags the overnight "feels like" below the raw low.

Penza weather by month

How January compares with the rest of the year at a glance. January is the 12th-warmest and 10th-wettest month here — the current month is highlighted below.

MonthHigh / Low (°C)Rainfall (mm)Wet daysSnow daysDaylight (hours)Travel score
Jan-6° / -12°389.411.17.90.0
Feb-5° / -12°327.68.59.40.0
Mar / -7°3798.111.50.0
Apr11° / 428.51.613.62.9
May19° / 499.30.215.66.2
Jun23° / 12°6310.4016.66.8
Jul25° / 15°6310.5016.26.8
Aug24° / 13°598.8014.57.1
Sep17° / 529.3012.45.4
Oct / 519.81.810.31.9
Nov / -4°408.768.40.0
Dec-5° / -10°4010.510.97.40.0

Cloud cover in January

ClearMostly clearPartly cloudyMostly cloudyOvercast

The sky is clear or mostly clear about 5% of the time in January, the cloudiest month of the year.

Beyond those clear spells, partly cloudy skies cover about 3% of January, with mostly cloudy or overcast conditions the remaining 91%.

0%25%50%75%100%151015202531
Clearer (%)Cloudier (%)
1793
2793
3793
4793
5793
6694
7694
8694
9694
10694
11694
12694
13793
14892
15892
16892
17991
18991
19991
20991
211090
221090
231090
241189
251288
261288
271288
281288
291288
301387
311387

Chance of precipitation in January

Any precipitationSnow

Penza gets around 38 mm of rain and snow over 9.4 wet days in January. The line is the day-by-day chance of measurable precipitation.

Day to day, the chance of measurable precipitation averages around 31% and peaks near 32% on the wettest days, and about 11 days bring snow.

0%10%20%30%40%50%151015202531
Rain chance (%)Snow chance (%)
13235
23235
33135
43134
53034
63034
72934
82934
92935
102935
112935
122935
133035
143035
153035
163035
173036
183036
193036
203136
213136
223136
233136
243236
253236
263236
273236
283236
293136
303136
313136

Humidity in January

DryComfortableHumidMuggyOppressiveMiserable

Most of January feels dry — the stacked bands show each day's mix of comfort levels, read off the dew point.

By dew point, January lands in the dry band about 100% of days. It rarely turns muggy — the humid and sticky bands barely register.

0%25%50%75%100%151015202531
Dry (%)
1100
2100
3100
4100
5100
6100
7100
8100
9100
10100
11100
12100
13100
14100
15100
16100
17100
18100
19100
20100
21100
22100
23100
24100
25100
26100
27100
28100
29100
30100
31100

Wind in January

Winds average 15 km/h in January.

Across January, daily wind ranges from about 14 km/h on the calmest days to 15 km/h at its breeziest. It stays fairly steady from day to day.

05101520151015202531
Wind speed (km/h)Feels
114light breeze
214light breeze
314light breeze
414light breeze
514light breeze
614light breeze
714light breeze
814light breeze
914light breeze
1014light breeze
1114light breeze
1214light breeze
1314light breeze
1415light breeze
1515light breeze
1615light breeze
1715light breeze
1815light breeze
1915light breeze
2015light breeze
2115light breeze
2215light breeze
2315light breeze
2415light breeze
2515light breeze
2615light breeze
2715light breeze
2815light breeze
2915light breeze
3015light breeze
3115light breeze

Sunrise & sunset in January

DaylightNight

Daylight runs from about 7 h 24 min at the start of January to 8 h 30 min by month's end. The lit band spans sunrise to sunset each day.

Days grow by about 66 minutes over January. Sunrise moves from 8:22 AM to 7:57 AM, and sunset from 3:44 PM to 4:30 PM.

12 AM4 AM8 AM12 PM4 PM8 PM12 AM151015202531
Daylight (h)Sunrise (AM)Sunset (PM)
17.48:223:44
27.48:223:45
37.48:223:46
47.48:223:47
57.58:213:48
67.58:213:50
77.58:213:51
87.58:203:52
97.68:203:53
107.68:193:55
117.68:193:56
127.78:183:58
137.78:173:59
147.78:174:01
157.88:164:02
167.88:154:04
177.98:144:05
187.98:134:07
197.98:124:08
208.08:114:10
218.08:104:12
228.18:094:13
238.18:084:15
248.28:064:17
258.28:054:19
268.38:044:21
278.38:034:22
288.48:014:24
298.48:004:26
308.57:584:28
318.57:574:30

Solar energy in January

Daily solar energy (kWh/m²)

Average shortwave solar energy reaching the ground each day in January, about 0.73 kWh/m².

For context, solar energy here swings from a low near 0.51 kWh/m² to a high of 5.83 kWh/m² in June across the year — January's 0.73 kWh/m² sits near the bottom.

00.511.52151015202531
Solar energy (kWh/m²)Level
10.5Dim
20.5Dim
30.6Dim
40.6Dim
50.6Dim
60.6Dim
70.6Dim
80.6Dim
90.6Dim
100.6Dim
110.6Dim
120.6Dim
130.7Dim
140.7Dim
150.7Dim
160.7Dim
170.7Dim
180.8Dim
190.8Dim
200.8Dim
210.8Dim
220.8Dim
230.9Dim
240.9Dim
250.9Dim
260.9Dim
271.0Dim
281.0Dim
291.0Dim
301.1Dim
311.1Dim
Planning a trip in January

Is January a good time to visit Penza?

Our two travel scores rate January for general sightseeing and for beach or pool weather — 0 (poor) to 10 (ideal).

0.0
Sightseeing
8th-best month of the year
0.0
Beach & pool
8th-best month of the year

January is a weaker month for outdoor sightseeing in Penza.

What to pack for Penza in January

From January's temperature range, rain chance, sun and wind — what's worth putting in the bag.

In January, Penza sees daytime highs around -6°C and nights near -12°C. Pack a warm layer and a heavy coat. Worth having: rain gear. About 9 days see rain.

a warm layera heavy coatrain gear

UV index in Penza in January

LowModerateHighVery highExtreme

Clear-sky midday UV in January peaks around 1. The full-year curve, shaded by WHO exposure level, is below.

Under clear skies, the midday UV index in Penza peaks around June 21 at about 7 (high) — sunscreen and a hat are worth it in the middle of the day. It bottoms out near December 20 at about 1 (low).

The index reaches 3 or more — the level where the WHO recommends sun protection — in 6 months of the year.

025710JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecLowModerateHighModerateLowJun 21UV 7Dec 20UV 1
UV index (midday)Level
Jan1Low
Feb1Low
Mar3Moderate
Apr4Moderate
May4Moderate
Jun7High
Jul7High
Aug5Moderate
Sep4Moderate
Oct2Low
Nov1Low
Dec1Low
Location & terrain

Where is Penza?

Penza sits at 53.2°N, 45.0°E, 156 m above sea level, in Russia. The nearest listed city is Zarechnyy, 12 km away.

Topography around Penza

How much the land rises and falls, and what covers it, within 3, 16 and 80 km of Penza.

Within 3 km, the terrain around Penza has only modest variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 149 m around an average of 169 m above sea level; within 16 km, only modest variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 161 m; within 80 km, only modest variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 227 m.

The land around Penza is covered by artificial surfaces (58%) and trees (36%) within 3 km, trees (47%) and grassland (24%) within 16 km, and cropland (44%), trees (34%) and grassland (21%) within 80 km.

3 km
149 m
16 km
161 m
80 km
227 m
treesgrasslandcroplandartificial surfaceswater
January weather nearby: Zarechnyy 12 km · Kamenka 64 km · Nikol’sk 91 km · Nizhniy Lomov 96 km · Ruzayevka 96 km · Serdobsk 98 km · Petrovsk 102 km · Kuznetsk 106 km

Russia travel facts

Travel advisory
Level 4
Do Not Travel
Power plugs
Type C / F
230 V · 50 Hz
Prices
≈ 32% of US
price level, 2025
GDP per capita
$17,547
2025
Happiness
5.8 / 10
World Happiness, 2025
Safe drinking water
76%
of population, 2024
Homicide rate
6.8
per 100k, 2021
Road deaths
12
per 100k/yr, 2019
Income group
High
World Bank
English
Moderate
EF EPI 521
Religion
other Christian 2%

Sources: World Bank, US State Department, World Happiness Report, WHO/UNICEF, EF EPI, CIA World Factbook.

Data sources

Temperature, precipitation, cloud, humidity, wind and solar figures are a 1991–2020 climatology for Penza (53.1957°, 45.0108°, elevation 156 m), computed from hourly ERA5 reanalysis — contains modified Copernicus Climate Change Service information. Sun figures are astronomical calculations, not observations. City data © GeoNames, CC BY 4.0. Map outlines from Natural Earth (public domain); interactive map © Google. UV index is derived from CAMS (Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service) clear-sky UV data — contains modified Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service information. Topography is sampled from the Copernicus DEM GLO-90 elevation model (© ESA/Airbus) and ESA WorldCover 2021 land cover (CC BY 4.0).