Polysayevo weather in February
In February, Polysayevo sees average daytime highs of -9°C and overnight lows near -18°C, with 17 mm of precipitation across 5.9 wet days and about 9.3 hours of daylight. It is the 10th-warmest and 12th-wettest month of the year here.
Highs climb over the month, from about -11°C in the first days to -6°C by the end. The sky is clear or mostly clear about 18% of the time in February, and the air most often feels dry.
Daylight stretches from about 8 h 24 min at the start of February to 10 h 18 min by month's end. Set against the rest of the year, February is Polysayevo's 9th-clearest and 8th-windiest month. For the whole year in context, see Polysayevo's year-round climate.
- Daytime high
- -9°
- 10th warmest
- Overnight low
- -18°
- 2nd coldest
- Precipitation
- 17 mm
- 5.9 wet days
- Daylight
- 9 h 18 min
- 8:50 AM – 6:09 PM
- Cloud cover
- 75%
- 9th clearest
- Wind
- 12 km/h
- 8th windiest
- Solar energy
- 1.77 kWh/m²
- Travel score
- 0.0
- out of 10
Polysayevo is town in Kemerovo Oblast, Russia.
- Density
- 569/km²
- people per km²
- Founded
- 1952
Air quality: WHO Ambient Air Quality Database. Density & description: Wikidata (CC0), GeoNames.
Temperature in February
Highs climb over the month, from about -11°C in the first days to -6°C by the end.
A typical February day in Polysayevo reaches about -9°C in the afternoon and slips back to -18°C overnight — a 9°C spread between the day's warmth and the night's chill. On most days the high lands between -18°C and -0°C. Set against its neighbours, February runs about 3°C warmer than January and about 8°C cooler than March.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Avg high (°C) | -11 | -11 | -11 | -11 | -11 | -10 | -10 | -10 | -10 | -9 | -9 | -9 | -9 | -9 | -8 | -8 | -8 | -8 | -8 | -7 | -7 | -7 | -7 | -6 | -6 | -6 | -6 | -5 |
| Avg low (°C) | -20 | -20 | -20 | -19 | -19 | -19 | -19 | -19 | -18 | -18 | -18 | -18 | -18 | -18 | -17 | -17 | -17 | -17 | -17 | -17 | -17 | -16 | -16 | -16 | -16 | -16 | -15 | -15 |
| Avg high (°C) | Avg low (°C) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | -11 | -20 |
| 2 | -11 | -20 |
| 3 | -11 | -20 |
| 4 | -11 | -19 |
| 5 | -11 | -19 |
| 6 | -10 | -19 |
| 7 | -10 | -19 |
| 8 | -10 | -19 |
| 9 | -10 | -18 |
| 10 | -9 | -18 |
| 11 | -9 | -18 |
| 12 | -9 | -18 |
| 13 | -9 | -18 |
| 14 | -9 | -18 |
| 15 | -8 | -17 |
| 16 | -8 | -17 |
| 17 | -8 | -17 |
| 18 | -8 | -17 |
| 19 | -8 | -17 |
| 20 | -7 | -17 |
| 21 | -7 | -17 |
| 22 | -7 | -16 |
| 23 | -7 | -16 |
| 24 | -6 | -16 |
| 25 | -6 | -16 |
| 26 | -6 | -16 |
| 27 | -6 | -15 |
| 28 | -5 | -15 |
How February really feels in Polysayevo
Once humidity and wind are folded in, February averages 0 days that feel above 32°C and 28 that feel at or below 0°C — the comfort signal a plain temperature reading hides.
The story in February is cold — wind chill drags the overnight "feels like" below the raw low.
Polysayevo weather by month
How February compares with the rest of the year at a glance. February is the 10th-warmest and 12th-wettest month here — the current month is highlighted below.
| Month | High / Low (°C) | Rainfall (mm) | Wet days | Snow days | Daylight (hours) | Travel score |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | -12° / -20° | 24 | 7.2 | 9.8 | 7.6 | 0.0 |
| Feb | -9° / -18° | 17 | 5.9 | 7.7 | 9.3 | 0.0 |
| Mar | -1° / -11° | 22 | 6.7 | 7.1 | 11.5 | 0.0 |
| Apr | 9° / -1° | 34 | 9 | 3.3 | 13.7 | 2.0 |
| May | 17° / 6° | 45 | 10.2 | 0.6 | 15.8 | 5.4 |
| Jun | 23° / 12° | 54 | 11.1 | 0 | 16.9 | 6.6 |
| Jul | 25° / 14° | 59 | 12.1 | 0 | 16.4 | 6.6 |
| Aug | 22° / 12° | 53 | 10.6 | 0 | 14.7 | 6.6 |
| Sep | 16° / 6° | 47 | 10 | 0.1 | 12.5 | 4.7 |
| Oct | 7° / -1° | 44 | 11.1 | 4.3 | 10.2 | 1.2 |
| Nov | -3° / -10° | 43 | 11.3 | 11.2 | 8.2 | 0.0 |
| Dec | -10° / -17° | 36 | 10.4 | 12.3 | 7.1 | 0.0 |
Cloud cover in February
The sky is clear or mostly clear about 18% of the time in February.
Beyond those clear spells, partly cloudy skies cover about 8% of February, with mostly cloudy or overcast conditions the remaining 74%.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clearer (%) | 31 | 30 | 30 | 30 | 29 | 29 | 27 | 27 | 26 | 24 | 24 | 23 | 24 | 23 | 23 | 23 | 23 | 23 | 23 | 25 | 25 | 26 | 26 | 27 | 27 | 28 | 28 | 29 |
| Cloudier (%) | 69 | 70 | 70 | 70 | 71 | 71 | 73 | 73 | 74 | 76 | 76 | 77 | 76 | 77 | 77 | 77 | 77 | 77 | 77 | 75 | 75 | 74 | 74 | 73 | 73 | 72 | 72 | 71 |
| Clearer (%) | Cloudier (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 31 | 69 |
| 2 | 30 | 70 |
| 3 | 30 | 70 |
| 4 | 30 | 70 |
| 5 | 29 | 71 |
| 6 | 29 | 71 |
| 7 | 27 | 73 |
| 8 | 27 | 73 |
| 9 | 26 | 74 |
| 10 | 24 | 76 |
| 11 | 24 | 76 |
| 12 | 23 | 77 |
| 13 | 24 | 76 |
| 14 | 23 | 77 |
| 15 | 23 | 77 |
| 16 | 23 | 77 |
| 17 | 23 | 77 |
| 18 | 23 | 77 |
| 19 | 23 | 77 |
| 20 | 25 | 75 |
| 21 | 25 | 75 |
| 22 | 26 | 74 |
| 23 | 26 | 74 |
| 24 | 27 | 73 |
| 25 | 27 | 73 |
| 26 | 28 | 72 |
| 27 | 28 | 72 |
| 28 | 29 | 71 |
Chance of precipitation in February
Polysayevo gets around 17 mm of rain and snow over 5.9 wet days in February, the driest month. The line is the day-by-day chance of measurable precipitation.
Day to day, the chance of measurable precipitation averages around 21% and peaks near 24% on the wettest days, and about 8 days bring snow.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rain chance (%) | 18 | 18 | 19 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 21 | 22 | 22 | 23 | 23 | 23 | 24 | 23 | 23 | 23 | 22 | 22 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 19 | 19 | 19 | 19 |
| Snow chance (%) | 24 | 24 | 25 | 25 | 26 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 29 | 30 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 30 | 30 | 29 | 28 | 28 | 27 | 27 | 27 | 26 | 26 | 25 | 25 |
| Rain chance (%) | Snow chance (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 18 | 24 |
| 2 | 18 | 24 |
| 3 | 19 | 25 |
| 4 | 19 | 25 |
| 5 | 20 | 26 |
| 6 | 21 | 26 |
| 7 | 21 | 27 |
| 8 | 22 | 28 |
| 9 | 22 | 29 |
| 10 | 23 | 29 |
| 11 | 23 | 30 |
| 12 | 23 | 31 |
| 13 | 24 | 31 |
| 14 | 23 | 31 |
| 15 | 23 | 31 |
| 16 | 23 | 31 |
| 17 | 22 | 30 |
| 18 | 22 | 30 |
| 19 | 21 | 29 |
| 20 | 21 | 28 |
| 21 | 21 | 28 |
| 22 | 20 | 27 |
| 23 | 20 | 27 |
| 24 | 20 | 27 |
| 25 | 19 | 26 |
| 26 | 19 | 26 |
| 27 | 19 | 25 |
| 28 | 19 | 25 |
Humidity in February
Most of February feels dry — the stacked bands show each day's mix of comfort levels, read off the dew point.
By dew point, February lands in the dry band about 100% of days. It rarely turns muggy — the humid and sticky bands barely register.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dry (%) | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
| Dry (%) | |
|---|---|
| 1 | 100 |
| 2 | 100 |
| 3 | 100 |
| 4 | 100 |
| 5 | 100 |
| 6 | 100 |
| 7 | 100 |
| 8 | 100 |
| 9 | 100 |
| 10 | 100 |
| 11 | 100 |
| 12 | 100 |
| 13 | 100 |
| 14 | 100 |
| 15 | 100 |
| 16 | 100 |
| 17 | 100 |
| 18 | 100 |
| 19 | 100 |
| 20 | 100 |
| 21 | 100 |
| 22 | 100 |
| 23 | 100 |
| 24 | 100 |
| 25 | 100 |
| 26 | 100 |
| 27 | 100 |
| 28 | 100 |
Wind in February
Winds average 12 km/h in February.
Across February, daily wind ranges from about 12 km/h on the calmest days to 13 km/h at its breeziest. It stays fairly steady from day to day.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wind speed (km/h) | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 |
| Feels | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze |
| Wind speed (km/h) | Feels | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 12 | calm |
| 2 | 12 | calm |
| 3 | 12 | calm |
| 4 | 12 | calm |
| 5 | 12 | calm |
| 6 | 12 | calm |
| 7 | 12 | calm |
| 8 | 12 | calm |
| 9 | 12 | light breeze |
| 10 | 12 | light breeze |
| 11 | 12 | light breeze |
| 12 | 12 | light breeze |
| 13 | 12 | light breeze |
| 14 | 12 | light breeze |
| 15 | 12 | light breeze |
| 16 | 13 | light breeze |
| 17 | 13 | light breeze |
| 18 | 13 | light breeze |
| 19 | 13 | light breeze |
| 20 | 13 | light breeze |
| 21 | 13 | light breeze |
| 22 | 13 | light breeze |
| 23 | 13 | light breeze |
| 24 | 13 | light breeze |
| 25 | 13 | light breeze |
| 26 | 13 | light breeze |
| 27 | 13 | light breeze |
| 28 | 13 | light breeze |
Sunrise & sunset in February
Daylight runs from about 8 h 24 min at the start of February to 10 h 18 min by month's end. The lit band spans sunrise to sunset each day.
Days grow by about 114 minutes over February. Sunrise moves from 9:16 AM to 8:21 AM, and sunset from 5:41 PM to 6:36 PM.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Daylight (h) | 8.4 | 8.5 | 8.5 | 8.6 | 8.7 | 8.7 | 8.8 | 8.9 | 8.9 | 9.0 | 9.1 | 9.1 | 9.2 | 9.3 | 9.3 | 9.4 | 9.5 | 9.5 | 9.6 | 9.7 | 9.7 | 9.8 | 9.9 | 10.0 | 10.0 | 10.1 | 10.2 | 10.3 |
| Sunrise (AM) | 9:16 | 9:14 | 9:13 | 9:11 | 9:09 | 9:07 | 9:06 | 9:04 | 9:02 | 9:00 | 8:58 | 8:56 | 8:54 | 8:52 | 8:50 | 8:48 | 8:45 | 8:43 | 8:41 | 8:39 | 8:37 | 8:34 | 8:32 | 8:30 | 8:28 | 8:25 | 8:23 | 8:21 |
| Sunset (PM) | 5:41 | 5:43 | 5:45 | 5:47 | 5:49 | 5:51 | 5:53 | 5:55 | 5:57 | 5:59 | 6:01 | 6:03 | 6:05 | 6:07 | 6:09 | 6:11 | 6:13 | 6:15 | 6:18 | 6:20 | 6:22 | 6:24 | 6:26 | 6:28 | 6:30 | 6:32 | 6:34 | 6:36 |
| Daylight (h) | Sunrise (AM) | Sunset (PM) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 8.4 | 9:16 | 5:41 |
| 2 | 8.5 | 9:14 | 5:43 |
| 3 | 8.5 | 9:13 | 5:45 |
| 4 | 8.6 | 9:11 | 5:47 |
| 5 | 8.7 | 9:09 | 5:49 |
| 6 | 8.7 | 9:07 | 5:51 |
| 7 | 8.8 | 9:06 | 5:53 |
| 8 | 8.9 | 9:04 | 5:55 |
| 9 | 8.9 | 9:02 | 5:57 |
| 10 | 9.0 | 9:00 | 5:59 |
| 11 | 9.1 | 8:58 | 6:01 |
| 12 | 9.1 | 8:56 | 6:03 |
| 13 | 9.2 | 8:54 | 6:05 |
| 14 | 9.3 | 8:52 | 6:07 |
| 15 | 9.3 | 8:50 | 6:09 |
| 16 | 9.4 | 8:48 | 6:11 |
| 17 | 9.5 | 8:45 | 6:13 |
| 18 | 9.5 | 8:43 | 6:15 |
| 19 | 9.6 | 8:41 | 6:18 |
| 20 | 9.7 | 8:39 | 6:20 |
| 21 | 9.7 | 8:37 | 6:22 |
| 22 | 9.8 | 8:34 | 6:24 |
| 23 | 9.9 | 8:32 | 6:26 |
| 24 | 10.0 | 8:30 | 6:28 |
| 25 | 10.0 | 8:28 | 6:30 |
| 26 | 10.1 | 8:25 | 6:32 |
| 27 | 10.2 | 8:23 | 6:34 |
| 28 | 10.3 | 8:21 | 6:36 |
Solar energy in February
Average shortwave solar energy reaching the ground each day in February, about 1.77 kWh/m².
For context, solar energy here swings from a low near 0.57 kWh/m² to a high of 6.14 kWh/m² in June across the year — February's 1.77 kWh/m² falls in the middle.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.6 | 1.6 | 1.6 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.9 | 1.9 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 2.4 | 2.4 |
| Level | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate |
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1.3 | Dim |
| 2 | 1.3 | Dim |
| 3 | 1.4 | Dim |
| 4 | 1.4 | Dim |
| 5 | 1.4 | Dim |
| 6 | 1.4 | Dim |
| 7 | 1.5 | Dim |
| 8 | 1.5 | Dim |
| 9 | 1.5 | Dim |
| 10 | 1.6 | Dim |
| 11 | 1.6 | Dim |
| 12 | 1.6 | Dim |
| 13 | 1.7 | Dim |
| 14 | 1.7 | Dim |
| 15 | 1.8 | Dim |
| 16 | 1.8 | Dim |
| 17 | 1.9 | Dim |
| 18 | 1.9 | Dim |
| 19 | 2.0 | Dim |
| 20 | 2.0 | Moderate |
| 21 | 2.1 | Moderate |
| 22 | 2.1 | Moderate |
| 23 | 2.2 | Moderate |
| 24 | 2.2 | Moderate |
| 25 | 2.3 | Moderate |
| 26 | 2.3 | Moderate |
| 27 | 2.4 | Moderate |
| 28 | 2.4 | Moderate |
Is February a good time to visit Polysayevo?
Our two travel scores rate February for general sightseeing and for beach or pool weather — 0 (poor) to 10 (ideal).
February is a weaker month for outdoor sightseeing in Polysayevo.
What to pack for Polysayevo in February
From February's temperature range, rain chance, sun and wind — what's worth putting in the bag.
In February, Polysayevo sees daytime highs around -9°C and nights near -18°C. Pack a warm layer and a heavy coat. About 6 days see rain.
UV index in Polysayevo in February
Clear-sky midday UV in February peaks around 1. The full-year curve, shaded by WHO exposure level, is below.
Under clear skies, the midday UV index in Polysayevo peaks around July 11 at about 6 (high) — a little sun protection helps at midday. It bottoms out near January 1 at about 0 (low).
The index reaches 3 or more — the level where the WHO recommends sun protection — in 6 months of the year.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UV index (midday) | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 5 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Level | Low | Low | Moderate | Moderate | High | High | High | High | Moderate | Low | Low | Low |
| UV index (midday) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 0 | Low |
| Feb | 1 | Low |
| Mar | 2 | Moderate |
| Apr | 3 | Moderate |
| May | 6 | High |
| Jun | 6 | High |
| Jul | 6 | High |
| Aug | 5 | High |
| Sep | 3 | Moderate |
| Oct | 2 | Low |
| Nov | 1 | Low |
| Dec | 0 | Low |
Air quality in Polysayevo in February
Average fine-particle pollution (PM2.5) through the year — so you can see where February falls, not just the annual average.
Air quality in Polysayevo is worst in April — around 18 µg/m³ PM2.5 (moderate), about 3.1× the cleanest month (December, 6 µg/m³).
Modeled monthly averages (CAMS reanalysis, 2015–2024).
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PM2.5 (µg/m³) | 8 | 11 | 11 | 18 | 11 | 10 | 15 | 10 | 8 | 8 | 7 | 6 |
| Level | Good | Good | Good | Moderate | Good | Good | Moderate | Good | Good | Good | Good | Good |
| PM2.5 (µg/m³) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 8 | Good |
| Feb | 11 | Good |
| Mar | 11 | Good |
| Apr | 18 | Moderate |
| May | 11 | Good |
| Jun | 10 | Good |
| Jul | 15 | Moderate |
| Aug | 10 | Good |
| Sep | 8 | Good |
| Oct | 8 | Good |
| Nov | 7 | Good |
| Dec | 6 | Good |
Where is Polysayevo?
Polysayevo sits at 54.6°N, 86.3°E, 267 m above sea level, in Russia. The nearest listed city is Leninsk-Kuznetsky, 9.0 km away.
Topography around Polysayevo
How much the land rises and falls, and what covers it, within 3, 16 and 80 km of Polysayevo.
Within 3 km, the terrain around Polysayevo has only modest variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 142 m around an average of 236 m above sea level; within 16 km, only modest variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 200 m; within 80 km, large variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 708 m.
The land around Polysayevo is covered by trees (36%) and grassland (27%) within 3 km, grassland (36%), cropland (36%) and trees (21%) within 16 km, and trees (48%), grassland (25%) and cropland (25%) within 80 km.
Russia travel facts
- Travel advisory
- Level 4
- Do Not Travel
- Power plugs
- Type C / F
- 230 V · 50 Hz
- Prices
- ≈ 32% of US
- price level, 2025
- GDP per capita
- $17,547
- 2025
- Happiness
- 5.8 / 10
- World Happiness, 2025
- Safe drinking water
- 76%
- of population, 2024
- Homicide rate
- 6.8
- per 100k, 2021
- Road deaths
- 12
- per 100k/yr, 2019
- Income group
- High
- World Bank
- English
- Moderate
- EF EPI 521
- Religion
Sources: World Bank, US State Department, World Happiness Report, WHO/UNICEF, EF EPI, CIA World Factbook.
Data sources
Temperature, precipitation, cloud, humidity, wind and solar figures are a 1991–2020 climatology for Polysayevo (54.6034°, 86.2758°, elevation 267 m), computed from hourly ERA5 reanalysis — contains modified Copernicus Climate Change Service information. Sun figures are astronomical calculations, not observations. City data © GeoNames, CC BY 4.0. Map outlines from Natural Earth (public domain); interactive map © Google. UV index is derived from CAMS (Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service) clear-sky UV data — contains modified Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service information. Monthly air-quality (PM2.5) seasonality is from the CAMS EAC4 reanalysis (Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service), scaled to the WHO annual mean where available. Topography is sampled from the Copernicus DEM GLO-90 elevation model (© ESA/Airbus) and ESA WorldCover 2021 land cover (CC BY 4.0).