Yelizovo weather in February
In February, Yelizovo sees average daytime highs of -8°C and overnight lows near -16°C, with 71 mm of precipitation across 8.7 wet days and about 9.4 hours of daylight. It is the 10th-warmest and 9th-wettest month of the year here.
Highs climb over the month, from about -9°C in the first days to -7°C by the end. The sky is clear or mostly clear about 27% of the time in February, and the air most often feels dry.
Daylight stretches from about 8 h 36 min at the start of February to 10 h 18 min by month's end. Set against the rest of the year, February is Yelizovo's 3rd-clearest and 6th-windiest month. For the whole year in context, see Yelizovo's year-round climate.
- Daytime high
- -8°
- 10th warmest
- Overnight low
- -16°
- 3rd coldest
- Precipitation
- 71 mm
- 8.7 wet days
- Daylight
- 9 h 30 min
- 8:57 AM – 6:25 PM
- Cloud cover
- 66%
- 3rd clearest
- Wind
- 8 km/h
- 6th windiest
- Solar energy
- 1.96 kWh/m²
- Travel score
- 0.0
- out of 10
Yelizovo is city in Russia.
- Density
- 581/km²
- people per km²
- Founded
- 1848
Air quality: WHO Ambient Air Quality Database. Density & description: Wikidata (CC0), GeoNames.
Temperature in February
Highs climb over the month, from about -9°C in the first days to -7°C by the end.
A typical February day in Yelizovo reaches about -8°C in the afternoon and slips back to -16°C overnight — a 8°C spread between the day's warmth and the night's chill. On most days the high lands between -14°C and -2°C. Set against its neighbours, February runs about 3°C warmer than January and about 4°C cooler than March.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Avg high (°C) | -9 | -9 | -9 | -9 | -9 | -9 | -9 | -9 | -8 | -8 | -8 | -8 | -8 | -8 | -8 | -8 | -8 | -8 | -8 | -8 | -8 | -7 | -7 | -7 | -7 | -7 | -7 | -6 |
| Avg low (°C) | -16 | -16 | -16 | -16 | -16 | -16 | -16 | -16 | -16 | -16 | -16 | -16 | -16 | -16 | -16 | -16 | -16 | -16 | -16 | -16 | -16 | -16 | -15 | -15 | -15 | -15 | -15 | -15 |
| Avg high (°C) | Avg low (°C) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | -9 | -16 |
| 2 | -9 | -16 |
| 3 | -9 | -16 |
| 4 | -9 | -16 |
| 5 | -9 | -16 |
| 6 | -9 | -16 |
| 7 | -9 | -16 |
| 8 | -9 | -16 |
| 9 | -8 | -16 |
| 10 | -8 | -16 |
| 11 | -8 | -16 |
| 12 | -8 | -16 |
| 13 | -8 | -16 |
| 14 | -8 | -16 |
| 15 | -8 | -16 |
| 16 | -8 | -16 |
| 17 | -8 | -16 |
| 18 | -8 | -16 |
| 19 | -8 | -16 |
| 20 | -8 | -16 |
| 21 | -8 | -16 |
| 22 | -7 | -16 |
| 23 | -7 | -15 |
| 24 | -7 | -15 |
| 25 | -7 | -15 |
| 26 | -7 | -15 |
| 27 | -7 | -15 |
| 28 | -6 | -15 |
How February really feels in Yelizovo
Once humidity and wind are folded in, February averages 0 days that feel above 32°C and 28 that feel at or below 0°C — the comfort signal a plain temperature reading hides.
The story in February is cold — wind chill drags the overnight "feels like" below the raw low.
Yelizovo weather by month
How February compares with the rest of the year at a glance. February is the 10th-warmest and 9th-wettest month here — the current month is highlighted below.
| Month | High / Low (°C) | Rainfall (mm) | Wet days | Snow days | Daylight (hours) | Travel score |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | -11° / -17° | 92 | 10.4 | 12.3 | 7.9 | 0.0 |
| Feb | -8° / -16° | 71 | 8.7 | 10.5 | 9.4 | 0.0 |
| Mar | -4° / -12° | 93 | 11.1 | 12.6 | 11.5 | 0.0 |
| Apr | 2° / -6° | 78 | 10.9 | 12.3 | 13.6 | 0.0 |
| May | 7° / -1° | 56 | 9.8 | 7.4 | 15.6 | 0.9 |
| Jun | 13° / 5° | 56 | 10.6 | 0.6 | 16.6 | 3.4 |
| Jul | 16° / 9° | 57 | 9.7 | 0 | 16.2 | 5.0 |
| Aug | 16° / 9° | 86 | 11.8 | 0 | 14.5 | 4.8 |
| Sep | 12° / 5° | 88 | 11.8 | 0.6 | 12.4 | 3.2 |
| Oct | 6° / -1° | 125 | 13.5 | 6.1 | 10.3 | 0.5 |
| Nov | -2° / -10° | 125 | 11.7 | 12 | 8.4 | 0.0 |
| Dec | -10° / -16° | 99 | 9.7 | 11 | 7.4 | 0.0 |
Cloud cover in February
The sky is clear or mostly clear about 27% of the time in February.
Beyond those clear spells, partly cloudy skies cover about 10% of February, with mostly cloudy or overcast conditions the remaining 64%.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clearer (%) | 37 | 37 | 37 | 36 | 36 | 35 | 35 | 36 | 36 | 36 | 35 | 35 | 36 | 36 | 36 | 37 | 36 | 36 | 37 | 37 | 36 | 36 | 37 | 37 | 36 | 36 | 36 | 35 |
| Cloudier (%) | 63 | 63 | 63 | 64 | 64 | 65 | 65 | 64 | 64 | 64 | 65 | 65 | 64 | 64 | 64 | 63 | 64 | 64 | 63 | 63 | 64 | 64 | 63 | 63 | 64 | 64 | 64 | 65 |
| Clearer (%) | Cloudier (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 37 | 63 |
| 2 | 37 | 63 |
| 3 | 37 | 63 |
| 4 | 36 | 64 |
| 5 | 36 | 64 |
| 6 | 35 | 65 |
| 7 | 35 | 65 |
| 8 | 36 | 64 |
| 9 | 36 | 64 |
| 10 | 36 | 64 |
| 11 | 35 | 65 |
| 12 | 35 | 65 |
| 13 | 36 | 64 |
| 14 | 36 | 64 |
| 15 | 36 | 64 |
| 16 | 37 | 63 |
| 17 | 36 | 64 |
| 18 | 36 | 64 |
| 19 | 37 | 63 |
| 20 | 37 | 63 |
| 21 | 36 | 64 |
| 22 | 36 | 64 |
| 23 | 37 | 63 |
| 24 | 37 | 63 |
| 25 | 36 | 64 |
| 26 | 36 | 64 |
| 27 | 36 | 64 |
| 28 | 35 | 65 |
Chance of precipitation in February
Yelizovo gets around 71 mm of rain and snow over 8.7 wet days in February. The line is the day-by-day chance of measurable precipitation.
Day to day, the chance of measurable precipitation averages around 31% and peaks near 35% on the wettest days, and about 11 days bring snow.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rain chance (%) | 35 | 35 | 35 | 35 | 35 | 34 | 34 | 33 | 33 | 32 | 31 | 30 | 29 | 29 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 29 | 29 | 30 | 30 | 31 | 32 |
| Snow chance (%) | 40 | 40 | 40 | 40 | 40 | 40 | 40 | 40 | 39 | 39 | 38 | 37 | 37 | 36 | 35 | 35 | 35 | 34 | 34 | 34 | 35 | 35 | 35 | 35 | 36 | 36 | 37 | 37 |
| Rain chance (%) | Snow chance (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 35 | 40 |
| 2 | 35 | 40 |
| 3 | 35 | 40 |
| 4 | 35 | 40 |
| 5 | 35 | 40 |
| 6 | 34 | 40 |
| 7 | 34 | 40 |
| 8 | 33 | 40 |
| 9 | 33 | 39 |
| 10 | 32 | 39 |
| 11 | 31 | 38 |
| 12 | 30 | 37 |
| 13 | 29 | 37 |
| 14 | 29 | 36 |
| 15 | 28 | 35 |
| 16 | 28 | 35 |
| 17 | 28 | 35 |
| 18 | 28 | 34 |
| 19 | 28 | 34 |
| 20 | 28 | 34 |
| 21 | 28 | 35 |
| 22 | 28 | 35 |
| 23 | 29 | 35 |
| 24 | 29 | 35 |
| 25 | 30 | 36 |
| 26 | 30 | 36 |
| 27 | 31 | 37 |
| 28 | 32 | 37 |
Humidity in February
Most of February feels dry — the stacked bands show each day's mix of comfort levels, read off the dew point.
By dew point, February lands in the dry band about 100% of days. It rarely turns muggy — the humid and sticky bands barely register.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dry (%) | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
| Dry (%) | |
|---|---|
| 1 | 100 |
| 2 | 100 |
| 3 | 100 |
| 4 | 100 |
| 5 | 100 |
| 6 | 100 |
| 7 | 100 |
| 8 | 100 |
| 9 | 100 |
| 10 | 100 |
| 11 | 100 |
| 12 | 100 |
| 13 | 100 |
| 14 | 100 |
| 15 | 100 |
| 16 | 100 |
| 17 | 100 |
| 18 | 100 |
| 19 | 100 |
| 20 | 100 |
| 21 | 100 |
| 22 | 100 |
| 23 | 100 |
| 24 | 100 |
| 25 | 100 |
| 26 | 100 |
| 27 | 100 |
| 28 | 100 |
Wind in February
Winds average 8 km/h in February.
Across February, daily wind ranges from about 8 km/h on the calmest days to 8 km/h at its breeziest. It stays fairly steady from day to day.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wind speed (km/h) | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 |
| Feels | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm |
| Wind speed (km/h) | Feels | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 8 | calm |
| 2 | 8 | calm |
| 3 | 8 | calm |
| 4 | 8 | calm |
| 5 | 8 | calm |
| 6 | 8 | calm |
| 7 | 8 | calm |
| 8 | 8 | calm |
| 9 | 8 | calm |
| 10 | 8 | calm |
| 11 | 8 | calm |
| 12 | 8 | calm |
| 13 | 8 | calm |
| 14 | 8 | calm |
| 15 | 8 | calm |
| 16 | 8 | calm |
| 17 | 8 | calm |
| 18 | 8 | calm |
| 19 | 8 | calm |
| 20 | 8 | calm |
| 21 | 8 | calm |
| 22 | 8 | calm |
| 23 | 8 | calm |
| 24 | 8 | calm |
| 25 | 8 | calm |
| 26 | 8 | calm |
| 27 | 8 | calm |
| 28 | 8 | calm |
Sunrise & sunset in February
Daylight runs from about 8 h 36 min at the start of February to 10 h 18 min by month's end. The lit band spans sunrise to sunset each day.
Days grow by about 102 minutes over February. Sunrise moves from 9:22 AM to 8:29 AM, and sunset from 5:58 PM to 6:50 PM.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Daylight (h) | 8.6 | 8.7 | 8.7 | 8.8 | 8.8 | 8.9 | 9.0 | 9.0 | 9.1 | 9.1 | 9.2 | 9.3 | 9.3 | 9.4 | 9.5 | 9.5 | 9.6 | 9.7 | 9.7 | 9.8 | 9.9 | 9.9 | 10.0 | 10.1 | 10.1 | 10.2 | 10.3 | 10.3 |
| Sunrise (AM) | 9:22 | 9:20 | 9:19 | 9:17 | 9:15 | 9:14 | 9:12 | 9:10 | 9:08 | 9:07 | 9:05 | 9:03 | 9:01 | 8:59 | 8:57 | 8:55 | 8:53 | 8:51 | 8:49 | 8:47 | 8:45 | 8:43 | 8:41 | 8:38 | 8:36 | 8:34 | 8:32 | 8:29 |
| Sunset (PM) | 5:58 | 6:00 | 6:02 | 6:04 | 6:06 | 6:08 | 6:10 | 6:11 | 6:13 | 6:15 | 6:17 | 6:19 | 6:21 | 6:23 | 6:25 | 6:27 | 6:29 | 6:31 | 6:33 | 6:35 | 6:37 | 6:39 | 6:41 | 6:43 | 6:44 | 6:46 | 6:48 | 6:50 |
| Daylight (h) | Sunrise (AM) | Sunset (PM) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 8.6 | 9:22 | 5:58 |
| 2 | 8.7 | 9:20 | 6:00 |
| 3 | 8.7 | 9:19 | 6:02 |
| 4 | 8.8 | 9:17 | 6:04 |
| 5 | 8.8 | 9:15 | 6:06 |
| 6 | 8.9 | 9:14 | 6:08 |
| 7 | 9.0 | 9:12 | 6:10 |
| 8 | 9.0 | 9:10 | 6:11 |
| 9 | 9.1 | 9:08 | 6:13 |
| 10 | 9.1 | 9:07 | 6:15 |
| 11 | 9.2 | 9:05 | 6:17 |
| 12 | 9.3 | 9:03 | 6:19 |
| 13 | 9.3 | 9:01 | 6:21 |
| 14 | 9.4 | 8:59 | 6:23 |
| 15 | 9.5 | 8:57 | 6:25 |
| 16 | 9.5 | 8:55 | 6:27 |
| 17 | 9.6 | 8:53 | 6:29 |
| 18 | 9.7 | 8:51 | 6:31 |
| 19 | 9.7 | 8:49 | 6:33 |
| 20 | 9.8 | 8:47 | 6:35 |
| 21 | 9.9 | 8:45 | 6:37 |
| 22 | 9.9 | 8:43 | 6:39 |
| 23 | 10.0 | 8:41 | 6:41 |
| 24 | 10.1 | 8:38 | 6:43 |
| 25 | 10.1 | 8:36 | 6:44 |
| 26 | 10.2 | 8:34 | 6:46 |
| 27 | 10.3 | 8:32 | 6:48 |
| 28 | 10.3 | 8:29 | 6:50 |
Solar energy in February
Average shortwave solar energy reaching the ground each day in February, about 1.96 kWh/m².
For context, solar energy here swings from a low near 0.77 kWh/m² to a high of 5.72 kWh/m² in May across the year — February's 1.96 kWh/m² falls in the middle.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.6 | 1.6 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.9 | 1.9 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.6 | 2.6 |
| Level | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate |
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1.4 | Dim |
| 2 | 1.4 | Dim |
| 3 | 1.5 | Dim |
| 4 | 1.5 | Dim |
| 5 | 1.5 | Dim |
| 6 | 1.6 | Dim |
| 7 | 1.6 | Dim |
| 8 | 1.7 | Dim |
| 9 | 1.7 | Dim |
| 10 | 1.8 | Dim |
| 11 | 1.8 | Dim |
| 12 | 1.8 | Dim |
| 13 | 1.9 | Dim |
| 14 | 1.9 | Dim |
| 15 | 2.0 | Dim |
| 16 | 2.0 | Moderate |
| 17 | 2.1 | Moderate |
| 18 | 2.1 | Moderate |
| 19 | 2.2 | Moderate |
| 20 | 2.2 | Moderate |
| 21 | 2.3 | Moderate |
| 22 | 2.3 | Moderate |
| 23 | 2.4 | Moderate |
| 24 | 2.4 | Moderate |
| 25 | 2.5 | Moderate |
| 26 | 2.5 | Moderate |
| 27 | 2.6 | Moderate |
| 28 | 2.6 | Moderate |
Is February a good time to visit Yelizovo?
Our two travel scores rate February for general sightseeing and for beach or pool weather — 0 (poor) to 10 (ideal).
February is a weaker month for outdoor sightseeing in Yelizovo.
What to pack for Yelizovo in February
From February's temperature range, rain chance, sun and wind — what's worth putting in the bag.
In February, Yelizovo sees daytime highs around -8°C and nights near -16°C. Pack a warm layer and a heavy coat. Worth having: rain gear. About 9 days see rain.
Sea temperature near Yelizovo in February
The nearest coast averages about 0°C in February — the other half of the beach question. The full-year curve and swim-comfort zones are below.
The sea at the nearest coast (about 39 km away) is warmest in August at about 12°C and coldest in March near 0°C.
The water stays below 20°C all year — cool enough that most swimmers want a wetsuit.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sea temperature (°C) | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 7 | 11 | 12 | 11 | 8 | 5 | 3 |
| Comfort | Bracing | Bracing | Bracing | Bracing | Bracing | Bracing | Bracing | Bracing | Bracing | Bracing | Bracing | Bracing |
| Sea temperature (°C) | Comfort | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 1 | Bracing |
| Feb | 0 | Bracing |
| Mar | 0 | Bracing |
| Apr | 1 | Bracing |
| May | 3 | Bracing |
| Jun | 7 | Bracing |
| Jul | 11 | Bracing |
| Aug | 12 | Bracing |
| Sep | 11 | Bracing |
| Oct | 8 | Bracing |
| Nov | 5 | Bracing |
| Dec | 3 | Bracing |
UV index in Yelizovo in February
Clear-sky midday UV in February peaks around 1. The full-year curve, shaded by WHO exposure level, is below.
Under clear skies, the midday UV index in Yelizovo peaks around May 22 at about 5 (high) — a little sun protection helps at midday. It bottoms out near December 20 at about 0 (low).
The index reaches 3 or more — the level where the WHO recommends sun protection — in 6 months of the year.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UV index (midday) | 1 | 1 | 2 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Level | Low | Low | Moderate | Moderate | High | High | High | High | Moderate | Low | Low | Low |
| UV index (midday) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 1 | Low |
| Feb | 1 | Low |
| Mar | 2 | Moderate |
| Apr | 4 | Moderate |
| May | 5 | High |
| Jun | 5 | High |
| Jul | 5 | High |
| Aug | 5 | High |
| Sep | 3 | Moderate |
| Oct | 2 | Low |
| Nov | 1 | Low |
| Dec | 0 | Low |
Where is Yelizovo?
Yelizovo sits at 53.2°N, 158.4°E, 20 m above sea level, in Russia. The nearest listed city is Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, 21 km away.
Topography around Yelizovo
How much the land rises and falls, and what covers it, within 3, 16 and 80 km of Yelizovo.
Within 3 km, the terrain around Yelizovo has significant variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 364 m around an average of 62 m above sea level; within 16 km, very significant variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 1,212 m; within 80 km, extreme variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 3,421 m.
The land around Yelizovo is covered by trees (61%) within 3 km, trees (58%) and grassland (36%) within 16 km, and trees (56%) within 80 km.
Russia travel facts
- Travel advisory
- Level 4
- Do Not Travel
- Power plugs
- Type C / F
- 230 V · 50 Hz
- Prices
- ≈ 32% of US
- price level, 2025
- GDP per capita
- $17,547
- 2025
- Happiness
- 5.8 / 10
- World Happiness, 2025
- Safe drinking water
- 76%
- of population, 2024
- Homicide rate
- 6.8
- per 100k, 2021
- Road deaths
- 12
- per 100k/yr, 2019
- Income group
- High
- World Bank
- English
- Moderate
- EF EPI 521
- Religion
Sources: World Bank, US State Department, World Happiness Report, WHO/UNICEF, EF EPI, CIA World Factbook.
Data sources
Temperature, precipitation, cloud, humidity, wind and solar figures are a 1991–2020 climatology for Yelizovo (53.1894°, 158.3828°, elevation 20 m), computed from hourly ERA5 reanalysis — contains modified Copernicus Climate Change Service information. Sun figures are astronomical calculations, not observations. City data © GeoNames, CC BY 4.0. Map outlines from Natural Earth (public domain); interactive map © Google. Sea temperatures are the NOAA OISST v2.1 1991–2020 monthly climatology (public domain), sampled at the nearest ocean point. UV index is derived from CAMS (Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service) clear-sky UV data — contains modified Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service information. Topography is sampled from the Copernicus DEM GLO-90 elevation model (© ESA/Airbus) and ESA WorldCover 2021 land cover (CC BY 4.0).