Borama weather in February
In February, Borama sees average daytime highs of 26°C and overnight lows near 14°C, with 6 mm of rain across 1.4 wet days and about 11.7 hours of daylight. It is the 9th-warmest and 10th-wettest month of the year here.
Highs climb over the month, from about 25°C in the first days to 27°C by the end. The sky is clear or mostly clear about 60% of the time in February, and the air most often feels dry.
Daylight stretches from about 11 h 36 min at the start of February to 11 h 48 min by month's end. Set against the rest of the year, February is Borama's 4th-clearest and 7th-windiest month. For the whole year in context, see Borama's year-round climate.
- Daytime high
- 26°
- 9th warmest
- Overnight low
- 14°
- 4th coldest
- Rainfall
- 6 mm
- 1.4 wet days
- Daylight
- 11 h 42 min
- 6:32 AM – 6:12 PM
- Cloud cover
- 34%
- 4th clearest
- Wind
- 10 km/h
- 7th windiest
- Solar energy
- 6.41 kWh/m²
- Travel score
- 8.3
- out of 10
Borama is city in Somalia.
- Density
- 42,703/km²
- people per km²
Air quality: WHO Ambient Air Quality Database. Density & description: Wikidata (CC0), GeoNames.
Temperature in February
Highs climb over the month, from about 25°C in the first days to 27°C by the end.
A typical February day in Borama reaches about 26°C in the afternoon and slips back to 14°C overnight — a 12°C spread between the day's warmth and the night's chill. On most days the high lands between 23°C and 29°C. Set against its neighbours, February runs about 2°C warmer than January and about 2°C cooler than March.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Avg high (°C) | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 26 | 26 | 26 | 26 | 26 | 26 | 26 | 26 | 26 | 26 | 26 | 27 | 27 | 27 | 27 | 27 | 27 | 27 | 27 | 27 | 27 | 28 | 28 |
| Avg low (°C) | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 |
| Avg high (°C) | Avg low (°C) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 25 | 14 |
| 2 | 25 | 14 |
| 3 | 25 | 14 |
| 4 | 25 | 14 |
| 5 | 25 | 14 |
| 6 | 26 | 14 |
| 7 | 26 | 14 |
| 8 | 26 | 14 |
| 9 | 26 | 14 |
| 10 | 26 | 14 |
| 11 | 26 | 14 |
| 12 | 26 | 14 |
| 13 | 26 | 14 |
| 14 | 26 | 14 |
| 15 | 26 | 14 |
| 16 | 26 | 14 |
| 17 | 27 | 14 |
| 18 | 27 | 15 |
| 19 | 27 | 15 |
| 20 | 27 | 15 |
| 21 | 27 | 15 |
| 22 | 27 | 15 |
| 23 | 27 | 15 |
| 24 | 27 | 15 |
| 25 | 27 | 15 |
| 26 | 27 | 15 |
| 27 | 28 | 15 |
| 28 | 28 | 15 |
Borama weather by month
How February compares with the rest of the year at a glance. February is the 9th-warmest and 10th-wettest month here — the current month is highlighted below.
| Month | High / Low (°C) | Rainfall (mm) | Wet days | Daylight (hours) | Travel score |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 24° / 13° | 9 | 1.8 | 11.5 | 8.8 |
| Feb | 26° / 14° | 6 | 1.4 | 11.7 | 8.3 |
| Mar | 29° / 17° | 30 | 5.4 | 11.9 | 6.7 |
| Apr | 29° / 18° | 62 | 10.4 | 12.2 | 5.6 |
| May | 30° / 19° | 31 | 6.1 | 12.4 | 5.4 |
| Jun | 32° / 20° | 6 | 1.6 | 12.6 | 5.1 |
| Jul | 31° / 19° | 28 | 8.3 | 12.5 | 5.1 |
| Aug | 30° / 19° | 40 | 11.1 | 12.3 | 5.1 |
| Sep | 30° / 19° | 13 | 3.7 | 12.1 | 6.0 |
| Oct | 28° / 16° | 22 | 4.3 | 11.8 | 7.3 |
| Nov | 26° / 14° | 16 | 2.4 | 11.5 | 8.5 |
| Dec | 24° / 13° | 5 | 1.3 | 11.4 | 9.0 |
Cloud cover in February
The sky is clear or mostly clear about 60% of the time in February.
Beyond those clear spells, partly cloudy skies cover about 16% of February, with mostly cloudy or overcast conditions the remaining 23%.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clearer (%) | 77 | 77 | 77 | 77 | 76 | 76 | 76 | 75 | 75 | 75 | 74 | 73 | 74 | 74 | 74 | 75 | 75 | 76 | 77 | 77 | 78 | 78 | 80 | 80 | 80 | 80 | 80 | 80 |
| Cloudier (%) | 23 | 23 | 23 | 23 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 26 | 26 | 26 | 25 | 25 | 24 | 23 | 23 | 22 | 22 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 |
| Clearer (%) | Cloudier (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 77 | 23 |
| 2 | 77 | 23 |
| 3 | 77 | 23 |
| 4 | 77 | 23 |
| 5 | 76 | 24 |
| 6 | 76 | 24 |
| 7 | 76 | 24 |
| 8 | 75 | 25 |
| 9 | 75 | 25 |
| 10 | 75 | 25 |
| 11 | 74 | 26 |
| 12 | 73 | 27 |
| 13 | 74 | 26 |
| 14 | 74 | 26 |
| 15 | 74 | 26 |
| 16 | 75 | 25 |
| 17 | 75 | 25 |
| 18 | 76 | 24 |
| 19 | 77 | 23 |
| 20 | 77 | 23 |
| 21 | 78 | 22 |
| 22 | 78 | 22 |
| 23 | 80 | 20 |
| 24 | 80 | 20 |
| 25 | 80 | 20 |
| 26 | 80 | 20 |
| 27 | 80 | 20 |
| 28 | 80 | 20 |
Chance of precipitation in February
Borama gets around 6 mm of rain over 1.4 wet days in February. The line is the day-by-day chance of measurable precipitation.
Day to day, the chance of measurable rain averages around 6% and peaks near 7% on the wettest days.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rain chance (%) | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 6 | 6 | 7 | 7 |
| Rain chance (%) | |
|---|---|
| 1 | 6 |
| 2 | 6 |
| 3 | 6 |
| 4 | 6 |
| 5 | 6 |
| 6 | 6 |
| 7 | 6 |
| 8 | 6 |
| 9 | 6 |
| 10 | 6 |
| 11 | 6 |
| 12 | 6 |
| 13 | 6 |
| 14 | 6 |
| 15 | 6 |
| 16 | 6 |
| 17 | 6 |
| 18 | 5 |
| 19 | 5 |
| 20 | 5 |
| 21 | 5 |
| 22 | 5 |
| 23 | 5 |
| 24 | 5 |
| 25 | 6 |
| 26 | 6 |
| 27 | 7 |
| 28 | 7 |
Humidity in February
Most of February feels dry — the stacked bands show each day's mix of comfort levels, read off the dew point.
By dew point, February lands in the dry band about 54% of days. It rarely turns muggy — the humid and sticky bands barely register.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dry (%) | 59 | 59 | 60 | 61 | 60 | 61 | 60 | 60 | 59 | 59 | 58 | 57 | 56 | 56 | 55 | 53 | 52 | 51 | 50 | 50 | 49 | 49 | 48 | 48 | 47 | 47 | 46 | 46 |
| Comfortable (%) | 33 | 33 | 32 | 31 | 31 | 30 | 30 | 30 | 30 | 30 | 30 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 32 | 33 | 34 | 35 | 36 | 37 | 37 | 38 | 38 | 38 | 38 | 38 | 38 | 38 |
| Humid (%) | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 9 | 9 | 10 | 10 | 11 | 11 | 12 | 12 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 15 | 15 | 16 |
| Dry (%) | Comfortable (%) | Humid (%) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 59 | 33 | 8 |
| 2 | 59 | 33 | 8 |
| 3 | 60 | 32 | 8 |
| 4 | 61 | 31 | 8 |
| 5 | 60 | 31 | 9 |
| 6 | 61 | 30 | 9 |
| 7 | 60 | 30 | 10 |
| 8 | 60 | 30 | 10 |
| 9 | 59 | 30 | 11 |
| 10 | 59 | 30 | 11 |
| 11 | 58 | 30 | 12 |
| 12 | 57 | 31 | 12 |
| 13 | 56 | 31 | 13 |
| 14 | 56 | 31 | 13 |
| 15 | 55 | 32 | 13 |
| 16 | 53 | 33 | 14 |
| 17 | 52 | 34 | 14 |
| 18 | 51 | 35 | 14 |
| 19 | 50 | 36 | 14 |
| 20 | 50 | 37 | 14 |
| 21 | 49 | 37 | 14 |
| 22 | 49 | 38 | 14 |
| 23 | 48 | 38 | 14 |
| 24 | 48 | 38 | 14 |
| 25 | 47 | 38 | 14 |
| 26 | 47 | 38 | 15 |
| 27 | 46 | 38 | 15 |
| 28 | 46 | 38 | 16 |
Wind in February
Winds average 10 km/h in February.
Across February, daily wind ranges from about 10 km/h on the calmest days to 10 km/h at its breeziest. It stays fairly steady from day to day.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wind speed (km/h) | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 |
| Feels | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm |
| Wind speed (km/h) | Feels | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 10 | calm |
| 2 | 10 | calm |
| 3 | 10 | calm |
| 4 | 10 | calm |
| 5 | 10 | calm |
| 6 | 10 | calm |
| 7 | 10 | calm |
| 8 | 10 | calm |
| 9 | 10 | calm |
| 10 | 10 | calm |
| 11 | 10 | calm |
| 12 | 10 | calm |
| 13 | 10 | calm |
| 14 | 10 | calm |
| 15 | 10 | calm |
| 16 | 10 | calm |
| 17 | 10 | calm |
| 18 | 10 | calm |
| 19 | 10 | calm |
| 20 | 10 | calm |
| 21 | 10 | calm |
| 22 | 10 | calm |
| 23 | 10 | calm |
| 24 | 10 | calm |
| 25 | 10 | calm |
| 26 | 10 | calm |
| 27 | 10 | calm |
| 28 | 10 | calm |
Sunrise & sunset in February
Daylight runs from about 11 h 36 min at the start of February to 11 h 48 min by month's end. The lit band spans sunrise to sunset each day.
Days grow by about 12 minutes over February. Sunrise moves from 6:34 AM to 6:27 AM, and sunset from 6:08 PM to 6:14 PM.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Daylight (h) | 11.6 | 11.6 | 11.6 | 11.6 | 11.6 | 11.6 | 11.6 | 11.6 | 11.6 | 11.6 | 11.6 | 11.6 | 11.7 | 11.7 | 11.7 | 11.7 | 11.7 | 11.7 | 11.7 | 11.7 | 11.7 | 11.7 | 11.7 | 11.7 | 11.8 | 11.8 | 11.8 | 11.8 |
| Sunrise (AM) | 6:34 | 6:34 | 6:34 | 6:34 | 6:33 | 6:33 | 6:33 | 6:33 | 6:33 | 6:33 | 6:33 | 6:32 | 6:32 | 6:32 | 6:32 | 6:31 | 6:31 | 6:31 | 6:31 | 6:30 | 6:30 | 6:29 | 6:29 | 6:29 | 6:28 | 6:28 | 6:28 | 6:27 |
| Sunset (PM) | 6:08 | 6:08 | 6:09 | 6:09 | 6:09 | 6:10 | 6:10 | 6:10 | 6:11 | 6:11 | 6:11 | 6:11 | 6:12 | 6:12 | 6:12 | 6:12 | 6:13 | 6:13 | 6:13 | 6:13 | 6:13 | 6:13 | 6:14 | 6:14 | 6:14 | 6:14 | 6:14 | 6:14 |
| Daylight (h) | Sunrise (AM) | Sunset (PM) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 11.6 | 6:34 | 6:08 |
| 2 | 11.6 | 6:34 | 6:08 |
| 3 | 11.6 | 6:34 | 6:09 |
| 4 | 11.6 | 6:34 | 6:09 |
| 5 | 11.6 | 6:33 | 6:09 |
| 6 | 11.6 | 6:33 | 6:10 |
| 7 | 11.6 | 6:33 | 6:10 |
| 8 | 11.6 | 6:33 | 6:10 |
| 9 | 11.6 | 6:33 | 6:11 |
| 10 | 11.6 | 6:33 | 6:11 |
| 11 | 11.6 | 6:33 | 6:11 |
| 12 | 11.6 | 6:32 | 6:11 |
| 13 | 11.7 | 6:32 | 6:12 |
| 14 | 11.7 | 6:32 | 6:12 |
| 15 | 11.7 | 6:32 | 6:12 |
| 16 | 11.7 | 6:31 | 6:12 |
| 17 | 11.7 | 6:31 | 6:13 |
| 18 | 11.7 | 6:31 | 6:13 |
| 19 | 11.7 | 6:31 | 6:13 |
| 20 | 11.7 | 6:30 | 6:13 |
| 21 | 11.7 | 6:30 | 6:13 |
| 22 | 11.7 | 6:29 | 6:13 |
| 23 | 11.7 | 6:29 | 6:14 |
| 24 | 11.7 | 6:29 | 6:14 |
| 25 | 11.8 | 6:28 | 6:14 |
| 26 | 11.8 | 6:28 | 6:14 |
| 27 | 11.8 | 6:28 | 6:14 |
| 28 | 11.8 | 6:27 | 6:14 |
Solar energy in February
Average shortwave solar energy reaching the ground each day in February, about 6.41 kWh/m².
For context, solar energy here swings from a low near 5.48 kWh/m² to a high of 6.49 kWh/m² in March across the year — February's 6.41 kWh/m² sits near the top of that range.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | 6.2 | 6.2 | 6.2 | 6.2 | 6.2 | 6.3 | 6.3 | 6.3 | 6.3 | 6.3 | 6.3 | 6.3 | 6.3 | 6.3 | 6.4 | 6.4 | 6.4 | 6.4 | 6.5 | 6.5 | 6.5 | 6.5 | 6.5 | 6.5 | 6.5 | 6.6 | 6.6 | 6.6 |
| Level | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense |
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 6.2 | Intense |
| 2 | 6.2 | Intense |
| 3 | 6.2 | Intense |
| 4 | 6.2 | Intense |
| 5 | 6.2 | Intense |
| 6 | 6.3 | Intense |
| 7 | 6.3 | Intense |
| 8 | 6.3 | Intense |
| 9 | 6.3 | Intense |
| 10 | 6.3 | Intense |
| 11 | 6.3 | Intense |
| 12 | 6.3 | Intense |
| 13 | 6.3 | Intense |
| 14 | 6.3 | Intense |
| 15 | 6.4 | Intense |
| 16 | 6.4 | Intense |
| 17 | 6.4 | Intense |
| 18 | 6.4 | Intense |
| 19 | 6.5 | Intense |
| 20 | 6.5 | Intense |
| 21 | 6.5 | Intense |
| 22 | 6.5 | Intense |
| 23 | 6.5 | Intense |
| 24 | 6.5 | Intense |
| 25 | 6.5 | Intense |
| 26 | 6.6 | Intense |
| 27 | 6.6 | Intense |
| 28 | 6.6 | Intense |
Hazard calendar for Borama
None of Borama's seasonal hazards are active in February. The full-year calendar below shows when the rainy season, cyclone risk and dust haze do peak.
Borama sees seasonal dust haze (June–July), heaviest in July.
Is February a good time to visit Borama?
Our two travel scores rate February for general sightseeing and for beach or pool weather — 0 (poor) to 10 (ideal).
February is one of the better times to visit Borama for general sightseeing. The water and warmth also suit a beach or pool day.
What to pack for Borama in February
From February's temperature range, rain chance, sun and wind — what's worth putting in the bag.
In February, Borama sees daytime highs around 26°C and nights near 14°C. Pack sun protection. Worth having: light clothes.
UV index in Borama in February
Clear-sky midday UV in February peaks around 15 (very high — sun protection essential). The full-year curve, shaded by WHO exposure level, is below.
Under clear skies, the midday UV index in Borama peaks around March 18 at about 15 (extreme) — sunscreen, a hat and midday shade are essential. It bottoms out near December 10 at about 10 (extreme).
The index reaches 3 or more — the level where the WHO recommends sun protection — every month of the year.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UV index (midday) | 13 | 15 | 16 | 15 | 13 | 12 | 11 | 14 | 13 | 13 | 10 | 10 |
| Level | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme |
| UV index (midday) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 13 | Extreme |
| Feb | 15 | Extreme |
| Mar | 16 | Extreme |
| Apr | 15 | Extreme |
| May | 13 | Extreme |
| Jun | 12 | Extreme |
| Jul | 11 | Extreme |
| Aug | 14 | Extreme |
| Sep | 13 | Extreme |
| Oct | 13 | Extreme |
| Nov | 10 | Extreme |
| Dec | 10 | Extreme |
Air quality in Borama in February
Average fine-particle pollution (PM2.5) through the year — so you can see where February falls, not just the annual average.
Air quality in Borama is worst in July — around 21 µg/m³ PM2.5 (moderate), about 1.9× the cleanest month (November, 11 µg/m³).
Modeled monthly averages (CAMS reanalysis, 2015–2024).
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PM2.5 (µg/m³) | 13 | 15 | 15 | 13 | 15 | 20 | 21 | 16 | 16 | 14 | 11 | 11 |
| Level | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Good | Good |
| PM2.5 (µg/m³) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 13 | Moderate |
| Feb | 15 | Moderate |
| Mar | 15 | Moderate |
| Apr | 13 | Moderate |
| May | 15 | Moderate |
| Jun | 20 | Moderate |
| Jul | 21 | Moderate |
| Aug | 16 | Moderate |
| Sep | 16 | Moderate |
| Oct | 14 | Moderate |
| Nov | 11 | Good |
| Dec | 11 | Good |
Where is Borama?
Borama sits at 9.9°N, 43.2°E, 1,468 m above sea level, in Somalia. The nearest listed city is Baki, 23 km away.
Topography around Borama
How much the land rises and falls, and what covers it, within 3, 16 and 80 km of Borama.
Within 3 km, the terrain around Borama has only modest variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 173 m around an average of 1,456 m above sea level; within 16 km, large variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 807 m; within 80 km, very significant variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 2,326 m.
The land around Borama is covered by shrubs (35%) and artificial surfaces (24%) within 3 km, shrubs (75%) within 16 km, and shrubs (47%) and grassland (23%) within 80 km.
Somalia travel facts
- Travel advisory
- Level 4
- Do Not Travel
- Power plugs
- Type C / G
- 220 V · 50 Hz
- Prices
- ≈ 52% of US
- price level, 2025
- GDP per capita
- $661
- 2025
- Happiness
- 4.5 / 10
- World Happiness, 2025
- Road deaths
- 27.4
- per 100k/yr, 2019
- Income group
- Low
- World Bank
- English
- Very low
- EF EPI 399
- Religion
Sources: World Bank, US State Department, World Happiness Report, WHO/UNICEF, EF EPI, CIA World Factbook.
Data sources
Temperature, precipitation, cloud, humidity, wind and solar figures are a 1991–2020 climatology for Borama (9.9361°, 43.1828°, elevation 1,468 m), computed from hourly ERA5 reanalysis — contains modified Copernicus Climate Change Service information. Sun figures are astronomical calculations, not observations. City data © GeoNames, CC BY 4.0. Map outlines from Natural Earth (public domain); interactive map © Google. UV index is derived from CAMS (Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service) clear-sky UV data — contains modified Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service information. Monthly air-quality (PM2.5) seasonality is from the CAMS EAC4 reanalysis (Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service), scaled to the WHO annual mean where available. Topography is sampled from the Copernicus DEM GLO-90 elevation model (© ESA/Airbus) and ESA WorldCover 2021 land cover (CC BY 4.0).