Vredendal weather in February
In February, Vredendal sees average daytime highs of 29°C and overnight lows near 17°C, with 4 mm of rain across 1 wet days and about 13.2 hours of daylight. It is the 1st-warmest and 12th-wettest month of the year here.
Day-to-day highs hold fairly steady near 29°C through the month. The sky is clear or mostly clear about 86% of the time in February, and the air most often feels comfortable.
Daylight stretches from about 13 h 30 min at the start of February to 12 h 48 min by month's end. Set against the rest of the year, February is Vredendal's 1st-clearest and 5th-windiest month. For the whole year in context, see Vredendal's year-round climate.
- Daytime high
- 29°
- 1st warmest
- Overnight low
- 17°
- 12th coldest
- Rainfall
- 4 mm
- 1 wet days
- Daylight
- 13 h 12 min
- 6:26 AM – 7:35 PM
- Cloud cover
- 16%
- 1st clearest
- Wind
- 12 km/h
- 5th windiest
- Solar energy
- 7.56 kWh/m²
- Travel score
- 7.3
- out of 10
Vredendal is town in the Western Cape, South Africa.
Air quality: WHO Ambient Air Quality Database. Density & description: Wikidata (CC0), GeoNames.
Temperature in February
Day-to-day highs hold fairly steady near 29°C through the month.
A typical February day in Vredendal reaches about 29°C in the afternoon and slips back to 17°C overnight — a 13°C spread between the day's warmth and the night's chill. On most days the high lands between 25°C and 35°C. Set against its neighbours, February runs on par with January and about 1°C warmer than March.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Avg high (°C) | 29 | 29 | 29 | 29 | 29 | 29 | 29 | 29 | 29 | 29 | 29 | 29 | 29 | 29 | 29 | 29 | 29 | 29 | 29 | 29 | 29 | 29 | 29 | 29 | 29 | 29 | 29 | 29 |
| Avg low (°C) | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 |
| Avg high (°C) | Avg low (°C) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 29 | 17 |
| 2 | 29 | 17 |
| 3 | 29 | 17 |
| 4 | 29 | 17 |
| 5 | 29 | 17 |
| 6 | 29 | 17 |
| 7 | 29 | 17 |
| 8 | 29 | 17 |
| 9 | 29 | 17 |
| 10 | 29 | 17 |
| 11 | 29 | 17 |
| 12 | 29 | 17 |
| 13 | 29 | 17 |
| 14 | 29 | 17 |
| 15 | 29 | 17 |
| 16 | 29 | 17 |
| 17 | 29 | 17 |
| 18 | 29 | 17 |
| 19 | 29 | 17 |
| 20 | 29 | 17 |
| 21 | 29 | 17 |
| 22 | 29 | 17 |
| 23 | 29 | 17 |
| 24 | 29 | 17 |
| 25 | 29 | 16 |
| 26 | 29 | 16 |
| 27 | 29 | 16 |
| 28 | 29 | 16 |
Vredendal weather by month
How February compares with the rest of the year at a glance. February is the 1st-warmest and 12th-wettest month here — the current month is highlighted below.
| Month | High / Low (°C) | Rainfall (mm) | Wet days | Daylight (hours) | Travel score |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 29° / 16° | 7 | 1.5 | 13.8 | 7.4 |
| Feb | 29° / 17° | 4 | 1 | 13.2 | 7.3 |
| Mar | 28° / 16° | 10 | 1.7 | 12.2 | 7.9 |
| Apr | 26° / 13° | 15 | 2.5 | 11.2 | 8.4 |
| May | 23° / 11° | 24 | 4.5 | 10.4 | 8.1 |
| Jun | 20° / 8° | 38 | 6.2 | 10 | 7.2 |
| Jul | 20° / 8° | 35 | 5.5 | 10.1 | 7.4 |
| Aug | 20° / 8° | 27 | 5.6 | 10.8 | 7.4 |
| Sep | 22° / 10° | 17 | 3.4 | 11.8 | 8.0 |
| Oct | 25° / 12° | 13 | 2.7 | 12.8 | 8.5 |
| Nov | 26° / 14° | 10 | 2.4 | 13.6 | 8.5 |
| Dec | 28° / 15° | 7 | 1.9 | 14 | 8.3 |
Cloud cover in February
The sky is clear or mostly clear about 86% of the time in February, the clearest month of the year.
Beyond those clear spells, partly cloudy skies cover about 7% of February, with mostly cloudy or overcast conditions the remaining 6%.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clearer (%) | 93 | 93 | 93 | 93 | 93 | 93 | 93 | 94 | 94 | 94 | 94 | 94 | 95 | 94 | 94 | 94 | 94 | 94 | 94 | 94 | 94 | 94 | 94 | 94 | 94 | 94 | 93 | 93 |
| Cloudier (%) | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 5 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 7 | 7 |
| Clearer (%) | Cloudier (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 93 | 7 |
| 2 | 93 | 7 |
| 3 | 93 | 7 |
| 4 | 93 | 7 |
| 5 | 93 | 7 |
| 6 | 93 | 7 |
| 7 | 93 | 7 |
| 8 | 94 | 6 |
| 9 | 94 | 6 |
| 10 | 94 | 6 |
| 11 | 94 | 6 |
| 12 | 94 | 6 |
| 13 | 95 | 5 |
| 14 | 94 | 6 |
| 15 | 94 | 6 |
| 16 | 94 | 6 |
| 17 | 94 | 6 |
| 18 | 94 | 6 |
| 19 | 94 | 6 |
| 20 | 94 | 6 |
| 21 | 94 | 6 |
| 22 | 94 | 6 |
| 23 | 94 | 6 |
| 24 | 94 | 6 |
| 25 | 94 | 6 |
| 26 | 94 | 6 |
| 27 | 93 | 7 |
| 28 | 93 | 7 |
Chance of precipitation in February
Vredendal gets around 4 mm of rain over 1 wet days in February, the driest month. The line is the day-by-day chance of measurable precipitation.
Day to day, the chance of measurable rain averages around 4% and peaks near 4% on the wettest days.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rain chance (%) | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 4 |
| Rain chance (%) | |
|---|---|
| 1 | 4 |
| 2 | 4 |
| 3 | 4 |
| 4 | 4 |
| 5 | 4 |
| 6 | 4 |
| 7 | 4 |
| 8 | 4 |
| 9 | 4 |
| 10 | 4 |
| 11 | 4 |
| 12 | 4 |
| 13 | 4 |
| 14 | 4 |
| 15 | 4 |
| 16 | 4 |
| 17 | 3 |
| 18 | 3 |
| 19 | 3 |
| 20 | 3 |
| 21 | 3 |
| 22 | 3 |
| 23 | 3 |
| 24 | 3 |
| 25 | 3 |
| 26 | 4 |
| 27 | 4 |
| 28 | 4 |
Humidity in February
Most of February feels comfortable — the stacked bands show each day's mix of comfort levels, read off the dew point.
By dew point, February lands in the comfortable band about 52% of days. It rarely turns muggy — the humid and sticky bands barely register.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dry (%) | 26 | 26 | 26 | 25 | 26 | 26 | 26 | 27 | 27 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 29 | 29 | 29 | 30 | 30 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 |
| Comfortable (%) | 54 | 54 | 54 | 55 | 53 | 53 | 53 | 52 | 52 | 51 | 52 | 52 | 51 | 51 | 52 | 51 | 51 | 51 | 51 | 52 | 52 | 52 | 52 | 52 | 52 | 52 | 52 | 52 |
| Humid (%) | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 19 | 19 | 19 | 18 | 18 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 |
| Dry (%) | Comfortable (%) | Humid (%) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 26 | 54 | 20 |
| 2 | 26 | 54 | 20 |
| 3 | 26 | 54 | 20 |
| 4 | 25 | 55 | 20 |
| 5 | 26 | 53 | 21 |
| 6 | 26 | 53 | 21 |
| 7 | 26 | 53 | 21 |
| 8 | 27 | 52 | 21 |
| 9 | 27 | 52 | 21 |
| 10 | 28 | 51 | 21 |
| 11 | 28 | 52 | 20 |
| 12 | 28 | 52 | 20 |
| 13 | 29 | 51 | 20 |
| 14 | 29 | 51 | 20 |
| 15 | 29 | 52 | 19 |
| 16 | 30 | 51 | 19 |
| 17 | 30 | 51 | 19 |
| 18 | 31 | 51 | 18 |
| 19 | 31 | 51 | 18 |
| 20 | 31 | 52 | 17 |
| 21 | 31 | 52 | 17 |
| 22 | 31 | 52 | 17 |
| 23 | 31 | 52 | 17 |
| 24 | 31 | 52 | 17 |
| 25 | 31 | 52 | 17 |
| 26 | 31 | 52 | 17 |
| 27 | 31 | 52 | 17 |
| 28 | 31 | 52 | 17 |
Wind in February
Winds average 12 km/h in February.
Across February, daily wind ranges from about 11 km/h on the calmest days to 12 km/h at its breeziest. It stays fairly steady from day to day.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wind speed (km/h) | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 |
| Feels | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm |
| Wind speed (km/h) | Feels | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 12 | light breeze |
| 2 | 12 | light breeze |
| 3 | 12 | light breeze |
| 4 | 12 | light breeze |
| 5 | 12 | light breeze |
| 6 | 12 | light breeze |
| 7 | 12 | light breeze |
| 8 | 12 | light breeze |
| 9 | 12 | light breeze |
| 10 | 12 | light breeze |
| 11 | 12 | calm |
| 12 | 12 | calm |
| 13 | 12 | calm |
| 14 | 12 | calm |
| 15 | 12 | calm |
| 16 | 12 | calm |
| 17 | 12 | calm |
| 18 | 12 | calm |
| 19 | 12 | calm |
| 20 | 12 | calm |
| 21 | 11 | calm |
| 22 | 11 | calm |
| 23 | 11 | calm |
| 24 | 11 | calm |
| 25 | 11 | calm |
| 26 | 11 | calm |
| 27 | 11 | calm |
| 28 | 11 | calm |
Sunrise & sunset in February
Daylight runs from about 13 h 30 min at the start of February to 12 h 48 min by month's end. The lit band spans sunrise to sunset each day.
Days shrink by about 42 minutes over February. Sunrise moves from 6:14 AM to 6:37 AM, and sunset from 7:45 PM to 7:22 PM.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Daylight (h) | 13.5 | 13.5 | 13.5 | 13.5 | 13.4 | 13.4 | 13.4 | 13.3 | 13.3 | 13.3 | 13.3 | 13.2 | 13.2 | 13.2 | 13.2 | 13.1 | 13.1 | 13.1 | 13.0 | 13.0 | 13.0 | 12.9 | 12.9 | 12.9 | 12.9 | 12.8 | 12.8 | 12.8 |
| Sunrise (AM) | 6:14 | 6:15 | 6:15 | 6:16 | 6:17 | 6:18 | 6:19 | 6:20 | 6:21 | 6:22 | 6:23 | 6:23 | 6:24 | 6:25 | 6:26 | 6:27 | 6:28 | 6:29 | 6:29 | 6:30 | 6:31 | 6:32 | 6:33 | 6:33 | 6:34 | 6:35 | 6:36 | 6:37 |
| Sunset (PM) | 7:45 | 7:45 | 7:44 | 7:44 | 7:43 | 7:42 | 7:42 | 7:41 | 7:40 | 7:39 | 7:39 | 7:38 | 7:37 | 7:36 | 7:35 | 7:34 | 7:33 | 7:32 | 7:31 | 7:31 | 7:30 | 7:29 | 7:28 | 7:26 | 7:25 | 7:24 | 7:23 | 7:22 |
| Daylight (h) | Sunrise (AM) | Sunset (PM) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 13.5 | 6:14 | 7:45 |
| 2 | 13.5 | 6:15 | 7:45 |
| 3 | 13.5 | 6:15 | 7:44 |
| 4 | 13.5 | 6:16 | 7:44 |
| 5 | 13.4 | 6:17 | 7:43 |
| 6 | 13.4 | 6:18 | 7:42 |
| 7 | 13.4 | 6:19 | 7:42 |
| 8 | 13.3 | 6:20 | 7:41 |
| 9 | 13.3 | 6:21 | 7:40 |
| 10 | 13.3 | 6:22 | 7:39 |
| 11 | 13.3 | 6:23 | 7:39 |
| 12 | 13.2 | 6:23 | 7:38 |
| 13 | 13.2 | 6:24 | 7:37 |
| 14 | 13.2 | 6:25 | 7:36 |
| 15 | 13.2 | 6:26 | 7:35 |
| 16 | 13.1 | 6:27 | 7:34 |
| 17 | 13.1 | 6:28 | 7:33 |
| 18 | 13.1 | 6:29 | 7:32 |
| 19 | 13.0 | 6:29 | 7:31 |
| 20 | 13.0 | 6:30 | 7:31 |
| 21 | 13.0 | 6:31 | 7:30 |
| 22 | 12.9 | 6:32 | 7:29 |
| 23 | 12.9 | 6:33 | 7:28 |
| 24 | 12.9 | 6:33 | 7:26 |
| 25 | 12.9 | 6:34 | 7:25 |
| 26 | 12.8 | 6:35 | 7:24 |
| 27 | 12.8 | 6:36 | 7:23 |
| 28 | 12.8 | 6:37 | 7:22 |
Solar energy in February
Average shortwave solar energy reaching the ground each day in February, about 7.56 kWh/m².
For context, solar energy here swings from a low near 2.88 kWh/m² to a high of 8.46 kWh/m² in December across the year — February's 7.56 kWh/m² falls in the middle.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | 8.0 | 8.0 | 7.9 | 7.9 | 7.9 | 7.8 | 7.8 | 7.8 | 7.7 | 7.7 | 7.7 | 7.6 | 7.6 | 7.6 | 7.5 | 7.5 | 7.5 | 7.4 | 7.4 | 7.4 | 7.3 | 7.3 | 7.3 | 7.2 | 7.2 | 7.1 | 7.1 | 7.0 |
| Level | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense |
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 8.0 | Intense |
| 2 | 8.0 | Intense |
| 3 | 7.9 | Intense |
| 4 | 7.9 | Intense |
| 5 | 7.9 | Intense |
| 6 | 7.8 | Intense |
| 7 | 7.8 | Intense |
| 8 | 7.8 | Intense |
| 9 | 7.7 | Intense |
| 10 | 7.7 | Intense |
| 11 | 7.7 | Intense |
| 12 | 7.6 | Intense |
| 13 | 7.6 | Intense |
| 14 | 7.6 | Intense |
| 15 | 7.5 | Intense |
| 16 | 7.5 | Intense |
| 17 | 7.5 | Intense |
| 18 | 7.4 | Intense |
| 19 | 7.4 | Intense |
| 20 | 7.4 | Intense |
| 21 | 7.3 | Intense |
| 22 | 7.3 | Intense |
| 23 | 7.3 | Intense |
| 24 | 7.2 | Intense |
| 25 | 7.2 | Intense |
| 26 | 7.1 | Intense |
| 27 | 7.1 | Intense |
| 28 | 7.0 | Intense |
Is February a good time to visit Vredendal?
Our two travel scores rate February for general sightseeing and for beach or pool weather — 0 (poor) to 10 (ideal).
February is one of the better times to visit Vredendal for general sightseeing. The water and warmth also suit a beach or pool day.
What to pack for Vredendal in February
From February's temperature range, rain chance, sun and wind — what's worth putting in the bag.
In February, Vredendal sees daytime highs around 29°C and nights near 17°C. Pack light clothes and sun protection.
Sea temperature near Vredendal in February
The nearest coast averages about 17°C in February — the other half of the beach question. The full-year curve and swim-comfort zones are below.
The sea at the nearest coast (about 36 km away) is warmest in February at about 17°C and coldest in July near 13°C.
The water stays below 20°C all year — cool enough that most swimmers want a wetsuit.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sea temperature (°C) | 17 | 17 | 16 | 15 | 15 | 14 | 13 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 |
| Comfort | Cool | Cool | Cool | Cool | Bracing | Bracing | Bracing | Bracing | Bracing | Bracing | Cool | Cool |
| Sea temperature (°C) | Comfort | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 17 | Cool |
| Feb | 17 | Cool |
| Mar | 16 | Cool |
| Apr | 15 | Cool |
| May | 15 | Bracing |
| Jun | 14 | Bracing |
| Jul | 13 | Bracing |
| Aug | 13 | Bracing |
| Sep | 14 | Bracing |
| Oct | 15 | Bracing |
| Nov | 16 | Cool |
| Dec | 17 | Cool |
UV index in Vredendal in February
Clear-sky midday UV in February peaks around 12 (very high — sun protection essential). The full-year curve, shaded by WHO exposure level, is below.
Under clear skies, the midday UV index in Vredendal peaks around January 16 at about 14 (extreme) — sunscreen, a hat and midday shade are essential. It bottoms out near June 17 at about 3 (moderate).
The index reaches 3 or more — the level where the WHO recommends sun protection — every month of the year.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UV index (midday) | 14 | 12 | 10 | 7 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 10 | 11 | 12 |
| Level | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | High | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | High | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme |
| UV index (midday) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 14 | Extreme |
| Feb | 12 | Extreme |
| Mar | 10 | Extreme |
| Apr | 7 | High |
| May | 4 | Moderate |
| Jun | 3 | Moderate |
| Jul | 4 | Moderate |
| Aug | 5 | Moderate |
| Sep | 6 | High |
| Oct | 10 | Extreme |
| Nov | 11 | Extreme |
| Dec | 12 | Extreme |
Where is Vredendal?
Vredendal sits at 31.7°S, 18.5°E, 36 m above sea level, in South Africa. The nearest listed city is Vredenburg, 146 km away.
Topography around Vredendal
How much the land rises and falls, and what covers it, within 3, 16 and 80 km of Vredendal.
Within 3 km, the terrain around Vredendal has only modest variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 94 m around an average of 33 m above sea level; within 16 km, significant variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 367 m; within 80 km, very significant variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 1,591 m.
The land around Vredendal is covered by cropland (38%) and shrubs (33%) within 3 km, shrubs (47%) and cropland (32%) within 16 km, and shrubs (46%) and grassland (21%) within 80 km.
South Africa travel facts
- Travel advisory
- Level 2
- Exercise Increased Caution
- Power plugs
- Type C / M / N
- 230 V · 50 Hz
- Prices
- ≈ 41% of US
- price level, 2025
- GDP per capita
- $6,598
- 2025
- Happiness
- 5.0 / 10
- World Happiness, 2025
- Safe drinking water
- 68%
- of population, 2024
- Homicide rate
- 43.7
- per 100k, 2022
- Road deaths
- 22.2
- per 100k/yr, 2019
- Income group
- Upper middle
- World Bank
- English
- Very high
- EF EPI 602
- Religion
Sources: World Bank, US State Department, World Happiness Report, WHO/UNICEF, EF EPI, CIA World Factbook.
Data sources
Temperature, precipitation, cloud, humidity, wind and solar figures are a 1991–2020 climatology for Vredendal (-31.6683°, 18.5012°, elevation 36 m), computed from hourly ERA5 reanalysis — contains modified Copernicus Climate Change Service information. Sun figures are astronomical calculations, not observations. City data © GeoNames, CC BY 4.0. Map outlines from Natural Earth (public domain); interactive map © Google. Sea temperatures are the NOAA OISST v2.1 1991–2020 monthly climatology (public domain), sampled at the nearest ocean point. UV index is derived from CAMS (Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service) clear-sky UV data — contains modified Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service information. Topography is sampled from the Copernicus DEM GLO-90 elevation model (© ESA/Airbus) and ESA WorldCover 2021 land cover (CC BY 4.0).