Pubal weather in February
In February, Pubal sees average daytime highs of 5°C and overnight lows near -4°C, with 29 mm of precipitation across 4.4 wet days and about 10.6 hours of daylight. It is the 10th-warmest and 10th-wettest month of the year here.
Highs climb over the month, from about 3°C in the first days to 7°C by the end. The sky is clear or mostly clear about 45% of the time in February, and the air most often feels dry.
Daylight stretches from about 10 h 06 min at the start of February to 11 h 06 min by month's end. Set against the rest of the year, February is Pubal's 5th-clearest and 3rd-windiest month. For the whole year in context, see Pubal's year-round climate.
- Daytime high
- 5°
- 10th warmest
- Overnight low
- -4°
- 3rd coldest
- Precipitation
- 29 mm
- 4.4 wet days
- Daylight
- 10 h 36 min
- 7:27 AM – 6:02 PM
- Cloud cover
- 48%
- 5th clearest
- Wind
- 9 km/h
- 3rd windiest
- Solar energy
- 3.6 kWh/m²
- Travel score
- 0.4
- out of 10
Temperature in February
Highs climb over the month, from about 3°C in the first days to 7°C by the end.
A typical February day in Pubal reaches about 5°C in the afternoon and slips back to -4°C overnight — a 9°C spread between the day's warmth and the night's chill. On most days the high lands between 0°C and 10°C. Set against its neighbours, February runs about 3°C warmer than January and about 6°C cooler than March.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Avg high (°C) | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 8 | 8 |
| Avg low (°C) | -6 | -6 | -6 | -6 | -6 | -5 | -5 | -5 | -5 | -5 | -5 | -5 | -4 | -4 | -4 | -4 | -4 | -4 | -3 | -3 | -3 | -3 | -3 | -3 | -2 | -2 | -2 | -2 |
| Avg high (°C) | Avg low (°C) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 3 | -6 |
| 2 | 3 | -6 |
| 3 | 3 | -6 |
| 4 | 3 | -6 |
| 5 | 3 | -6 |
| 6 | 4 | -5 |
| 7 | 4 | -5 |
| 8 | 4 | -5 |
| 9 | 4 | -5 |
| 10 | 4 | -5 |
| 11 | 4 | -5 |
| 12 | 5 | -5 |
| 13 | 5 | -4 |
| 14 | 5 | -4 |
| 15 | 5 | -4 |
| 16 | 5 | -4 |
| 17 | 6 | -4 |
| 18 | 6 | -4 |
| 19 | 6 | -3 |
| 20 | 6 | -3 |
| 21 | 6 | -3 |
| 22 | 7 | -3 |
| 23 | 7 | -3 |
| 24 | 7 | -3 |
| 25 | 7 | -2 |
| 26 | 7 | -2 |
| 27 | 8 | -2 |
| 28 | 8 | -2 |
How February really feels in Pubal
Once humidity and wind are folded in, February averages 0 days that feel above 32°C and 28 that feel at or below 0°C — the comfort signal a plain temperature reading hides.
The story in February is cold — wind chill drags the overnight "feels like" below the raw low.
Pubal weather by month
How February compares with the rest of the year at a glance. February is the 10th-warmest and 10th-wettest month here — the current month is highlighted below.
| Month | High / Low (°C) | Rainfall (mm) | Wet days | Snow days | Daylight (hours) | Travel score |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 2° / -6° | 22 | 4.4 | 2.7 | 9.7 | 0.0 |
| Feb | 5° / -4° | 29 | 4.4 | 1.8 | 10.6 | 0.4 |
| Mar | 11° / 0° | 46 | 6.6 | 1.5 | 11.7 | 3.0 |
| Apr | 18° / 6° | 81 | 7.6 | 0.1 | 12.9 | 6.1 |
| May | 23° / 12° | 99 | 7.8 | 0 | 14 | 7.2 |
| Jun | 27° / 17° | 127 | 8.5 | 0 | 14.5 | 6.5 |
| Jul | 29° / 21° | 307 | 16.9 | 0 | 14.3 | 4.7 |
| Aug | 29° / 22° | 252 | 15.3 | 0 | 13.4 | 4.8 |
| Sep | 25° / 16° | 130 | 8.1 | 0 | 12.3 | 7.0 |
| Oct | 20° / 9° | 59 | 5.6 | 0 | 11 | 7.0 |
| Nov | 12° / 2° | 48 | 7.2 | 0.5 | 10 | 3.3 |
| Dec | 4° / -4° | 25 | 5.1 | 2.1 | 9.5 | 0.1 |
Cloud cover in February
The sky is clear or mostly clear about 45% of the time in February.
Beyond those clear spells, partly cloudy skies cover about 14% of February, with mostly cloudy or overcast conditions the remaining 40%.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clearer (%) | 65 | 65 | 65 | 65 | 64 | 64 | 63 | 62 | 62 | 61 | 60 | 60 | 60 | 59 | 59 | 59 | 58 | 58 | 58 | 58 | 57 | 57 | 57 | 57 | 56 | 56 | 56 | 56 |
| Cloudier (%) | 35 | 35 | 35 | 35 | 36 | 36 | 37 | 38 | 38 | 39 | 40 | 40 | 40 | 41 | 41 | 41 | 42 | 42 | 42 | 42 | 43 | 43 | 43 | 43 | 44 | 44 | 44 | 44 |
| Clearer (%) | Cloudier (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 65 | 35 |
| 2 | 65 | 35 |
| 3 | 65 | 35 |
| 4 | 65 | 35 |
| 5 | 64 | 36 |
| 6 | 64 | 36 |
| 7 | 63 | 37 |
| 8 | 62 | 38 |
| 9 | 62 | 38 |
| 10 | 61 | 39 |
| 11 | 60 | 40 |
| 12 | 60 | 40 |
| 13 | 60 | 40 |
| 14 | 59 | 41 |
| 15 | 59 | 41 |
| 16 | 59 | 41 |
| 17 | 58 | 42 |
| 18 | 58 | 42 |
| 19 | 58 | 42 |
| 20 | 58 | 42 |
| 21 | 57 | 43 |
| 22 | 57 | 43 |
| 23 | 57 | 43 |
| 24 | 57 | 43 |
| 25 | 56 | 44 |
| 26 | 56 | 44 |
| 27 | 56 | 44 |
| 28 | 56 | 44 |
Chance of precipitation in February
Pubal gets around 29 mm of rain and snow over 4.4 wet days in February. The line is the day-by-day chance of measurable precipitation.
Day to day, the chance of measurable precipitation averages around 16% and peaks near 22% on the wettest days, and about 2 days bring snow. The odds climb toward the end of the month.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rain chance (%) | 13 | 12 | 12 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 17 | 17 | 18 | 18 | 19 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 21 | 22 | 22 |
| Snow chance (%) | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 8 | 8 | 8 |
| Rain chance (%) | Snow chance (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 13 | 7 |
| 2 | 12 | 7 |
| 3 | 12 | 7 |
| 4 | 13 | 7 |
| 5 | 13 | 7 |
| 6 | 13 | 7 |
| 7 | 13 | 7 |
| 8 | 13 | 7 |
| 9 | 14 | 7 |
| 10 | 14 | 7 |
| 11 | 14 | 7 |
| 12 | 15 | 7 |
| 13 | 15 | 7 |
| 14 | 15 | 7 |
| 15 | 16 | 7 |
| 16 | 16 | 7 |
| 17 | 16 | 6 |
| 18 | 17 | 6 |
| 19 | 17 | 6 |
| 20 | 18 | 6 |
| 21 | 18 | 7 |
| 22 | 19 | 7 |
| 23 | 19 | 7 |
| 24 | 20 | 7 |
| 25 | 21 | 7 |
| 26 | 21 | 8 |
| 27 | 22 | 8 |
| 28 | 22 | 8 |
Humidity in February
Most of February feels dry — the stacked bands show each day's mix of comfort levels, read off the dew point.
By dew point, February lands in the dry band about 100% of days. It rarely turns muggy — the humid and sticky bands barely register.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dry (%) | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
| Dry (%) | |
|---|---|
| 1 | 100 |
| 2 | 100 |
| 3 | 100 |
| 4 | 100 |
| 5 | 100 |
| 6 | 100 |
| 7 | 100 |
| 8 | 100 |
| 9 | 100 |
| 10 | 100 |
| 11 | 100 |
| 12 | 100 |
| 13 | 100 |
| 14 | 100 |
| 15 | 100 |
| 16 | 100 |
| 17 | 100 |
| 18 | 100 |
| 19 | 100 |
| 20 | 100 |
| 21 | 100 |
| 22 | 100 |
| 23 | 100 |
| 24 | 100 |
| 25 | 100 |
| 26 | 100 |
| 27 | 100 |
| 28 | 100 |
Wind in February
Winds average 9 km/h in February.
Across February, daily wind ranges from about 9 km/h on the calmest days to 9 km/h at its breeziest. It stays fairly steady from day to day.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wind speed (km/h) | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 |
| Feels | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm |
| Wind speed (km/h) | Feels | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 9 | calm |
| 2 | 9 | calm |
| 3 | 9 | calm |
| 4 | 9 | calm |
| 5 | 9 | calm |
| 6 | 9 | calm |
| 7 | 9 | calm |
| 8 | 9 | calm |
| 9 | 9 | calm |
| 10 | 9 | calm |
| 11 | 9 | calm |
| 12 | 9 | calm |
| 13 | 9 | calm |
| 14 | 9 | calm |
| 15 | 9 | calm |
| 16 | 9 | calm |
| 17 | 9 | calm |
| 18 | 9 | calm |
| 19 | 9 | calm |
| 20 | 9 | calm |
| 21 | 9 | calm |
| 22 | 9 | calm |
| 23 | 9 | calm |
| 24 | 9 | calm |
| 25 | 9 | calm |
| 26 | 9 | calm |
| 27 | 9 | calm |
| 28 | 9 | calm |
Sunrise & sunset in February
Daylight runs from about 10 h 06 min at the start of February to 11 h 06 min by month's end. The lit band spans sunrise to sunset each day.
Days grow by about 60 minutes over February. Sunrise moves from 7:40 AM to 7:12 AM, and sunset from 5:47 PM to 6:15 PM.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Daylight (h) | 10.1 | 10.1 | 10.2 | 10.2 | 10.2 | 10.3 | 10.3 | 10.3 | 10.4 | 10.4 | 10.4 | 10.5 | 10.5 | 10.5 | 10.6 | 10.6 | 10.6 | 10.7 | 10.7 | 10.8 | 10.8 | 10.8 | 10.9 | 10.9 | 10.9 | 11.0 | 11.0 | 11.1 |
| Sunrise (AM) | 7:40 | 7:39 | 7:39 | 7:38 | 7:37 | 7:36 | 7:35 | 7:34 | 7:33 | 7:33 | 7:32 | 7:31 | 7:29 | 7:28 | 7:27 | 7:26 | 7:25 | 7:24 | 7:23 | 7:22 | 7:20 | 7:19 | 7:18 | 7:17 | 7:15 | 7:14 | 7:13 | 7:12 |
| Sunset (PM) | 5:47 | 5:48 | 5:49 | 5:50 | 5:51 | 5:52 | 5:53 | 5:54 | 5:55 | 5:56 | 5:58 | 5:59 | 6:00 | 6:01 | 6:02 | 6:03 | 6:04 | 6:05 | 6:06 | 6:07 | 6:08 | 6:09 | 6:10 | 6:11 | 6:12 | 6:13 | 6:14 | 6:15 |
| Daylight (h) | Sunrise (AM) | Sunset (PM) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 10.1 | 7:40 | 5:47 |
| 2 | 10.1 | 7:39 | 5:48 |
| 3 | 10.2 | 7:39 | 5:49 |
| 4 | 10.2 | 7:38 | 5:50 |
| 5 | 10.2 | 7:37 | 5:51 |
| 6 | 10.3 | 7:36 | 5:52 |
| 7 | 10.3 | 7:35 | 5:53 |
| 8 | 10.3 | 7:34 | 5:54 |
| 9 | 10.4 | 7:33 | 5:55 |
| 10 | 10.4 | 7:33 | 5:56 |
| 11 | 10.4 | 7:32 | 5:58 |
| 12 | 10.5 | 7:31 | 5:59 |
| 13 | 10.5 | 7:29 | 6:00 |
| 14 | 10.5 | 7:28 | 6:01 |
| 15 | 10.6 | 7:27 | 6:02 |
| 16 | 10.6 | 7:26 | 6:03 |
| 17 | 10.6 | 7:25 | 6:04 |
| 18 | 10.7 | 7:24 | 6:05 |
| 19 | 10.7 | 7:23 | 6:06 |
| 20 | 10.8 | 7:22 | 6:07 |
| 21 | 10.8 | 7:20 | 6:08 |
| 22 | 10.8 | 7:19 | 6:09 |
| 23 | 10.9 | 7:18 | 6:10 |
| 24 | 10.9 | 7:17 | 6:11 |
| 25 | 10.9 | 7:15 | 6:12 |
| 26 | 11.0 | 7:14 | 6:13 |
| 27 | 11.0 | 7:13 | 6:14 |
| 28 | 11.1 | 7:12 | 6:15 |
Solar energy in February
Average shortwave solar energy reaching the ground each day in February, about 3.6 kWh/m².
For context, solar energy here swings from a low near 2.36 kWh/m² to a high of 5.78 kWh/m² in May across the year — February's 3.6 kWh/m² falls in the middle.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | 3.2 | 3.2 | 3.2 | 3.3 | 3.3 | 3.3 | 3.3 | 3.4 | 3.4 | 3.4 | 3.5 | 3.5 | 3.5 | 3.6 | 3.6 | 3.6 | 3.7 | 3.7 | 3.7 | 3.8 | 3.8 | 3.8 | 3.9 | 3.9 | 3.9 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 4.0 |
| Level | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Bright |
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 3.2 | Moderate |
| 2 | 3.2 | Moderate |
| 3 | 3.2 | Moderate |
| 4 | 3.3 | Moderate |
| 5 | 3.3 | Moderate |
| 6 | 3.3 | Moderate |
| 7 | 3.3 | Moderate |
| 8 | 3.4 | Moderate |
| 9 | 3.4 | Moderate |
| 10 | 3.4 | Moderate |
| 11 | 3.5 | Moderate |
| 12 | 3.5 | Moderate |
| 13 | 3.5 | Moderate |
| 14 | 3.6 | Moderate |
| 15 | 3.6 | Moderate |
| 16 | 3.6 | Moderate |
| 17 | 3.7 | Moderate |
| 18 | 3.7 | Moderate |
| 19 | 3.7 | Moderate |
| 20 | 3.8 | Moderate |
| 21 | 3.8 | Moderate |
| 22 | 3.8 | Moderate |
| 23 | 3.9 | Moderate |
| 24 | 3.9 | Moderate |
| 25 | 3.9 | Moderate |
| 26 | 4.0 | Moderate |
| 27 | 4.0 | Moderate |
| 28 | 4.0 | Bright |
Hazard calendar for Pubal
None of Pubal's seasonal hazards are active in February. The full-year calendar below shows when the rainy season, cyclone risk and dust haze do peak.
Pubal's rainy season runs July–August, when most of the year's rain falls.
Is February a good time to visit Pubal?
Our two travel scores rate February for general sightseeing and for beach or pool weather — 0 (poor) to 10 (ideal).
February is a weaker month for outdoor sightseeing in Pubal.
What to pack for Pubal in February
From February's temperature range, rain chance, sun and wind — what's worth putting in the bag.
In February, Pubal sees daytime highs around 5°C and nights near -4°C. Pack a warm layer and a heavy coat. About 4 days see rain.
UV index in Pubal in February
Clear-sky midday UV in February peaks around 3 — enough to warrant sun protection. The full-year curve, shaded by WHO exposure level, is below.
Under clear skies, the midday UV index in Pubal peaks around August 14 at about 9 (very high) — sunscreen, a hat and midday shade are essential. It bottoms out near December 23 at about 2 (low).
The index reaches 3 or more — the level where the WHO recommends sun protection — in 9 months of the year.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UV index (midday) | 2 | 3 | 4 | 6 | 7 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 7 | 5 | 3 | 2 |
| Level | Low | Moderate | Moderate | High | High | Very high | Very high | Very high | Very high | High | Moderate | Low |
| UV index (midday) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 2 | Low |
| Feb | 3 | Moderate |
| Mar | 4 | Moderate |
| Apr | 6 | High |
| May | 7 | High |
| Jun | 7 | Very high |
| Jul | 8 | Very high |
| Aug | 9 | Very high |
| Sep | 7 | Very high |
| Oct | 5 | High |
| Nov | 3 | Moderate |
| Dec | 2 | Low |
Air quality in Pubal in February
Average fine-particle pollution (PM2.5) through the year — so you can see where February falls, not just the annual average.
Air quality in Pubal is worst in March — around 123 µg/m³ PM2.5 (unhealthy), and holds fairly steady the rest of the year.
Modeled monthly averages (CAMS reanalysis, 2015–2024).
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PM2.5 (µg/m³) | 106 | 108 | 123 | 104 | 96 | 91 | 79 | 78 | 97 | 115 | 118 | 100 |
| Level | Unhealthy | Unhealthy | Unhealthy | Unhealthy | Unhealthy | Unhealthy | Unhealthy | Unhealthy | Unhealthy | Unhealthy | Unhealthy | Unhealthy |
| PM2.5 (µg/m³) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 106 | Unhealthy |
| Feb | 108 | Unhealthy |
| Mar | 123 | Unhealthy |
| Apr | 104 | Unhealthy |
| May | 96 | Unhealthy |
| Jun | 91 | Unhealthy |
| Jul | 79 | Unhealthy |
| Aug | 78 | Unhealthy |
| Sep | 97 | Unhealthy |
| Oct | 115 | Unhealthy |
| Nov | 118 | Unhealthy |
| Dec | 100 | Unhealthy |
Where is Pubal?
Pubal sits at 37.3°N, 127.5°E, 55 m above sea level, in South Korea. The nearest listed city is Icheon-si, 6.0 km away.
Topography around Pubal
How much the land rises and falls, and what covers it, within 3, 16 and 80 km of Pubal.
Within 3 km, the terrain around Pubal has only modest variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 150 m around an average of 58 m above sea level; within 16 km, significant variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 592 m; within 80 km, very significant variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 1,443 m.
The land around Pubal is covered by cropland (49%), trees (21%) and artificial surfaces (21%) within 3 km, trees (46%) and cropland (30%) within 16 km, and trees (67%) within 80 km.
South Korea travel facts
- Travel advisory
- Level 1
- Exercise Normal Precautions
- Power plugs
- Type C / F
- 220 V · 60 Hz
- Prices
- ≈ 57% of US
- price level, 2025
- GDP per capita
- $36,227
- 2025
- Happiness
- 6.0 / 10
- World Happiness, 2025
- Safe drinking water
- 99%
- of population, 2024
- Homicide rate
- 0.5
- per 100k, 2023
- Road deaths
- 8.6
- per 100k/yr, 2019
- Income group
- High
- World Bank
- English
- Moderate
- EF EPI 522
- Religion
Sources: World Bank, US State Department, World Happiness Report, WHO/UNICEF, EF EPI, CIA World Factbook.
Data sources
Temperature, precipitation, cloud, humidity, wind and solar figures are a 1991–2020 climatology for Pubal (37.2917°, 127.5078°, elevation 55 m), computed from hourly ERA5 reanalysis — contains modified Copernicus Climate Change Service information. Sun figures are astronomical calculations, not observations. City data © GeoNames, CC BY 4.0. Map outlines from Natural Earth (public domain); interactive map © Google. UV index is derived from CAMS (Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service) clear-sky UV data — contains modified Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service information. Monthly air-quality (PM2.5) seasonality is from the CAMS EAC4 reanalysis (Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service), scaled to the WHO annual mean where available. Topography is sampled from the Copernicus DEM GLO-90 elevation model (© ESA/Airbus) and ESA WorldCover 2021 land cover (CC BY 4.0).