Campiña weather in May
In May, Campiña sees average daytime highs of 23°C and overnight lows near 11°C, with 46 mm of rain across 8 wet days and about 14 hours of daylight. It is the 5th-warmest and 8th-wettest month of the year here.
Highs climb over the month, from about 21°C in the first days to 26°C by the end. The sky is clear or mostly clear about 43% of the time in May, and the air most often feels dry.
Daylight stretches from about 13 h 36 min at the start of May to 14 h 24 min by month's end. Set against the rest of the year, May is Campiña's 5th-clearest and 3rd-windiest month. For the whole year in context, see Campiña's year-round climate.
- Daytime high
- 23°
- 5th warmest
- Overnight low
- 11°
- 8th coldest
- Rainfall
- 46 mm
- 8 wet days
- Daylight
- 14 h 06 min
- 6:06 AM – 8:10 PM
- Cloud cover
- 47%
- 5th clearest
- Wind
- 7 km/h
- 3rd windiest
- Solar energy
- 6.77 kWh/m²
- Travel score
- 7.3
- out of 10
Campiña is human settlement in Spain.
Air quality: WHO Ambient Air Quality Database. Density & description: Wikidata (CC0), GeoNames.
Temperature in May
Highs climb over the month, from about 21°C in the first days to 26°C by the end.
A typical May day in Campiña reaches about 23°C in the afternoon and slips back to 11°C overnight — a 12°C spread between the day's warmth and the night's chill. On most days the high lands between 17°C and 29°C. Set against its neighbours, May runs about 5°C warmer than April and about 6°C cooler than June.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Avg high (°C) | 20 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 22 | 22 | 22 | 22 | 22 | 23 | 23 | 23 | 23 | 23 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 26 | 26 | 26 |
| Avg low (°C) | 9 | 9 | 9 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 14 |
| Avg high (°C) | Avg low (°C) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 20 | 9 |
| 2 | 21 | 9 |
| 3 | 21 | 9 |
| 4 | 21 | 10 |
| 5 | 21 | 10 |
| 6 | 21 | 10 |
| 7 | 21 | 10 |
| 8 | 22 | 10 |
| 9 | 22 | 10 |
| 10 | 22 | 10 |
| 11 | 22 | 11 |
| 12 | 22 | 11 |
| 13 | 23 | 11 |
| 14 | 23 | 11 |
| 15 | 23 | 11 |
| 16 | 23 | 11 |
| 17 | 23 | 11 |
| 18 | 24 | 12 |
| 19 | 24 | 12 |
| 20 | 24 | 12 |
| 21 | 24 | 12 |
| 22 | 24 | 12 |
| 23 | 24 | 12 |
| 24 | 25 | 12 |
| 25 | 25 | 13 |
| 26 | 25 | 13 |
| 27 | 25 | 13 |
| 28 | 25 | 13 |
| 29 | 26 | 13 |
| 30 | 26 | 13 |
| 31 | 26 | 14 |
How May really feels in Campiña
Once humidity and wind are folded in, May averages 0 days that feel above 32°C and 0 that feel at or below 0°C — the comfort signal a plain temperature reading hides.
May sits comfortably in between — no days that feel dangerously hot or drop to a hard freeze once humidity and wind are folded in.
Campiña weather by month
How May compares with the rest of the year at a glance. May is the 5th-warmest and 8th-wettest month here — the current month is highlighted below.
| Month | High / Low (°C) | Rainfall (mm) | Wet days | Snow days | Daylight (hours) | Travel score |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 11° / 2° | 65 | 9.2 | 1.2 | 9.6 | 3.0 |
| Feb | 13° / 3° | 59 | 8.5 | 1.3 | 10.5 | 3.8 |
| Mar | 16° / 5° | 64 | 9.4 | 0.5 | 11.7 | 5.3 |
| Apr | 19° / 7° | 66 | 10.2 | 0.1 | 13 | 6.1 |
| May | 23° / 11° | 46 | 8 | 0 | 14 | 7.3 |
| Jun | 29° / 16° | 19 | 3.4 | 0 | 14.6 | 6.8 |
| Jul | 33° / 19° | 4 | 1.4 | 0 | 14.4 | 4.5 |
| Aug | 33° / 19° | 9 | 2.2 | 0 | 13.5 | 4.6 |
| Sep | 28° / 15° | 31 | 5.1 | 0 | 12.3 | 7.1 |
| Oct | 22° / 11° | 51 | 7.6 | 0 | 11 | 7.1 |
| Nov | 15° / 6° | 70 | 9.7 | 0.2 | 9.9 | 4.8 |
| Dec | 12° / 3° | 76 | 9.3 | 0.5 | 9.4 | 3.4 |
Cloud cover in May
The sky is clear or mostly clear about 43% of the time in May.
Beyond those clear spells, partly cloudy skies cover about 18% of May, with mostly cloudy or overcast conditions the remaining 38%. Skies tend to open up as the month goes on.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clearer (%) | 51 | 52 | 52 | 53 | 53 | 53 | 54 | 54 | 55 | 56 | 57 | 58 | 59 | 60 | 61 | 62 | 63 | 64 | 65 | 66 | 68 | 68 | 68 | 69 | 69 | 70 | 70 | 70 | 70 | 71 | 71 |
| Cloudier (%) | 49 | 48 | 48 | 47 | 47 | 47 | 46 | 46 | 45 | 44 | 43 | 42 | 41 | 40 | 39 | 38 | 37 | 36 | 35 | 34 | 32 | 32 | 32 | 31 | 31 | 30 | 30 | 30 | 30 | 29 | 29 |
| Clearer (%) | Cloudier (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 51 | 49 |
| 2 | 52 | 48 |
| 3 | 52 | 48 |
| 4 | 53 | 47 |
| 5 | 53 | 47 |
| 6 | 53 | 47 |
| 7 | 54 | 46 |
| 8 | 54 | 46 |
| 9 | 55 | 45 |
| 10 | 56 | 44 |
| 11 | 57 | 43 |
| 12 | 58 | 42 |
| 13 | 59 | 41 |
| 14 | 60 | 40 |
| 15 | 61 | 39 |
| 16 | 62 | 38 |
| 17 | 63 | 37 |
| 18 | 64 | 36 |
| 19 | 65 | 35 |
| 20 | 66 | 34 |
| 21 | 68 | 32 |
| 22 | 68 | 32 |
| 23 | 68 | 32 |
| 24 | 69 | 31 |
| 25 | 69 | 31 |
| 26 | 70 | 30 |
| 27 | 70 | 30 |
| 28 | 70 | 30 |
| 29 | 70 | 30 |
| 30 | 71 | 29 |
| 31 | 71 | 29 |
Chance of precipitation in May
Campiña gets around 46 mm of rain over 8 wet days in May. The line is the day-by-day chance of measurable precipitation.
Day to day, the chance of measurable rain averages around 26% and peaks near 34% on the wettest days. The odds ease toward the end of the month.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rain chance (%) | 34 | 34 | 34 | 33 | 33 | 33 | 32 | 31 | 30 | 29 | 29 | 28 | 27 | 26 | 26 | 25 | 24 | 24 | 23 | 22 | 22 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 19 | 19 | 19 | 19 |
| Rain chance (%) | |
|---|---|
| 1 | 34 |
| 2 | 34 |
| 3 | 34 |
| 4 | 33 |
| 5 | 33 |
| 6 | 33 |
| 7 | 32 |
| 8 | 31 |
| 9 | 30 |
| 10 | 29 |
| 11 | 29 |
| 12 | 28 |
| 13 | 27 |
| 14 | 26 |
| 15 | 26 |
| 16 | 25 |
| 17 | 24 |
| 18 | 24 |
| 19 | 23 |
| 20 | 22 |
| 21 | 22 |
| 22 | 21 |
| 23 | 21 |
| 24 | 21 |
| 25 | 20 |
| 26 | 20 |
| 27 | 20 |
| 28 | 19 |
| 29 | 19 |
| 30 | 19 |
| 31 | 19 |
Humidity in May
Most of May feels dry — the stacked bands show each day's mix of comfort levels, read off the dew point.
By dew point, May lands in the dry band about 97% of days. It rarely turns muggy — the humid and sticky bands barely register.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dry (%) | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 99 | 99 | 99 | 99 | 99 | 99 | 99 | 98 | 98 | 98 | 97 | 97 | 97 | 97 | 96 | 96 | 96 | 95 | 95 | 95 | 94 | 94 | 94 | 94 |
| Comfortable (%) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 |
| Dry (%) | Comfortable (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 100 | 0 |
| 2 | 100 | 0 |
| 3 | 100 | 0 |
| 4 | 100 | 0 |
| 5 | 100 | 0 |
| 6 | 100 | 0 |
| 7 | 100 | 0 |
| 8 | 99 | 1 |
| 9 | 99 | 1 |
| 10 | 99 | 1 |
| 11 | 99 | 1 |
| 12 | 99 | 1 |
| 13 | 99 | 1 |
| 14 | 99 | 1 |
| 15 | 98 | 2 |
| 16 | 98 | 2 |
| 17 | 98 | 2 |
| 18 | 97 | 3 |
| 19 | 97 | 3 |
| 20 | 97 | 3 |
| 21 | 97 | 3 |
| 22 | 96 | 4 |
| 23 | 96 | 4 |
| 24 | 96 | 4 |
| 25 | 95 | 5 |
| 26 | 95 | 5 |
| 27 | 95 | 5 |
| 28 | 94 | 6 |
| 29 | 94 | 6 |
| 30 | 94 | 6 |
| 31 | 94 | 6 |
Wind in May
Winds average 7 km/h in May.
Across May, daily wind ranges from about 7 km/h on the calmest days to 8 km/h at its breeziest. It stays fairly steady from day to day.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wind speed (km/h) | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 |
| Feels | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm |
| Wind speed (km/h) | Feels | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 8 | calm |
| 2 | 8 | calm |
| 3 | 8 | calm |
| 4 | 8 | calm |
| 5 | 8 | calm |
| 6 | 8 | calm |
| 7 | 8 | calm |
| 8 | 8 | calm |
| 9 | 7 | calm |
| 10 | 7 | calm |
| 11 | 7 | calm |
| 12 | 7 | calm |
| 13 | 7 | calm |
| 14 | 7 | calm |
| 15 | 7 | calm |
| 16 | 7 | calm |
| 17 | 7 | calm |
| 18 | 7 | calm |
| 19 | 7 | calm |
| 20 | 7 | calm |
| 21 | 7 | calm |
| 22 | 7 | calm |
| 23 | 7 | calm |
| 24 | 7 | calm |
| 25 | 7 | calm |
| 26 | 7 | calm |
| 27 | 7 | calm |
| 28 | 7 | calm |
| 29 | 7 | calm |
| 30 | 7 | calm |
| 31 | 7 | calm |
Sunrise & sunset in May
Daylight runs from about 13 h 36 min at the start of May to 14 h 24 min by month's end. The lit band spans sunrise to sunset each day.
Days grow by about 48 minutes over May. Sunrise moves from 6:22 AM to 5:56 AM, and sunset from 7:56 PM to 8:22 PM.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Daylight (h) | 13.6 | 13.6 | 13.6 | 13.7 | 13.7 | 13.7 | 13.8 | 13.8 | 13.8 | 13.9 | 13.9 | 13.9 | 14.0 | 14.0 | 14.0 | 14.1 | 14.1 | 14.1 | 14.1 | 14.2 | 14.2 | 14.2 | 14.3 | 14.3 | 14.3 | 14.3 | 14.4 | 14.4 | 14.4 | 14.4 | 14.4 |
| Sunrise (AM) | 6:22 | 6:21 | 6:20 | 6:19 | 6:17 | 6:16 | 6:15 | 6:14 | 6:13 | 6:12 | 6:11 | 6:10 | 6:09 | 6:08 | 6:07 | 6:06 | 6:05 | 6:05 | 6:04 | 6:03 | 6:02 | 6:01 | 6:01 | 6:00 | 5:59 | 5:59 | 5:58 | 5:58 | 5:57 | 5:57 | 5:56 |
| Sunset (PM) | 7:56 | 7:57 | 7:58 | 7:59 | 8:00 | 8:01 | 8:02 | 8:03 | 8:04 | 8:05 | 8:06 | 8:06 | 8:07 | 8:08 | 8:09 | 8:10 | 8:11 | 8:12 | 8:13 | 8:14 | 8:14 | 8:15 | 8:16 | 8:17 | 8:18 | 8:19 | 8:19 | 8:20 | 8:21 | 8:22 | 8:22 |
| Daylight (h) | Sunrise (AM) | Sunset (PM) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 13.6 | 6:22 | 7:56 |
| 2 | 13.6 | 6:21 | 7:57 |
| 3 | 13.6 | 6:20 | 7:58 |
| 4 | 13.7 | 6:19 | 7:59 |
| 5 | 13.7 | 6:17 | 8:00 |
| 6 | 13.7 | 6:16 | 8:01 |
| 7 | 13.8 | 6:15 | 8:02 |
| 8 | 13.8 | 6:14 | 8:03 |
| 9 | 13.8 | 6:13 | 8:04 |
| 10 | 13.9 | 6:12 | 8:05 |
| 11 | 13.9 | 6:11 | 8:06 |
| 12 | 13.9 | 6:10 | 8:06 |
| 13 | 14.0 | 6:09 | 8:07 |
| 14 | 14.0 | 6:08 | 8:08 |
| 15 | 14.0 | 6:07 | 8:09 |
| 16 | 14.1 | 6:06 | 8:10 |
| 17 | 14.1 | 6:05 | 8:11 |
| 18 | 14.1 | 6:05 | 8:12 |
| 19 | 14.1 | 6:04 | 8:13 |
| 20 | 14.2 | 6:03 | 8:14 |
| 21 | 14.2 | 6:02 | 8:14 |
| 22 | 14.2 | 6:01 | 8:15 |
| 23 | 14.3 | 6:01 | 8:16 |
| 24 | 14.3 | 6:00 | 8:17 |
| 25 | 14.3 | 5:59 | 8:18 |
| 26 | 14.3 | 5:59 | 8:19 |
| 27 | 14.4 | 5:58 | 8:19 |
| 28 | 14.4 | 5:58 | 8:20 |
| 29 | 14.4 | 5:57 | 8:21 |
| 30 | 14.4 | 5:57 | 8:22 |
| 31 | 14.4 | 5:56 | 8:22 |
Solar energy in May
Average shortwave solar energy reaching the ground each day in May, about 6.77 kWh/m².
For context, solar energy here swings from a low near 2.11 kWh/m² to a high of 7.89 kWh/m² in July across the year — May's 6.77 kWh/m² falls in the middle.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | 6.2 | 6.2 | 6.3 | 6.3 | 6.3 | 6.4 | 6.4 | 6.4 | 6.5 | 6.5 | 6.6 | 6.6 | 6.7 | 6.7 | 6.8 | 6.8 | 6.9 | 6.9 | 6.9 | 7.0 | 7.0 | 7.0 | 7.1 | 7.1 | 7.1 | 7.1 | 7.2 | 7.2 | 7.2 | 7.2 | 7.2 |
| Level | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense |
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 6.2 | Intense |
| 2 | 6.2 | Intense |
| 3 | 6.3 | Intense |
| 4 | 6.3 | Intense |
| 5 | 6.3 | Intense |
| 6 | 6.4 | Intense |
| 7 | 6.4 | Intense |
| 8 | 6.4 | Intense |
| 9 | 6.5 | Intense |
| 10 | 6.5 | Intense |
| 11 | 6.6 | Intense |
| 12 | 6.6 | Intense |
| 13 | 6.7 | Intense |
| 14 | 6.7 | Intense |
| 15 | 6.8 | Intense |
| 16 | 6.8 | Intense |
| 17 | 6.9 | Intense |
| 18 | 6.9 | Intense |
| 19 | 6.9 | Intense |
| 20 | 7.0 | Intense |
| 21 | 7.0 | Intense |
| 22 | 7.0 | Intense |
| 23 | 7.1 | Intense |
| 24 | 7.1 | Intense |
| 25 | 7.1 | Intense |
| 26 | 7.1 | Intense |
| 27 | 7.2 | Intense |
| 28 | 7.2 | Intense |
| 29 | 7.2 | Intense |
| 30 | 7.2 | Intense |
| 31 | 7.2 | Intense |
Is May a good time to visit Campiña?
Our two travel scores rate May for general sightseeing and for beach or pool weather — 0 (poor) to 10 (ideal).
May is one of the better times to visit Campiña for general sightseeing.
What to pack for Campiña in May
From May's temperature range, rain chance, sun and wind — what's worth putting in the bag.
In May, Campiña sees daytime highs around 23°C and nights near 11°C. Pack sun protection. Worth having: light clothes and rain gear. About 8 days see rain.
UV index in Campiña in May
Clear-sky midday UV in May peaks around 7 — enough to warrant sun protection. The full-year curve, shaded by WHO exposure level, is below.
Under clear skies, the midday UV index in Campiña peaks around July 17 at about 10 (extreme) — sunscreen, a hat and midday shade are essential. It bottoms out near December 19 at about 2 (low).
The index reaches 3 or more — the level where the WHO recommends sun protection — in 8 months of the year.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UV index (midday) | 2 | 3 | 7 | 8 | 7 | 9 | 10 | 9 | 7 | 5 | 3 | 2 |
| Level | Moderate | Moderate | High | Very high | Very high | Very high | Extreme | Very high | High | Moderate | Moderate | Low |
| UV index (midday) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 2 | Moderate |
| Feb | 3 | Moderate |
| Mar | 7 | High |
| Apr | 8 | Very high |
| May | 7 | Very high |
| Jun | 9 | Very high |
| Jul | 10 | Extreme |
| Aug | 9 | Very high |
| Sep | 7 | High |
| Oct | 5 | Moderate |
| Nov | 3 | Moderate |
| Dec | 2 | Low |
Where is Campiña?
Campiña sits at 38.2°N, 3.0°W, 641 m above sea level, in Spain. The nearest listed city is Villanueva del Arzobispo, 6.0 km away.
Topography around Campiña
How much the land rises and falls, and what covers it, within 3, 16 and 80 km of Campiña.
Within 3 km, the terrain around Campiña has significant variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 553 m around an average of 635 m above sea level; within 16 km, very significant variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 1,299 m; within 80 km, very significant variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 2,138 m.
The land around Campiña is covered by trees (93%) within 3 km, trees (78%) within 16 km, and trees (49%), grassland (24%) and cropland (20%) within 80 km.
Spain travel facts
- Travel advisory
- Level 2
- Exercise Increased Caution
- Power plugs
- Type C / F
- 230 V · 50 Hz
- Prices
- ≈ 65% of US
- price level, 2025
- GDP per capita
- $38,627
- 2025
- Happiness
- 6.5 / 10
- World Happiness, 2025
- Safe drinking water
- 99%
- of population, 2024
- Homicide rate
- 0.7
- per 100k, 2023
- Road deaths
- 3.9
- per 100k/yr, 2019
- Income group
- High
- World Bank
- English
- Moderate
- EF EPI 540
- Religion
Sources: World Bank, US State Department, World Happiness Report, WHO/UNICEF, EF EPI, CIA World Factbook.
Data sources
Temperature, precipitation, cloud, humidity, wind and solar figures are a 1991–2020 climatology for Campiña (38.219°, -2.9807°, elevation 641 m), computed from hourly ERA5 reanalysis — contains modified Copernicus Climate Change Service information. Sun figures are astronomical calculations, not observations. City data © GeoNames, CC BY 4.0. Map outlines from Natural Earth (public domain); interactive map © Google. UV index is derived from CAMS (Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service) clear-sky UV data — contains modified Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service information. Topography is sampled from the Copernicus DEM GLO-90 elevation model (© ESA/Airbus) and ESA WorldCover 2021 land cover (CC BY 4.0).