Igunga weather in September
In September, Igunga sees average daytime highs of 33°C and overnight lows near 19°C, with 1 mm of rain across 0.4 wet days and about 12 hours of daylight. It is the 2nd-warmest and 9th-wettest month of the year here.
Day-to-day highs hold fairly steady near 33°C through the month. The sky is clear or mostly clear about 43% of the time in September, and the air most often feels dry.
Daylight stretches from about 11 h 54 min at the start of September to 12 hours by month's end. Set against the rest of the year, September is Igunga's 3rd-clearest and 3rd-windiest month. For the whole year in context, see Igunga's year-round climate.
- Daytime high
- 33°
- 2nd warmest
- Overnight low
- 19°
- 5th coldest
- Rainfall
- 1 mm
- 0.4 wet days
- Daylight
- 12 hours
- 6:39 AM – 6:38 PM
- Cloud cover
- 46%
- 3rd clearest
- Wind
- 11 km/h
- 3rd windiest
- Solar energy
- 7.12 kWh/m²
- Travel score
- 4.4
- out of 10
Temperature in September
Day-to-day highs hold fairly steady near 33°C through the month.
A typical September day in Igunga reaches about 33°C in the afternoon and slips back to 19°C overnight — a 14°C spread between the day's warmth and the night's chill. On most days the high lands between 32°C and 34°C. Set against its neighbours, September runs about 2°C warmer than August and on par with October.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Avg high (°C) | 32 | 32 | 32 | 32 | 32 | 32 | 33 | 33 | 33 | 33 | 33 | 33 | 33 | 33 | 33 | 33 | 33 | 33 | 33 | 33 | 33 | 33 | 33 | 33 | 33 | 33 | 34 | 34 | 34 | 34 |
| Avg low (°C) | 19 | 19 | 19 | 19 | 19 | 19 | 19 | 19 | 19 | 19 | 19 | 19 | 19 | 19 | 19 | 19 | 19 | 19 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 |
| Avg high (°C) | Avg low (°C) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 32 | 19 |
| 2 | 32 | 19 |
| 3 | 32 | 19 |
| 4 | 32 | 19 |
| 5 | 32 | 19 |
| 6 | 32 | 19 |
| 7 | 33 | 19 |
| 8 | 33 | 19 |
| 9 | 33 | 19 |
| 10 | 33 | 19 |
| 11 | 33 | 19 |
| 12 | 33 | 19 |
| 13 | 33 | 19 |
| 14 | 33 | 19 |
| 15 | 33 | 19 |
| 16 | 33 | 19 |
| 17 | 33 | 19 |
| 18 | 33 | 19 |
| 19 | 33 | 20 |
| 20 | 33 | 20 |
| 21 | 33 | 20 |
| 22 | 33 | 20 |
| 23 | 33 | 20 |
| 24 | 33 | 20 |
| 25 | 33 | 20 |
| 26 | 33 | 20 |
| 27 | 34 | 20 |
| 28 | 34 | 20 |
| 29 | 34 | 20 |
| 30 | 34 | 20 |
How September really feels in Igunga
Once humidity and wind are folded in, September averages 30 days that feel above 32°C and 0 that feel at or below 0°C — the comfort signal a plain temperature reading hides.
The story in September is heat — humidity pushes the afternoon "feels like" well above the raw temperature.
Igunga weather by month
How September compares with the rest of the year at a glance. September is the 2nd-warmest and 9th-wettest month here — the current month is highlighted below.
| Month | High / Low (°C) | Rainfall (mm) | Wet days | Daylight (hours) | Travel score |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 30° / 20° | 104 | 15.9 | 12.2 | 4.4 |
| Feb | 31° / 20° | 77 | 12.7 | 12.1 | 4.2 |
| Mar | 31° / 20° | 104 | 15.3 | 12 | 4.1 |
| Apr | 30° / 20° | 91 | 12.9 | 11.9 | 4.5 |
| May | 31° / 19° | 17 | 3.6 | 11.8 | 5.3 |
| Jun | 31° / 18° | 1 | 0.4 | 11.8 | 5.7 |
| Jul | 30° / 17° | 0 | 0 | 11.8 | 6.1 |
| Aug | 31° / 18° | 1 | 0.2 | 11.9 | 5.4 |
| Sep | 33° / 19° | 1 | 0.4 | 12 | 4.4 |
| Oct | 34° / 21° | 16 | 3.5 | 12.1 | 3.7 |
| Nov | 32° / 21° | 82 | 10.5 | 12.2 | 3.8 |
| Dec | 30° / 20° | 122 | 17 | 12.2 | 4.2 |
Cloud cover in September
The sky is clear or mostly clear about 43% of the time in September.
Beyond those clear spells, partly cloudy skies cover about 27% of September, with mostly cloudy or overcast conditions the remaining 31%.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clearer (%) | 72 | 71 | 71 | 71 | 71 | 71 | 71 | 71 | 71 | 70 | 71 | 70 | 70 | 71 | 71 | 71 | 71 | 71 | 70 | 70 | 69 | 69 | 68 | 68 | 67 | 67 | 67 | 65 | 65 | 64 |
| Cloudier (%) | 28 | 29 | 29 | 29 | 29 | 29 | 29 | 29 | 29 | 30 | 29 | 30 | 30 | 29 | 29 | 29 | 29 | 29 | 30 | 30 | 31 | 31 | 32 | 32 | 33 | 33 | 33 | 35 | 35 | 36 |
| Clearer (%) | Cloudier (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 72 | 28 |
| 2 | 71 | 29 |
| 3 | 71 | 29 |
| 4 | 71 | 29 |
| 5 | 71 | 29 |
| 6 | 71 | 29 |
| 7 | 71 | 29 |
| 8 | 71 | 29 |
| 9 | 71 | 29 |
| 10 | 70 | 30 |
| 11 | 71 | 29 |
| 12 | 70 | 30 |
| 13 | 70 | 30 |
| 14 | 71 | 29 |
| 15 | 71 | 29 |
| 16 | 71 | 29 |
| 17 | 71 | 29 |
| 18 | 71 | 29 |
| 19 | 70 | 30 |
| 20 | 70 | 30 |
| 21 | 69 | 31 |
| 22 | 69 | 31 |
| 23 | 68 | 32 |
| 24 | 68 | 32 |
| 25 | 67 | 33 |
| 26 | 67 | 33 |
| 27 | 67 | 33 |
| 28 | 65 | 35 |
| 29 | 65 | 35 |
| 30 | 64 | 36 |
Chance of precipitation in September
Igunga gets around 1 mm of rain over 0.4 wet days in September. The line is the day-by-day chance of measurable precipitation.
Day to day, the chance of measurable rain averages around 1% and peaks near 4% on the wettest days.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rain chance (%) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 4 |
| Rain chance (%) | |
|---|---|
| 1 | 1 |
| 2 | 1 |
| 3 | 1 |
| 4 | 1 |
| 5 | 1 |
| 6 | 1 |
| 7 | 1 |
| 8 | 1 |
| 9 | 1 |
| 10 | 1 |
| 11 | 1 |
| 12 | 1 |
| 13 | 1 |
| 14 | 1 |
| 15 | 1 |
| 16 | 1 |
| 17 | 1 |
| 18 | 1 |
| 19 | 1 |
| 20 | 1 |
| 21 | 1 |
| 22 | 1 |
| 23 | 1 |
| 24 | 2 |
| 25 | 2 |
| 26 | 2 |
| 27 | 3 |
| 28 | 3 |
| 29 | 3 |
| 30 | 4 |
Humidity in September
Most of September feels dry — the stacked bands show each day's mix of comfort levels, read off the dew point.
By dew point, September lands in the dry band about 95% of days. It rarely turns muggy — the humid and sticky bands barely register.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dry (%) | 96 | 96 | 96 | 96 | 96 | 96 | 96 | 96 | 96 | 96 | 96 | 96 | 96 | 96 | 96 | 96 | 96 | 96 | 95 | 95 | 95 | 94 | 94 | 94 | 92 | 92 | 91 | 91 | 90 | 89 |
| Comfortable (%) | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 6 | 6 | 7 | 7 | 8 | 8 |
| Humid (%) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 3 |
| Dry (%) | Comfortable (%) | Humid (%) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 96 | 3 | 1 |
| 2 | 96 | 3 | 1 |
| 3 | 96 | 3 | 1 |
| 4 | 96 | 3 | 1 |
| 5 | 96 | 3 | 1 |
| 6 | 96 | 3 | 1 |
| 7 | 96 | 3 | 1 |
| 8 | 96 | 3 | 1 |
| 9 | 96 | 3 | 1 |
| 10 | 96 | 3 | 1 |
| 11 | 96 | 3 | 1 |
| 12 | 96 | 3 | 1 |
| 13 | 96 | 3 | 1 |
| 14 | 96 | 3 | 1 |
| 15 | 96 | 3 | 1 |
| 16 | 96 | 3 | 1 |
| 17 | 96 | 3 | 1 |
| 18 | 96 | 3 | 1 |
| 19 | 95 | 4 | 1 |
| 20 | 95 | 4 | 1 |
| 21 | 95 | 4 | 1 |
| 22 | 94 | 5 | 1 |
| 23 | 94 | 5 | 1 |
| 24 | 94 | 5 | 1 |
| 25 | 92 | 6 | 2 |
| 26 | 92 | 6 | 2 |
| 27 | 91 | 7 | 2 |
| 28 | 91 | 7 | 2 |
| 29 | 90 | 8 | 2 |
| 30 | 89 | 8 | 3 |
Wind in September
Winds average 11 km/h in September.
Across September, daily wind ranges from about 11 km/h on the calmest days to 11 km/h at its breeziest. It stays fairly steady from day to day.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wind speed (km/h) | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 |
| Feels | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm |
| Wind speed (km/h) | Feels | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 11 | calm |
| 2 | 11 | calm |
| 3 | 11 | calm |
| 4 | 11 | calm |
| 5 | 11 | calm |
| 6 | 11 | calm |
| 7 | 11 | calm |
| 8 | 11 | calm |
| 9 | 11 | calm |
| 10 | 11 | calm |
| 11 | 11 | calm |
| 12 | 11 | calm |
| 13 | 11 | calm |
| 14 | 11 | calm |
| 15 | 11 | calm |
| 16 | 11 | calm |
| 17 | 11 | calm |
| 18 | 11 | calm |
| 19 | 11 | calm |
| 20 | 11 | calm |
| 21 | 11 | calm |
| 22 | 11 | calm |
| 23 | 11 | calm |
| 24 | 11 | calm |
| 25 | 11 | calm |
| 26 | 11 | calm |
| 27 | 11 | calm |
| 28 | 11 | calm |
| 29 | 11 | calm |
| 30 | 11 | calm |
Sunrise & sunset in September
Daylight runs from about 11 h 54 min at the start of September to 12 hours by month's end. The lit band spans sunrise to sunset each day.
Days grow by about 6 minutes over September. Sunrise moves from 6:47 AM to 6:33 AM, and sunset from 6:42 PM to 6:35 PM.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Daylight (h) | 11.9 | 11.9 | 11.9 | 11.9 | 11.9 | 11.9 | 11.9 | 11.9 | 11.9 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 |
| Sunrise (AM) | 6:47 | 6:46 | 6:46 | 6:45 | 6:45 | 6:44 | 6:44 | 6:43 | 6:43 | 6:42 | 6:42 | 6:41 | 6:41 | 6:40 | 6:40 | 6:39 | 6:39 | 6:38 | 6:38 | 6:38 | 6:37 | 6:37 | 6:36 | 6:36 | 6:35 | 6:35 | 6:34 | 6:34 | 6:33 | 6:33 |
| Sunset (PM) | 6:42 | 6:41 | 6:41 | 6:41 | 6:41 | 6:41 | 6:40 | 6:40 | 6:40 | 6:40 | 6:39 | 6:39 | 6:39 | 6:39 | 6:38 | 6:38 | 6:38 | 6:38 | 6:37 | 6:37 | 6:37 | 6:37 | 6:36 | 6:36 | 6:36 | 6:36 | 6:35 | 6:35 | 6:35 | 6:35 |
| Daylight (h) | Sunrise (AM) | Sunset (PM) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 11.9 | 6:47 | 6:42 |
| 2 | 11.9 | 6:46 | 6:41 |
| 3 | 11.9 | 6:46 | 6:41 |
| 4 | 11.9 | 6:45 | 6:41 |
| 5 | 11.9 | 6:45 | 6:41 |
| 6 | 11.9 | 6:44 | 6:41 |
| 7 | 11.9 | 6:44 | 6:40 |
| 8 | 11.9 | 6:43 | 6:40 |
| 9 | 11.9 | 6:43 | 6:40 |
| 10 | 12.0 | 6:42 | 6:40 |
| 11 | 12.0 | 6:42 | 6:39 |
| 12 | 12.0 | 6:41 | 6:39 |
| 13 | 12.0 | 6:41 | 6:39 |
| 14 | 12.0 | 6:40 | 6:39 |
| 15 | 12.0 | 6:40 | 6:38 |
| 16 | 12.0 | 6:39 | 6:38 |
| 17 | 12.0 | 6:39 | 6:38 |
| 18 | 12.0 | 6:38 | 6:38 |
| 19 | 12.0 | 6:38 | 6:37 |
| 20 | 12.0 | 6:38 | 6:37 |
| 21 | 12.0 | 6:37 | 6:37 |
| 22 | 12.0 | 6:37 | 6:37 |
| 23 | 12.0 | 6:36 | 6:36 |
| 24 | 12.0 | 6:36 | 6:36 |
| 25 | 12.0 | 6:35 | 6:36 |
| 26 | 12.0 | 6:35 | 6:36 |
| 27 | 12.0 | 6:34 | 6:35 |
| 28 | 12.0 | 6:34 | 6:35 |
| 29 | 12.0 | 6:33 | 6:35 |
| 30 | 12.0 | 6:33 | 6:35 |
Solar energy in September
Average shortwave solar energy reaching the ground each day in September, about 7.12 kWh/m² — the sunniest month for solar.
For context, solar energy here swings from a low near 5.89 kWh/m² to a high of 7.12 kWh/m² in September across the year — September's 7.12 kWh/m² sits near the top of that range.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | 6.9 | 6.9 | 6.9 | 6.9 | 6.9 | 6.9 | 7.0 | 7.0 | 7.0 | 7.0 | 7.0 | 7.1 | 7.1 | 7.1 | 7.1 | 7.1 | 7.2 | 7.2 | 7.2 | 7.2 | 7.2 | 7.2 | 7.3 | 7.3 | 7.3 | 7.3 | 7.3 | 7.3 | 7.3 | 7.3 |
| Level | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense |
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 6.9 | Intense |
| 2 | 6.9 | Intense |
| 3 | 6.9 | Intense |
| 4 | 6.9 | Intense |
| 5 | 6.9 | Intense |
| 6 | 6.9 | Intense |
| 7 | 7.0 | Intense |
| 8 | 7.0 | Intense |
| 9 | 7.0 | Intense |
| 10 | 7.0 | Intense |
| 11 | 7.0 | Intense |
| 12 | 7.1 | Intense |
| 13 | 7.1 | Intense |
| 14 | 7.1 | Intense |
| 15 | 7.1 | Intense |
| 16 | 7.1 | Intense |
| 17 | 7.2 | Intense |
| 18 | 7.2 | Intense |
| 19 | 7.2 | Intense |
| 20 | 7.2 | Intense |
| 21 | 7.2 | Intense |
| 22 | 7.2 | Intense |
| 23 | 7.3 | Intense |
| 24 | 7.3 | Intense |
| 25 | 7.3 | Intense |
| 26 | 7.3 | Intense |
| 27 | 7.3 | Intense |
| 28 | 7.3 | Intense |
| 29 | 7.3 | Intense |
| 30 | 7.3 | Intense |
Hazard calendar for Igunga
None of Igunga's seasonal hazards are active in September. The full-year calendar below shows when the rainy season, cyclone risk and dust haze do peak.
Igunga's rainy season runs November–April, when most of the year's rain falls.
Is September a good time to visit Igunga?
Our two travel scores rate September for general sightseeing and for beach or pool weather — 0 (poor) to 10 (ideal).
September is a reasonable time to visit Igunga for sightseeing. The water and warmth also suit a beach or pool day.
What to pack for Igunga in September
From September's temperature range, rain chance, sun and wind — what's worth putting in the bag.
In September, Igunga sees daytime highs around 33°C and nights near 19°C. Pack light clothes and sun protection.
UV index in Igunga in September
Clear-sky midday UV in September peaks around 13 (very high — sun protection essential). The full-year curve, shaded by WHO exposure level, is below.
Under clear skies, the midday UV index in Igunga peaks around March 11 at about 16 (extreme) — sunscreen, a hat and midday shade are essential. It bottoms out near June 17 at about 10 (extreme).
The index reaches 3 or more — the level where the WHO recommends sun protection — every month of the year.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UV index (midday) | 14 | 16 | 16 | 15 | 11 | 10 | 11 | 11 | 13 | 14 | 13 | 12 |
| Level | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme |
| UV index (midday) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 14 | Extreme |
| Feb | 16 | Extreme |
| Mar | 16 | Extreme |
| Apr | 15 | Extreme |
| May | 11 | Extreme |
| Jun | 10 | Extreme |
| Jul | 11 | Extreme |
| Aug | 11 | Extreme |
| Sep | 13 | Extreme |
| Oct | 14 | Extreme |
| Nov | 13 | Extreme |
| Dec | 12 | Extreme |
Where is Igunga?
Igunga sits at 4.3°S, 33.9°E, 1,090 m above sea level, in Tanzania. The nearest listed city is Shelui, 36 km away.
Topography around Igunga
How much the land rises and falls, and what covers it, within 3, 16 and 80 km of Igunga.
Within 3 km, the terrain around Igunga has only modest variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 31 m around an average of 1,076 m above sea level; within 16 km, only modest variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 247 m; within 80 km, large variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 760 m.
The land around Igunga is covered by cropland (47%) and grassland (26%) within 3 km, cropland (49%) and grassland (38%) within 16 km, and cropland (50%) and grassland (26%) within 80 km.
Tanzania travel facts
- Travel advisory
- Level 3
- Reconsider Travel
- Power plugs
- Type D / G
- 230 V · 50 Hz
- Prices
- ≈ 29% of US
- price level, 2025
- GDP per capita
- $1,319
- 2025
- Happiness
- 3.9 / 10
- World Happiness, 2025
- Safe drinking water
- 31%
- of population, 2024
- Homicide rate
- 3.7
- per 100k, 2020
- Road deaths
- 31.1
- per 100k/yr, 2019
- Income group
- Lower middle
- World Bank
- English
- Low
- EF EPI 479
- Religion
Sources: World Bank, US State Department, World Happiness Report, WHO/UNICEF, EF EPI, CIA World Factbook.
Data sources
Temperature, precipitation, cloud, humidity, wind and solar figures are a 1991–2020 climatology for Igunga (-4.2833°, 33.8833°, elevation 1,090 m), computed from hourly ERA5 reanalysis — contains modified Copernicus Climate Change Service information. Sun figures are astronomical calculations, not observations. City data © GeoNames, CC BY 4.0. Map outlines from Natural Earth (public domain); interactive map © Google. UV index is derived from CAMS (Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service) clear-sky UV data — contains modified Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service information. Topography is sampled from the Copernicus DEM GLO-90 elevation model (© ESA/Airbus) and ESA WorldCover 2021 land cover (CC BY 4.0).