Katerero weather in February
In February, Katerero sees average daytime highs of 25°C and overnight lows near 21°C, with 121 mm of rain across 20.3 wet days and about 12 hours of daylight. It is the 1st-warmest and 8th-wettest month of the year here.
Day-to-day highs hold fairly steady near 25°C through the month. The sky is clear or mostly clear about 20% of the time in February, and the air most often feels muggy.
Daylight stretches from about 12 h 06 min at the start of February to 12 hours by month's end. Set against the rest of the year, February is Katerero's 6th-clearest and 9th-windiest month. For the whole year in context, see Katerero's year-round climate.
- Daytime high
- 25°
- 1st warmest
- Overnight low
- 21°
- 12th coldest
- Rainfall
- 121 mm
- 20.3 wet days
- Daylight
- 12 hours
- 7:06 AM – 7:09 PM
- Cloud cover
- 67%
- 6th clearest
- Wind
- 10 km/h
- 9th windiest
- Solar energy
- 5.92 kWh/m²
- Travel score
- 4.9
- out of 10
Temperature in February
Day-to-day highs hold fairly steady near 25°C through the month.
A typical February day in Katerero reaches about 25°C in the afternoon and slips back to 21°C overnight — a 3°C spread between the day's warmth and the night's chill. On most days the high lands between 24°C and 26°C. Set against its neighbours, February runs on par with January and on par with March.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Avg high (°C) | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 |
| Avg low (°C) | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 |
| Avg high (°C) | Avg low (°C) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 25 | 21 |
| 2 | 25 | 21 |
| 3 | 25 | 21 |
| 4 | 25 | 21 |
| 5 | 25 | 21 |
| 6 | 25 | 21 |
| 7 | 25 | 21 |
| 8 | 25 | 21 |
| 9 | 25 | 21 |
| 10 | 25 | 21 |
| 11 | 25 | 21 |
| 12 | 25 | 21 |
| 13 | 25 | 21 |
| 14 | 25 | 21 |
| 15 | 25 | 21 |
| 16 | 25 | 21 |
| 17 | 25 | 21 |
| 18 | 25 | 21 |
| 19 | 25 | 21 |
| 20 | 25 | 21 |
| 21 | 25 | 21 |
| 22 | 25 | 21 |
| 23 | 25 | 21 |
| 24 | 25 | 21 |
| 25 | 25 | 21 |
| 26 | 25 | 21 |
| 27 | 25 | 21 |
| 28 | 25 | 21 |
Katerero weather by month
How February compares with the rest of the year at a glance. February is the 1st-warmest and 8th-wettest month here — the current month is highlighted below.
| Month | High / Low (°C) | Rainfall (mm) | Wet days | Daylight (hours) | Travel score |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 24° / 21° | 134 | 23.6 | 12.1 | 4.8 |
| Feb | 25° / 21° | 121 | 20.3 | 12 | 4.9 |
| Mar | 25° / 21° | 173 | 24.7 | 12 | 4.6 |
| Apr | 24° / 21° | 222 | 26.4 | 12 | 4.1 |
| May | 24° / 21° | 148 | 22.2 | 11.9 | 5.1 |
| Jun | 24° / 21° | 49 | 10.2 | 11.9 | 6.9 |
| Jul | 23° / 21° | 26 | 4.7 | 11.9 | 7.8 |
| Aug | 23° / 20° | 61 | 12.3 | 12 | 6.6 |
| Sep | 24° / 20° | 93 | 19.6 | 12 | 5.3 |
| Oct | 24° / 21° | 147 | 25.3 | 12 | 4.4 |
| Nov | 23° / 20° | 165 | 26.5 | 12.1 | 4.1 |
| Dec | 24° / 21° | 152 | 25.9 | 12.1 | 4.4 |
Cloud cover in February
The sky is clear or mostly clear about 20% of the time in February.
Beyond those clear spells, partly cloudy skies cover about 18% of February, with mostly cloudy or overcast conditions the remaining 63%.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clearer (%) | 39 | 40 | 40 | 40 | 40 | 40 | 40 | 40 | 39 | 39 | 39 | 39 | 38 | 38 | 37 | 37 | 36 | 36 | 36 | 36 | 36 | 36 | 35 | 35 | 35 | 35 | 34 | 34 |
| Cloudier (%) | 61 | 60 | 60 | 60 | 60 | 60 | 60 | 60 | 61 | 61 | 61 | 61 | 62 | 62 | 63 | 63 | 64 | 64 | 64 | 64 | 64 | 64 | 65 | 65 | 65 | 65 | 66 | 66 |
| Clearer (%) | Cloudier (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 39 | 61 |
| 2 | 40 | 60 |
| 3 | 40 | 60 |
| 4 | 40 | 60 |
| 5 | 40 | 60 |
| 6 | 40 | 60 |
| 7 | 40 | 60 |
| 8 | 40 | 60 |
| 9 | 39 | 61 |
| 10 | 39 | 61 |
| 11 | 39 | 61 |
| 12 | 39 | 61 |
| 13 | 38 | 62 |
| 14 | 38 | 62 |
| 15 | 37 | 63 |
| 16 | 37 | 63 |
| 17 | 36 | 64 |
| 18 | 36 | 64 |
| 19 | 36 | 64 |
| 20 | 36 | 64 |
| 21 | 36 | 64 |
| 22 | 36 | 64 |
| 23 | 35 | 65 |
| 24 | 35 | 65 |
| 25 | 35 | 65 |
| 26 | 35 | 65 |
| 27 | 34 | 66 |
| 28 | 34 | 66 |
Chance of precipitation in February
Katerero gets around 121 mm of rain over 20.3 wet days in February. The line is the day-by-day chance of measurable precipitation.
Day to day, the chance of measurable rain averages around 73% and peaks near 75% on the wettest days. The odds climb toward the end of the month.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rain chance (%) | 69 | 69 | 69 | 69 | 69 | 69 | 70 | 70 | 71 | 71 | 72 | 72 | 72 | 73 | 73 | 74 | 74 | 74 | 75 | 75 | 75 | 75 | 75 | 75 | 75 | 75 | 75 | 75 |
| Rain chance (%) | |
|---|---|
| 1 | 69 |
| 2 | 69 |
| 3 | 69 |
| 4 | 69 |
| 5 | 69 |
| 6 | 69 |
| 7 | 70 |
| 8 | 70 |
| 9 | 71 |
| 10 | 71 |
| 11 | 72 |
| 12 | 72 |
| 13 | 72 |
| 14 | 73 |
| 15 | 73 |
| 16 | 74 |
| 17 | 74 |
| 18 | 74 |
| 19 | 75 |
| 20 | 75 |
| 21 | 75 |
| 22 | 75 |
| 23 | 75 |
| 24 | 75 |
| 25 | 75 |
| 26 | 75 |
| 27 | 75 |
| 28 | 75 |
Humidity in February
Most of February feels muggy — the stacked bands show each day's mix of comfort levels, read off the dew point.
By dew point, February lands in the muggy band about 85% of days. Sticky, muggy-or-worse air turns up on roughly 85% of them.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Comfortable (%) | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Humid (%) | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 15 | 15 | 14 | 13 | 13 | 12 | 12 | 11 | 11 |
| Muggy (%) | 85 | 84 | 84 | 84 | 84 | 84 | 84 | 83 | 84 | 84 | 83 | 83 | 83 | 83 | 83 | 83 | 84 | 84 | 84 | 85 | 85 | 86 | 87 | 87 | 88 | 88 | 89 | 89 |
| Comfortable (%) | Humid (%) | Muggy (%) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 0 | 15 | 85 |
| 2 | 1 | 15 | 84 |
| 3 | 1 | 15 | 84 |
| 4 | 1 | 15 | 84 |
| 5 | 1 | 15 | 84 |
| 6 | 1 | 15 | 84 |
| 7 | 1 | 15 | 84 |
| 8 | 1 | 16 | 83 |
| 9 | 0 | 16 | 84 |
| 10 | 0 | 16 | 84 |
| 11 | 0 | 17 | 83 |
| 12 | 0 | 17 | 83 |
| 13 | 0 | 17 | 83 |
| 14 | 0 | 17 | 83 |
| 15 | 0 | 17 | 83 |
| 16 | 0 | 17 | 83 |
| 17 | 0 | 16 | 84 |
| 18 | 0 | 16 | 84 |
| 19 | 0 | 16 | 84 |
| 20 | 0 | 15 | 85 |
| 21 | 0 | 15 | 85 |
| 22 | 0 | 14 | 86 |
| 23 | 0 | 13 | 87 |
| 24 | 0 | 13 | 87 |
| 25 | 0 | 12 | 88 |
| 26 | 0 | 12 | 88 |
| 27 | 0 | 11 | 89 |
| 28 | 0 | 11 | 89 |
Wind in February
Winds average 10 km/h in February.
Across February, daily wind ranges from about 9 km/h on the calmest days to 10 km/h at its breeziest. It stays fairly steady from day to day.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wind speed (km/h) | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 |
| Feels | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm |
| Wind speed (km/h) | Feels | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 9 | calm |
| 2 | 9 | calm |
| 3 | 9 | calm |
| 4 | 9 | calm |
| 5 | 9 | calm |
| 6 | 9 | calm |
| 7 | 9 | calm |
| 8 | 9 | calm |
| 9 | 10 | calm |
| 10 | 10 | calm |
| 11 | 10 | calm |
| 12 | 10 | calm |
| 13 | 10 | calm |
| 14 | 10 | calm |
| 15 | 10 | calm |
| 16 | 10 | calm |
| 17 | 10 | calm |
| 18 | 10 | calm |
| 19 | 10 | calm |
| 20 | 10 | calm |
| 21 | 10 | calm |
| 22 | 10 | calm |
| 23 | 10 | calm |
| 24 | 10 | calm |
| 25 | 10 | calm |
| 26 | 10 | calm |
| 27 | 10 | calm |
| 28 | 10 | calm |
Sunrise & sunset in February
Daylight runs from about 12 h 06 min at the start of February to 12 hours by month's end. The lit band spans sunrise to sunset each day.
Days shrink by about 6 minutes over February. Sunrise moves from 7:05 AM to 7:06 AM, and sunset from 7:08 PM to 7:07 PM.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Daylight (h) | 12.1 | 12.1 | 12.1 | 12.1 | 12.1 | 12.1 | 12.1 | 12.1 | 12.1 | 12.1 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 |
| Sunrise (AM) | 7:05 | 7:05 | 7:05 | 7:05 | 7:05 | 7:06 | 7:06 | 7:06 | 7:06 | 7:06 | 7:06 | 7:06 | 7:06 | 7:06 | 7:06 | 7:06 | 7:06 | 7:06 | 7:06 | 7:06 | 7:06 | 7:06 | 7:06 | 7:06 | 7:06 | 7:06 | 7:06 | 7:06 |
| Sunset (PM) | 7:08 | 7:09 | 7:09 | 7:09 | 7:09 | 7:09 | 7:09 | 7:09 | 7:09 | 7:09 | 7:09 | 7:09 | 7:09 | 7:09 | 7:09 | 7:09 | 7:09 | 7:09 | 7:09 | 7:09 | 7:09 | 7:08 | 7:08 | 7:08 | 7:08 | 7:08 | 7:08 | 7:07 |
| Daylight (h) | Sunrise (AM) | Sunset (PM) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 12.1 | 7:05 | 7:08 |
| 2 | 12.1 | 7:05 | 7:09 |
| 3 | 12.1 | 7:05 | 7:09 |
| 4 | 12.1 | 7:05 | 7:09 |
| 5 | 12.1 | 7:05 | 7:09 |
| 6 | 12.1 | 7:06 | 7:09 |
| 7 | 12.1 | 7:06 | 7:09 |
| 8 | 12.1 | 7:06 | 7:09 |
| 9 | 12.1 | 7:06 | 7:09 |
| 10 | 12.1 | 7:06 | 7:09 |
| 11 | 12.0 | 7:06 | 7:09 |
| 12 | 12.0 | 7:06 | 7:09 |
| 13 | 12.0 | 7:06 | 7:09 |
| 14 | 12.0 | 7:06 | 7:09 |
| 15 | 12.0 | 7:06 | 7:09 |
| 16 | 12.0 | 7:06 | 7:09 |
| 17 | 12.0 | 7:06 | 7:09 |
| 18 | 12.0 | 7:06 | 7:09 |
| 19 | 12.0 | 7:06 | 7:09 |
| 20 | 12.0 | 7:06 | 7:09 |
| 21 | 12.0 | 7:06 | 7:09 |
| 22 | 12.0 | 7:06 | 7:08 |
| 23 | 12.0 | 7:06 | 7:08 |
| 24 | 12.0 | 7:06 | 7:08 |
| 25 | 12.0 | 7:06 | 7:08 |
| 26 | 12.0 | 7:06 | 7:08 |
| 27 | 12.0 | 7:06 | 7:08 |
| 28 | 12.0 | 7:06 | 7:07 |
Solar energy in February
Average shortwave solar energy reaching the ground each day in February, about 5.92 kWh/m² — the sunniest month for solar.
For context, solar energy here swings from a low near 4.95 kWh/m² to a high of 5.92 kWh/m² in February across the year — February's 5.92 kWh/m² sits near the top of that range.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | 5.8 | 5.8 | 5.9 | 5.9 | 5.9 | 5.9 | 5.9 | 5.9 | 5.9 | 5.9 | 5.9 | 5.9 | 5.9 | 5.9 | 5.9 | 5.9 | 5.9 | 5.9 | 5.9 | 5.9 | 5.9 | 5.9 | 5.9 | 5.9 | 5.9 | 5.9 | 5.9 | 5.9 |
| Level | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright |
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 5.8 | Bright |
| 2 | 5.8 | Bright |
| 3 | 5.9 | Bright |
| 4 | 5.9 | Bright |
| 5 | 5.9 | Bright |
| 6 | 5.9 | Bright |
| 7 | 5.9 | Bright |
| 8 | 5.9 | Bright |
| 9 | 5.9 | Bright |
| 10 | 5.9 | Bright |
| 11 | 5.9 | Bright |
| 12 | 5.9 | Bright |
| 13 | 5.9 | Bright |
| 14 | 5.9 | Bright |
| 15 | 5.9 | Bright |
| 16 | 5.9 | Bright |
| 17 | 5.9 | Bright |
| 18 | 5.9 | Bright |
| 19 | 5.9 | Bright |
| 20 | 5.9 | Bright |
| 21 | 5.9 | Bright |
| 22 | 5.9 | Bright |
| 23 | 5.9 | Bright |
| 24 | 5.9 | Bright |
| 25 | 5.9 | Bright |
| 26 | 5.9 | Bright |
| 27 | 5.9 | Bright |
| 28 | 5.9 | Bright |
Is February a good time to visit Katerero?
Our two travel scores rate February for general sightseeing and for beach or pool weather — 0 (poor) to 10 (ideal).
February is a reasonable time to visit Katerero for sightseeing.
What to pack for Katerero in February
From February's temperature range, rain chance, sun and wind — what's worth putting in the bag.
In February, Katerero sees daytime highs around 25°C and nights near 21°C. Pack rain gear. Worth having: light clothes and sun protection. About 20 days see rain.
UV index in Katerero in February
Clear-sky midday UV in February peaks around 15 (very high — sun protection essential). The full-year curve, shaded by WHO exposure level, is below.
Under clear skies, the midday UV index in Katerero peaks around March 17 at about 16 (extreme) — sunscreen, a hat and midday shade are essential. It bottoms out near June 19 at about 10 (extreme).
The index reaches 3 or more — the level where the WHO recommends sun protection — every month of the year.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UV index (midday) | 12 | 15 | 16 | 15 | 12 | 10 | 11 | 10 | 13 | 13 | 12 | 11 |
| Level | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme |
| UV index (midday) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 12 | Extreme |
| Feb | 15 | Extreme |
| Mar | 16 | Extreme |
| Apr | 15 | Extreme |
| May | 12 | Extreme |
| Jun | 10 | Extreme |
| Jul | 11 | Extreme |
| Aug | 10 | Extreme |
| Sep | 13 | Extreme |
| Oct | 13 | Extreme |
| Nov | 12 | Extreme |
| Dec | 11 | Extreme |
Air quality in Katerero in February
Average fine-particle pollution (PM2.5) through the year — so you can see where February falls, not just the annual average.
Air quality in Katerero is worst in January — around 28 µg/m³ PM2.5 (moderate), about 2.1× the cleanest month (April, 13 µg/m³).
Modeled monthly averages (CAMS reanalysis, 2015–2024).
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PM2.5 (µg/m³) | 28 | 24 | 18 | 13 | 14 | 20 | 24 | 26 | 21 | 16 | 16 | 20 |
| Level | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate |
| PM2.5 (µg/m³) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 28 | Moderate |
| Feb | 24 | Moderate |
| Mar | 18 | Moderate |
| Apr | 13 | Moderate |
| May | 14 | Moderate |
| Jun | 20 | Moderate |
| Jul | 24 | Moderate |
| Aug | 26 | Moderate |
| Sep | 21 | Moderate |
| Oct | 16 | Moderate |
| Nov | 16 | Moderate |
| Dec | 20 | Moderate |
Where is Katerero?
Katerero sits at 1.4°S, 31.7°E, 1,164 m above sea level, in Tanzania. The nearest listed city is Bukoba, 12 km away.
Topography around Katerero
How much the land rises and falls, and what covers it, within 3, 16 and 80 km of Katerero.
Within 3 km, the terrain around Katerero has only modest variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 179 m around an average of 1,192 m above sea level; within 16 km, significant variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 278 m; within 80 km, large variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 601 m.
The land around Katerero is covered by grassland (44%), trees (30%) and shrubs (21%) within 3 km, grassland (30%), trees (28%) and water (21%) within 16 km, and water (48%) and grassland (24%) within 80 km.
Tanzania travel facts
- Travel advisory
- Level 3
- Reconsider Travel
- Power plugs
- Type D / G
- 230 V · 50 Hz
- Prices
- ≈ 29% of US
- price level, 2025
- GDP per capita
- $1,319
- 2025
- Happiness
- 3.9 / 10
- World Happiness, 2025
- Safe drinking water
- 31%
- of population, 2024
- Homicide rate
- 3.7
- per 100k, 2020
- Road deaths
- 31.1
- per 100k/yr, 2019
- Income group
- Lower middle
- World Bank
- English
- Low
- EF EPI 479
- Religion
Sources: World Bank, US State Department, World Happiness Report, WHO/UNICEF, EF EPI, CIA World Factbook.
Data sources
Temperature, precipitation, cloud, humidity, wind and solar figures are a 1991–2020 climatology for Katerero (-1.4°, 31.7333°, elevation 1,164 m), computed from hourly ERA5 reanalysis — contains modified Copernicus Climate Change Service information. Sun figures are astronomical calculations, not observations. City data © GeoNames, CC BY 4.0. Map outlines from Natural Earth (public domain); interactive map © Google. UV index is derived from CAMS (Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service) clear-sky UV data — contains modified Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service information. Monthly air-quality (PM2.5) seasonality is from the CAMS EAC4 reanalysis (Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service), scaled to the WHO annual mean where available. Topography is sampled from the Copernicus DEM GLO-90 elevation model (© ESA/Airbus) and ESA WorldCover 2021 land cover (CC BY 4.0).