Katesh weather in April
In April, Katesh sees average daytime highs of 24°C and overnight lows near 16°C, with 101 mm of rain across 15.8 wet days and about 11.9 hours of daylight. It is the 8th-warmest and 5th-wettest month of the year here.
Day-to-day highs hold fairly steady near 24°C through the month. The sky is clear or mostly clear about 11% of the time in April, and the air most often feels comfortable.
Daylight stretches from about 12 hours at the start of April to 11 h 48 min by month's end. Set against the rest of the year, April is Katesh's 12th-clearest and 7th-windiest month. For the whole year in context, see Katesh's year-round climate.
- Daytime high
- 24°
- 8th warmest
- Overnight low
- 16°
- 10th coldest
- Rainfall
- 101 mm
- 15.8 wet days
- Daylight
- 11 h 54 min
- 6:42 AM – 6:36 PM
- Cloud cover
- 68%
- 12th clearest
- Wind
- 10 km/h
- 7th windiest
- Solar energy
- 5.54 kWh/m²
- Travel score
- 5.9
- out of 10
Katesh is town in Manyara Region, Tanzania.
Air quality: WHO Ambient Air Quality Database. Density & description: Wikidata (CC0), GeoNames.
Temperature in April
Day-to-day highs hold fairly steady near 24°C through the month.
A typical April day in Katesh reaches about 24°C in the afternoon and slips back to 16°C overnight — a 8°C spread between the day's warmth and the night's chill. On most days the high lands between 22°C and 26°C. Set against its neighbours, April runs about 1°C cooler than March and about 1°C warmer than May.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Avg high (°C) | 25 | 25 | 25 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 23 | 23 | 23 | 23 | 23 |
| Avg low (°C) | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 |
| Avg high (°C) | Avg low (°C) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 25 | 16 |
| 2 | 25 | 16 |
| 3 | 25 | 16 |
| 4 | 24 | 16 |
| 5 | 24 | 16 |
| 6 | 24 | 16 |
| 7 | 24 | 16 |
| 8 | 24 | 16 |
| 9 | 24 | 16 |
| 10 | 24 | 16 |
| 11 | 24 | 16 |
| 12 | 24 | 16 |
| 13 | 24 | 16 |
| 14 | 24 | 16 |
| 15 | 24 | 16 |
| 16 | 24 | 16 |
| 17 | 24 | 16 |
| 18 | 24 | 16 |
| 19 | 24 | 16 |
| 20 | 24 | 16 |
| 21 | 24 | 16 |
| 22 | 24 | 16 |
| 23 | 24 | 16 |
| 24 | 24 | 15 |
| 25 | 24 | 15 |
| 26 | 23 | 15 |
| 27 | 23 | 15 |
| 28 | 23 | 15 |
| 29 | 23 | 15 |
| 30 | 23 | 15 |
Katesh weather by month
How April compares with the rest of the year at a glance. April is the 8th-warmest and 5th-wettest month here — the current month is highlighted below.
| Month | High / Low (°C) | Rainfall (mm) | Wet days | Daylight (hours) | Travel score |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 25° / 16° | 204 | 14.7 | 12.2 | 6.0 |
| Feb | 26° / 16° | 154 | 11.9 | 12.1 | 6.1 |
| Mar | 25° / 16° | 162 | 14.5 | 12 | 6.1 |
| Apr | 24° / 16° | 101 | 15.8 | 11.9 | 5.9 |
| May | 23° / 14° | 39 | 8 | 11.8 | 7.0 |
| Jun | 22° / 12° | 3 | 1 | 11.7 | 7.9 |
| Jul | 22° / 11° | 2 | 0.6 | 11.8 | 8.1 |
| Aug | 23° / 12° | 2 | 0.5 | 11.9 | 8.3 |
| Sep | 25° / 13° | 1 | 0.4 | 12 | 8.6 |
| Oct | 26° / 14° | 10 | 2.3 | 12.1 | 7.9 |
| Nov | 26° / 15° | 60 | 6.8 | 12.2 | 7.1 |
| Dec | 26° / 16° | 160 | 12.9 | 12.3 | 6.2 |
Cloud cover in April
The sky is clear or mostly clear about 11% of the time in April, the cloudiest month of the year.
Beyond those clear spells, partly cloudy skies cover about 25% of April, with mostly cloudy or overcast conditions the remaining 64%. Skies tend to cloud over as the month goes on.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clearer (%) | 39 | 39 | 39 | 38 | 38 | 37 | 36 | 37 | 36 | 36 | 37 | 36 | 36 | 37 | 37 | 37 | 38 | 38 | 37 | 37 | 37 | 36 | 36 | 35 | 35 | 35 | 34 | 34 | 33 | 33 |
| Cloudier (%) | 61 | 61 | 61 | 62 | 62 | 63 | 64 | 63 | 64 | 64 | 63 | 64 | 64 | 63 | 63 | 63 | 62 | 62 | 63 | 63 | 63 | 64 | 64 | 65 | 65 | 65 | 66 | 66 | 67 | 67 |
| Clearer (%) | Cloudier (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 39 | 61 |
| 2 | 39 | 61 |
| 3 | 39 | 61 |
| 4 | 38 | 62 |
| 5 | 38 | 62 |
| 6 | 37 | 63 |
| 7 | 36 | 64 |
| 8 | 37 | 63 |
| 9 | 36 | 64 |
| 10 | 36 | 64 |
| 11 | 37 | 63 |
| 12 | 36 | 64 |
| 13 | 36 | 64 |
| 14 | 37 | 63 |
| 15 | 37 | 63 |
| 16 | 37 | 63 |
| 17 | 38 | 62 |
| 18 | 38 | 62 |
| 19 | 37 | 63 |
| 20 | 37 | 63 |
| 21 | 37 | 63 |
| 22 | 36 | 64 |
| 23 | 36 | 64 |
| 24 | 35 | 65 |
| 25 | 35 | 65 |
| 26 | 35 | 65 |
| 27 | 34 | 66 |
| 28 | 34 | 66 |
| 29 | 33 | 67 |
| 30 | 33 | 67 |
Chance of precipitation in April
Katesh gets around 101 mm of rain over 15.8 wet days in April. The line is the day-by-day chance of measurable precipitation.
Day to day, the chance of measurable rain averages around 52% and peaks near 58% on the wettest days. The odds ease toward the end of the month.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rain chance (%) | 57 | 58 | 58 | 58 | 58 | 58 | 57 | 57 | 56 | 56 | 55 | 54 | 54 | 53 | 52 | 51 | 50 | 50 | 49 | 49 | 49 | 49 | 48 | 48 | 48 | 48 | 47 | 47 | 46 | 45 |
| Rain chance (%) | |
|---|---|
| 1 | 57 |
| 2 | 58 |
| 3 | 58 |
| 4 | 58 |
| 5 | 58 |
| 6 | 58 |
| 7 | 57 |
| 8 | 57 |
| 9 | 56 |
| 10 | 56 |
| 11 | 55 |
| 12 | 54 |
| 13 | 54 |
| 14 | 53 |
| 15 | 52 |
| 16 | 51 |
| 17 | 50 |
| 18 | 50 |
| 19 | 49 |
| 20 | 49 |
| 21 | 49 |
| 22 | 49 |
| 23 | 48 |
| 24 | 48 |
| 25 | 48 |
| 26 | 48 |
| 27 | 47 |
| 28 | 47 |
| 29 | 46 |
| 30 | 45 |
Humidity in April
Most of April feels comfortable — the stacked bands show each day's mix of comfort levels, read off the dew point.
By dew point, April lands in the comfortable band about 54% of days. It rarely turns muggy — the humid and sticky bands barely register.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dry (%) | 4 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 5 |
| Comfortable (%) | 36 | 36 | 37 | 38 | 39 | 40 | 42 | 43 | 44 | 46 | 48 | 49 | 50 | 52 | 54 | 56 | 58 | 59 | 61 | 62 | 63 | 64 | 64 | 66 | 67 | 68 | 69 | 69 | 70 | 70 |
| Humid (%) | 60 | 60 | 60 | 59 | 58 | 57 | 56 | 55 | 54 | 52 | 50 | 49 | 48 | 46 | 44 | 42 | 40 | 39 | 37 | 36 | 35 | 34 | 33 | 31 | 30 | 29 | 28 | 27 | 26 | 25 |
| Dry (%) | Comfortable (%) | Humid (%) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 4 | 36 | 60 |
| 2 | 4 | 36 | 60 |
| 3 | 3 | 37 | 60 |
| 4 | 3 | 38 | 59 |
| 5 | 3 | 39 | 58 |
| 6 | 3 | 40 | 57 |
| 7 | 2 | 42 | 56 |
| 8 | 2 | 43 | 55 |
| 9 | 2 | 44 | 54 |
| 10 | 2 | 46 | 52 |
| 11 | 2 | 48 | 50 |
| 12 | 2 | 49 | 49 |
| 13 | 2 | 50 | 48 |
| 14 | 2 | 52 | 46 |
| 15 | 2 | 54 | 44 |
| 16 | 2 | 56 | 42 |
| 17 | 2 | 58 | 40 |
| 18 | 2 | 59 | 39 |
| 19 | 2 | 61 | 37 |
| 20 | 2 | 62 | 36 |
| 21 | 2 | 63 | 35 |
| 22 | 2 | 64 | 34 |
| 23 | 3 | 64 | 33 |
| 24 | 3 | 66 | 31 |
| 25 | 3 | 67 | 30 |
| 26 | 3 | 68 | 29 |
| 27 | 3 | 69 | 28 |
| 28 | 4 | 69 | 27 |
| 29 | 4 | 70 | 26 |
| 30 | 5 | 70 | 25 |
Wind in April
Winds average 10 km/h in April.
Across April, daily wind ranges from about 9 km/h on the calmest days to 11 km/h at its breeziest. It stays fairly steady from day to day.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wind speed (km/h) | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 |
| Feels | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm |
| Wind speed (km/h) | Feels | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 9 | calm |
| 2 | 9 | calm |
| 3 | 9 | calm |
| 4 | 9 | calm |
| 5 | 9 | calm |
| 6 | 10 | calm |
| 7 | 10 | calm |
| 8 | 10 | calm |
| 9 | 10 | calm |
| 10 | 10 | calm |
| 11 | 10 | calm |
| 12 | 10 | calm |
| 13 | 10 | calm |
| 14 | 10 | calm |
| 15 | 10 | calm |
| 16 | 10 | calm |
| 17 | 10 | calm |
| 18 | 10 | calm |
| 19 | 10 | calm |
| 20 | 11 | calm |
| 21 | 11 | calm |
| 22 | 11 | calm |
| 23 | 11 | calm |
| 24 | 11 | calm |
| 25 | 11 | calm |
| 26 | 11 | calm |
| 27 | 11 | calm |
| 28 | 11 | calm |
| 29 | 11 | calm |
| 30 | 11 | calm |
Sunrise & sunset in April
Daylight runs from about 12 hours at the start of April to 11 h 48 min by month's end. The lit band spans sunrise to sunset each day.
Days shrink by about 12 minutes over April. Sunrise moves from 6:44 AM to 6:40 AM, and sunset from 6:42 PM to 6:31 PM.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Daylight (h) | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 11.9 | 11.9 | 11.9 | 11.9 | 11.9 | 11.9 | 11.9 | 11.9 | 11.9 | 11.9 | 11.9 | 11.9 | 11.9 | 11.9 | 11.9 | 11.9 | 11.9 | 11.9 | 11.9 | 11.9 | 11.9 | 11.9 | 11.9 | 11.9 | 11.9 | 11.8 |
| Sunrise (AM) | 6:44 | 6:44 | 6:44 | 6:44 | 6:43 | 6:43 | 6:43 | 6:43 | 6:43 | 6:43 | 6:42 | 6:42 | 6:42 | 6:42 | 6:42 | 6:42 | 6:42 | 6:41 | 6:41 | 6:41 | 6:41 | 6:41 | 6:41 | 6:41 | 6:41 | 6:41 | 6:41 | 6:40 | 6:40 | 6:40 |
| Sunset (PM) | 6:42 | 6:42 | 6:41 | 6:41 | 6:40 | 6:40 | 6:39 | 6:39 | 6:39 | 6:38 | 6:38 | 6:37 | 6:37 | 6:36 | 6:36 | 6:36 | 6:35 | 6:35 | 6:35 | 6:34 | 6:34 | 6:34 | 6:33 | 6:33 | 6:33 | 6:32 | 6:32 | 6:32 | 6:31 | 6:31 |
| Daylight (h) | Sunrise (AM) | Sunset (PM) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 12.0 | 6:44 | 6:42 |
| 2 | 12.0 | 6:44 | 6:42 |
| 3 | 12.0 | 6:44 | 6:41 |
| 4 | 12.0 | 6:44 | 6:41 |
| 5 | 11.9 | 6:43 | 6:40 |
| 6 | 11.9 | 6:43 | 6:40 |
| 7 | 11.9 | 6:43 | 6:39 |
| 8 | 11.9 | 6:43 | 6:39 |
| 9 | 11.9 | 6:43 | 6:39 |
| 10 | 11.9 | 6:43 | 6:38 |
| 11 | 11.9 | 6:42 | 6:38 |
| 12 | 11.9 | 6:42 | 6:37 |
| 13 | 11.9 | 6:42 | 6:37 |
| 14 | 11.9 | 6:42 | 6:36 |
| 15 | 11.9 | 6:42 | 6:36 |
| 16 | 11.9 | 6:42 | 6:36 |
| 17 | 11.9 | 6:42 | 6:35 |
| 18 | 11.9 | 6:41 | 6:35 |
| 19 | 11.9 | 6:41 | 6:35 |
| 20 | 11.9 | 6:41 | 6:34 |
| 21 | 11.9 | 6:41 | 6:34 |
| 22 | 11.9 | 6:41 | 6:34 |
| 23 | 11.9 | 6:41 | 6:33 |
| 24 | 11.9 | 6:41 | 6:33 |
| 25 | 11.9 | 6:41 | 6:33 |
| 26 | 11.9 | 6:41 | 6:32 |
| 27 | 11.9 | 6:41 | 6:32 |
| 28 | 11.9 | 6:40 | 6:32 |
| 29 | 11.9 | 6:40 | 6:31 |
| 30 | 11.8 | 6:40 | 6:31 |
Solar energy in April
Average shortwave solar energy reaching the ground each day in April, about 5.54 kWh/m².
For context, solar energy here swings from a low near 5 kWh/m² to a high of 6.86 kWh/m² in October across the year — April's 5.54 kWh/m² falls in the middle.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | 5.9 | 5.8 | 5.8 | 5.8 | 5.8 | 5.7 | 5.7 | 5.7 | 5.7 | 5.7 | 5.6 | 5.6 | 5.6 | 5.6 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.4 | 5.4 | 5.4 | 5.3 | 5.3 | 5.3 | 5.3 | 5.2 | 5.2 | 5.2 |
| Level | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright |
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 5.9 | Bright |
| 2 | 5.8 | Bright |
| 3 | 5.8 | Bright |
| 4 | 5.8 | Bright |
| 5 | 5.8 | Bright |
| 6 | 5.7 | Bright |
| 7 | 5.7 | Bright |
| 8 | 5.7 | Bright |
| 9 | 5.7 | Bright |
| 10 | 5.7 | Bright |
| 11 | 5.6 | Bright |
| 12 | 5.6 | Bright |
| 13 | 5.6 | Bright |
| 14 | 5.6 | Bright |
| 15 | 5.5 | Bright |
| 16 | 5.5 | Bright |
| 17 | 5.5 | Bright |
| 18 | 5.5 | Bright |
| 19 | 5.5 | Bright |
| 20 | 5.5 | Bright |
| 21 | 5.4 | Bright |
| 22 | 5.4 | Bright |
| 23 | 5.4 | Bright |
| 24 | 5.3 | Bright |
| 25 | 5.3 | Bright |
| 26 | 5.3 | Bright |
| 27 | 5.3 | Bright |
| 28 | 5.2 | Bright |
| 29 | 5.2 | Bright |
| 30 | 5.2 | Bright |
Hazard calendar for Katesh
In April, Katesh sits inside its monsoon season. The full year is below, with each hazard's peak months called out.
Katesh's monsoon runs December–April, when most of the year's rain falls.
Is April a good time to visit Katesh?
Our two travel scores rate April for general sightseeing and for beach or pool weather — 0 (poor) to 10 (ideal).
April is a reasonable time to visit Katesh for sightseeing.
What to pack for Katesh in April
From April's temperature range, rain chance, sun and wind — what's worth putting in the bag.
In April, Katesh sees daytime highs around 24°C and nights near 16°C. Pack rain gear. Worth having: light clothes and sun protection. About 16 days see rain.
UV index in Katesh in April
Clear-sky midday UV in April peaks around 15 (very high — sun protection essential). The full-year curve, shaded by WHO exposure level, is below.
Under clear skies, the midday UV index in Katesh peaks around March 14 at about 16 (extreme) — sunscreen, a hat and midday shade are essential. It bottoms out near June 17 at about 11 (extreme).
The index reaches 3 or more — the level where the WHO recommends sun protection — every month of the year.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UV index (midday) | 14 | 16 | 16 | 15 | 12 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 14 | 15 | 14 | 13 |
| Level | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme |
| UV index (midday) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 14 | Extreme |
| Feb | 16 | Extreme |
| Mar | 16 | Extreme |
| Apr | 15 | Extreme |
| May | 12 | Extreme |
| Jun | 10 | Extreme |
| Jul | 11 | Extreme |
| Aug | 12 | Extreme |
| Sep | 14 | Extreme |
| Oct | 15 | Extreme |
| Nov | 14 | Extreme |
| Dec | 13 | Extreme |
Where is Katesh?
Katesh sits at 4.5°S, 35.4°E, 1,724 m above sea level, in Tanzania. The nearest listed city is Nangwa, 10 km away.
Topography around Katesh
How much the land rises and falls, and what covers it, within 3, 16 and 80 km of Katesh.
Within 3 km, the terrain around Katesh has significant variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 345 m around an average of 1,739 m above sea level; within 16 km, very significant variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 1,961 m; within 80 km, very significant variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 2,394 m.
The land around Katesh is covered by cropland (53%) and shrubs (25%) within 3 km, cropland (59%) and shrubs (21%) within 16 km, and cropland (41%) and shrubs (31%) within 80 km.
Tanzania travel facts
- Travel advisory
- Level 3
- Reconsider Travel
- Power plugs
- Type D / G
- 230 V · 50 Hz
- Prices
- ≈ 29% of US
- price level, 2025
- GDP per capita
- $1,319
- 2025
- Happiness
- 3.9 / 10
- World Happiness, 2025
- Safe drinking water
- 31%
- of population, 2024
- Homicide rate
- 3.7
- per 100k, 2020
- Road deaths
- 31.1
- per 100k/yr, 2019
- Income group
- Lower middle
- World Bank
- English
- Low
- EF EPI 479
- Religion
Sources: World Bank, US State Department, World Happiness Report, WHO/UNICEF, EF EPI, CIA World Factbook.
Data sources
Temperature, precipitation, cloud, humidity, wind and solar figures are a 1991–2020 climatology for Katesh (-4.5248°, 35.3849°, elevation 1,724 m), computed from hourly ERA5 reanalysis — contains modified Copernicus Climate Change Service information. Sun figures are astronomical calculations, not observations. City data © GeoNames, CC BY 4.0. Map outlines from Natural Earth (public domain); interactive map © Google. UV index is derived from CAMS (Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service) clear-sky UV data — contains modified Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service information. Topography is sampled from the Copernicus DEM GLO-90 elevation model (© ESA/Airbus) and ESA WorldCover 2021 land cover (CC BY 4.0).