Madizini weather in November
In November, Madizini sees average daytime highs of 31°C and overnight lows near 21°C, with 61 mm of rain across 14.5 wet days and about 12.3 hours of daylight. It is the 4th-warmest and 7th-wettest month of the year here.
Day-to-day highs hold fairly steady near 31°C through the month. The sky is clear or mostly clear about 33% of the time in November, and the air most often feels muggy.
Daylight stretches from about 12 h 12 min at the start of November to 12 h 18 min by month's end. Set against the rest of the year, November is Madizini's 2nd-clearest and 3rd-windiest month. For the whole year in context, see Madizini's year-round climate.
- Daytime high
- 31°
- 4th warmest
- Overnight low
- 21°
- 7th coldest
- Rainfall
- 61 mm
- 14.5 wet days
- Daylight
- 12 h 18 min
- 6:06 AM – 6:23 PM
- Cloud cover
- 54%
- 2nd clearest
- Wind
- 6 km/h
- 3rd windiest
- Solar energy
- 5.68 kWh/m²
- Travel score
- 4.2
- out of 10
Temperature in November
Day-to-day highs hold fairly steady near 31°C through the month.
A typical November day in Madizini reaches about 31°C in the afternoon and slips back to 21°C overnight — a 10°C spread between the day's warmth and the night's chill. On most days the high lands between 29°C and 33°C. Set against its neighbours, November runs on par with October and on par with December.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Avg high (°C) | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 |
| Avg low (°C) | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 22 | 22 | 22 | 22 | 22 | 22 | 22 |
| Avg high (°C) | Avg low (°C) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 31 | 21 |
| 2 | 31 | 21 |
| 3 | 31 | 21 |
| 4 | 31 | 21 |
| 5 | 31 | 21 |
| 6 | 31 | 21 |
| 7 | 31 | 21 |
| 8 | 31 | 21 |
| 9 | 31 | 21 |
| 10 | 31 | 21 |
| 11 | 31 | 21 |
| 12 | 31 | 21 |
| 13 | 31 | 21 |
| 14 | 31 | 21 |
| 15 | 31 | 21 |
| 16 | 31 | 21 |
| 17 | 31 | 21 |
| 18 | 31 | 21 |
| 19 | 31 | 21 |
| 20 | 31 | 21 |
| 21 | 31 | 21 |
| 22 | 31 | 21 |
| 23 | 31 | 21 |
| 24 | 31 | 22 |
| 25 | 31 | 22 |
| 26 | 31 | 22 |
| 27 | 31 | 22 |
| 28 | 31 | 22 |
| 29 | 31 | 22 |
| 30 | 31 | 22 |
How November really feels in Madizini
Once humidity and wind are folded in, November averages 30 days that feel above 32°C and 0 that feel at or below 0°C — the comfort signal a plain temperature reading hides.
The story in November is heat — humidity pushes the afternoon "feels like" well above the raw temperature.
Madizini weather by month
How November compares with the rest of the year at a glance. November is the 4th-warmest and 7th-wettest month here — the current month is highlighted below.
| Month | High / Low (°C) | Rainfall (mm) | Wet days | Daylight (hours) | Travel score |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 32° / 22° | 95 | 13.5 | 12.3 | 3.7 |
| Feb | 32° / 22° | 89 | 11.7 | 12.2 | 3.7 |
| Mar | 31° / 22° | 136 | 21.4 | 12 | 3.4 |
| Apr | 29° / 21° | 127 | 24.1 | 11.9 | 3.7 |
| May | 28° / 20° | 65 | 14 | 11.7 | 5.7 |
| Jun | 28° / 18° | 16 | 4.9 | 11.7 | 7.0 |
| Jul | 28° / 17° | 11 | 2.7 | 11.7 | 7.3 |
| Aug | 28° / 18° | 17 | 5.1 | 11.8 | 6.5 |
| Sep | 29° / 18° | 17 | 5.4 | 12 | 5.8 |
| Oct | 30° / 20° | 50 | 9.6 | 12.1 | 4.9 |
| Nov | 31° / 21° | 61 | 14.5 | 12.3 | 4.2 |
| Dec | 32° / 22° | 94 | 16.4 | 12.3 | 3.7 |
Cloud cover in November
The sky is clear or mostly clear about 33% of the time in November.
Beyond those clear spells, partly cloudy skies cover about 29% of November, with mostly cloudy or overcast conditions the remaining 38%.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clearer (%) | 63 | 62 | 61 | 61 | 61 | 61 | 60 | 60 | 60 | 60 | 60 | 60 | 61 | 60 | 61 | 61 | 62 | 62 | 62 | 62 | 62 | 62 | 62 | 63 | 63 | 63 | 63 | 63 | 63 | 63 |
| Cloudier (%) | 37 | 38 | 39 | 39 | 39 | 39 | 40 | 40 | 40 | 40 | 40 | 40 | 39 | 40 | 39 | 39 | 38 | 38 | 38 | 38 | 38 | 38 | 38 | 37 | 37 | 37 | 37 | 37 | 37 | 37 |
| Clearer (%) | Cloudier (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 63 | 37 |
| 2 | 62 | 38 |
| 3 | 61 | 39 |
| 4 | 61 | 39 |
| 5 | 61 | 39 |
| 6 | 61 | 39 |
| 7 | 60 | 40 |
| 8 | 60 | 40 |
| 9 | 60 | 40 |
| 10 | 60 | 40 |
| 11 | 60 | 40 |
| 12 | 60 | 40 |
| 13 | 61 | 39 |
| 14 | 60 | 40 |
| 15 | 61 | 39 |
| 16 | 61 | 39 |
| 17 | 62 | 38 |
| 18 | 62 | 38 |
| 19 | 62 | 38 |
| 20 | 62 | 38 |
| 21 | 62 | 38 |
| 22 | 62 | 38 |
| 23 | 62 | 38 |
| 24 | 63 | 37 |
| 25 | 63 | 37 |
| 26 | 63 | 37 |
| 27 | 63 | 37 |
| 28 | 63 | 37 |
| 29 | 63 | 37 |
| 30 | 63 | 37 |
Chance of precipitation in November
Madizini gets around 61 mm of rain over 14.5 wet days in November. The line is the day-by-day chance of measurable precipitation.
Day to day, the chance of measurable rain averages around 48% and peaks near 51% on the wettest days. The odds climb toward the end of the month.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rain chance (%) | 41 | 42 | 42 | 43 | 44 | 44 | 45 | 45 | 46 | 46 | 47 | 47 | 48 | 48 | 49 | 49 | 49 | 49 | 50 | 50 | 50 | 51 | 51 | 51 | 51 | 51 | 50 | 50 | 50 | 50 |
| Rain chance (%) | |
|---|---|
| 1 | 41 |
| 2 | 42 |
| 3 | 42 |
| 4 | 43 |
| 5 | 44 |
| 6 | 44 |
| 7 | 45 |
| 8 | 45 |
| 9 | 46 |
| 10 | 46 |
| 11 | 47 |
| 12 | 47 |
| 13 | 48 |
| 14 | 48 |
| 15 | 49 |
| 16 | 49 |
| 17 | 49 |
| 18 | 49 |
| 19 | 50 |
| 20 | 50 |
| 21 | 50 |
| 22 | 51 |
| 23 | 51 |
| 24 | 51 |
| 25 | 51 |
| 26 | 51 |
| 27 | 50 |
| 28 | 50 |
| 29 | 50 |
| 30 | 50 |
Humidity in November
Most of November feels muggy — the stacked bands show each day's mix of comfort levels, read off the dew point.
By dew point, November lands in the muggy band about 65% of days. Sticky, muggy-or-worse air turns up on roughly 87% of them.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Humid (%) | 25 | 23 | 22 | 21 | 20 | 19 | 18 | 17 | 16 | 16 | 15 | 14 | 13 | 12 | 12 | 11 | 11 | 10 | 9 | 9 | 8 | 8 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 5 |
| Muggy (%) | 66 | 67 | 67 | 68 | 68 | 68 | 68 | 68 | 68 | 67 | 66 | 66 | 66 | 66 | 65 | 65 | 63 | 63 | 63 | 62 | 62 | 61 | 62 | 61 | 61 | 62 | 62 | 62 | 62 | 63 |
| Oppressive (%) | 9 | 10 | 11 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | 31 | 32 | 32 | 32 | 32 | 32 | 32 | 32 |
| Humid (%) | Muggy (%) | Oppressive (%) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 25 | 66 | 9 |
| 2 | 23 | 67 | 10 |
| 3 | 22 | 67 | 11 |
| 4 | 21 | 68 | 11 |
| 5 | 20 | 68 | 12 |
| 6 | 19 | 68 | 13 |
| 7 | 18 | 68 | 14 |
| 8 | 17 | 68 | 15 |
| 9 | 16 | 68 | 16 |
| 10 | 16 | 67 | 17 |
| 11 | 15 | 66 | 19 |
| 12 | 14 | 66 | 20 |
| 13 | 13 | 66 | 21 |
| 14 | 12 | 66 | 22 |
| 15 | 12 | 65 | 23 |
| 16 | 11 | 65 | 24 |
| 17 | 11 | 63 | 26 |
| 18 | 10 | 63 | 27 |
| 19 | 9 | 63 | 28 |
| 20 | 9 | 62 | 29 |
| 21 | 8 | 62 | 30 |
| 22 | 8 | 61 | 31 |
| 23 | 7 | 62 | 31 |
| 24 | 7 | 61 | 32 |
| 25 | 7 | 61 | 32 |
| 26 | 6 | 62 | 32 |
| 27 | 6 | 62 | 32 |
| 28 | 6 | 62 | 32 |
| 29 | 6 | 62 | 32 |
| 30 | 5 | 63 | 32 |
Wind in November
Winds average 6 km/h in November.
Across November, daily wind ranges from about 6 km/h on the calmest days to 7 km/h at its breeziest. It stays fairly steady from day to day.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wind speed (km/h) | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 |
| Feels | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm |
| Wind speed (km/h) | Feels | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 7 | calm |
| 2 | 7 | calm |
| 3 | 7 | calm |
| 4 | 7 | calm |
| 5 | 7 | calm |
| 6 | 7 | calm |
| 7 | 7 | calm |
| 8 | 7 | calm |
| 9 | 7 | calm |
| 10 | 7 | calm |
| 11 | 7 | calm |
| 12 | 7 | calm |
| 13 | 6 | calm |
| 14 | 6 | calm |
| 15 | 6 | calm |
| 16 | 6 | calm |
| 17 | 6 | calm |
| 18 | 6 | calm |
| 19 | 6 | calm |
| 20 | 6 | calm |
| 21 | 6 | calm |
| 22 | 6 | calm |
| 23 | 6 | calm |
| 24 | 6 | calm |
| 25 | 6 | calm |
| 26 | 6 | calm |
| 27 | 6 | calm |
| 28 | 6 | calm |
| 29 | 6 | calm |
| 30 | 6 | calm |
Sunrise & sunset in November
Daylight runs from about 12 h 12 min at the start of November to 12 h 18 min by month's end. The lit band spans sunrise to sunset each day.
Days grow by about 6 minutes over November. Sunrise moves from 6:06 AM to 6:09 AM, and sunset from 6:20 PM to 6:29 PM.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Daylight (h) | 12.2 | 12.2 | 12.2 | 12.2 | 12.2 | 12.2 | 12.2 | 12.3 | 12.3 | 12.3 | 12.3 | 12.3 | 12.3 | 12.3 | 12.3 | 12.3 | 12.3 | 12.3 | 12.3 | 12.3 | 12.3 | 12.3 | 12.3 | 12.3 | 12.3 | 12.3 | 12.3 | 12.3 | 12.3 | 12.3 |
| Sunrise (AM) | 6:06 | 6:06 | 6:06 | 6:06 | 6:06 | 6:06 | 6:06 | 6:06 | 6:06 | 6:06 | 6:06 | 6:06 | 6:06 | 6:06 | 6:06 | 6:06 | 6:06 | 6:06 | 6:07 | 6:07 | 6:07 | 6:07 | 6:07 | 6:07 | 6:08 | 6:08 | 6:08 | 6:08 | 6:09 | 6:09 |
| Sunset (PM) | 6:20 | 6:20 | 6:20 | 6:20 | 6:20 | 6:21 | 6:21 | 6:21 | 6:21 | 6:21 | 6:22 | 6:22 | 6:22 | 6:23 | 6:23 | 6:23 | 6:24 | 6:24 | 6:24 | 6:25 | 6:25 | 6:25 | 6:26 | 6:26 | 6:27 | 6:27 | 6:27 | 6:28 | 6:28 | 6:29 |
| Daylight (h) | Sunrise (AM) | Sunset (PM) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 12.2 | 6:06 | 6:20 |
| 2 | 12.2 | 6:06 | 6:20 |
| 3 | 12.2 | 6:06 | 6:20 |
| 4 | 12.2 | 6:06 | 6:20 |
| 5 | 12.2 | 6:06 | 6:20 |
| 6 | 12.2 | 6:06 | 6:21 |
| 7 | 12.2 | 6:06 | 6:21 |
| 8 | 12.3 | 6:06 | 6:21 |
| 9 | 12.3 | 6:06 | 6:21 |
| 10 | 12.3 | 6:06 | 6:21 |
| 11 | 12.3 | 6:06 | 6:22 |
| 12 | 12.3 | 6:06 | 6:22 |
| 13 | 12.3 | 6:06 | 6:22 |
| 14 | 12.3 | 6:06 | 6:23 |
| 15 | 12.3 | 6:06 | 6:23 |
| 16 | 12.3 | 6:06 | 6:23 |
| 17 | 12.3 | 6:06 | 6:24 |
| 18 | 12.3 | 6:06 | 6:24 |
| 19 | 12.3 | 6:07 | 6:24 |
| 20 | 12.3 | 6:07 | 6:25 |
| 21 | 12.3 | 6:07 | 6:25 |
| 22 | 12.3 | 6:07 | 6:25 |
| 23 | 12.3 | 6:07 | 6:26 |
| 24 | 12.3 | 6:07 | 6:26 |
| 25 | 12.3 | 6:08 | 6:27 |
| 26 | 12.3 | 6:08 | 6:27 |
| 27 | 12.3 | 6:08 | 6:27 |
| 28 | 12.3 | 6:08 | 6:28 |
| 29 | 12.3 | 6:09 | 6:28 |
| 30 | 12.3 | 6:09 | 6:29 |
Solar energy in November
Average shortwave solar energy reaching the ground each day in November, about 5.68 kWh/m².
For context, solar energy here swings from a low near 4.42 kWh/m² to a high of 6.06 kWh/m² in February across the year — November's 5.68 kWh/m² falls in the middle.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | 5.7 | 5.7 | 5.7 | 5.7 | 5.7 | 5.7 | 5.7 | 5.7 | 5.7 | 5.7 | 5.7 | 5.7 | 5.7 | 5.7 | 5.7 | 5.7 | 5.7 | 5.7 | 5.7 | 5.7 | 5.7 | 5.7 | 5.7 | 5.7 | 5.7 | 5.7 | 5.7 | 5.7 | 5.7 | 5.7 |
| Level | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright |
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 5.7 | Bright |
| 2 | 5.7 | Bright |
| 3 | 5.7 | Bright |
| 4 | 5.7 | Bright |
| 5 | 5.7 | Bright |
| 6 | 5.7 | Bright |
| 7 | 5.7 | Bright |
| 8 | 5.7 | Bright |
| 9 | 5.7 | Bright |
| 10 | 5.7 | Bright |
| 11 | 5.7 | Bright |
| 12 | 5.7 | Bright |
| 13 | 5.7 | Bright |
| 14 | 5.7 | Bright |
| 15 | 5.7 | Bright |
| 16 | 5.7 | Bright |
| 17 | 5.7 | Bright |
| 18 | 5.7 | Bright |
| 19 | 5.7 | Bright |
| 20 | 5.7 | Bright |
| 21 | 5.7 | Bright |
| 22 | 5.7 | Bright |
| 23 | 5.7 | Bright |
| 24 | 5.7 | Bright |
| 25 | 5.7 | Bright |
| 26 | 5.7 | Bright |
| 27 | 5.7 | Bright |
| 28 | 5.7 | Bright |
| 29 | 5.7 | Bright |
| 30 | 5.7 | Bright |
Hazard calendar for Madizini
In November, Madizini sits inside its rainy season season. The full year is below, with each hazard's peak months called out.
Madizini's rainy season runs November–May, when most of the year's rain falls.
Is November a good time to visit Madizini?
Our two travel scores rate November for general sightseeing and for beach or pool weather — 0 (poor) to 10 (ideal).
November is a reasonable time to visit Madizini for sightseeing. The water and warmth also suit a beach or pool day.
What to pack for Madizini in November
From November's temperature range, rain chance, sun and wind — what's worth putting in the bag.
In November, Madizini sees daytime highs around 31°C and nights near 21°C. Pack light clothes and rain gear. Worth having: sun protection. About 15 days see rain.
UV index in Madizini in November
Clear-sky midday UV in November peaks around 13 (very high — sun protection essential). The full-year curve, shaded by WHO exposure level, is below.
Under clear skies, the midday UV index in Madizini peaks around March 14 at about 15 (extreme) — sunscreen, a hat and midday shade are essential. It bottoms out near June 17 at about 10 (very high).
The index reaches 3 or more — the level where the WHO recommends sun protection — every month of the year.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UV index (midday) | 14 | 15 | 15 | 14 | 11 | 10 | 11 | 11 | 13 | 14 | 13 | 13 |
| Level | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Very high | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme |
| UV index (midday) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 14 | Extreme |
| Feb | 15 | Extreme |
| Mar | 15 | Extreme |
| Apr | 14 | Extreme |
| May | 11 | Extreme |
| Jun | 10 | Very high |
| Jul | 11 | Extreme |
| Aug | 11 | Extreme |
| Sep | 13 | Extreme |
| Oct | 14 | Extreme |
| Nov | 13 | Extreme |
| Dec | 13 | Extreme |
Where is Madizini?
Madizini sits at 6.1°S, 37.6°E, 422 m above sea level, in Tanzania. The nearest listed city is Lubata, 21 km away.
Topography around Madizini
How much the land rises and falls, and what covers it, within 3, 16 and 80 km of Madizini.
Within 3 km, the terrain around Madizini has only modest variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 147 m around an average of 381 m above sea level; within 16 km, very significant variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 2,058 m; within 80 km, very significant variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 2,250 m.
The land around Madizini is covered by cropland (56%) and trees (36%) within 3 km, trees (49%) and cropland (47%) within 16 km, and trees (50%) and shrubs (20%) within 80 km.
Tanzania travel facts
- Travel advisory
- Level 3
- Reconsider Travel
- Power plugs
- Type D / G
- 230 V · 50 Hz
- Prices
- ≈ 29% of US
- price level, 2025
- GDP per capita
- $1,319
- 2025
- Happiness
- 3.9 / 10
- World Happiness, 2025
- Safe drinking water
- 31%
- of population, 2024
- Homicide rate
- 3.7
- per 100k, 2020
- Road deaths
- 31.1
- per 100k/yr, 2019
- Income group
- Lower middle
- World Bank
- English
- Low
- EF EPI 479
- Religion
Sources: World Bank, US State Department, World Happiness Report, WHO/UNICEF, EF EPI, CIA World Factbook.
Data sources
Temperature, precipitation, cloud, humidity, wind and solar figures are a 1991–2020 climatology for Madizini (-6.1409°, 37.636°, elevation 422 m), computed from hourly ERA5 reanalysis — contains modified Copernicus Climate Change Service information. Sun figures are astronomical calculations, not observations. City data © GeoNames, CC BY 4.0. Map outlines from Natural Earth (public domain); interactive map © Google. UV index is derived from CAMS (Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service) clear-sky UV data — contains modified Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service information. Topography is sampled from the Copernicus DEM GLO-90 elevation model (© ESA/Airbus) and ESA WorldCover 2021 land cover (CC BY 4.0).